Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

Q1) Under each statement three alternatives (ABC) are given. Select the most
appropriate alternative that completes each statement and write the capital letter
against the numerical:

1. The Allies group was formed by the England, France and Russia.
2. The ‘War street Exchange’ crashed in 1929.
3. On 30th January 1930, President Hindenburg offered the chancellorship to Adolf
Hitler.
4. Hjalmar Schacht was a/an Economist.
5. The Polish children who looked like Aryans were snatched from their Mother.
6. The two sides of the same coin in Germany were genocide and War.
7. The most infamous film in Germany was The Eternal Jew.
8. In Germany women bearing eight or more children were given Bronze cross.

QII Answer the following in one sentence each:

1. What is the name given to the Germany parliament?
Ans:Reichstag.

2. Where did the peace treaty take place?

Ans: One people, one umpire and one leader.

3. Who supported the Weimar republic?

Ans: The Socialist, the Catholics and Democrats supported the Weimar Republic.
4. Why did the peasantry suffer from the economic crisis?
Ans: A sharp fall in the agricultural prices made the peasantry suffer.

5. Why did France occupy Ruhr in 1923?

Ans: Germany refused to pay war reparation, so France occupied Ruhr in 1923.
6. What happened to the idea of Democracy?
Ans: Democracy was indeed a young and fragile idea, which could not survive the
instabilities of interwar Europe.

7. What made Hitler suspend the civil right?

Ans: The Fire Decree of 28th February 1933 made Hitler suspend the civil rights.

8. What was the objective of the tripartite pact?

Ans: The objective of the tripartite pact was to strengthen Hitler’s claim to
international power.

9. What was the basis of the Nazi ideology?

Ans: According to Nazi ideology there was no equality between people, but only a
social hierarchy.

[Link] was known as the historic blunder of Hitler?

Ans: Hitler’s attack on the soviet union was a historic blunder.

QIIIGive two reasons for the following:

1. A national assembly met as Weimar?
Ans:(i) To establish a democratic constitution with a federal struchure.
(ii)To elect the deputies to the German parlament or Reichstag on the basisnof equal
and universal votes cast by all adults including women.

2. Germany people did not like the Republic?

Ans: Germany people did not like the Republic because
(i)Of the teams it was forced to accept after Germany’s defeat at the end of the First
world war.
3. The first world war left a deep imprint on European society and polity?
Ans: (i) Soldiers were kept above civilians.
(ii) Politicians and policies laid great stress.
(iii)The media glorified trench life.

4. The famous enabling act established dictatorship in Germany?

Ans: (i) As soon as the Enabling Act was passes Hitler got all powers to rule by decree.
(ii) All political party and trade unions were banned .
(iii) The state established complete control over the economy, media, army and
judiciary.

5. Adolf Hitler was arrested in 1923.

Ans: (i) Hitler planned to seize control of Bavaria.
(ii) He marched to Berlin and tried to capture power in Germany but failed.

6. The USA entered in the second World War against Japan

Ans: (i)The USA entered the second world War because Japan was expanding its
power in the east.
(ii)Japan had occupied French Indo-China and planned to attack US naval bases
in the Pacific.
(iii) Japan had extended its support to Hitler and boomed the US base at Pearl
Harbour.

7. All the mothers were not treated equally in Germany

Ans:(i) The treatment of women who bore racially undesirable children was
substandard than that of the other mothers.
(ii) The former were punished and women who bore racially desirable children
were awarded.
8. Hitler acquired quick success in his foreign policy.
Ans: (i) He pulled out of the League of Nations ib 1933. He reoccupied the Rhineland
in 1938.
(ii) He captured Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia.

QIVAnswer the following in two sentences each.

1. What problem did the soldiers have to face?
Ans: The soldiers were placed above civilians. The soldier lived miserable lives in the
trenches, trapped with rats feeding on corpses. They faced poison gas and enemy
shelling. Their rank was reduced.

2. What happened in schools under Nazism in Germany?

Ans: All the schools were cleaned and purified. “Politically Unreliable” teachers were
dismissed. The children were segregated. Germans and Jews could not sit together or
play together.

3. Why was it said that every German was not a Nazi?

Ans: Because many German organized active resistance to Nazism. They faced police
repression and death. Many Germans were passive onlookers and apathetic
witnesses. They were scared to act , to differ and to protest.

4. What did Pastor Neimoeller write about the silence?

Ans: Pastor Neimoeller wrote about the uncanny silence among the Germans in the
face of brutal and organized crimes committed against the people in the Nazi Empire

5. When did the Jews want the world to remember the atrocities and suffering they had
endured during the Nazi killings?
Ans: After the war ended and Germany was defeated the Jews realized the horrors of
what had happened. While the German were preoccupied with their own plight as a
defeated Nation, the Jews wanted the world to remember the atrocities and
sufferings they had endured during the Nazi killing.
 6. What was the geographical ideology of Hitler?
Ans: Hitler believed that new territories had to be acquired for settlement. It would
enhance the area of the mother country. It would enable the settlers on new lands to
retain links with the place of their origin. It would enhance the material resourses
and power of the German.

7. Which changes took places in Germany after the abdication of the emperor?
Ans: A National Assembly established a democratic constitution with the federal
structure. Deputies were elected to the German Parliament or Reichstag, on the
basis of equal and universal votes cast by all adults including women.

8. What did the demands of the soviet –style governance increase in Germany?
Ans: Those opposed to this-such as the socialists, Democrats and Catholics-met in
Weimar to give shape to the democratic republic.

9. How did the Weimar Republic crush the revolutionary uprising?

Ans: The Weimar Republic crushed the uprising with the help of a war veterans
organization called Free corps . The anguished Spartacists later Founded the
communist Party of Germany .

QVAnswer the following in four or five sentences each:

1. What were the effects of the First world- war?
Ans: (i). thefirst World War had a devastating impact on the entire continent
physically and financially. Europe turned into a debtor.
(ii). The infant Weimar Republic was made to play for the since of the old empire.
(iii). Therepublic carried the burden of war guilt and was forced to pay
compensation.
(iv). The Socialists ,Catholics and Democrats became easy targets of attack.
2. How was the Versailles Treat humiliating ?
Ans: (i).The peace treaty of Versailles was harsh and humiliating.
(ii). Germany lost its overseas colonies. Germany lost 13% of its territories . 75% of its
iron
and 26% of its coal to France, Poland, Denmark and Lithuania.
(iii)TheAllied powers demilitarized Germany .The Guild Clause held Germany
responsible
For the war.
(iv).Germany was forced to pay compensation amounting to $ 6 billion. The Allied
armies
Occupied the Rhineland.

3. What steps did Hitler take as soon as he assumed power in Germany?

Ans: (i).Hitler set out to dismantle the structure of the democratic rule.
(ii).The fire that broke out in the German parliament facilitated his move.
(iii).He suspended the civil right that were given by the Weimar constitution.
(iv).The communists were sent to the concentration camps.

4. State the imaportance of the “Youth Oranisations in Germany?

Ans: (i). Youth Organisation were made responsible Educating German Youth in the
spirit of National socialism.
(ii). Ten years old had to enter the Jung volk.
(iii). At the age of 14 all boys had to join the Nazi Youth organization, where they
learned
to worship war.
(iv). The glorified aggression and violence, condemned democracy and hated Jews ,
Communist, Gypsies and all those categorized as undesirable.
(v).After ideological and physical training they joined “Labour service” usually at the
age of 18 years.
(vi).Then they had to serve in the armed forces and enter the Nazi Organization.

5. Why did Nazism become popular in Germany by 1930?

Ans:(i). There was a political Vacuum which the Weimar Republic failed to fill.
(ii).The Nazis filled that Vacuum by earning public support in the year 1932,
when they become the largest party with 35% votes.
(iii).This was the result of Nazi propaganda and the call given by Hitler.
(iv). He dreamt of a powerful , prosperous and happy Germany, This, he believed,
could not be attained without the people ‘s participation. And then he successfully
mobilised the masses
 (v).He also successfully overcame his political opponents. Hitler’s youth programme,
racial discrimination and call for the youth to join the army , got instant public
support,
(vi) . The pride had been shattered through the Treaty of Versailles, and who were
living in a time acute economic and political crisis.

6. What were the effects of the Great Depression on Germany?

Ans : (i) In Germany ,banks collapsed.
(ii) The businesses shut down.
(iii) The workers lost their jobs and
(iv) The middle classes were threatened with destitution the Nazis could not
mobilized popular support till early 1930.

7. What were the condition of the people of Poland?

Ans:(i). Poland was divided and North Western Poland was annexed to Germany.
(ii). The Poles were forced to live their homes and they are properties were occupied
by ethnic Germans.
(iii).The poles were then herded like cattle’s to other parts called the general
Government. The members of the polish intelligent sia were murdered in large
numbers in order to keep entire people intelligentsia and spiritually servile.
(iv). Polished children who looked like Aryans were snatched from they are mother
and examined by ‘Race experts’. If they passed the race tests they were raised by
German families and if not they were deposited in orphanages.

8. How were the Aryan women treated who deviated from the prescribed code in
Germany?
Ans:(i). All Aryan women were publically condemned and severely punished.
(ii).Those who maintained contact with jews, poles and Russians were paraded
through the town with shaved heads, blackened faces and placards hanging around
their necks.
(iii). Many received Jews sentences and lost civic honour in Germany.

9. What were the peculiar features of Nazi thinking?

 Ans: The peculiar features of Nazi thinking were as follows;
There was no equality between people but only a racial hierarchy
Blond, blue eyed Nordic German Aryans were at the top and jews were located at
the lowest level of the racial hierarchy.
Nazis belived the superior race would survive and the inferior race would perish.
There was also an aspect of geo-political expansion –lebensranm. This allowed the
Nazis to expand their territories for settlement.

QVI In group ‘A’ are listed certain statement and in group ‘B’
certain countries.
A B
1 The country that joined the England
Allies in 1917 was

2 Bolshevik Revolution took Russia

place in
3 The leading industrial area Germany
Ruhr was occupied by
4 Planned to march into Berlin Germany
in 1923
5 He was a well-known Hjalmarschacht
Economist

Q6. Name the following:

1. A place where the Nazi war criminals were prosecuted.

Ans: Concentration camps.

2. The person who raised the slogan ‘One people, one empier’
Ans : Hitler.

3. Nazi youth groups for children below fourteen years of age?

Ans: