threaten the earth’s ability to support
life.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
3. Overconsumption of Resources
DEFINITION ○ Unsustainable industrial and
consumer practices lead to the
Sustainable development means meeting the depletion of natural resources.
needs of the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own 4. Weak Governance
needs. It balances three key pillars: economic ○ Corruption, lack of policies, and poor
growth, social inclusion, and environmental leadership prevent the enforcement
protection. of sustainable practices.
It’s not just about progress—it’s about responsible
5. Global Conflicts and Crises
and long-lasting progress for both people and the
○ Wars, pandemics, and economic
planet.
instability disrupt long-term
Stability development plans.
● Focuses on maintaining order and avoiding GLOBALIZATION AND SUSTAINABLE
disruptions in the short term DEVELOPMENT
● Refers to a steady or secure condition in
society or systems Globalization connects countries through trade,
● Can exist even if long-term harm is communication, and cooperation. This global
happening (e.g., stable economy but with interaction influences sustainable development in
high pollution) both positive and negative ways.
● Positive Effects
Sustainability ○ Global cooperation on climate action
(e.g., Paris Agreement)
● Focuses on long-term balance and ○ Sharing of green technologies and
responsibility for future generations innovations
● Ensures that development does not harm ○ International funding for sustainable
the environment, society, or economy projects
● Promotes renewal, conservation, and ○ Spread of environmental awareness
thoughtful use of resources across borders
CHALLENGES TO SUSTAINABLE ● Negative Effects
○ Fast-paced industrial growth
DEVELOPMENT
increases pollution
1. Poverty and Inequality ○ Global markets promote
○ Many people still lack access to overconsumption and waste
basic needs like food, clean water, ○ Poorer countries may be exploited
education, and healthcare. for resources
○ Sustainable development requires ○ Cultural and environmental values
fairness and inclusion. may be overlooked in favor of profit
2. Environmental Degradation
○ Pollution, deforestation, loss of
biodiversity, and climate change