DOCUMENT CODE: L1-BIOCHEM-2021-01
SUBJECT: BIMONTHLY SYLLABUS Page 1 of 2
WEEK CASE VIGNETTE TRIGGER/GUIDE QUESTIONS LEARNING OUTCOMES REFERENCE
3
Aug. Patient A.A. was then rushed to a 1. Differentiate types of muscle and I. MUSCLES & THE CYTOSKELETON Harper’s
26, Tertiary Care Hospital for “lockjaw”. describe its structural and A. Structural components of Illustrated
2021 In the Emergency room, the patient functional unit. muscles. Biochemistry.
31st Edition
was seen by the ER physician, 2. Tetanus toxin primarily affects the B. Similarities and differences of the
meticulous history and physical skeletal muscle. Outline the 3 types of muscles as to structure,
Others:
examination revealed that patient normal cycle of muscle nervous control and location.
1. Textbook of
most likely had tetanus infection and contraction. C. Sequence of events in excitation- Biochemistry
the stiffness of the jaw was brought 3. How does calcium regulate contraction coupling, and with Clinical
about by the Tetanus toxin, which is muscular contraction in the reticulum and calcium triggering. Correlation. 7th
taken up into terminals of lower different types of muscle? D. Key sites of energy utilization Edition.
motor neurons and transported 4. Describe the different supporting during muscle contraction.
axonally to the spinal cord and/or protein structures that perform E. Role of creatine phosphate in 2. Lehninger’s
brainstem. Here the toxin moves mechanical (motion) work in all skeletal muscle and the impact of Principles of
Biochemistry. 6th
trans-synaptically into inhibitory cells. skeletal muscle fiber type on
Edition.
nerve terminals, where vesicular 5. Relate the type of muscle fiber to substrate utilization and muscle
release of inhibitory the source of energy for muscular function. 3. Marks’ Basic
neurotransmitters becomes blocked, contraction. F. Function of Nitric oxide in the Medical
leading to disinhibition of lower 6. Give examples of pathologic vascular system Biochemistry: A
motor neurons. Muscle rigidity and condition involving the muscle. G. Characteristics of Type I and Type Clinical
spasms ensue, often manifesting as 7. Synthesis of proteins occur mostly II fibers of the skeletal muscle and Approach. 4th
trismus/lockjaw, dysphagia, in the ribosomes and or in the its role in providing energy to Edition
opisthotonos, or rigidity and spasms cytosol. Trace the fate of these athletes involved in strength and
of respiratory, laryngeal, and proteins taking into account the endurance activities.
abdominal muscles, which may cause following aspects: H. Properties of the different
respiratory failure. a. Presence of membrane-bound components of the Cytoskeleton:
There's no cure for tetanus.
Treatment consists of wound care, signal proteins, chaperones 1. Microfilaments
medications to ease symptoms, and b. Processing and sorting 2. Microtubules
supportive care. The patient was c. Transport to the different 3. Intermediate filaments
given powerful sedatives to control subcellular I. Disorders associated with muscle
the muscle spasm, the airway was compartments/organelles, proteins and contraction:
secured through a tracheostomy. and the different transport 1. Gene mutations encoding for
vesicle used. a.) Calcium release channel:
d. Difference between Co- Malignant Hyperthermia
translational vs b.) Dystrophin: Duchenne &
Posttranslational Becker Muscular Dystrophy
Translocation of proteins. 2. Abnormal Myocardial
e. Assembly of membranes proteins and Cardiac Energy
8. Describe the role of the metabolism: Inherited
endoplasmic reticulum in the Cardiomyopathies
maintenance of homeostasis of J. Disorders associated with the
the cell. cytoskeleton
9. Give examples of diseases 1. Kartagener syndrome
associated with derangements in 2. Progeria
protein processing and transport. 3. Skin diseases
II. INTRACELLULAR TRAFFIC &
SORTING OF PROTEINS
A. Molecules and sequences that
direct proteins to specific
organelles
B. Properties and function of
Chaperones
C. General features of Protein
Import to organelles
D. Properties and role of Signal
Peptides directing proteins to the
endoplasmic reticulum
E. Pathways for protein insertion in
the membranes of the ER:
1. Co-translational insertion
2. Posttranslational Insertion
3. Retention in the Golgi
Apparatus
4. Retrieval to the Endoplasmic
Reticulum
5. Retrograde transport to the
Golgi Apparatus
F. Types of Vesicles and their
function
G. Features of membrane assembly
H. Role of Ubiquitin and the
endoplasmic reticulum for
protein degradation and quality
control.
I. Disorders due to:
1. Peroxisomal abnormalities
2. Abnormalities in Intracellular
transport of specific proteins
3. Enzyme Mutation