Generated on October 4, 2022

Manual of LOCOPIAS1
Seagoing Vessels
Loading Computer Software

Scheepsbouwkundig Advies en Reken Centrum (SARC) BV

Landstraat 5
1404 JD Bussum, The Netherlands
Phone +31 85 0409040
E-mail sarc@[Link]
[Link]

1 Copyright (©1993-2022) of software and manual is held by SARC BV. The last chapter of this manual contains the license terms.
Contents

1 Preliminary notes 1

2 Loading Software 2
2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1.1 Invoking LOCOPIAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1.2 Define and verify loading conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1.3 All types of vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1.4 Use of software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.2 Basic features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.2.1 Direct Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.2.2 Different modules for different types of cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.3 Assessing the stability and safety of the vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.3.1 Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.3.2 Check loading condition (before loading) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
[Link] Loading the vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
[Link] Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
[Link] Check the stability and strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3.3 Voyage planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3.4 Verify after loading before departure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4 Frequently asked questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3 LOCOPIAS Main window 7

3.1 Main window layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1.1 Menu bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3 Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.4 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.5 Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.6 Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.7 2D/3D View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.8 Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

4 Modules 15
4.1 Common operations in modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.1.1 Genereral operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.1.2 Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.1.3 Result windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.1.4 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.2 Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.2.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.2.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
[Link] Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
[Link] Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.2.3 Menu bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
[Link] Output/Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
[Link] Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
[Link] Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
CONTENTS ii

[Link] Result windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4.2.4 Function buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
[Link] Sensor reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
[Link] Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
4.3 RoRo cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.3.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.3.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
[Link] Define ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
[Link] Database RoRo cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
[Link] Define RoRo cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
[Link] Load RoRo cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
[Link] Edit RoRo cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
[Link] Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
[Link] Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.4 Containers (pre-2021 version) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.4.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.4.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
[Link] Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
[Link] Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
[Link] Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
[Link] Multiple containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.4.3 Menu bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
[Link] Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
[Link] Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
[Link] BAPLIE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
[Link] Result windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.5 Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.5.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.5.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
[Link] Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
[Link] Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
[Link] Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
[Link] Multiple containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
[Link] Tier numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
4.5.3 Menu bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
[Link] Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
[Link] Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
[Link] Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
[Link] BAPLIE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
[Link] Result windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
[Link] Containerlist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4.6 Container Lashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
4.6.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
4.6.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
4.6.3 Main functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.6.4 Additional functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
[Link] Route specific reduction factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
[Link] Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
[Link] Edit lash properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
[Link] Copy/Paste lashing connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.7.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.7.2 Compliance with IMDG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.7.3 Input of IMDG CTUs and UN substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
[Link] Input of IMDG UN substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.7.4 IMDG information window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.7.5 Required ship specific data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.8 Grain/bulk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

© SARC, Bussum, The Netherlands October 4, 2022

CONTENTS iii

4.8.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.8.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
[Link] Position bulkhead(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
[Link] Select hold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
[Link] Load grain or bulk cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
[Link] Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
[Link] Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.9 General cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4.9.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4.9.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
[Link] Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
[Link] Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
[Link] Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
[Link] Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
[Link] Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.10 Crane loading tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.10.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.10.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
[Link] Define cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
[Link] Select cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
[Link] Operate crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
[Link] Ballast operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
[Link] SWL configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
[Link] Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
[Link] Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4.11 Hatch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
4.11.1 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
4.11.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4.12 Weight list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.12.1 Menu bar functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.12.2 Content of the weight list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
4.12.3 Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
4.13 Damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
4.13.1 The damage definition window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
4.13.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
[Link] Review pre-defined damage cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
[Link] Define damage cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
[Link] Select damage cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
[Link] Print output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
4.14 Cargo weight determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
4.14.1 Layout of the GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
4.14.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
4.14.3 Verify displacement method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
[Link] Define loading condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
[Link] Enter drafts / freeboards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
[Link] Calculate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
4.14.4 Compare load method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
[Link] Define the initial loading condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
[Link] Enter the observed drafts of the initial condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
[Link] Define the final loading condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
[Link] Enter the observed drafts of the final condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
[Link] Calculate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
4.15 Damage control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
4.15.1 Layout of the GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
4.15.2 General approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
4.15.3 Module buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
[Link] Internal damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
[Link] External damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

© SARC, Bussum, The Netherlands October 4, 2022

CONTENTS iv

[Link] Damages in the main screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

[Link] Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.15.4 Countermeasure buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
[Link] Calculate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
[Link] Preview and apply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
[Link] Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
4.15.5 Compliance windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
4.15.6 Function buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
[Link] Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
[Link] Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
[Link] Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
4.16 Quartering and following seas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.16.1 Surfriding and broaching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.16.2 Heavy rolling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
4.16.3 Loss of stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
4.17 Ballast advice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.17.1 Determining the amount of ballast water in a loading condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.18 Trim optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

5 Tank soundings including effects of list and trim 90

5.1 Specify list and trim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
5.2 Calculate tank particulars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
5.3 Print all tank particulars on paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
5.4 Cargo/ullage report, and historical cargo summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5.4.1 Print Cargo/Ullage report on screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5.4.2 Print Cargo/Ullage report on paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
5.4.3 Print historical cargo summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
5.4.4 View and maintain historical cargo summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
5.5 Export tank data to a loading condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
5.6 Import tank data from tank measurement systeem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
5.7 Up-to-date overview of filling and flow rate per tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

6 Miscellaneous subjects 95
6.1 Operation of LOCOPIAS and general functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
6.2 Content and options in the cells of selection windows and input windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
6.3 Preview of output to screen, and export of computation results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
6.4 Definitions and units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
6.5 LCG and weight distribution of weight items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
6.6 Installation of LOCOPIAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
6.7 Supported formats of data exchange files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
6.7.1 Import CSV file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
6.7.2 Import & export VCC(Visual Cargo Care) file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
6.7.3 Import Excel file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
[Link] General settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
[Link] Column settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

7 Formalities 105
7.1 Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
7.2 License conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
7.3 Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Index 116

© SARC, Bussum, The Netherlands October 4, 2022

Chapter 1

Preliminary notes

Ship-specific data.
This manual contains a general description of background and modus operandi of the LOCOPIAS software.
Particulars which are specific for a vessel or installation are included in a separate document, labelled “Ship-
specific data and test conditions”.
Test your loading software at regular intervals.
Your software contains some unmodifiable loading conditions, the so-called test conditions. These are in-
tended to be used for verification of the correct operation of LOCOPIAS. Be sure to compute the test con-
ditions (as discussed in section 3.6 on page 13, Output) at frequent intervals and compare the program
results with the output as included in the “Ship-specific data and test conditions” booklet. A record of these
verifications can be kept using the forms as included in the last chapter of that booklet.
Pictures and tables presented in this manual are used as examples only.
The examples from this general manual are fictional and do not refer to your specific ship.
Users of LOCOPIAS must be qualified.
Correct definition of input data and correct interpretation of calculation results requires a certain level of
training and skill; it is of vital importance to make sure that the person operating LOCOPIAS is indeed
qualified for these operations. This remains the responsibility of the master.
Terms of use of the software.
See section 7.2 on page 105, License conditions.
The structure of this manual.
On the next page the manual starts, directly aimed at the ship-related aspects, such as loading and stability,
while computer-related subjects can be found at the end of this manual. That is a well-considered choice,
made in order to concentrate on the heart of the matter. Those who wish to focus on the operation of LO←-
COPIAS first can now refer to section 6.1 on page 95, Operation of LOCOPIAS and general functions and
section 6.3 on page 96, Preview of output to screen, and export of computation results. For installation of
LOCOPIAS please refer to section 6.6 on page 99, Installation of LOCOPIAS
Chapter 2

Loading Software

LOCOPIAS is on-board loading computer software. Derived from PIAS1 , it uses the same proven technology
to achieve optimum loading within the limits for strength, stability, draft, etc. This ensures optimal loading and
maximum safety of the vessel, its crew, payload or passengers and the environment.

2.1 General
2.1.1 Invoking LOCOPIAS
After the Installation of LOCOPIAS its icon, as depicted below, will be present on your computer desktop. You
start LOCOPIAS by selecting this icon, then the LOCOPIAS Main window will appear.

2.1.2 Define and verify loading conditions

The purpose of LOCOPIAS is to verify that user-defined loading conditions comply with chosen criteria for
(damage-) stability and strength. For this purpose, calculations of intact stability, damage stability, and longi-
tudinal strength can be performed. The graphical user interface of LOCOPIAS (chapter 3 on page 7, LOCOPIAS
Main window) offers on-screen verification as well as full reports printed on paper.

2.1.3 All types of vessels

LOCOPIAS is suitable for all kinds of vessels: dry cargo, passenger, container, RoRo, heavy lift, oil, chemical and
gas tankers, special-purpose ships, naval vessels, inland waterway etc. LOCOPIAS can deal with single, composed
and asymmetric hull forms, catamarans, trimarans and odd shapes.

2.1.4 Use of software

The software is intended for on-board use, but can be installed in the office or on a laptop PC as well for planning
and backup ashore. Loading conditions can be exchanged between versions of LOCOPIAS for the same vessel. An
installed version of LOCOPIAS cannot be used by multiple users simultaneously.

2.2 Basic features

2.2.1 Direct Calculations
LOCOPIAS performs calculations based on the actual shape of the hull form and geometry of compartments for
every combination of trim, heel and draft instead of using precalculated tables of hydrostatics, cross-curves etc.
1 [Link]
2.3 Assessing the stability and safety of the vessel 3

Calculations are therefore not limited in range of list and trim and interpolation errors are excluded, this leads
to accurate calculation results. LOCOPIAS is accepted by all major classification societies and it complies with
Categories B and C of ISO standard 16155.

2.2.2 Different modules for different types of cargo

Multiple modules and special tools to facilitate cargo planning are available. Depending on the type of ship and
user requirements, modules can be integrated in the software for e.g.:
• Calculation of intact stability.
• Calculation of longitudinal strength and torsional moments.
• Calculation of damage stability.
• Tank filling.
• Damage control (evaluation of internal and external damages, including countermeasure advices).
• Container loading (including BAPLIE import/ export).
• Project- or general cargo loading.
• Roro loading.
• Grain and bulk loading.
• Positioning of hatch covers and tweendeck panels.
• Crane operation simulation, including dual crane operations.
• Interface with tank gauge system.
• Sounding, calculation of tank contents including the effect of list and trim.
• Calculation of anchor chain forces.
• Diagrams indicating dangerous seaways.
• Pipe stack module (deck load pipes incl. entrapped water).
• Line of sight.
• Cargo weight determination.

2.3 Assessing the stability and safety of the vessel

2.3.1 Start
This part of the manual helps you with the general steps that should be taken to assess the stability and safety of
the vessel. How to perform the specific steps is explained in different parts of the manual. Links to those parts are
provided in this chapter.
At the start-up, LOCOPIAS opens with the main window, this is the central point in the software. From here the
loading condition can be defined, applicable criteria and settings can be chosen and calculations can be invoked.

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2.3 Assessing the stability and safety of the vessel 4

Layout of the main window.

A detailed explanation of the main screen can be found at section 3.1 on page 7, Main window layout. The
main screen will give the user an overview of all the safety aspects. The user will be warned by red indicators if
something is not correct. If all is okay, the user will see green indicators. Below a list of checks and indicators is
displayed. Depending on the regulations, it is possible that your vessel does not have all the indicators.
Line of sight
This will be shown above the bow of the vessel in the side view 4
Maximum and minimum drafts and trims
Below the vessel in the side view 4 the draft and trim limits are checked. This could include propellor
immersion, minimum slamming draft and ice draft limits.
Heeling angle
Below the cross section 5 the heeling angle is displayed.
Longitudinal strength
At 6 various compliance windows are shown. These can include shear forces, bending moments and torsion
moments.
Damage stability
One of the compliance windows 6 is for damage stability. Due to calculation times this is the only item
which will not be calculated automatically. Press the button ‘Calculate damage stability’, to calculate all the
mandatory damage cases.
Intact stability
The intact stability diagram 11 will show if the intact stability complies.

2.3.2 Check loading condition (before loading)

Before loading the vessel, the master should ensure the vessel can carry that cargo safely.

[Link] Loading the vessel

The general approach on how to make one (departure) loading condition can be found at section 3.2 on page 9,
General approach.
LOCOPIAS has several modules to help the user to load the vessel. The detailed operation of these modules
can be found in the chapter chapter 4 on page 15, Modules.
In the section 4.12 on page 66, Weight list special care should be given to the FSM type of tanks. Especially
if the filling of tanks and therefore the FSM change during a voyage. Details can be found at section 4.12.2 on

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2.4 Frequently asked questions 5

page 68, Content of the weight list. Please note that LOCOPIAS also offers a more advanced method to compensate
for free liquid effects, which is the “actual shift of liquid method”. If your LOCOPIAS is configured this way, it
will compute the real movement of liquid, including the effects of heel and trim, and the FSM type cannot be set.

[Link] Settings

The user should check all settings in the section 3.4 on page 11, Settings window.
Some settings, such as maximum and minimum drafts, depend on the sailing area, season or weather. Other
settings may depend on the cargo or configuration of the vessel. Verify the settings closely, so that they match the
intended use of the vessel.

[Link] Check the stability and strength

Once the loading condition is finished and the settings are made, the stability and strength can be verified.
The first overview of compliance of all the stability and strength aspects can be found in the chapter 3 on
page 7, LOCOPIAS Main window. Here all warnings are displayed.
To go into further detail, the section 3.5 on page 12, Check window can be opened. Compliance with the
requirements is indicated by the color of the bullet (complies = green, does not comply = red). If, for instance,
the overview shows a red bullet under intact stability, the corresponding tab provides more information as to the
reason for non-compliance. Mandatory damage cases are not calculated automatically. The user can tick the box
under damage stability and press ‘OK’, to have the damage cases calculated.
Finally, there is also the option to print reports. These reports contain even more detail. The reports can be
found under section 3.6 on page 13, Output.
[Link].1 Damage stability output
As explained in the chapter of the module section 4.13 on page 70, Damages, there are mandatory and user-defined
damage cases. The output of damage stability (or summary) will print the selected damage cases in the ‘damages’
module. These can be either mandatory or user-defined damage cases. The comprehensive output, test conditions
and short output will calculate all mandatory damages cases and not the user-defined damages.
Note: it is also possible that there have been made probabilistic damage calculations for the vessel. Such
calculations result in a minimum GM’ requirement. If this is applicable, this GM’ requirement can be found in the
criteria for intact stability.

2.3.3 Voyage planning

Now the departure condition is finished, it is time to make a voyage planning. During the voyage some tanks will
vary in filling and free surface moments. In section 3.3 on page 10, Conditions a copy of the departure condition
can be made. Make sure all critical intermediate steps of the voyage are covered. Again, special care should be
given to the FSM type of tanks. Especially if tanks are full at departure, but with an increasing FSM during voyage.
Details can be found at section 4.12.2 on page 68, Content of the weight list. Make sure each loading condition
complies with all criteria.
Such planning with multiple loading conditions is not only applicable to a voyage, but also to ballast operations.

2.3.4 Verify after loading before departure

After loading the vessel, verify if the planned loading condition matches the actual loading condition. Check the
tank fillings, the cargo and the draft and trim. If necessary, adjust all the loading conditions of the voyage.
LOCOPIAS has some tools to help verify the displacement and calculate a correction weight, if necessary. The
primary tool for this is the section 4.14 on page 73, Cargo weight determination module. If this is not purchased, a
very basic tool can be found in the section 4.12.1 on page 66, Menu bar functions of the weight list called [Check
displace].

2.4 Frequently asked questions

1. A new installation of LOCOPIAS brings new loading conditions, so I lost my old ones. Is there anything
to be done about it?
You can export the loading conditions of your existing LOCOPIAS installation — refer for that to section 3.3

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2.4 Frequently asked questions 6

on page 10, Conditions — and re-import these in the newly installed version. However, it is not recom-
mended to do so in the transition from a preliminary to a final version of LOCOPIAS, because experience
has shown that in such a case tanks may have been added or removed.
2. Does LOCOPIAS also work on 64-bits Windows?
Yes.
3. Is LOCOPIAS also available for Apple Mac?
LOCOPIAS is not available natively for the Mac. A Mac can be configured to emulate or run Microsoft
Windows (possibly in a virtual machine), which might offer the ability to run LOCOPIAS (although LOC←-
OPIAS will then not even be aware of the Mac basis).
4. My virus scanner reports a LOCOPIAS file to contain a virus. What to do?
Some scanners do indeed wake up on an occasional LOCOPIAS file, but as far as SARC is aware this has,
to date, always been a false alarm. Obviously, this does not guarantee that such a warning will always be
false, but it is primarily the responsibility of your scanner supplier, who manages the algorithms and their
data after all. So, if you would like to assist them, feel free to inform them. SARC cannot provide support
because there are too many types and brands of scanners around. Two final comments:
• Sometimes a scanner thinks it a good idea to delete some components of LOCOPIAS, e.g. a .dll file. It
goes without saying that LOCOPIAS will then no longer work properly.
• At SARC, all files, including LOCOPIAS packages intended for customers, are systematically tested
for viruses and malware (with ESET Endpoint Antivirus).
5. LOCOPIAS refuses to start, with error message “The application was unable to start correctly
(0xc0000142). Click OK to close the application”.
This is an error message from Windows, and indicates that an essential part of the Windows installation is
missing or has become corrupted. This probably has to do with the ".NET Framework" and (re)installing of
this is neccessary: By following these steps2 ’.NET Framework 3.5’ can be installed.
6. LOCOPIAS refuses to start, with error message “The program can’t start because [Link] is
missing from your computer. Try reinstalling the program to fix this problem.”.
This is an error message from Windows, and indicates that an essential part of the Windows installa-
tion is missing or has become corrupted. This is about "Microsoft Visual C++ 2013 Redistributable" and
(re)installing of this is neccessary: By following this link3 the x86(32 bit) and x64(64 bit) versions can
be installed.

Message that [Link] is missing.

7. The results of a remake of a loading condition differ from those of the original.
Then the two are not exactly the same. What may be omitted in such cases, is for the weight items also to
set the free surface moment type — ‘FSM-type’, as discussed in section 4.12.2 on page 68, Content of the
weight list — the same.
8. I am expected to regularly verify the results of LOCOPIAS. Can’t I leave that out, or can it not be
automated?
No. With the background of LOCOPIAS such a verification is indeed unnecessary, but the regulator still
demands it. Automation goes against the intentions of the regulator, because it is precisely the idea that a
person verifies the program’s correctness.

2 [Link]

lang=en
3 [Link]

© SARC, Bussum, The Netherlands October 4, 2022

Chapter 3

LOCOPIAS Main window

At start-up LOCOPIAS opens with the main window, this is the central point in the software. From here, the loading
condition can be defined, applicable criteria and settings can be chosen and calculations can be invoked.

3.1 Main window layout

A typical example layout of the main window is shown below, with an explanation of the labeled elements right
below that.

Layout of the main window.

1 Menu bar
Basic functionalities are accessible through the menu bar, see Menu bar.
2 Module buttons
These tool bar buttons provide quick access to the main window and available cargo modules to load specific
types of cargo.
3 Main window buttons
These buttons allow manipulation of Conditions, Settings, Output, Check and 2D/3D View.
4 Side-view
Shows the actual wind contour, drafts, actual waterline, line of sight and air draft.
5 Cross section
Shows heeling angle and initial stability (G’M).
3.1 Main window layout 8

6 Compliance windows
These windows indicate compliance with the criteria for the current loading condition. Click on a window
for detailed information.
7 Overview weight groups
A summary of total weight per weight group.
8 Settings window
Shows current settings. Double-click on a setting to change it, or go to the [Settings] (discussed on page 11)
dialog window by clicking the button [Settings].
9 GZ curve
Shows the GZ curve of the specific condition.
10 Drop-down list box
Shows the selected loading condition and you can select another condition.
11 Intact stability diagram
Indicates whether the vessel complies with the intact stability criteria and to what extent. Though the values
for the Actual VCG’ and allowable VCG’ are calculated by LOCOPIAS in a manner which is correct and
normally accepted by class societies, these values have not been checked by Lloyds Register and should
therefore only be used as guidance!

Note

Depending on your installation, some of these elements may not be available.

3.1.1 Menu bar

The menu bar at the top of the main window (item 1 ) gives access to the following functions:
[Setup]  [Print Options]
Select output device. Besides preview/clipboard, (See section 6.3 on page 96, Preview of output to screen,


and export of computation results), the default system printers are listed and can be selected here.
[Setup] [Night colors]
Change the color palette to ‘night mode’

Night colors switched on.

[Edit]  [Edit Weight Groups]

Weight items can be grouped in so-called weight groups, were a weight group is a category of a particular
content, such as ‘diesel oil’ or ‘fresh water’. The weight groups are managed from this location in the
program. The user can add, modify and delete weight groups themselves. When deleting a group, a check is
made to see if there are still weight items of that group, and if there are, a notification is given and it is better
not to delete the group. There are some default weight groups that are fixed in the program and cannot be
changed or deleted. Editable properties are:

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3.2 General approach 9

• The name of the weight group.

• The hatching type which is used when hatching or filling in the compartments in tank sketch plots.
• The group color, which is the color representing this weight group, and which is used in plots, and also
as background color in text windows if the last column of this weight group is set to ‘yes’.
• The text color, which, if the last column is set to ‘yes’, specifies the foreground color in textual overview
windows of the texts which belong to this weight group.
• In table, which indicates whether the weight group color should also be used in overview tables of
compartments and weight items.
• Print summ., which indicates whether in the output only the subtotal should be printed. The calculation
is based on all weight items though.
[Edit]  [Edit cross sections tank graphics]
Go to this menu to add or edit cross sections and views of the tanks. These sections and views are automati-


cally added to the output of intact stability calculations.
[Edit] [Edit cross sections stowage plan]


Go to this menu to add or edit cross sections and views of the stowage plan.
[View] [3D View]


See section 3.7 on page 14, 2D/3D View
[View] [Stowage plan]
The stowage plan can be shown on screen or printed to paper. All cargoes from all available modules are


printed.
[Options] [Select stability criteria]


See section 3.5 on page 12, Check
[Options] [Export data via XML]
Exports the current loading condition to an XML file which can be used to exchange data with third party


software.
[Options] [Environmental conditions]


Gives the ability to simulate running aground.
[Help] [Help reader (F1)]

 
Opens this help reader.
[Help] [Manual] [Ship-specific data and test conditions]


Opens the booklet containing the Ship-specific data and test conditions.
[Help] [About LOCOPIAS]


Opens a window with relevant data with regard to the LOCOPIAS program as well as the license conditions.
[Help] [Not purchased]


Shows a preview of modules which have not been purchased.
[Help] [Enter activation code]
Give an activation code here for modules purchased afterwards. At the moment this is only possible for the
tank measurement system module for specific sytems. Please contact SARC for further details.

3.2 General approach

In general, you can use the following steps to define a loading condition and perform the required calculations.
Please note that this workflow is just one way to get you started, it is not the only possible way to use LOCOPIAS.
All actions can be performed in random order and frequency. The functionalities will be elaborated further in the
remainder of this chapter. This example starts at the main window.

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3.3 Conditions 10

Select the [Conditions] button and create a new condition. When LOCOPIAS is opened for
the first time, the main window shows a preprogrammed example condition. By creating a
new condition, you start with a preprogrammed default condition.

Click the [Settings] button and adjust the settings according to your situation. By adjusting
the settings to the current situation before loading your cargo, useful feedback can be re-
ceived during configuration of the loading condition. Settings are applicable for the current
loading condition.

Go to the [Tanks] module to modify the contents of consumables e.g. fresh water, fuel oil,
lubricating oil.

In the [Weight list], miscellaneous supplies, e.g. crew, provisions and stores can be entered.

Select the appropriate modules for your cargo type and define your cargo.

Open the [Tanks] module again. When all cargo is loaded, the floating position can be
optimized by adding water ballast.

The [Check] button provides a quick check of stability and strength at any moment during
this process.

Press [Output] to perform calculations and generate output on screen or on paper.

Press [2D/3D view] to view a three-dimensional representation of your vessel, if available.

Press [Monitoring] to put LOCOPIAS in active monitoring, if available.

3.3 Conditions
By pressing the [Conditions]-button, the loading conditions menu, as shown in the figure below, will appear. In
this window the defined loading conditions are displayed and can be managed. You can create a new loading
condition and you can delete, rename, copy/paste or export existing conditions. To modify a loading condition,
select a condition and double click on it or press the <enter> key. The main window will now reflect this loading
condition.

Select or create a loading condition.

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3.4 Settings 11

New loading condition

1. Click [New].
2. Enter a new (unique) name for your loading condition.
The new condition is a preprogrammed default condition.
Delete loading condition
1. Select a loading condition.
2. Click [Remove].
Rename loading condition
1. Click on a loading condition and press the functionkey <F2>.
2. Enter a new (unique) name.
Copy/paste a loading condition

1. Click on a loading condition, and press the [Edit] [Copy row].

2. Now select the condition to copy to and click [Edit] [Paste row].
Copy a loading condition and paste it over another loading condition to create a loading condition that has
the same properties. If a specific module has been purchased you can choose to paste the complete condition
or just the cargo defined with the specific module. The newly pasted condition will appear on the main
window, as shown in the figure below.

Choose the data that have to be copied.

Import/export of selected loading condition

Import/export allows transport of data from one LOCOPIAS to another for the same vessel and same version.

1. Press the [File] [Export] to write the selected loading conditions to file.

2. Press the [File] [Import] to select a file of exported loading conditions, to import them into the active
version of LOCOPIAS.

3.4 Settings
All settings that apply to the loading condition can be altered in the settings
menu. By clicking the@latexonly \textsf{[Settings]}\endlatexonly@htmlonly <span class="optie">[Settings]</span>\endhtmlonly-
figure below, opens. It has several tabs which can be selected. These tabs are explained below.

\image html settings_window_en.png "Settings window."

\image latex settings_window_en.png "Settings window." width=0.5\textwidth

Configuration
(Re)configures the vessel. See “Ship-specific data and test conditions” booklet for more information about
the possible configurations.
Draft/Trim
Select the applicable maximum and minimum drafts. If the option [use alternative maximum draft] is selected,
a user-defined draft can be entered. The selected drafts will be displayed in the summary of the loading
condition, with the conclusions for the applicable stability criteria.
Density water
The density (specific weight) can be set and will be stored per loading condition. This density is then used
for all calculations performed with the loading condition.

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3.5 Check 12

Stability requirements
Different intact stability requirements can be available for the vessel depending on the operational sailing
area.
Strength
Different values of maximum allowable bending moments and shear forces can be applicable for a vessel at
sea or in a harbour. If these values are available, the appropriate values can be selected here. The selected
values are also indicated in the output of longitudinal strength.
Anchor handling
This option makes it possible to indicate whether, in addition to the normal stability output, a polar diagram
should be printed which shows the maximum permissible anchor chain angle at each anchor chain angle.
Anchor force still permitted according to the anchor-handling stability requirements. For this purpose it is
no need to assess the loading condition against other than the standard stability criteria.
Line of sight
Depending on the regulations under which the vessel will sail, the line of sight requirements can be adjusted
here.
Trimoptimalisatie
If the module trim optimizationis active, the speed and delta displacement can be set here per loading con-
dition.
Frontpage
It is possible to add a front page to your output. You can select the text lines to be printed and enter free text
as desired (e.g. a voyage number, port of loading, etc.).

3.5 Check
Click the [Check]-button to check that the loading condition complies with the stability and strength requirements.
After clicking the [Check]-button, a window opens with several tabs: overview, stability, strength and damage
stability, if applicable. Compliance with the requirement is indicated by the color of the bullet (complies = green,
does not comply = red). If, for instance, the overview shows a red bullet under intact stability, the corresponding
tab provides more information as to the reason for non-compliance. Note that when the vessel operates under more


than one classification society, the set of damage stability criteria applicable to the loading condition can be set via
the menu bar item [Options] [Select stability criteria]. The intact stability criteria can be set per loading condition
via section 3.4 on page 11, Settings.

Check window.

When the damage stability is selected, press OK. Now the Check window has generated a new tab called
Damage stability. Here you can check whether the damage case complies with the criteria (complies = green, does
not comply = red).

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3.6 Output 13

Check window damage stability tab.

3.6 Output
You can use ‘Output’ to perform full calculations and to make a printout. If the selected printer is ‘pre-
view/clipboard’ the output will appear on screen. To get the output in a preview on screen, see section 6.3 on
page 96, Preview of output to screen, and export of computation results.

Output menu.

The following output options can be available in your version of LOCOPIAS:

Output settings
Select which data is to be printed.
Intact stability
Standard format output of intact stability calculations with an overall conclusion for compliance with appli-
cable stability requirements.
Longitudinal strength
Output of longitudinal strength calculations with an overall conclusion for compliance with selected allow-
able bending moment and shear force requirements.
Torsion moments
Output of torsional moments calculations with an overall conclusion for compliance with defined maximum
allowable torsion moments.
Damage stability
Full output of damage stability calculations of the selected damage cases with an overall conclusion for
compliance with applicable stability requirements.
Damage stability summary
Output of damage stability conclusions of the selected damage cases.
Comprehensive output (Class Report)
Summarized output of all available calculations, with an overall conclusion for compliance with the appli-
cable requirements.

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3.7 2D/3D View 14

Comprehensive output (Class Report)

Output of the standard format of all available calculations (including mandatory damage cases, if applicable)
with a common conclusion in accordance with the requirements.
Test conditions
Output of the test conditions calculations. The output of the test conditions can be compared with the
condition in the “Ship-specific data and test conditions” booklet of the ship. The test conditions should be
regularly verified to ensure that the loading instrument is functioning correctly.
Short output
A summary of the loading condition and a conclusion.

3.7 2D/3D View


This button is only available if a 3D model of the vessel is available. It toggles between side view and three
dimensional view of the hull and cargo. By choosing the menu [View] [3D View] it is possible to edit materials,
colors, and light effects of the 3D representation. The 3D image can be saved to file or sent to a printer.

Main window with 3D view switched on.

3.8 Monitoring
This option is only available when purchased and a connection with a tank gauge system is available. After
selecting the icon for [Monitoring] a settings popup-window, as seen below, will appear. Here you can enter the
time interval which will be used for reading the tank data, calculating the intact stability, longitudinal strength
and damage stability (which is available and selected) and updating all data in the main screen. As long as the
monitoring mode is active, it is not possible to edit loading conditions. This mode can be stopped by selecting the
icon for monitoring again.

Settings for monitoring.

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Chapter 4

Modules

LOCOPIAS can be equipped with modules to define specific weight items in a loading condition. LOCOPIAS for a
specific vessel can be equipped with a selection of modules required for the purpose of the vessel. You can navigate
to the modules by clicking one of the Module buttons (see section 3.1 on page 7, Main window layout, element 2
). Depending on your installation, the following modules are available in LOCOPIAS:

• Tanks
• RoRo cargo
• Containers (pre-2021 version)
• Containers
• Container Lashing
• Dangerous goods (IMDG)
• Grain/bulk
• General cargo
• Crane loading tool
• Hatch
• Weight list
• Damages
• Cargo weight determination
• Damage control
• Quartering and following seas
• Ballast advice
• Trim optimization

4.1 Common operations in modules

The modules with a graphical interface have the following common functions.

4.1.1 Genereral operations

Zoom
Zoom in views and cross sections by using the scroll wheel (third, or middle mouse button).
Pan
Pan in views and cross sections by pressing and holding the scroll wheel.
Select
Standard selection methods in the views:
• Left-click an item to select it.
• Drag selection box to select a series of items.
• <Ctrl+left-click> to toggle the selection status of (multiple)items.
• <Ctrl+A> to select all items.
Edit
Right-click a selected item
4.1 Common operations in modules 16

4.1.2 Verification

In every module the [Check]-button is available to find out if the loading condition com-
plies with requirements for intact stability, and, if applicable, longitudinal strength, torsion
moments, air draft and damage stability. More information about the [Check]-button can be
found in section 3.5 on page 12, Check.

4.1.3 Result windows


You can find the [Window] [Result windows] submenu in the module menu bar (see for example section 4.2 on
page 18, Tanks, element 1 ).

Result windows submenu.

Choose ‘Hydrostatics’, ‘Stability’, ‘Shear forces’, ‘Bending moments’, ‘Weights’, or, if available, ‘Torsion
Moments’ or ‘Trim optimization’ to display the corresponding graph in a separate window. These graphs give
real-time feedback while loading cargo or modifying contents of tanks. The option Default size/position restores
the size and position of the compliance windows to the default size and position.

Stability and strength compliance windows.

4.1.4 Settings
You can find the [Settings] submenu in the module menu bar (see, for example, section 4.9 on page 56, General
cargo, element 1 ).

Draw cargo
Draws the cargo of the loading modules, other than the selected module.
Collision check
Checks if there is a collision between the selected item and the other cargo.

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4.1 Common operations in modules 17

Settings of the cargo module.

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4.2 Tanks 18

4.2 Tanks

In the Tanks module you can manipulate the filling of tanks of the vessel for the loading condition under consid-
eration.
Note

A video1 exists in which the operation of this module is demonstrated.

4.2.1 Layout

Graphical tank filling.

1 Menu bar
Basic functionalities are accessible through the menu bar.
2 Module-buttons
These buttons navigate to other modules, or back to the [Main screen].
3 Function-buttons
Special functions of the tank module.
4 Tank group buttons
Click to display a group of tanks of the same type.
5 List of tanks
Displays the list of tanks of the selected tank group.
6 Tank information
This window gives information of the selected tank. If multiple tanks are selected it gives the following
message: Multiple tanks selected. The window lists the name, weight, volume, center of gravity, etc. of the
selected tank. The center of gravity is calculated from the other input, which can be changed by clicking the
appropriate line. An input box will appear to define the desired value.
7 Track bar
The track bar can be used to change the filling percentage of the selected tank(s).
1 [Link]

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4.2 Tanks 19

8 Section windows
Displays top view, vertical section, and cross section. Active sections show a section of the vessel at the
center of gravity of the selected tank. Fixed sections show sections at predefined locations.
9 Status bar
Gives information about the total weight of the selected tank group and which information is visible in the
graphical tanks.

4.2.2 General approach

1. Select. A tank can be selected by left-clicking a tank in a section window 8 . Tanks can be selected by
clicking near their center of gravity. A selected tank will be hatched black and white in the views. In the
cross section, the actual fluid level in a tank is indicated.
2. Edit. The contents of a tank can be edited by right-clicking a tank after selecting it.
3. Check. The floating position (draft, trim and list) is directly calculated and the vessel is displayed with the
actual waterline in cross section and side view. The values for draft, trim, list and G’M are displayed in the
relevant section window 8 . Hit the Checkbutton to check if the ship’s stability and longitudinal strength
comply with your criteria.

4. Output/Totals. Go to the menu [Output] [Totals] for an overview of total weight of the selected tank group
on screen.

[Link] Select

You can select tanks in one of the ways below. A selected tank is marked by black on white cross-hatching in the
section windows.
• Left-click a tank in the List of tanks-window 5 .
• Left-click a tank in one of the Section windows 8 .
• Select multiple tanks by holding the left mouse button to drag a selection box in one of the Section windows
8 .
• Select all visible tanks by pressing <Ctrl+a>.
• Add or remove a tank to/from a selection by holding Ctrl and clicking the tank in a Section window 8 , or
in the List of tanks-window 5 .

The information of this tank is now shown in de Tank information-window 6 .

[Link] Edit

Once a tank has been selected, there are several ways to edit tank data:
• Double-click a tank in the [List of tanks]-window 5 to open the input form ‘Edit tank data’.
• Right-click a tank in one of the Section windows 8 to open the input form ‘Edit tank data’ of the selected
tank(s). When only one tank is selected, all tank data can be edited. When more than one tank is selected,
only filling percentage and density of the content can be changed.
• Double-click a value in the [Tank information]-window 6 to edit that specific value, see figure below.
• Drag the track bar 7 to change the amount of fluid of the selected tank.
• Drag the surface of the content of a selected tank.

• Double click a tank to empty it or fill it to the maximum filling percentage. Use [Settings] [Filling percent-
ages] from the menu bar to edit the default filling percentage.
• Enter a sounding or ullage. By right-clicking in the Section window 8 , additional fields become available
in the ‘Edit tank data’-window when a sounding pipe has been defined. By entering trim and heeling angle
together with sounding or ullage, the tank volume is calculated according to the sounding data and input for
floating position.
• Pump with track bar. Select two tanks from the same weight group, with the same density and go to [Pump]
in the upright corner. Now the track bar enables you to pump fluid from one tank to another tank.

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4.2 Tanks 20

Edit tank data from List of tanks/Section-windows.

Edit tank data from Tank information.

4.2.3 Menu bar

[Link] Output/Totals


With the [Output] [Totals] option an overview of the weights of the tanks of the selected tank group is presented,
as well as the total weight (at the bottom of the popup box that appears). By the way, the total weight of the selected
weight group is always printed in the status bar 9 of this module.

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4.2 Tanks 21

[Link] Options

With this option tanks can be selected of which the data must be read from the tank measuring system.

[Link] Settings

In [Settings] you can find an option ‘Filling percentages’, an option for displaying graphical tank information
and an option to select the color of the tanks; individually or per tank group. Under [Settings] it is also possible


to show all tanks of the same weight group in the color of that tank group by enabling the setting in the menu
[Settings] [Tank colours per weight group setting].

[Link] Result windows

See section 4.1.3 on page 16, Result windows.

4.2.4 Function buttons

[Link] Sensor reading

With this option the tank volumes, and possibly other data, are automatically read from the tank measurement
system which is used on board.

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4.2 Tanks 22

[Link] Pump

With this option the contents of a tank can be pumped from one tank to another of the same tank group. First select
two tanks of the same tank group (with a selection-window or with <Ctrl>), then select the option [Pump] from the
Function-buttons. Now it is possible to pump the fluid with the trackbar. In the Tank information window the data
of one of these tanks will be displayed. During pumping the total volume of the contents will remain the same.

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4.3 RoRo cargo 23

4.3 RoRo cargo

The RoRo cargo module is intended to perform loading operations on RoRo cargo. The weight and center of
gravity are automatically included in the calculation results of the loading condition. RoRo cargo can be positioned
on all defined RoRo decks. RoRo cargo stowage plans and loading lists can be printed.

• Collision checking with other (positioned) cargo, deck outline and other defined deck obstructions.
• Integrated (user maintainable) database for storage of frequently occurring cargo items.
• Cargo can be rotated and stacked.
• Check of available deck height and maximum deck load.
• Output of stowage plan and lists of RoRo cargo.
• RoRo cargo positioned outside the basic ship wind contour is automatically included in the wind contour of
the vessel.

4.3.1 Layout

RoRo-module layout.

1 Menu bar
Basic tools are accessible through the menu bar
2 Module buttons
These buttons navigate to another module, or back to the [Main screen]
3 Function buttons
These buttons represent main functions of the [RoRo]-module
4 RoRo-cargo list
This window displays name, weight, and port of discharge of the cargo which is not (yet) loaded.
5 Cargo info
Shows information of cargo selected in visible ports window.
6 Cross section
Displays actual cross section indicated with a red line in top view.
7 Deck buttons
Select the deck to be displayed in the top view.

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4.3 RoRo cargo 24

8 Top view
Displays the top view of the selected deck.
9 Marker
Indicates the position of the cross section.

4.3.2 General approach

1. Define ports. All relevant ports must be defined. This way it is possible to get an overview which is sorted
by port.
2. Database RoRo cargo. The type of RoRo cargo can be defined. This way you can pre-define the measure-
ments, vertical center of gravity(VCD), transverse center of gravity (TCG), longitudinal center of gravity
(LCG) and the maximum and minumum moments of certain types of cargo.
3. Define RoRo cargo. Now a list of cargo must be compiled.

4. Load RoRo cargo. Under the menu [View] [Ports] you can choose the ports from which you want to load
cargo.
5. Edit RoRo cargo. You can move, rotate, discharge or delete cargo and or measure distances on deck.

6. Check. Use the Stability/Strength diagrams under [Window] [Result windows] and the [Check]-button to
verify the loading condition.
7. Output. The list of RoRo cargo can be sorted and printed.

[Link] Define ports


Go to the menu [Input] [Ports], add ports by clicking ‘Insert’ or ‘New’, remove ports by clicking ‘Remove’. A
color can be assigned to each port to indicate the port of discharge.

Input ports-window.

[Link] Database RoRo cargo

The built-in Database of RoRo cargo can be used to define frequently used RoRo cargo, such as standard vehicles.


Up to 100 standard items can be defined to simplify RoRo cargo definition. You can adjust the database by selecting
the menu [Input] [Database RoRo cargo]. Changing an item in the database does not affect earlier defined RoRo
cargo. Changing the properties of RoRo cargo defined by use of the database does not affect the standard item in
the database. Min W. and Max W are input weight restrictions for RoRo cargo items which are defined using this
type.

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4.3 RoRo cargo 25

RoRo database.

[Link] Define RoRo cargo


Go to the menu [Input] [RoRo cargo] to open the list of RoRo cargo. Add a new row to the table by clicking new
or insert, then do one of the following:
1. Load an item from the database by clicking in the type-column, or clicking [Type] in the menu bar and select
a type from the database. Dimensions of cargo items from the database cannot be altered and weight is
restricted to values applicable to that type, unless you first unlock the item with the [Unlock] function in the
menu bar.
2. Create a new RoRo cargo item by clicking in the ID name-column and enter a name. Now you can specify
all characteristics, including the dimensions of the cargo, the Type-cell remains empty.

[Link] Load RoRo cargo


1. Select visible ports of loading from the menu [View] [Ports].
2. Select a command. Click [Load]-button 3 .
3. The first piece of cargo is automatically selected, but you can also select a different cargo item in the RoRo-
cargo list 4 .
4. Select the deck to be loaded with the [Deck]-buttons 7 .
5. Click and hold the left mouse button in the top view window 8 , the cargo is now connected to the cursor
and can be moved around on deck, on release of the left mouse button, the cargo is loaded on the deck.
6. The next item in the list is automatically selected.

While loading, automatic checks are performed for free height over deck, positioning within deck contours,


and intersections with other cargo items on deck. Furthermore, you can choose to see cargo from other modules in
the view window by enabling the option [Settings] [Draw cargo]. The function ‘Collision check’ verifies if there

 
is a conflict between RoRo cargo and cargo from other modules. The function can be enabled or disabled under
[Settings] [Collision check]. To show the lashing points, go to [Settings] [Show lashing points]

[Link] Edit RoRo cargo

Double click a cargo item in the [RoRo cargo]-list 4 , or right-click an item in the top view 8 , to open the
[Modify data]-window. Here, you can edit data and unlock a database-item as explained above.

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4.3 RoRo cargo 26

Modify RoRo data-window.

To edit the positioning of a RoRo item, use the function buttons 3 :

Move
Use this function to shift cargo on deck in the top view.
Discharge
Use this function to discharge items back to the list of RoRo cargo 4 . Click the [Discharge]-button 3 and


select a deck, now left-click in the top view 9 to discharge items back to the list of RoRo cargo 4 . You
can also discharge all positioned cargo from all decks at once by choosing [Options] [Discharge all].
Delete


Use this function to permanently remove cargo from the vessel, without placing it back in the cargo list,
click the [Delete]-button 3 . To permanently delete all positioned cargo, go to [Options] [Delete all].
Rotate
Use this function to rotate cargo items. Click the [Rotate]-button 3 . The position of the center of gravity
and the angle are automatically calculated in the stability results of the loading condition.
Measure
Use this function to measure the distance between two points in the top view.

[Link] Check

Before printing output, you can check the loading condition [Check]. For information about the Check function
see section 3.5 on page 12, Check.

[Link] Output

Under the [Output] menu you can choose output of loaded cargo sorted by port of loading, port of discharge, deck,
ID number, ID name. You can also print an overview of unloaded cargo sorted by ID number, or ID name. Finally,
it is possible to print a cargo plan, showing a view of the loaded cargo on each deck.

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4.3 RoRo cargo 27

Output cargo plan per deck.

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4.4 Containers (pre-2021 version) 28

4.4 Containers (pre-2021 version)

Attention

In 2021, this module has been replaced by a brand new container module, which is discussed in the next
section.

The container loading module is designed to define a particular container loading. LOCOPIAS updates the situation
and informs you about the consequences for the vessel. This module is essential for vessels with a significant
container capacity. It allows for the interactive positioning of containers of any size, and contains numerous loading
options, amongst which electronic data exchange. Some highlights of this module are:

• The module is founded upon a 3-D representation of container distribution. It allows the user to show any
desired combination of rows, bays and tiers, and to work in a sequence and orientation selected by the user.
• Suitable for all kinds of containers. The module has no restrictions at all with regard to the container type
(20’, 30’, 40’, 45’, 48’, 52’ or every other length, with random breadth and height of each container) or loading
combination. (refrigerated containers are also supported).
• Drawings and lists of container loading details, either sorted by bay, row or tier.
• At any desired moment, stability or strength particulars can be evaluated and verified against the relevant
criteria.
• Alarm on exceeding maximum stack load.
• Only consistent container loading is accepted. For instance, containers can only be placed where the slots
underneath are also occupied.
• Database management functions for import and export of container data and loading conditions.
• Integrates seamlessly with LOCOPIAS’ line of sight module.
• Container cargo positioned above deck is automatically included in the calculation of the wind contour of the
vessel.

Note

A video2 exists in which the operation of this module is demonstrated.

Loading, moving or discharging

To load, move or discharge containers, make sure you have selected a function button 3 . Otherwise
LOCOPIAS will not respond to your command.

4.4.1 Layout
A typical layout of the [Containers]-module is shown below. Its elements are labeled with a number and described
underneath.
2 [Link]

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4.4 Containers (pre-2021 version) 29

Container module.

1 Menu bar
Basic functionalities are accessible through the menu bar.
2 Module-buttons
These buttons navigate to another module, or back to the [Main screen].
3 Function buttons
Main functions of the [Container]-module.
4 List of containers
Displays the containers that match the view options selected from the [View] menu.
5 Container information
Shows the properties of a selected container, this can be a loaded container or a container in the list of
containers 4 . Container information in this window can be edited by double-clicking it.
6 Section windows
These windows show the layout of the bay, row and tier of the selected container (slot) as well as trim, draft,
heeling angle, GM and actual waterline.
7 Container type/kind buttons
With these buttons you can select the container type you want to load or discharge.
8 Status bar
Gives information about the selected container slot and ports.

4.4.2 General approach

There are three ways to load containers with the Container-module. You can load a new container with the New-
button, you can create a list of containers and load these with the [Load]-button, or you can use a BAPLIE file, see
section [Link] on page 32, BAPLIE. In general, the following approach can be used:
1. Select. You can select (multiple) containers as well as empty container slots.
2. Load. It is possible to load new containers, to load containers from the list of containers or to read a BAPLIE
file (Selection of slots is not necessary when reading a BAPLIE file).
3. Edit. After loading, you can edit the data of a container, discharge a container, switch a container from one
container slot to another, discharge a container to the quay or permanently delete a container.

4. Check results and create output. Use the [Check]-button, or the [Window] [Result windows] windows to
verify your loading condition, then print the output
5. Output.

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4.4 Containers (pre-2021 version) 30

[Link] Select

You can select a container (or container slot) in one of these ways:
• Left-click a container in the List of containers 4 .
• Left-click a container or slot in one of the Section windows 6 .
To select multiple containers or container slots, activate a function-button and perform one of the following
tasks:

• <Ctrl + left-click> in a Section window 6 .

• <Ctrl + a> to select all containers or slots in the Section window 6 .
• Drag cursor to create a selection box.
• <Ctrl + selection box> to add a group of containers to your selection.

[Link] Load

Use this function to directly create a new container. You can left-click a selected slot to
create and load a container with the same properties as the previously loaded container.

Use this function to load containers from the list of containers:


1. Go to the menu [Input] [Ports] to enter ports, and optionally a specific color.

2. Choose the menu [Input] [Containers] to enter container data.
3. Under the menu [View] you can choose which containers you want to see in the ‘list
of containers’ window. This way you can make a list of the containers you want to
load, based on container length, type, and port of loading.
4. Click the [Load]-button and select a slot, now left-click the selected slot to load a con-


tainer from the list. Note that it is not possible to place a container in a slot when there
are not enough containers under the slot. You can go to the menu [Settings] [Check
loading/discharging] to turn off this check and load in random order. Green indicators
under the container slots (in the views 6 ) turn red when the maximum loading is
exceeded. To load multiple (new) containers, see section [Link] on the current page,
Multiple containers.


You can also load entire bays, row, or tiers under the menu [Options] [loading options].

[Link] Edit

To open the [Edit container data] form, you can right-click on a loaded container or double-click a container in the


list of containers. To edit multiple containers, see the section about ‘Multiple containers’ below. You can select
the fill color of the containers under the menu [Settings] [Color container].

Use this function to discharge containers from the vessel. Activate the [Discharge] button
and left-click a selected slot to discharge the containers. The discharged containers be-


come available for loading again in the list of containers. You can also go to the menu
[Options] [Discharge] to discharge per row, bay or tier, or to discharge the entire ship at
once.

Use this function to delete containers permanently from the vessel. Click the [Delete] button
to remove a selected container from the vessel, the container cannot be loaded again.

[Link] Multiple containers

Activate a function button and create a multiple selection in one of the section windows as explained above in
section [Link] on this page, Select. Now right-click to open the ‘multiple containers’-window and choose an
action. The following menu will pop up:

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4.4 Containers (pre-2021 version) 31

Multiple containers window.

4.4.3 Menu bar

[Link] Input

In the [Input] submenu the following options are available:

[Containers]
Here you can insert containers with certain specifications. It is also possible to copy/paste from Excel in this
list.
[Ports]
Here you can insert the ports where the vessel will load and discharge containers. It is also possible to add a
color to a port, this can help to organize the containers.

[Link] Output

In the [Output] submenu the following options are available:

[Loaded containers]
This window shows the number of loaded containers and the weight per type, as well as the total weight of
the loaded containers.

Output of loaded containers.

[List of containers]
Standard format output of container list with detailed container information.
[Load/discharge-list]
An overview of loaded/discharged containers per port.
[Bay plan]
Selected bay(s) will be printed according to the print settings.
[Tier plan]
Selectect tier(s) will be printed according to the print settings.

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4.4 Containers (pre-2021 version) 32

[Link] BAPLIE

With the BAPLIE option, you can read and write container data files with the BAPLIE-format (up till version 3.1).
After reading a data file, it is possible that there are errors in the file and that some containers cannot be loaded.
You can check these containers with the option ‘Not loaded containers’.

Dropdown menu options BAPLIE.

With the option ‘Input data file’ you can enter the data for writing a BAPLIE file, see figure below. These data
will be stored in a file.
Attention

LOCOPIAS will only read those data which will be used in LOCOPIAS itself (see input containers menu) and
write the data which will be available in LOCOPIAS. This means that after reading and writing a BAPLIE-file,
some data will be lost.

Menu input BAPLIE file.

[Link] Result windows

See section 4.1.3 on page 16, Result windows.

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4.5 Containers 33

4.5 Containers

The container loading module is designed to define a particular container loading. LOCOPIAS updates the situ-
ation and informs you about the consequences for the vessel. This module is essential for vessels with a significant
container capacity. It allows for the interactive positioning of containers of any size, and contains numerous loading
options, amongst which electronic data exchange. Some highlights of this module are:

• The module is founded upon a 3D representation of container distribution. It allows the user to show any
desired combination of rows, bays and tiers, and to work in a sequence and orientation selected by the user.
• Suitable for all kinds of containers. The module has no restrictions at all with regard to the container type
(20’, 30’, 40’, 45’, 48’, 52’ or every other length, with random breadth and height of each container) or loading
combination. Refrigerated containers are also supported.
• Drawings and lists of container loading details.
• At any desired moment, stability or strength particulars can be evaluated and verified against the relevant
criteria.
• Only consistent container loading is accepted.
• Database management functions for import and export of container data and loading conditions.
• Integrates seamlessly with LOCOPIAS’ line of sight module.
• Container cargo positioned above deck is automatically included in the calculation of the wind contour of the
vessel.
• Integrated with LOCOPIAS’ IMDG verification tool (dangerous goods).

Loading, moving or discharging

To load, move or discharge containers, make sure you have selected a function button 3 . Otherwise
LOCOPIAS will not respond to your command.

4.5.1 Layout
A typical layout of the [Containers]-module is shown below. Its elements are labeled with a number and described
underneath. The slots are generated automatically according to the type of container that is to be loaded.

Container module.

1 Menu bar
Basic functionalities are accessible through the menu bar.

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4.5 Containers 34

2 Module-buttons
These buttons navigate to another module, or back to the [Main screen].
3 Function buttons
Main functions of the [Container]-module.


4 Containerlist
Displays the containers that match the view options selected from the [Containerlist..] [View] menu. You
can choose between loaded, not loaded and all containers. It is also possible to copy/paste from Excel in this
list.
5 3D View
3D view of the full vessel.
6 Loading view
This is the main work window of the container module. All the functions (new, load, move, discharge,
delete) happen through this window.
7 Section windows
These windows show the layout of the bay, row and tier of the selected container as well as trim, draft,
heeling angle, GM and actual waterline.
8 Status bar
Gives information about the selected container slot and ports.
9 Container type/code button
With these button you can select the container type you want to load.
10 Navigation Lines
The navigation lines are present only in the Section windows 7 . Right-clicking in any of the Section
windows will update the views. You can also left-click and drag the black dots.

Note

The bays and rows are always visible. The tiers are drawn when containers are loaded. For the tier numbering,
see section [Link] on page 36, Tier numbering.

4.5.2 General approach

There are three ways to load containers with the Container module. You can load a new container with the [New]-
button, you can create a list of containers and load these with the [Load]-button, or you can use a BAPLIE file, see
section [Link] on page 37, BAPLIE. In general, the following approach can be used:
1. section [Link] on this page, Select. You can select (multiple) containers.
2. section [Link] on the next page, Load.
3. section [Link] on the following page, Edit. After loading, you can edit the data of a container, discharge
a container, switch a container from one container slot to another, discharge a container to the quay or
permanently delete a container.

4. Check results and create output. Use the [Check]-button, or the [Window] [Result windows] windows to
verify your loading condition, then print the output.
5. section [Link] on page 37, Output.

[Link] Select

You can select a container in one of these ways:

• Left-click a container in the List of containers 4 .
• Left-click a container in the Loadview 6 or any one of the Section windows 7 . All the function buttons
have to be unpressed in order to select.
To select multiple loaded containers, drag cursor in one of the Section windows 7 to create a selection box.
You can then right-click and choose your action from the options available. See also section [Link] on the follow-
ing page, Multiple containers. A selected container is highlighted white.

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[Link] Load

Use this function to directly create a new container. You will immediately see the available
slots drawn in yellow in the Loadview 6 and Section windows 7 . The type/code of the
new container is determined from 9 . You can then left-click in the Loadview 6 on a
green slot to position the new container. You cannot position a container in the Section
views 7 . To load multiple new containers at once, see section [Link] on the current page,
Multiple containers.

Use this function to load containers from the list of containers:


1. Go to the menu [Ports] [Input ports] to enter ports, and optionally a specific color.
2. You can add new containers of type as defined in 9 by pressing [New] in the Menu
bar.
3. Edit any container data. You can also copy-paste and/or edit multiple containers at
once.
4. Click the [Load]-button. You will immediately see the available slots drawn in yellow
in the Loadview 6 and Section windows 7 . You can left-click in the Loadview 6
on a green slot to position the container.

Green indicators under the loaded containers in the Section views 7 turn red when the maximum loading is
exceeded. You can zoom in and check the limits. To load using a BAPLIE file, see section [Link] on page 37,
BAPLIE.
Note

For the selected type of container to be loaded, you will immediately see yellow slots drawn. If you do not
see slots drawn then:
• If the vessel is equipped with initial castings and the option [Initial castings] is checked in the [Settings]
menu, then there are no available slots for the selected container type .
• The vessel is not equipped with initial castings.
In both situations you can still place the container on the bottom, whether with [Placement Assist] (if checked)
or freely ([Initial castings] and [Placement Assist] unchecked). After the lowest container has been positioned,
the castings will be automatically used for the higher tiers.

[Link] Edit

To open the [Edit container data] form, you can right-click on a selected loaded container. To edit multiple contain-
ers, see section [Link] on the current page, Multiple containers.

Use this function to discharge containers from the vessel. Activate the [Discharge] button
and left-click on the Loadview 6 to discharge the containers. The discharged containers


become available for loading again in the list of containers. You can also go to the menu
[Discharge Options] [Discharge All] and select ‘Discharge to containerlist’ to discharge the
entire ship at once.

Use this function to delete containers permanently from the vessel. Click the [Delete] button


and left-click on the Loadview 6 to delete the container from the vessel, the container
cannot be loaded again. You can also go to the menu [Discharge Options] [Discharge All]
and select ‘Delete containers’ to empty the entire ship at once.

[Link] Multiple containers

You can load new or edit multiple containers in any one of the Section views 7 .

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4.5 Containers 36

[Link].1 Load new containers

While [New] button is pressed, double-click right mouse button to load the lowest tier. The specific tier to be loaded
depends on which Section view was clicked.

Load new multiple containers in bayview.

[Link].2 Edit containers

Drag cursor in any one of the Section views 7 to create a selection box. You can also hold the CTRL (Control)
button and left-click on containers. The following menu will pop up after right-click:

Multiple containers window.

[Link] Tier numbering

The tier numbering is done according to ISO standards. The tiers start with "02" with the height of an 8 1/2
ft standard container and rise with even numbers for each container height. Tiers on deck start with "82" and
rise with even numbers above the hatch covers. Half-height containers are marked with odd numbers. Therefore
containers at the same height above the keel have the same tier specification. High-cube containers are treated as
standard.

4.5.3 Menu bar

[Link] Settings

In the [Settings] submenu the following options are available:

[Initial castings]
You can enable/disable the bottom castings, if the vessel is equipped with them.
[Placement Assist]
Placement Assist aids in container positioning. The positions add up automatically to accomodate stacking.
It is useful in vessels where there are no initial castings. If [Placement Assist] is off, then you can move and
place the container freely.
[Show higher tier slots]
When loading a container, the actual selected slot is always the lowest one. You can enable/disable the
display of the rest here.
[Include stacking at extreme ends for types A-P]
Container types A-P have additional castings, which can generate additional available slot positions. You
can enable/disable the use of these additional castings here.
[Edit container spacer]
Here you can edit the container spacer. You can choose different spacers for different sections of the vessel.

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4.5 Containers 37

[Unit longitudinal axis]

Here you can choose your default axis; you can choose between 20ft, 40ft, single bays, frame numbers and
meters.
[Color containers]
Here you can select to color the containers according to port of loading, port of shift, port of discharge or
type.
[Output print data]
Here you can select what is displayed on the containers.
[Draw cargo]
Here you can select to display all other cargo from other modules.
[Collision check]
Here you can select to check for collision with other cargo upon positioning the container.

[Link] Ports

In the [Ports] submenu the following options are available:

[Input ports]
Here you can insert the ports where the vessel will load and discharge containers. It is also possible to add a
color to a port, this can help to organize the containers.

[Link] Output

In the [Output] submenu the following options are available:

[List of containers]
Standard format output of container list with detailed container information.

[Link] BAPLIE

With the BAPLIE option, you can read and write container data files with the BAPLIE-format (up till version 3.1).
After reading a data file, the containers will be automatically loaded. It is possible that there are errors in the file
and that some containers cannot be loaded. They will then show up in the Containerlist 4 .

Dropdown menu options BAPLIE.

With the option ‘Import’ you can enter the data for writing a BAPLIE file, see figure below. These data will be
stored in a file.

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Attention

LOCOPIAS will only read those data which will be used in LOCOPIAS itself (see input containers menu) and
write the data which will be available in LOCOPIAS. This means that after reading and writing a BAPLIE-file,
some data will be lost.

Menu input BAPLIE file.

[Link] Result windows

See section 4.1.3 on page 16, Result windows.

[Link] Containerlist

In the [Containerlist] submenu the following options are available:

Dropdown menu options Containerlist.

[View]
You can choose what list you will see in the Containerlist window 4 . If you choose [Loaded] and then
select a container from the Containerlist, it will be highlighted in the 3D View 5 and the Section windows
7 . However, the function buttons 3 will not respond. Option [All] opens in a new window.
[Filter containerlist]
You can choose to see only a selected type of containers, filtering by any of the 4-code digits. For example,
4∗∗∗ will show all the 40ft containers, or ∗∗R∗ will show all the refrigerated containers. The filter can be
used in all views: loaded, not loaded or all. To reset the filter, type ∗∗∗∗.

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4.5 Containers 39

[Sort containerlist]
You can sort the containerlist according to the selected column.
[Find containerlist]
You can find a specific container through its ID.

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4.6 Container Lashing 40

4.6 Container Lashing

Attention

This module is an extension exclusive to the container module.

Note

For the implementation of the lashing results a software development kit from DNV3 called Stowlash is used,
fully integrated in LOCOPIAS. The forces and accelerations are calculated according to the DNV compliance
rules. The Stowlash 3D approach uses a 3D finite element calculation model, where each stack is treated
separately without interaction.

4.6.1 Layout
The lashing "mode" can be activated by pressing the [Lash on/off] on the top right of the container module. You
can switch off the lashing mode by clicking on the button again. When the button is pressed, you can click on a
20’ or 40’ bay on a hatch. Such a bay can be fully or partially filled, whether only by 20’, 40’ or a mix of both.
When clicking on a loaded bay, you enter the lashing module window. A typical layout of the lashing module is
shown below. Its elements are labeled with a number and described underneath.

Lashing module.

1 Menu bar
Basic functionalities are accessible through the menu bar.
2 Module-buttons
This button navigates back to the [Container]-module.
3 Function buttons
Main functions of the Lashing module.
4 2D View
This is the main working window of the lashing module. All the functions happen through this window.
5 3D View
3D view of the selected baystack.
6 Results window
The acceleration results are shown here. You can double-click on a container to see them. They are auto-
matically updated. If the accelerations do not comply, they will be written in red.

4.6.2 General approach

The basic entity of the lashing module is the "baystack", which is a set of any one type of container, or a combina-
tion of types, depending on their positioning in the bay on a hatch. The accepted container types are:
3 [Link]

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4.6 Container Lashing 41

• For length : 20’, 23’, 30’, 35’, 40’, 43’, 45’, 48’, 49’, 53’ or ’2’, ’B’, ’3’, ’4’, ’H’, ’L’, ’M’, ’N’, ’P’ first
digit ISO code.
• For height : 8’, 8’6”, 9’, 9’6” or ’0’, ’1’, ’2’, ’3’, ’4’, ’5’ second digit ISO code.
The 2D window 4 is for all the functions - make new lashing connections, remove existing ones, copy/paste,
create or remove equalizing devices and so on. By default, the synchronized lashing front and aft is enabled. The
synchronized side is completely identical to the mastering side for all the functions described below. Any action
on one side is automatically applied to the other one. Synchronized lashing can be disabled in the Settings in 1 .
If synchronized lashing is disabled, you can easily switch through aft and fore view to work independently.
The forces and accelerations are calculated automatically after each function (new/remove/copy/paste) for
every container and its lashing connections. You can view the results either in the "Output" in the menubar in
1 for all the containers in the baystack, or separately for each container by selecting it. The module has pre-
programmed maximum values provided by DNV4 . These values cannot be modified. The only modifiable values
are the safe working loads (SWL) for the castings and the twistlocks, which can be found in the Settings in 1 .

Strength limits for compliance.

If any the forces does not comply with the aforementioned limits, the container will be drawn red in the 3D
view in 5 . When the non-complying container is selected, then the results window 6 will highlight in red the
exceeding values. The 2D window in 4 will show a few more details, as shown below:
• if a lashing force doesn’t comply, the lashing connection will be red.
• if the racking force doesn’t comply, a red arrow will be drawn pointing right for PS wind, left for SB wind
or both ways for both cases.
• if the lifting force doesn’t comply, a red arrow will be drawn pointing upwards.
4 [Link]

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Non-compliance for racking and lashing forces.

4.6.3 Main functions

Use this function to switch between front and aft view. The 3D window rotates accordingly.
The current viewing side is the mastering side and is noted on the top left of the window 4
.

Use this function to create a new lash. Left-click and hold on or around a casting corner.
The new lash will immediately appear connected to the closest lashing plate. You can move
the mouse pointer to the desired lashing plate and then release left-click mouse button. The
new lashing is now established.

Use this function to delete an existing lashing connection. Hover over and highlight the
candidate connection, then left-click to remove it.

Use this function to create a new equalizing device. Move the cursor close to the desired
connection plate and left-click to raise an equalizing device. Two new connection plates are
now generated from a single plate, allowing for two lashings to be connect to a single point.
The equalizing device will automatically rotate according to the lashing angles.

Use this function to remove an existing equalizing device. Any lashings that are connected
to it will be automatically removed.

4.6.4 Additional functions

[Link] Route specific reduction factors

The lashing module allows for route specific reduction factors of transverse accelerations for the calculations. The
user can set a specific route, or a custom reduction factor in the Settings in 1 .

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4.6 Container Lashing 43

Route specific reduction factors.

[Link] Select

• You can select a lashing connection by left-clicking on or around the lashing’s casting corner. The selected
lashing will turn green.
• You can select a container and see its resulting forces and accelerations in 6 by double-clicking the left
mouse button. The selected container will turn gray. If you want to deselect, double-click anywhere outside
the baystack.

[Link] Edit lash properties

Lashing properties.

You can right-click on a selected lashing connection and select "Edit lash properties" in the Lashing options the
menu. In this window you can choose any from the available lash types. You can also change its diameter or elastic
(Young’s) modulus. The length and the angle are automatically calculated and cannot be edited.

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[Link] Copy/Paste lashing connection

Copy/paste lashing connection.

You can right-click on a selected lashing connection and select "Copy lashing" in the Lashing options menu.
This will create a copy of the selected lashing, mainly its orientation and properties. Then you can right-click
on or around the new casting corner, right-click and select "Paste lashing" or "Paste mirrored". The new lashing
connection will be adjusted to the paste selection. In case there are insufficient connection plates to complete the
paste, a message will pop up.
Note

You only have to copy once. You can then paste (or paste mirrored) for any number of times.

4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG)

The IMO is a United Nations specialised agency which has developed international legislation dealing with two key
issues for the maritime industry:

• The safety of life at sea.

• Prevention of pollution from ships.

To this end the IMO has, among other things, drawn up two international conventions to address these issues:

• The SOLAS Convention (covering safety of life at sea).

• The MARPOL Convention (covering pollution prevention).

To supplement the principles laid down in the SOLAS and MARPOL Conventions, the IMO developed the In-
ternational Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code. The IMDG code contains detailed technical specifications to
enable dangerous goods to be transported safely over sea by vessel and is intended to protect crew members and
to prevent marine pollution. The IMDG Code became mandatory for adoption by SOLAS signatory states from 1st
January 2004.

Attention

This module is an extension to the container module, the bulk cargo module and/or the RoRo module. In
order to use this module, some ship specific data relating to the IMDG must be defined beforehand. This
includes information about geometry and position of holds, bulkheads and decks, heat sources, ignition
sources, accommodation, etc.

Note

CTU stands for Cargo Transport Unit. A container of a certain type and size is a CTU.
This manual is not an IMDG course. Knowledge of IMDG is assumed.

4.7.1 Layout
A typical layout of a loading module including the extension with IMDG dangerous goods is shown below. Most
of the elements are already described for the module to which the IMDG extension has been added. The elements
relating to the IMDG extension are numbered and described below.

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4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG) 45

Container module including IMDG extension

1 Toolbar options
For IMDG relevant toolbar options are:
• [IMDG] An activation code can be entered here, which is required to be able to work with the IMDG
database.
• [Input] Here containers to be loaded can be defined and relevant properties with respect to IMDG can
be specified. From this menu, the UN substances list of the CTUs can be created and edited for each
CTU. See Input of IMDG UN substances.
2 Container information
The properties of the selected container are displayed in this window. A number of properties are relevant
for the IMDG extension. [CST] (Certified Safe Type) [Container Code]5 [Substances] (IMDG). Editing of
the UN substances list of the selected container.
3 4 5 Section windows
These windows show a section of respectively selected Tier, Bay and Row. If a line is selected in the IMDG
info window 6 , then the reference CTU (1st column) is shown in bright red in these section views. If the
line contains an incompatible CTU (2nd column), this CTU is highlighted in dark red. In this case, the the
prohibited zone (according to IMDG [Link] table of segregation of containers on board containerships with
closed cargo holds) is drawn in the section windows around the reference container. To comply with the
IMDG, the incompatible container is not allowed inside this prohibited zone.
6 IMDG information window
This window shows per CTU (if it contains UN substances) a line of information on whether the segregation
requirements within this CTU are met [[Link]], whether the CTU meets the stowage requirements applica-
ble to this CTU [[Link]] and whether the position of the CTU is permitted according to the "document of
compliance" belonging to the vessel [DOC.O.C.]. In addition, for each pair of containers (in case they both
contain UN substances) a line of information with the required segregation [[Link]] and whether this
segregation requirement between the containers themselves is met [[Link]]. Selecting a line will display a
popup with multiple tabs with detailed information on segregation and stowage.

4.7.2 Compliance with IMDG

For the implementation of the IMDG code in LOCOPIAS a toolkit (DLL) from the UK based company "Exis
Technologies" is used. They have various tools (both stand-alone applications and online web-based), with which
they serve various (large) maritime container shippers / carriers. The toolkit contains an extended database with
5 [Link]

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4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG) 46

all IMDG substance information (dangerous goods list) as well as various procedures to request all kinds of seg-
regation and stowage information and has been fully integrated in LOCOPIAS. Exis will keep their toolkit up to
date with the latest amendment, thus ensuring LOCOPIAS can always be equipped with the latest version of the
IMDG code. The IMDG Code is evolving and is updated every two years to take account of:
• New dangerous goods which have to be included.
• New technology and methods of working with or handling dangerous goods.
• Safety concerns which arise as a result of experience.
In addition to a license for the IMDG module in LOCOPIAS, an annual subscription is required to be able to
work with the Exis database. Current Version: Amendment 40-20
Below IMDG "stowage comments" are checked by LOCOPIAS:
• On or under deck / On deck / Prohibited.
• Contains both on-deck-only and under-deck-only items.
• On deck in closed CTU or under deck in closed CTU.
• On deck only in closed CTU.
• On deck in closed CTU or under deck.
• Open units must be stowed under deck.
• SW2 Clear of living quarters.
• SW5 If under deck, stow in a mechanically ventilated space.
• Not to be transported in closed CTUs. Long international voyages are authorized only with the approval of
the competent authority.
• Not to be stowed within a horizontal distance of 6m from potential sources of ignition.
• Stow not less than a horizontal distance of 12m from living quarters, life-saving appliances and areas with
public access, and not closer to the ship’s side than a distance equal to one eighth of the beam or 2.4 m,
whichever is the lesser.
• When on deck shall be stowed at least 2.4m (container ships) or 3m (other cases) from any potential source
of ignition.
• SW3 Shall be transported under temperature control.
• SW1 Protected from sources of heat.
• SW11 Cargo transport units shall be shaded from direct sunlight. Packages in cargo transport units shall be
stowed so as to allow for adequate air circulation throughout the cargo.
Below segregation requirements are checked by LOCOPIAS:
• Class and subrisk segregation of 7.2.4
• Segregation groups of 7.2.5 and [Link]
• Segregation exceptions of 7.2.6
• Segregation of class 1 of 7.2.7 including the exceptions of [Link]
• SG codes of 7.2.8
• Limited and excepted quantites of 3.4 and 3.5
• Exemptions in the special provisions of 3.3 and the packing instructions of 4.1.

4.7.3 Input of IMDG CTUs and UN substances

Input of CTUs


Via [Input] [ containers] you will find the menu above, where CTUs can be defined. Columns related to the IMDG
module are explained below.

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4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG) 47

Substances
A list of UN substances can be specified for each CTU. The substances have a unique number (UN number)
and name (PSN). This list can be edited/viewed from this column, but also directly in the graphical interface,
when editing the container data.
CST
For a CTU it can be specified whether it is of the so-called Certified Safe Type. This has an impact on a
number of stowage requirements.
Note

Certified Safe Type: For cargo spaces, refer to SOLAS II-2/19.3.2 and for refrigerated or heated cargo
transport units refer to Recommendations published by the International Electrotechnical Commission,
in particular IEC 60079.

[Link] Input of IMDG UN substances

Substances in a CTU can be specified or edited by double-clicking the [substance] column in the IMDG input UN
substances menu. The conclusion line at the bottom of the screen shows directly whether there are conflicts in the
CTU (does not comply). Below is a brief description of each column.

Entering UN substances into a CTU

UN no.
Here you can enter the UN number of the substance.
Substances
A substance can also be searched by name. Type in the first character or part of the name, followed by
[enter]. An alphabetical list of all UN substances will then be displayed, with the selection on the closest
found substance.
IEO
Include, Exclude or Override. Here you can specify the following properties of a substance.
• Includes: the substance is included in the CTU load assessment.
• Exclude: the substance is not included in the CTU load assessment. You would typically do this if the
load is invalid and you want to see if removing this item solves the problem. The item is reinstated by
resetting its status to I, i.e. ’Include’.
• Override: This sets the item status to "overridden" and removes the item from the segregation calcula-
tion for both cargo and onboard. A message appears that a substance can only be overruled with the
approval of the competent authority.
• Limited quantity: If the substance may be transported with the attribute in "limited quantity", then
the limited quantity is displayed in a pop-up window. This substance in the load is then excluded
from segregation requirements. If the substance is not allowed to be transported in a limited quantity,
this will be confirmed in a popup window. The substance would still be subject to full segregation
requirements.
• Excepted quantity: This indicates that a substance may be carried separately in a certain small amount,
in which case no segregation requirements apply for this substance. The allowed amount is displayed
in a popup window. If it is not allowed for a certain substance, this is confirmed in a popup window.
The substance is still subject to full segregation rules.

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4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG) 48

CTU property

Var If several variations are available for a selected substance, a menu appears immediately after entering a single
number or name of the substance where the desired variation can be selected. The variation can be changed
later by selecting this column.

Choice of a substance variation

Class
This column shows the class and subdivision of the substance in question (Class and subdivision).
PG Dangerous goods are assigned to three packing groups (also called UN packing group) according to the
degree of danger. This column is automatically filled from the database after the selection of a substance.
Packing group I: high hazard. Packing group II: medium hazard. Packing group III: low hazard.
Cat The number of segregation conflicts with other substances in the CTU is given. By selecting the cell a popup
will be shown with the conflicts.

Segregation conflicts in the CTU

Descr(2)
Displays the qualifying descriptive text (corresponds to column 2 of the IMGD dangerous goods list)
P&O(17)
Shows the properties and observations (corresponds to column 17 of the IMDG dangerous goods list.
LQ If a substance is transported in limited quantities, the limited quantity is specified in this column.
EQ If a substance is transported in an exempted quantity, the exempted quantity is specified in this column.

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4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG) 49

Attr.
Various properties of the substance can be specified.

Define various substances characteristics

[Link].1 Menu bar functions

All LQ
All substances in the CTU for which this is permitted will be assigned the limited quantity attribute.
Conflicts
shows a popup window with all segregation conflicts between substances within the CTU.
Comments
shows a popup window with all the stowage comments, grouped by substance.

Stowage and segregation comments

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4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG) 50

4.7.4 IMDG information window

Verification against IMDG. IMDG information window

The IMDG information window provides the following information:

• One row per single CTU (if this CTU contains one or more UN substances). In this case the column [Load
reference], [Seg. Required] and [[Link]] contain a dash. For this CTU it is indicated if it complies with
the stowage comments that can be checked by LOCOPIAS. The conclusion can be found in the column
[[Link]] (stowage ok). The column [[Link]] concludes that there are no segregation conflicts within
the CTU itself. In the [[Link]] column, the conclusion whether the placement of the CTU is permitted
according to the Document of Compliance. For details, double-click on the row. A popup with a number of
tabs will show the following detailed information for the CTU with respect to:
– CTU segregation.
– Stowage non-compliant.
– Stowage not checked.
– Stowage compliant.
– Compliance with the vessels Document of compliance.

Verification against IMDG. Segregation within a single CTU

Verification against IMDG. CTU, stowage non-compliant

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4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG) 51

Verification against IMDG. CTU, stowage not checked

Verification against IMDG. CTU, stowage compliant

Verification against IMDG. CTU, verification with document of compliance

• One row per CTU combination (pair) for which segregation is required (contains dangerous substances that
cause a segregation requirement between the CTUs). This row shows the (highest) segregation requirement
and which combination of two substances in the CTUs causes this. The [[Link]] column shows whether
the segregation requirement is met. This depends on the relative positions of the CTUs and their mutual
orientation in the vessel (bulkheads, decks, bulkheads, etc.). For details, double-click on the row. A popup
will then show detailed information about the segregation requirements between the CTUs themselves.

Verification against IMDG. Details segregation requirements between two CTUs

4.7.5 Required ship specific data

For the IMDG module the following additional ship specific information is required:
For verification against stowage codes as mentioned in column 16a of the dangerous goods list:
Position and dimensions of living quarters, air intakes, machinery spaces, other enclosed working areas.
In case of SW2, CTU’s must be clear of living quarters, which means that packages or cargo transport units

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4.7 Dangerous goods (IMDG) 52

shall be stowed a minimum distance of 3 m from accommodation, air intakes, machinery spaces and other
enclosed work areas.
Position and dimensions of sunlight obstructions
Relevant for cargo transport units positioned on deck (deckhouses etc.).
Position and dimension of sources of ignition.
Potential sources of ignition, but is not limited to, open fires, machinery exhausts, galley uptakes, electrical
outlets and electrical equipment including those on refrigerated or heated cargo transport units unless they
are of certified safe type. (CST)
Position and dimensions of sources of heat.
In case of SW1, CTU’s must be protected from sources of heat. This means that packages and cargo transport
units shall be stowed at least 2.4 m from heated ship structures, where the surface temperature is liable to
exceed 55ºC. Examples of heated structures are steam pipes, heating coils, top or side walls of heated fuel and
cargo tanks, and bulkheads of machinery spaces. In addition, packages not loaded inside a cargo transport
unit and stowed on deck shall be shaded from direct sunlight. The surface of a cargo transport unit can
heat rapidly when in direct sunlight in nearly windless conditions and the cargo may also become heated.
Depending on the nature of the goods in the cargo transport unit and the planned voyage precautions shall
be taken to ensure that exposure to direct sunlight is reduced.
Position and dimensions of mechanically ventilated spaces.
Position and dimensions of mechanically ventilated spaces.

For verification against segregation requirements as mentioned in column 16b of the dangerous goods list:
Position and dimensions of bulkheads (transverse and longitudinal) and decks.
All bulkheads and decks shall be resistant to fire and liquids).

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4.8 Grain/bulk 53

4.8 Grain/bulk

The Grain/bulk module can be used to load the vessel with grain or bulk cargo, it offers the following functions:

• Selecting and positioning of movable grain bulkheads.

• Selecting grain holds, and filling those holds by volume, weight, ullage or percentage.
• After filling the holds, the centers of gravity and heeling moments (in case of grain) of the cargo are calculated
automatically.
• At any desired moment, stability or strength particulars can be evaluated and verified against the relevant
criteria.

The LOCOPIAS grain/bulk module can be applied for vessels with:

• A single hold or multiple holds

• Movable grain bulkheads

Note

A video6 exists in which the operation of this module is demonstrated.

4.8.1 Layout

Grain module layout.

1 Menu bar
Basic functionalities are accessible through the menu bar.
2 Module buttons
These buttons navigate to another module, or back to the [Main screen].
3 List of grain bulkheads
List of movable grain bulkheads.
4 List of holds
List of available holds.
6 [Link]

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4.8 Grain/bulk 54

5 Hold information
Particulars of the selected hold.
6 Track bar
The track bar can be used to change the filling percentage of the selected hold.
7 Side view
Possible locations of grain bulkheads are indicated red, positions where bulkheads are actually placed are
displayed green.

4.8.2 General approach

1. Position bulkhead(s). If the ship is equipped with movable bulkheads, you can subdivide the holds, if
required.
2. Select hold. Select the hold you want to fill.
3. Load grain or bulk cargo. Load grain or bulk cargo.

4. Check. Use the Stability/Strength diagrams under [Window] [Result windows] and the [Check]-button to
verify the loading condition.

5. Output. Go to the menu [Output] [Totals] for an overview of total loaded grain and/or bulk on screen.

[Link] Position bulkhead(s)

There are two ways to select the positions of the grain bulkheads:
• Double-click a bulkhead in the [List of grain bulkheads] 3 , and select a position for the bulkhead.
• Double-click, or right-click on a positioned bulkhead in the side view to relocate it.

[Link] Select hold

• Click a hold in the [List of holds] window 4 .

• Click a hold in the side view.

[Link] Load grain or bulk cargo

There are several ways to define the amount and type of cargo in the holds:
• In the [Hold information]-window 5
– Edit volume, weight, ullage, density or filling percentage by double clicking that value in the [Hold
information]-window 5 .

• In the side view 7 .

– Left-click and hold the left mouse button at the surface of the grain or bulk and drag the mouse up and
down to change the level.
– Double-click on a hold to completely fill or empty it.
– Right-click on a hold to open the [Modify data cargo hold]-window. Here you can edit type, weight,
volume, ullage, filling percentage and the stowage factor in tons/m3, m3/ton, or ft3/ton. When you
press [OK] the alternative stowage factor is automatically calculated.
• Use the scroll-bar to change the filling percentage of the selected hold.
• You can change the cargo from grain to bulk, by right-clicking on the grain in the side view. In the [Modify
data cargo hold]-window you can set the cargo to grain or bulk.

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4.8 Grain/bulk 55

Modify data cargo hold.

[Link] Check


Use the Stability/Strength diagrams under [Window] [Result windows] and the [Check]-button to verify the loading
condition.

[Link] Output


For an overview of the loaded grain and bulk weight, go to the menu [Output] [Totals].

Total grain output.

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4.9 General cargo 56

4.9 General cargo

The General cargo module is intended for the loading of general cargo. The weight and center of gravity of the
general cargo are incorporated in the loading condition, and thus included in the calculation results. Some highlights
of this module are:

• Cargo can be placed on any position in the vessel, without any limitations.
• Cargo holds and compartments used for storage are visible in all views of the vessel.
• Project cargo positioned above deck is automatically included in the calculation of the wind contour of the
vessel.
• Project cargo of any dimension can be defined (LxBxH).
• A list of all cargo or a graphical cargo stowage plan on any desired horizontal section can be printed.
• At any desired moment, stability or strength particulars can be evaluated and verified against the relevant
criteria.

Note

A video7 exists in which the operation of this module is demonstrated.

4.9.1 Layout

Layout general cargo module.

1 Menu bar
Basic functionalities are accessible from the menu bar.
2 Module buttons
These buttons navigate to another module, or back to the [Main screen].
3 Function buttons
These buttons represent main functions of the [General cargo]-module.
7 [Link]

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4.9 General cargo 57

4 List of cargo
Displays the general cargo items that match the selected view options from the [View] menu. If the list is
empty, there are no containers that match the selection.
5 General cargo information
Shows the properties of a selected cargo item, this can be a loaded item or an item in the list 4 .
6 Section windows
Top view, vertical section and cross section. Views and sections change with selected cargo, sections cut
through the center of gravity of the selected cargo.

4.9.2 General approach

1. Input. The first thing to do is to define cargo and ports.
2. Load. Now you can use the [Load]-button to load the cargo on to the vessel.
3. Edit. After loading the cargo you can make changes to the loading condition, for instance move, discharge,
rotate or delete cargo.

4. Check. Use the Stability/Strength diagrams under [Window] [Result windows] and the [Check]-button to
verify the loading condition.
5. Output. You can generate output specifically for this module.

[Link] Input


1. Define the relevant ports by selecting the menu [Input] [Ports].

2. Defining groups (by going to the menu [Input] [Groups]) is optional, it can be useful for instance to make a
division between cargo on the tanktop and on the tweendeck.

3. Select [Input] [General cargo] to define the cargo you want to load. You can define a group, ports, name,
size, weight and center of gravity of the cargo. Instead of manually entering the data in this table, it can be
imported from file, by using option [File], For more information on the supported file formats please refer to
section 6.7 on page 102, Supported formats of data exchange files.

[Link] Load


1. Under the menu [View] [Group/port] you can select the cargo you want to view in
the list of cargo window 4 .
2. Select a piece of cargo from the list of cargo.
3. Left-click the Load-button 3 .
4. Left-click in a section window 6 to place the cargo. You can also hold and drag to


position the cargo more precisely. You can place cargo at any position in the section
windows. If you have enabled [Settings] [Collision check] you will get a message if
there is a collision with other cargo.

[Link] Edit

It is possible to edit cargo data by:

• Double-clicking the cargo in the [list of cargo]-window 4 .

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4.9 General cargo 58

Edit general cargo data in the ’list of cargo’.

• Right-clicking the cargo in a section window 6 .

Edit general cargo in the ’section windows’.

Other ways to edit cargo are:

• Activate the [Move]-button to move cargo in the section windows. Move the mouse over a piece of cargo to
automatically select it, then left-click and hold the cargo to drag it to the new position.
• Activate the [Discharge]-button and left-click the cargo in the section window to discharge. The discharged
cargo appears in the list of cargo again. You can also discharge all general cargo at once or by selected port:
go to the [Options] menu. When discharging cargo, this cargo will be put in the [List of cargo]. From this list
it is possibile to load the cargo again.
• Activate the [Delete]-button and left-click cargo to permanently remove the cargo from the vessel and from
the cargo list. It’s not possible to load the cargo again when the cargo has been deleted.
• Activate the [Rotate]-button to place cargo in a desired position with a certain angle.
• Activate the [Measure]-button and select two points in the section-windows to measure the horizontal, verti-
cal and transverse distance between the two points.

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[Link] Check

In section 4.1.2 on page 16, Verification more information can be found about verification of the loading condition.

[Link] Output



A list of all general cargo items as defined under input can be generated through [Output] [General cargo list].
Views and sections of the stowage plan can be defined under [Output] [General cargo stowage plan].

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4.10 Crane loading tool 60

4.10 Crane loading tool

This tool is used for defining crane loads. Based on the predefined crane properties, the combined crane load
and corresponding COG’s are determined. This module for PIAS can be operated from a numerical input sheet,
and from a Graphical User Interface (GUI) and for LOCOPIAS only from the GUI.

Note

A video8 exists in which the operation of this module is demonstrated.

4.10.1 Layout
Show and manipulate defined cranes and, if applicable, ballast tanks in a Graphical User Interface, an example of
which is depicted below. A description of the labeled elements follows.

Crane module GUI.

1 Menu bar
Basic functions are accessible through the menu bar.
2 Module buttons
These buttons navigate to another module, or back to the main screen.
3 Crane selection
Choose the crane you want to manipulate.
4 Cargo selection
From the drop-down box choose the cargo you want to load.
5 Crane operations
Use the buttons to steer the crane or manipulate cargo parameters.
6 Crane / Cargo operations
Enter values directly here.
7 Interval settings
Set interval step for meters and degrees.
8 [Link]

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4.10 Crane loading tool 61

8 Tank view
View on the (first) selected tank in a cross section.
9 List of tanks
Select a tank for ballasting. For transfer of tank contents between tanks change to the [Tanks] module 2 .
10 Track bar
The track bar can change the filling of the selected tank.
11 Top view
The circles in the top view indicate the maximum and current radius of the crane for the upright vessel.
12 Cross section on active crane
In the cross section view the heeling angle and position of the crane can be seen.
13 Activity log
Opens a window on top, in which all crane and ballast operations are listed. This log can be printed. Reset
empties the log.
14 Function buttons
Specific functions to operate the crane, manipulate cargo, pump tank contents and verification of the current
loading condition.
15 Result windows


Direct verification of stability or strength. This dynamic repositionable window can be activated by the menu
bar function [Window] [Result windows].
16 Status bar
Shows information about the selected crane.

4.10.2 General approach

1. Define cargo. Define cargo to be used in simulated crane operations.
2. Select cargo. Select a cargo item in the cranes hoist.
3. Operate crane. Simulate crane operations like loading or discharging of cargo.
4. Ballast operations. If necessary, ballast the vessel.
5. 
Check. Use the Stability/Strength diagrams under [Window] [Result windows] and the [Check]-button to
verify the loading condition.
6. Output. A log of the simulated crane operations can be previewed or printed on paper with [Log].

[Link] Define cargo

There are two ways to define cargo:

• For simulation of a crane operation it is sufficient to enter a weight 6 .

• For visualization purposes it is also possible to enter the geometry of a cargo item (LxBxH). Select [Cargo]
from the menu bar to open the [Define crane cargo] window and choose [New] to enter new cargo. The
dimensions are referred to aft, underside, and longitudinal centre plane.

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Crane cargo definition.

[Link] Select cargo

Choose the crane you want to operate 3 and either enter a weight 6 or select a defined cargo item 4 . If
defined cargo is selected, firstly hoisting point 1 is used. The minimal vertical distance from the crane top to
the hoisting point due to rigging arrangement can be defined under [Rigging] in the menu bar. Also weight of
rigging arrangement and hook can be defined here. The weights entered here will be added to the load in the hook
automatically.

Rigging arrangement.

[Link] Operate crane

Use the buttons on the dashboard 5 to operate the crane or cargo suspended from the crane. It is also possible to
type a specified value in the edit boxes 6 showing the actual values. For simulation of discharging or loading, it
can be useful to define the quay. The position and dimensions of the quay can be made visible in the top and cross
view windows by selecting [Quay] in the menu bar.

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4.10 Crane loading tool 63

Define loading platform.

If the vessel is equipped with two or more cranes a dual crane operation can be performed. This requires a
dimensioned cargo item. To start a dual crane operation:

• Move the second hoisting point within the radius of the second crane (Use the buttons on the dashboard 5
to move the crane or rotate the cargo). 14
• Select the second crane 3 and select the same cargo item 4 . This crane will attach to the second hoisting
point. Both cranes are now attached to the cargo item. If one crane is operated, the other crane follows
automatically so the top of the crane stays in vertical position above the hoisting point and the cargo remains
in horizontal position.
• To end a dual crane operation, disconnect the cargo item, by choosing another or no cargo 4 .

[Link] Ballast operations

During a crane operation, ballasting may be required. Select a ballast tank 9 to perform a ballast operation with.


Now use the track bar to change the volume of the selected tank. If the [Pump]-button is selected, the fluid is
pumped between two selected tanks in 9 . Under the menu [Settings] [View tanks] you can choose to view all
tanks available for ballast operations in the top view or only the selected tank.

[Link] SWL configuration

If Safe Working Load tables, and/or allowable heeling and trim angles are preprogrammed, these are also checked
for compliance. The cranes working radius circle will turn red in the top view 11 when the Safe Work Load is
exceeded.

[Link] Check

In section 3.5 on page 12, Check more information can be found about verification of the loading condition.

[Link] Output

All crane operations can be stored in a [Log]. The log can be printed by clicking the [Print] button in the log window.

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4.11 Hatch 64

4.11 Hatch

The hatch module is intended for vessels with multiple tweendeck hatches. With the hatch module you can edit
the position of all hatches and tweendeck panels. Tweendeck panels can be used to construct the tweendeck or
they can be stacked in “store position”. Tweendeck panels can also be placed ashore or defined as grain bulkhead.
The position of hatches can be set to open, closed, or ashore/grain bulkhead. Hatches positioned on top are
automatically included in the calculations of the wind contour of the vessel. In the [Hatch]-module only the position
of a hatch or panel can be changed. The weight and position of center of gravity are generated automatically.
Note

A video9 exists in which the operation of this module is demonstrated.

If a defined hatch panel is also defined as a grain bulkhead in the [Grain]-module where it is being used for
the formation of a grain hold, in the [Hatch]-module its position should be set to ‘Ashore/Grainbulkhead’,
otherwise the weight of that panel will be accounted for twice in the calculation.

4.11.1 Layout

Hatch module

1 Hatches/panels
This column lists all available hatches and panels.
2 Position
This column displays the current position of the corresponding panel or hatch.
3 Select position
This window displays the possible options of the selected panel or hatch.
9 [Link]

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4.11 Hatch 65

4.11.2 General approach

1. Select position. Double click on a panel or hatch 1 to display all possible positions for this panel or hatch
in the ‘Select position’-window 3 and select the position for the loading condition. It’s also possible to
select the position of a panel or hatch 2 and press the spacebar. Now the ‘Select position’-window 3 will
pop up.
2. Confirm. Close the hatch module and confirm the modification of the hatches configuration.

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4.12 Weight list 66

4.12 Weight list

The [Weight list] has a crucial role in configuring a cargo loading condition because it offers an overview of all
weight items of which the current loading condition consists. Weight items can be changed alphanumerically.

4.12.1 Menu bar functions

In the weight list window one can find the menu bar, which contains the ‘standard’ and ‘advanced’ functions. The
standard functions are described in section 4.1 on page 15, Common operations in modules. The specific functions
[manaGe], [Database], [Loading tools], [check-displAce] and [Window] are discussed below.

Menu bar functions.

Manage
With [Manage] some visual formatting can be performed:
• [Collapse weight groups]. In general, weight items belong to a particular weight group, a concept that
is introduced in section 3.1.1 on page 8, Menu bar. In LOCOPIAS subtotals of weights and COG of
weight groups are always included in these weight lists. The individual items of a weight group can be
obscured, that’s what happens when the group is ‘Collapsed’
• [Expand weight groups], the opposite of ‘Collapse’ which makes all items of a group visible. -[Move],
to move a weight item in the weight list up or down. Highlight the row with the weight item to move
to another position in the list. Now select the [Move] function. Highlight the row behind which the
weight item is to be positioned, and select [move] again. The weight item is now in the new position.
• [Quitmove], to abort an ongoing [Move] command.
• [Sort], to sort the weight items along different sorting criteria, which are depicted in the figure below.

Different sorting methods for weight items.

Database


Use this option to load standard weight items, such as ‘crew’, ‘stores’, etc. With this feature you can define
a weight item once, and re-use them from this database when needed. Choose [Database] [Edit database]


from the menu bar to open [Database weight items]-window and edit weight items in the database. The
option [Database] [Read database] opens a window with a list of databse items, that can be selected in a
loading condition.

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4.12 Weight list 67

Database of standard weight items.

Select from the database of weight items.


Loading tools
[Loading tools] [Grain/Bulk] is subdivided in two sub-options. With [Choose holds] you can toggle the
loading in the holds between breakbulk and grain. With [Place bulkheads] grain bulkheads can be placed.
These commands are part of the grain functionality, which is discussed in section 4.8 on page 53, Grain/bulk.
Check-Displacement
In order to simulate the actual loading condition in LOCOPIAS, the function [Check-Displace] can be used
to see how well the real (=observed) and simulated displacements are approximating each other. You can
enter the real-life draft marks and compare them with the calculated draft marks and check the displacement
difference. A correction weight can be added to the weight list to achieve the real displacement.

Check-Displacement.

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4.12 Weight list 68

Hopper
There are a few options available:
• [Fill hopper(s) to maximum draft], filling the cargo and water in the hopper(s) so that the ship lies exactly
at its dredging draft.
• [Justify overflow height(s)], Some ships have height-adjustable overflows. As a rule, a certain actual
position of the overflow will be determined automatically, e.g. with the previous function. However, if
you want to manually give the overflow position, you can do so with this function.
Window, Result windows
With this function one of the floating result windows — as introduced in section 6.1 on page 95, Operation of
LOCOPIAS and general functions — can be opened, such as for intact stability or for longitudinal strength.

4.12.2 Content of the weight list

Columns in the [Weight list] that require explanation are discussed below.
Note

Modifications for the whole weight group can be easily applied via modifing the appropriate value on the sub
total line. Possible modifications are: ‘FSM type’, ‘Weight group’, ‘Tank filling’ and ‘Density’. Do note that
with ‘undo’ it is possible to restore the modification.

List of weights of a loading condition.

Name
This column displays the name of the weight in the row. This column can help by separating certain weights.
Type
Gives information about the type of weight.
Weight
Weight in tonnes.
VCG
Vertical center of gravity in meters, related to the baseline.
LCG
Longitudinal center of gravity in meters, related to the aft perpendicular.
TCG
Transverse center of gravity in meters, related to the centreline.
FSM
This column shows the Free Surface Moment for predefined tanks or for a user-defined weight of a fluid in
metric tonnes multiplied by a distance in meters. It is possible to override this standard free surface moment
using another free surface option under FSM Type.
FSM Type
With this function you can select the type of free surface moment (FSM) calculation. By default the free
surface moment is computed for the actual tank level. Occasionally, the IMO Intact Stability Code may
require a different method, so you can choose from the following alternatives:
• Maximum FSM which occurs anywhere in the tank.
• Zero in case the filling is more than 98%.
Please note that LOCOPIAS also offers a more advanced method to compensate for free liquid effects, which
is the “actual shift of liquid method”. If your LOCOPIAS is configured this way, it will compute the real
movement of liquid, including the effects of heel and trim, which overrides the conventional FSM setting as
elaborated here.

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4.12 Weight list 69

Weight group
Each weight item may be assigned to a weight group. The name of the group is displayed in this column.


If you want to show the difference between weight groups even more clearly, in the menu bar on the [Main
screen], under [Edit] [Edit Weight Groups] you can edit the name and text color of each weight group. This
name and color also becomes visible in the overview of weight groups (See 7 in section 3.1 on page 7,
Main window layout of [Main screen]).
Aft & Fore
These columns contain the forward and aft boundaries of a weight item. These boundaries are required for
longitudinal strength calculations only. The distances are given in meters and refer to the aft perpendicular.
The weight distribution is a linear function determined by the longitudinal center of gravity and the position
of the boundaries (More information on this subject can be found under section 6.5 on page 98, LCG and
weight distribution of weight items).

4.12.3 Check
Click the [Check]-button to check if the loading condition complies with the stability and strength requirements. Af-
ter clicking the Checkbutton, a window opens with several tabs: ‘Overview’, ‘Stability’, ‘Air draft’ and ‘Strength’.
Damage stability is optional. More information about the [Check]-button can be found in section 3.5 on page 12,
Check.

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4.13 Damages 70

4.13 Damages

Damage stability calculations can be performed for all loading conditions. All mandatory (pre-defined) damage
cases can be checked against the relevant criteria. Furthermore, additional damage cases can be defined and
computed, for example to be used in case of actual damage.
A damage case consists of a set of watertight compartments. In damage calculations the initial contents of
a damaged tank will be replaced by sea water, up to the level of the outside water for every calculated heel and
trim angle. If the [Damages] module is available, a sub-window labelled “Direct damage stability” is present in the
main window and a [Damages] button is present amongst the other module buttons. Click the [Calculate damage
stability]-button in the [Main Screen] to calculate all mandatory damage cases. After calculation (which may take
some time) in the “Direct damage stability” window it is stated whether or not the loading condition complies with
the applicable damage stability criteria.

4.13.1 The damage definition window

With the [Damages] button from the main window the damage definition window pops up, from which an example
is depicted below:

Damage definition window.

1 Menu bar
Basic functions are accessible through the menu bar.
2 Module buttons
These buttons navigate to another module, or back to the main screen.
3 Damage cases list
This window displays all damages cases, and which cases are selected for calculation.
4 Section windows
Displays cross section, horizontal and vertical section. Views and sections change with selected tank(s);
sections are cut through the center of gravity of the selected damage case.
5 Status bar
Move your mouse over a compartment to read information in the status bar.

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4.13 Damages 71

4.13.2 General approach

1. Review pre-defined damage cases. The pre-defined damage cases should all comply with the criteria and
cannot be edited. They can, however, be viewed and selected for the output.
2. Define damage cases. You can create new damage cases by setting compartments to be flooded.
3. Select damage cases. To test the loading condition(s) for compliance with the regulations, all pre-defined
damage cases should be calculated.
4. Print output. Click the [Check] button on the [Main Screen] to print damage stability output.

[Link] Review pre-defined damage cases

In the [Damage cases]-list 3 all damage cases are listed, with the pre-defined displayed in blue. The sections 4
show all compartments, with the flooded colored in bluish, and the non-flooded greenish. For an alphanumerical
list of flooded compartments the damage case in the list of 3 can be double-clicked (or touched with <Enter>),
which invokes a popup menu as depicted below.

Alphanumerical list of flooded compartments per damage case.

[Link] Define damage cases

Clicking [New] or [Insert] in the menu bar creates a new damage case in the list 3 ; this user-defined case is
displayed in black. You can left-click in the ‘Name’ column to enter a new name for this case and make a selection
of flooded compartments by:
• Double-clicking, or right-clicking compartments in the section windows 4 , which will toggle compart-
ments between flooded and non-flooded.
• Double-clicking (or press <Space>) the ‘Slct’ cell in the alphanumerical [Damage cases]-list 3 .


• Clicking [Damage box] in the menu bar and dragging a box in one of the section windows. The damage


box can also be defined alphanumerically by right-clicking in the section window. Use [Edit] [Copy] and
[Edit] [Paste] to create new damage cases with properties of another case.

[Link] Select damage cases

You can select damage cases for calculation by clicking ‘yes’ or ‘no’ in the [Damage cases]-list 3 and pressing
<Space>.

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4.13 Damages 72

[Link] Print output

On the [Main Screen], click the [Output]-button and choose damage stability, or damage stability summary. See
also section 3.6 on page 13, Output. If all pre-defined damage cases have been selected and the loading condition
complies with the relevant damage stability criteria for all defined damage cases, this conclusion is printed in the
damage stability output.

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4.14 Cargo weight determination 73

4.14 Cargo weight determination

The [Cargo weight] module is intended for the calculation or verification of (un)loaded cargo weight. This module
can be used on any type of cargo vessel. The module can be used to verify the entered loading condition with the
observed drafts / freeboards. Alternatively, the module can also be used to calculate the weight of the (un)loaded
cargo, by comparing the draft or freeboard and the deductibles before and after the (un)loading operation.

4.14.1 Layout of the GUI

Layout of the cargo weight determination module.

1 Module buttons
These buttons navigate to another module, or back to the [Main screen].
2 Verify displacement button
Use this button to verify the displacement of this loading condition with the observed draft marks.
3 Compare condition button
Click to print the cargo weight determination report.
4 Side view
Shows the actual wind contour, drafts and actual waterline.
5 Aft view
Shows the aft view of the vessel, heeling angle and initial stability (G’M).
6 Deflection
With this track bar the deflection enlargment factor can be set from 1x to 10x.
7 Observed drafts/freeboards
Enter the observed drafts or freeboards here. Also some results are directly available.
8 Edit measuring point window
Type <Spacebar> at a measuring point cell 7 to open this window.

4.14.2 General approach

There are two ways to use this Cargo weight module. One can verify a loading condition with observed drafts /
freeboards. Or one can compare a loading condition before and after (un)loading to calculate the (un)loaded cargo

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4.14 Cargo weight determination 74

weight, perhaps better known as a draft survey. Detailed instructions for both methods can be found later on.

In general the following steps have to be done for both methods. For the compare condition method steps 1
and 2 are repeated for the initial and final loading condition.

1. Define loading condition Define the loading condition outside this module
2. Enter drafts / freeboards Enter the observed drafts / freeboards in 7
3. Calculate. For verification of one loading condition press 2 . To compare two loading conditions press 3
to determine the (un)loaded cargo weight.

4.14.3 Verify displacement method

The governing idea of this method is that the displacement of one loading condition can be verified by comparing it
with the displacement resulting from observed drafts / freeboards. This can for example be used to check the actual
cargo loaded weight against the planned loaded cargo weight as entered in the loading condition in LOCOPIAS.
Or one could determine a dead weight constant, if the actual displacement always differs from the displacement
according to LOCOPIAS.

Below you find the steps that should be taken to determine the difference between the displacement based on
the observed drafts and the weight list of the loading condition.

[Link] Define loading condition

The first step is to define the loading condition. Perhaps this step is already finished. Otherwise go back to the
[Main screen] and define the loading condition by using the other modules, see: chapter 4 on page 15, Modules .
Enter all details like tank fillings, grain bulkheads, cargo etc., like you would normally do. When finished enter the
[Cargo Weight] module again.

[Link] Enter drafts / freeboards

Now you should enter the observed drafts (default) or freeboards. In 7 you will enter the drafts on the pre-defined
draft marks. Alternatively, you can also define a reference point yourself and indicate whether you want to enter
drafts or freeboards. Press <Spacebar> or any other keyboard key, in accordance with the LOCOPIAS operation
standard as described in section 6.2 on page 95, Content and options in the cells of selection windows and input
windows at the measuring point in the [observed drafts / freeboards] window 7 to open the [edit measuring point]
window 8 .

After entering the drafts / freeboards you can check in windows 4 and 5 if the vessels position is as expected.
Also the expected hogging / sagging can be checked. If the hogging / sagging is not very clear, the deflection can
be exaggerated by using 6 .

[Link] Calculate

Press the ‘verify displacement button’ 2 to make the calculation. A popup will be displayed showing the dis-
placement according the observed drafts / freeboards, and the displacement as entered in LOCOPIAS and the
weight difference between these two. If the user wants to add the weight difference as a correction weight to the
loading condition, they should tick the tickbox at the bottom of the popup window. The user should give their best
estimation of the vertical center of gravity of this weight difference.

If the weight difference is deemed to be a deadweight constant, the user can also tick the box ‘Database’. Then
this correction weight will be stored in the database for use in new loading conditions. Please refer to section 4.12
on page 66, Weight list for further explanation of the database.

Click on OK to add the correction weight if desired and print the ‘displacement verification report’ from which
an example is depicted below.

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4.14 Cargo weight determination 75

Example of displacement verification report.

4.14.4 Compare load method

The method is also known as a draft survey. The governing idea of this method is that two loading conditions are
compared. One condition is before and the other is after the (un)loading operation. The difference in displacement
(resulting from observed drafts) will be the (un)loaded cargo weight. Besides a difference in cargo weight there
could also be a difference in other weight items, such as ballast and consumables. To correctly calculate the
(un)loaded cargo weight, these deductibles are taken into account by identifying two loading conditions in LO←-
COPIAS, which will be labelled ‘initial’ and ‘final’. To distinguish between cargo and deductibles, every cargo

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4.14 Cargo weight determination 76

weight item must be assigned to a cargo weight group. Special care should be taken when the cargo is defined in
the weight list as a free weight item, since these weight items are not automatically assigned to a weight group.

Below you find the steps that should be taken to determine the (un)loaded weight.

[Link] Define the initial loading condition

Go back to the [Main screen] and define the condition before the (un)loading operation, including tank fillings,
configuration of grain bulkheads, cargo etc. This is later referred to as the initial loading condition.

Note: The ‘initial’ and ‘final’ qualifiers are not fixed to a particular loading condition.

[Link] Enter the observed drafts of the initial condition

Open the [Cargo weight] module again and enter the observed drafts in this condition. Details can be found in the
section ‘enter drafts / freeboards’.

Now we are finished with preparing the initial loading condition.

[Link] Define the final loading condition

Now go back to the [Main screen] and create a new loading condition that will represent the situation after
(un)loading. This is later referred to as the final loading condition. This new loading condition could also be
a copy of the ‘initial’ condition. Please go to section 3.3 on page 10, Conditions if you need more information on
how to create or copy a loading condition.

Now define this loading condition correctly, adjusting the tank fillings, grain bulkhead positions etc.

[Link] Enter the observed drafts of the final condition

Open the [Cargo weight] module again and enter the observed drafts (or freeboards) of the (un)loaded vessel.

[Link] Calculate

Click the [Compare load] button to produce a cargo weight determination report. You will be asked to select the
initial condition. Only loading conditions where the observed drafts are entered are selectable as ‘initial’ for a
weight determination computation. So if your initial loading condition is not visible, please go back to the [Main
screen], switch to the initial loading condition (or create one) and follow steps 1 and 2 to set up the initial loading
condition correctly. After that switch to the final loading condition again the print the cargo weight determination
report.

Click on Ok to print the report from which an example is depicted below.

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4.14 Cargo weight determination 77

Example of weight determination report.

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4.15 Damage control 78

4.15 Damage control

In the Damage control module, like in the [Damages] module, damage stability calculations can be performed.
All mandatory (pre-defined), as well as additional and actual, damage cases can be checked against the relevant
damage stability criteria. Furthermore, with the Damage control module countermeasures can be calculated to pos-
sibly reduce the negative effects from the damage case on the vessel. Where the damage cases in the [Damages]
module only consist out of externally damaged compartments, or more precisely compartments that are flooded
from the outside, internal damages can also be defined in the Damage control module.

4.15.1 Layout of the GUI

Layout of the Damage control module main screen.

1 Menu bar
Basic functionalities are accessible through the menu bar, see Menu bar.
2 Module buttons
These tool bar buttons provide quick access to the main window and to other parts of the module.
3 Function buttons
These buttons are used to determine and execute the output of the Damage control module.
4 Side-view
Shows the actual wind contour, drafts, actual waterline, line of sight and air draft, all for the selected actual
damage case
5 Cross section
Shows heeling angle and initial stability (G’M).
6 Compliance windows for longitudinal strength
These windows indicate compliance with the criteria for the current loading condition. Click on a window
for detailed information.
7 GZ curve
Shows the GZ curve of the specific condition.

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8 Compliance windows damage stability

These windows indicate compliance with the criteria for the current loading condition and damage case.
Click on a window for detailed information.
9 List of countremeasures
A list of countermeasures will be presented here after the calculate option is used.
10 Countermeasure buttons
These buttons are used to calculate the Damage control module.
11 Status bar
Gives the name of the selected damage stability criteria, the calculation status when the countermeasures are
being calculated as well as the countermeasure method employed by a countermeasure when one is selected
in the list of countermeasures 9

4.15.2 General approach

There are two ways the Damage control module can be used to calculate the damage stability of the vessel. The
first is the same as the [Damages] module, listed below:
1. Review pre-defined damage cases. The pre-defined damage cases should all comply with the criteria and
cannot be edited. They can, however, be viewed and selected for the output.
2. Define damage cases. You can create new damage cases by setting compartments to be flooded.
3. Select damage cases. To test the loading condition(s) for compliance with the regulations, all pre-defined
damage cases should be calculated.
4. Print output. Click the [check] button on the [Main Screen] to print damage stability output.
The second way the Damage control module can be used is to calculate the damage stability for an actual,
or simulated, damage case and determine the countermeasures that may be deployed to reduce the effect of the
damage case.

1. Define the actual damage case using the internal and external damage menus via the module buttons 2 .
2. Calculate the countermeasures via the calculation buttons 10 .
3. Determine the most suitable countermeasure to be used from the given options in the list of countermeasures
9 .
4. Preview the selected countermeasure and after accepting it, apply the countermeasure to the loading condi-
tion. A new loading condition will be made including the effects of the selected countermeasure after a new
name is given to the new loading condition.
5. As the result after one countermeasure may not be optimal a second, and later other countermeasures can be
applied by repeating steps 2 through 4.

4.15.3 Module buttons

[Link] Internal damages

The internal damages window is used to define ‘damages’ in compartments that even in the actual damage case are
not connected with the outside water. These damages can occur when for example a pipe bursts or a compartment
is (partially) flooded during firefighting operations. All compartments that are not present in the Tank module
of [Damage control] are present in the internal damages window. These may include compartments that are also
damaged in the external damage module. Compartments that are marked as damaged in the external damage
window and which therefore may be already flooded, can be filled in the internal damage window also, just like
any other tank.

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4.15 Damage control 80

Layout of the internal damages window.

In the internal damage window, the compartments of the vessel may be divided into “zones”, 1 , this is done
to make it easier to find a specific compartment. The division of these zones is usually related to the watertight
subdivision of the vessel. However, the precise division of the compartments of a vessel in ‘zones’ is impossible
to predict for the purposes of this manual; therefore, it is recommended that the crew of the vessel is familiar with
the divisions used in this module.

Zone buttons

Two other buttons are present in this window, 2 , the “Pump” and the “Check” button. The check button is
the same button as the button in the [main screen] and has therefore the same functionality. The pump button is the
same as the pump button in the standard Tanks module and has the same functionality.

Pump and Check button.

[Link] External damages

The external damages window is functionally the same as the damages window used for the [Damages] module,
see section 4.13.1 on page 70, The damage definition window for more details. The only difference being that it is
not possible to move from this window to the [main screen] of LOCOPIAS or vice versa. This is done to keep the
Damage control module somewhat separate from the standard LOCOPIAS modules.

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4.15 Damage control 81

External damages window.

[Link] Damages in the main screen

The internal and external damages are presented in the side view and the cross section on the [Damage control]
main screen. The externally damaged compartments are shown in a generally darker blue colour than the internally
damaged compartments.

Damages in the main window.

[Link] Tanks

The [Tanks] button shows all tanks in the same way as the standard Tanks module in LOCOPIAS. However, the
calculated draft and trim is determined for the selected damage case. This way, the effect of filling or emptying
tanks on the floating position of the vessel in damaged condition can be easily determined. One addition, regarding
the standard Tanks module, that may be included in [Damage control] is the cross-flooding function button, 1 ,

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4.15 Damage control 82

which lets the user open or close predefined connections between tanks resulting in changes in FSM and damaged
flooding of the tanks. The cross-flooding connection can be opened or closed in the cross-flooding list window, 2
, by selecting the desired connection and changing its status.

Tanks window.

4.15.4 Countermeasure buttons

[Link] Calculate

[Calculate] starts the calculation of the countermeasures that can possibly be deployed to alter the situation of the
‘actual’ damage case. Before the calculations are finished it is impossible to tell whether a specific countermeasure
has a positive or a negative effect on the situation. Therefore, both countermeasures that lead to better and counter-
measures that lead to worse outcomes are presented, basically every possible countermeasure within programming
is presented.
It is important to note that in order to reduce calculation time, only single action countermeasures are calculated.
That is to say that only the filling of one tank per countermeasure is altered. This unfortunately, also means that
the desired result, e.g., a stable ship, may not be achieved with one countermeasure.

[Link] Preview and apply

[Preview and apply] visualizes the application of the countermeasure that is currently selected in the countermea-
sures window in the Damage control main screen. When this option is selected a pop-up window opens with the
question whether or not the user wants to apply the countermeasure and create a new loading condition. When the
pop-up is presented and the user has not made a choice yet, the new condition including the actual damage case
and the selected countermeasure is visualized. The user can now choose if he wants to apply the countermeasure
by selecting ‘yes’ in the pop-up window or if he is not satisfied by the results not applying the countermeasure
by selecting ‘no’ in the pop-up window. If the user selects the option ‘no’ the previous condition without the
application of the countermeasure is again shown. If the user selects the option ‘yes’ in the popup window, then
a new loading condition is made where the countermeasure is applied to the previous condition. The module will
automatically select this new condition so the user can calculate the next countermeasure if necessary. Every time
a countermeasure is applied, a new loading condition is made in the manner described above, this is done so the
user can easily revert back to the condition before a countermeasure was applied. This also allows for the user to
quickly recap all countermeasures that will have to be undertaken without the need to write anything down.

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4.15 Damage control 83

[Link] Details

[Details] shows the details of the selected countermeasure, a summary of the condition of the vessel before the
countermeasure is applied and a summary of the condition of the vessel after the countermeasure is applied. The
details of the selected countermeasure include the action undertaken and the particulars of the tank that the action
is applied to, i.e., the filling, weight, volume, etc.

4.15.5 Compliance windows

Apart from the buttons there are a number of windows, 6 7 8 , that can be seen in the main screen of the
Damage control module. The windows that may be present on the main screen are;
• The damage stability index window, where the actual damage stability index is shown as well as the maxi-
mum. The damage stability index describes the difference between the actual VCG’ for the actual damaged
condition and the maximum VCG’ where the damage stability criteria are met.
• The reserve buoyancy index window, where the reserve buoyancy is presented. The reserve buoyancy index
describes the distance between the water and the margin line or open openings.
• The overall index window, where the overall index is presented. This index is calculated using the following
formula and boundary conditions;

Overall index formula.

• The GZ curve window, where the GZ curve of the damaged vessel is presented.
• The Shear forces window, where shear forces are visualized together with the shear force limits of the vessel.
• The Bending moments window, where the bending moments are visualized together with the bending mo-
ment limits of the vessel.

4.15.6 Function buttons

[Link] Settings

[Settings] in [Damage control] only lets you change whether or not you want to include intermediate stages in the
damage stability calculations made using the Damage control module.

Damage control output settings.

[Link] Output

[Output] gives the user a number of options. First of all, the choice whether the user wants the output of all selected
damage cases, (selected in external damages), or the output from the actual damage case, (the one visible in the
Main window layout).

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4.15 Damage control 84

Damage control output option.

When the user has selected the output for the actual damage case, four options become available. The user can
select one of these four output options;
• Damage control report, which prints a comprehensive output of the damage stability results and the longitu-
dinal strength in damaged condition.
• Damage stability, which prints the results of the damage stability calculation for the actual damage case.
• Damage stability summary, which prints a summarized version of the above-mentioned calculation. The
summary only includes the final results of the calculation.
• Longitudinal strength, which prints the longitudinal strength output in the same way as the intact longitudinal
strength output, only this output includes the influence of the damaged or otherwise flooded or emptied
compartments.

Damage control output for the actual damage case.

When the user selects the output for all selected damage cases two options become available. The user, again,
can chose one of these options;
• Damage stability, which prints a complete output of the results of the damage stability calculations for all
selected damage cases.
• Damage stability summary, which prints a summary of the above-mentioned calculations. The summary
only includes the final results of the damage stability calculations.

Damage control output for the selected damage cases.

[Link] Check

[Check] in [Damage control] has largely the same function as it does in the [Main screen] of LOCOPIAS, it gives a
quick overview of the condition of the vessel in damaged condition. It does this only for the actual condition that
is presented visually in the Damage control main screen.

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4.16 Quartering and following seas 85

4.16 Quartering and following seas

High quartering and following seas may inflict immediate danger to a vessel. This module can produce a diagram
that allows assessment of dangerous combinations of speed, course and wave period when sailing in quartering
and following seas. Furthermore, an indication of the loss of stability is given for a wave with the same length of
the vessel and a wave height of 1/50TH of the wave length. The dangers of quartering and following seas can be
categorized as follows:

• Surf riding. When the speed of the vessel approximates the speed of the waves, the vessel will be accelerated
by those waves, this reduces the rudder function and may cause broaching.
• Loss of stability on a wave top. For a vessel with V-shaped cross sections the waterline breadths at the
vessel’s ends are reduced in the wave troughs, which reduces GM and may even lead to negative GM values.
• Synchronous rolling or resonance.
• Asynchronous rolling or resonance.

In order to be able to assess those dangers, LOCOPIAS can be equipped with a specialized module, which is
based on the method of IMO paper SLF 39/3/3. This LOCOPIAS module presents a diagram (as depicted just
below), which indicates all possible dangers instantaneously. It contains three elements which can help the crew
to determine a possible change of course or speed:
• A bar chart, indicating the dangerous speed zone for surf riding
• A polar diagram, which indicates dangerous resonance zones for different courses and speeds. In this di-
agram the areas with possible synchronous or asynchronous resonance (resulting from the actual loading
condition) are indicated in red.
• An indication of the loss of stability, by showing the loss of metacentric height on a wave top with a height
of 2% of the length between perpendiculars.

Diagrams indication dangerous quartering and following seas.

4.16.1 Surfriding and broaching

The upper left part of the graph is a bar chart, indicating the dangerous speed zone for surf riding and broaching.
For every combination of wave period (not the encounter period!) and wave direction a separate bar is shown, see

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4.16 Quartering and following seas 86

the legend on the right hand side of the graph. The bars correspond with a speed range that can be read from the
left hand scale of the graph. The small ‘pie chart’ on the right hand side of the graph is just an indication of the
course of the vessel relative to the wave direction in degrees.

4.16.2 Heavy rolling

When the encountered wave period is nearly equal to the natural rolling period of the ship, heavy rolling may
occur (synchronous rolling). Large rolling motions also occur when the encountered wave period is about half
the natural rolling period (parametric rolling). The lower part of the graph is a polar diagram, which indicates
dangerous resonance zones for different courses and speeds for the actual loading condition. In this diagram the
areas with possible synchronous or asynchronous resonance are indicated in red. The actual state of the vessel is
the intersection between the heading of the vessel relative to the wave direction (the diagonal lines in the graph) and
speed (the circular arcs, scale on the bottom axis). The red areas represent the dangerous combinations of speed
and course. Left and right of every intersection in the graph, the encounter periods are printed for waves with a
period of 6 and 9 seconds respectively. Note that the printed periods may differ from the ones above, depending
on the length of the vessel.

4.16.3 Loss of stability

An indication of the loss of stability is shown in text, as the loss of metacentric height on a wave top with a height
of 2% of the ship’s length. Note that this kind of loss of stability is not included in the regular stability values of
LOCOPIAS, because this loss of stability is usually temporary (only when balancing on a wave top). However,
sailing in following seas with approximately the same speed as the wave can lead to a prolonged period with
reduced stability, which may lead to dangerous situations.

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4.17 Ballast advice 87

4.17 Ballast advice

The usual way of making or simulating a loading is that the user wants to achieve a particular objective, such as
a maximum draft or maximum cargo weight, and then ‘plays’ with cargo and ballast in order to achieve that. With
this ‘ballast advice’ feature that process is partly automated: the user specifies the goal and boundary conditions,
and PIAS ‘plays’ with the ballast quantities in order to get that fixed. The word ‘ballast advice’ should be interpreted
somewhat broader, also the fuel can be included in this process.

In this ballast advice process two concepts play a role:

• Boundary conditions which are the loading parameters to be achieved, or whose limits are indicated. Such
as minimum draft, maximum heel etc.
• In general, an abundance of loadings will exist for which the conditions can be fulfilled, but only one of
them is optimal. This is specified by the optimization target, e.g. the goal ‘minimum amount of pumped
ballast water’ (which is actually an interpretation of the underlying goal ‘to achieve the desired loading in
the shortest possible time’).
The advice process searches the ballast quantity that fulfils the boundary conditions, and which is optimal from
the perspective of the optimization target. The operation is located in two places: the settings for a specific ship,
and the actual determination of the amount of ballast water in a loading condition. We start with the latter.

4.17.1 Determining the amount of ballast water in a loading condition

The ballast advice function is invoked with the ballast advice icon in the GUI (which is discussed in section 3.1
on page 7, Main window layout). First, an intermediate window comes up, which shows all the tanks that can be
used to achieve the desired state. Initially, all tanks are switched on, implying that from each of those tanks the
content can change. If that is not desired for some tanks these can be unchecked. Next comes an input window
where boundary conditions and optimization target can be set, the figure below shows an example.

The ballast advice input window.

In this window, you can specify numerical boundaries for six parameters: draft aft, draft forward, heel, dis-
placement, LCG and VCG, actually a desired value (target value) and an extreme value. These can be a maximum
and a minimum, so for each boundary condition four values can be given. The difference between target and
extreme value is simply that the extreme is far more stringent than a target. If only a single boundary condition
is used there will be no difference between the result with a target value and with an extreme value. However, if
multiple boundary conditions are used, a global solution will be searched, in which all boundary conditions are
fulfilled as much as possible. In such a case it is possible that not each and every boundary condition is rock solid,
in which case that one can be set to ‘target’. This may increase the efficiency of the solution. In addition, there is
also a boundary condition ‘slack tanks’, where you can specify the maximum number of simultaneous slack tanks.
Some stability rules impose a maximum on that.
The last tab of the input window contains the optimization target, one of these five:

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4.17 Ballast advice 88

• Minimum volume of pumped ballast water. Ballast water can, of course, be taken in from or discharged into
the sea.
• Switched off, i.e. there is no target at all; the first solution that meets the boundary condition(s) is then taken.
• Minimum volume of pumped ballast water, with fixed deplacement. This solution could also be found by
using the first target, combined with constraints on the displacement, but then for each loading condition the
desired displacement should be specified. In this way, it is easier.
• Minimum volume of pumped ballast water with fuel volume given below. Here the boundary conditions are
not met by just changing ballast, but also by the distribution of fuel over the fuel tanks. The total fuel volume
can be given on the next line of this tab. This ‘fuel’ option is only present in this window if the setting (in
the next paragraph) actually specifies that fuel tanks are involved in the ballast advice procedure.
• Minimum resistance. If the module Trim optimization is active, this optimization target can be selected to
get a ballast advice which results in the trim and displacements combination that minimizes the resistance
of the vessel. The dataset and internal procedures of the trim optimization module are used to achieve this.

Finally, in the last tab a check box ‘Calculate ballast advice’ is available. This must be switched on in order
actually compute the advice. The background of this box is that the calculation of the advice might take a consid-
erable amount of time, so that it may be desirable to leave this input window without calculation. And that can
be achieved by unchecking this box. If the ballast advice has been calculated then the conclusion will be printed
(or, alternatively, displayed as preview on screen, and the question is asked whether the loading conditions must
be adjusted in accordance with the advice. If done so, the original is lost. If that is not desired you should make a
copy in advance.
On the ballast advice as such some more remarks can be made:
• You can use as many boundary conditions as you like, but please consider that the solution is found itera-
tively. With as result that the computation time can increase significantly with the use of many boundary
conditions, especially when those are nearly or completely contradictory. If there is no solution (anyway,
if none is found), then that is reported, but no feedback is given on the reason thereof. As is common with
iterative search methods.
• Calculating the advice may require a huge number of intermediate steps, and can sometimes take a long time.
If that is deemed undesirable, it is recommended to avoid combinations with other calculation-intensive op-
tions, such as ‘shift of COG of liquids’, as much as possible. Another possibility to decrease the computation
time is using only the major tanks and skip the small ones.
• Tanks within a ‘tank combination’ are filled to the same level. If this combination contains a port and
starboard tank it will not be possible to neutralize a heeling angle with this combination.

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4.18 Trim optimization 89

4.18 Trim optimization

By interpolating between known data points it is possible to get an accurate view of the trim-resistance graph for a
particular loading condition at a specified speed. This graph can be used to asses whether it is advantageous to
trim the vessel. If both this module and the ballast advice module (see section 4.17 on page 87, Ballast advice)
are active, the ballast advice module can used to calculate the optmimal trim by specifying the ’minimal resistance’
optimization target.

This module revolves around the resistance-trim graph that is available in the main window or in the loading
modules using the Result Windows. (See section 4.1.3 on page 16, Result windows).

Example of a trim-resistance graph

In this graph the resistance is plotted as a function of the vessel’s trim, for a defined speed and the displacement
of the current loading condition. When these change the graph is updated automatically.
The speed and de delta displacement can be set for the current loading condition using the settings menu
Settings, in the tab ’Trim optimization’.
Aside from the main resistance-trim line, two other thinner lines can be plotted using the delta displace variable.
The delta displacement is a deviation from the current vessel displacement in percentages, so that the effect of a
change in displacement upon the resistance-trim graph can be seen at a glance. The delta displacement can be set
in the settings menu, or highered or lowered using the scrollwheel of the mouse.
The unit of Y-axis of the graph is the relative resistance in Newton. The graph is scaled so that the current trim
always has a value of zero on the Y-axis. The means that the effect for more or less trim is easily identified from
the graph.

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Chapter 5

Tank soundings including effects of list and trim

This module allows calculation of tank volumes and other tank data based on the actual list and trim of the vessel.
Temperature corrections can be computed according to common product data tables or to manual input. Different
output formats are available, including output to intact stability and longitudinal strength calculations. Further-
more, this module can retrieve data from an automatic draft and tank gauge system. The main menu for this
module is opened from the main window, and shows:

Tank contents with heel and trim

1 Specify list and trim
2 Calculate tank particulars
3 Print all tank particulars on paper
4 Cargo/ullage report, and historical cargo summary
5 Export tank data to a loading condition
6 Import tank data from tank measurement systeem
7 Up-to-date overview of filling and flow rate per tank

5.1 Specify list and trim

An input window pops up, where the following data can be given:

• Trim in meters (Trim by bow positive), which is the difference in draft on the FPP and the APP (Tfpp -
Tapp).
• Angle of inclination in degrees only positive angles can be filled in here.
• The above given heeling angle is to PS or SB.
• Mean draft. This draft is read out by the draft sensor, which is an option in the context of LOCOPIAS. For
calculating the tank capacities only, it is not required to give a draft.

5.2 Calculate tank particulars

In this menu, the calculated tank particulars are listed: Sounding, volume, density, weight, ullage, LCG, VCG,
TCG, FSM, Pressure (if pressure gauges are defined) and ROB (Residue On Bottom). If one of these items is
changed, the other items will be adjusted automatically. Note that the ullage is printed only if the sounding pipe
is defined, otherwise a “-” will be printed. When no sounding pipe is defined, the column [sounding] displays
the liquid level (relative to baseline, CL and App). If no sounding pipe is defined, the effect of trim cannot be
established. If the tank name is selected the menu ‘Product, temperature and density’ will appear. The following
data can be given:

Tank name
As defined in the LOCOPIAS vessel model.
Include this tank in ullage report
If this compartment should be included in the cargo/ullage report (for an example see section 5.4.1 on
page 92, Print Cargo/Ullage report on screen) then this field should be set to ‘yes’.
5.3 Print all tank particulars on paper 91

Product (substance)
The name of the product, which will be used in the cargo/ullage report.
Conversion table
For the calculation of the cargo weight of heated hydrocarbons, the following conversion tables are
available:
• No temperature correction.
• Correction factor per degree. The ‘Volume Correction Factor’ is calculated according to the defined
temperature and the correction factor per degree (coefficient of expansion).
• Volume Correction Factor. The ‘Volume Correction Factor’ can be defined directly.
• Table 54B. The ‘Volume Correction Factor’ is determined according to ASTM table 54B.
• Table 55. The ‘Volume Correction Factor’ is determined according to ASTM table 55.
Data link
This is the value that is sent by the tank measurement system (section 5.6 on page 94, Import tank data from
tank measurement systeem). The data link value is for checking purposes only.
Temperature
The standard temperature is 15°Celsius. The volume is determined at this temperature. The actual tempera-
ture of the substance can be defined here.
Volume (not corrected for expansion)
This is the volume that is calculated according to the sounding or ullage for this compartment. This volume
comes from the previous window with the list of all the compartments.
Density at 15°Celsius (in air)/(in vacuum)
The density of the substance at 15°Celsius can be defined here. If the density in air is defined, the density in
vacuum is calculated automatically. These two densities are connected to each other and cannot be defined
separately.
Correction factor per degree Celsius
This factor is used if the conversion table ‘Correction factor per degree’ has been selected, and calculates the
volume correction factor.
Volume Correction Factor
This factor can be determined with four different methods:
• This factor is defined manually, using conversion table ‘Volume Correction Factor’.
• This factor is calculated with the correction factor per degree and the difference between the standard
and actual temperature. The conversion table ‘Correction factor per degree’ must be selected.
• This factor is read out from the conversion table ‘Table 54B’.
• This factor is read out from the conversion table ‘Table 55’. This factor corrects the density at
15°Celsius of the substance for the actual temperature.
Temperature Expansion Factor
This factor corrects for the expansion of the tank at a higher temperature than 15°Celsius. This factor is
calculated automatically and cannot be defined manually.
Density at {defined temperature} degrees
Density at 15°Celsius × Volume Correction Factor.
Residue On Bottom (ROB)
Volume of the residue which will be subtracted from the volume of the tank contents.
Density × Temperature Expansion Factor
Density at 15°Celsius × Volume Correction Factor × Temperature Expansion Factor.
Weight
The weight is calculated according to: Volume (not corrected for expansion) × Density at 15°Celsius ×
Volume Correction Factor × Temperature Expansion Factor.

5.3 Print all tank particulars on paper

With this option the tank volumes etc. (the same as in the input window of the previous option, see section 5.2 on
page 90, Calculate tank particulars) will be printed. An example is pasted just below.

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5.4 Cargo/ullage report, and historical cargo summary 92

Table with tank volumes and COGs.

5.4 Cargo/ullage report, and historical cargo summary

Cargo/ullage report, and historical cargo summary

1 Print Cargo/Ullage report on screen

2 Print Cargo/Ullage report on paper
3 Print historical cargo summary
4 View and maintain historical cargo summary

5.4.1 Print Cargo/Ullage report on screen

This option allows you to print an overview of all onboard cargoes, including their weight, temperature effect,
sounding and ullage etc., see example below. This list includes only those tanks of which the detail particulars
(as discussed in section 5.2 on page 90, Calculate tank particulars), at the second row ‘include this tank in ullage
report’ is switched on. Before this report is created some more questions might be asked, such as the Bill of Lading
weight, and whether this list should be stored at the historical cargo summary.

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5.5 Export tank data to a loading condition 93

Example of a cargo/ullage report.

5.4.2 Print Cargo/Ullage report on paper

The same as previous option, albeit with output to paper.

5.4.3 Print historical cargo summary

5.4.4 View and maintain historical cargo summary
These options will speak for themselves.

5.5 Export tank data to a loading condition

A list of all defined loading conditions appears. One of these loading conditions can be selected. The selected
loading condition will be copied and the tank data of the sounding module will be sent to this copy. The name of
this new loading condition will be: name of selected loading condition + ‘tank reading’ + date + time.

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5.6 Import tank data from tank measurement systeem 94

5.6 Import tank data from tank measurement systeem

With this option the soundings or ullages of the tank measurement system can be read out and processed in the list
of all tanks (section 5.2 on page 90, Calculate tank particulars).

5.7 Up-to-date overview of filling and flow rate per tank

This option opens a window in which the current filling and flow rates are displayed for each tank, as well as the
remaining time until the desired filling percentage will be reached. These values are refreshed by default every
five minutes, but that interval is adjustable. Obviously, this option can only work if there a connection with a tank
measurement system is available.

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Chapter 6

Miscellaneous subjects

6.1 Operation of LOCOPIAS and general functions

General functions in the menu bar are described in this section. Note that not all general functions are included in
each and every menu bar. Specific options are described in the appropriate sections of the manual. Options can
be selected by clicking the desired option on the menu bar or by pressing the underlined letter of the function (in
combination with the <Alt>).

Help
This option opens a help reader. This is context-sensitive, so opens the manual page related to the menu or
function from where [Help] was activated.
Insert
This option will insert a new row in the menu, just above the location of the text cursor. Occasionally, it
might not be allowed to add a new row, for instance if the maximum number of rows has been reached. In
that case nothing will happen.
New
Similar to [Insert], however now the row will be inserted just below the text cursor.
Remove
This option deletes the row of the text cursor (unless that row is not allowed to be removed).
Edit
• Copy. This option will copy the data from the text cursor to Window’s clipboard
• Paste. To paste the clipboard content to the text cursor cell.
Window, Result windows
Choose stability, shear forces, bending moments or torsional moments to display the corresponding graph
in a overlay window. These graphs give real-time feedback while loading cargo or modifying contents of
tanks.

Examples of result windows.

6.2 Content and options in the cells of selection windows and input windows
With respect to the cells of an input window, a distinction can be made between three methods of interaction;
6.3 Preview of output to screen, and export of computation results 96

1. Select, i.e. go to the underlying window or menu, with <Enter> or <double click left mouse button>.
2. Enter a free value or name, such as the vertical center of gravity for a weight item, or the name of the weight
item. That value or this name can simply be typed on the keyboard.
3. Choose from a limited number of predefined values, such as the weight group. After such a choice a popup
window comes up where the selection can be made. Making a choice from predefined types is simply also
a way of data input, just like the entry of a name or a number, and is therefore also invoked by a convenient
key on the keyboard, such as a letter or a number, but most conveniently with an easily accessible key such
as <Spacebar> or <+> or <-> on the numeric keypad — or <F5>, which leaves no trace if accidentally
used in cells which do accept textual input. Working with the mouse, the choice of such a predefined type is
initiated by the <middle mouse button>. A third way to invoke the selection of predefined types is described
in the bold text below.

In order to indicate which of these three actions apply in a particular cell, symbols are located on the side of
the cell with the most free space, that is to say, on the left if the text in the cell is right aligned, and on the right if
the text is placed left. Moreover, also combinations may be possible of the three actions, such as that at a loading
condition its name can be changed by typing and, by pressing <Enter>, so that this loading condition can be
accessed in order to enter tank fillings and weights.
These symbolic indications are as follows:
1. Select with <Enter>: a small triangle at the top of the cell.
2. To choose from predefined values: a rectangle in the middle of the cell. For completeness, this rectangle is
not only a passive indication that this cell contains predefined types, but also an active switch which will
pop up the selection window when doubly clicked with the left mouse button.
3. Typing text: a small triangle at the bottom of the cell.

Symbolic indications at the edges of the cell.

6.3 Preview of output to screen, and export of computation results


To get the LOCOPIAS output on screen, go to the menu bar of the [Main screen] and select [Setup] [Print options]
and then select ‘Preview/clipboard’.

Print options.

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6.4 Definitions and units 97

A preview on screen can be copied and pasted in external editing programs (e.g. Word or Paint) by means of
the options [Copyall] and [Copypage]. With these functions you can paste all output or only the current page. The
level of formatting of the text is determined by choosing Richtext, Text, Tabbedtext, or Image.
Richtext
Copy to clipboard in RTF, a format for word processing programs such as Microsoft Word.
Text
Copy to clipboard in a format for ASCII-based programs such as Notepad.
Tabbedtext
Copy to clipboard in a format suitable for spreadsheets such as Microsoft Excel.
Image
Copy to clipboard in image format.

Preview on screen.

6.4 Definitions and units

Global definitions.

Units
Unless stated otherwise, all dimensions are in meters, volumes in m3 , weights in metric tons.
App
Aft perpendicular. All longitudinal distances are related to App. If App coincides with the rudderstock, then
the part aft of App has negative longitudinal coordinates, that is not peculiar.
Fpp
Forward perpendicular. Position of Fpp is fixed as App + Lpp.
Lpp
Length between perpendiculars, Lpp is the distance between App and Fpp.

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6.5 LCG and weight distribution of weight items 98

Baseline
All vertical distances relate to baseline, positive upwards.
CL
Centerline. All transverse distances relate to CL, with SB being positive and PS negative.
Draft
Distance between the baseline and the waterline, measured along the vessel’s vertical axis.
Mean draft
Draft at Lpp/2
Draft aft
Draft at App
Draft fore
Draft at Fpp
Trim
Draft fore minus draft aft (according to ISO 7462).
Trim at the bow
Trim at the bow has a positive value
Trim at the stern
Trim at the stern has a negative value
Density
Specific weight. The weight per unit volume of a substance, in ton/m3
Programs
LOCOPIAS Loading Computer Software and LOCOPIAS Tank Soundings are referred to as programs. They
can be started independently.
Modules
Modules can be opened from the main screen of LOCOPIAS Loading Computer Software.

A consequence of the definition of draft is that at large heeling angles the draft may be quite large, as illustrated
by the sketch below, so consequently the trim may also be large at greater angles.

Examples of drafts, according to its definitions.

6.5 LCG and weight distribution of weight items

In cases where the LCG is not within the middle 1/3 of the distance between the fore and aft boundary, the line
of weight distribution becomes negative at the boundaries. Sometimes this is correct (for example, in case of a
crane where the center of gravity of the load is actually outside the boundaries of the crane), sometimes it is not

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6.6 Installation of LOCOPIAS 99

correct. Therefore this is checked at every longitudinal strength calculation and the user will get a message where
appropriate.
Two examples of common weight distributions:
1. a weight item of 100 tonnes,
• Center of gravity at 50 m
• Boundaries at 40 and 60 m.
2. a weight item of 75 tonnes,
• Center of gravity at 50 m
• Boundaries at 40 and 70 m.
The corresponding weight distributions are shown in the figure below (nr. 1 on the left, nr. 2 on the right).

Examples of weight distributions.

6.6 Installation of LOCOPIAS

Go to [Link] , click [Login]. Log in with your personal credentials.
After logging in you will be shown a download page with a file, in this case ’[Link]’. You can download
this file by left-clicking the file title. After the download finished, open the file to start the installation.

The window below will pop-up onto your screen.

After reading the ’License Agreement’, select ’I agree with the above terms and conditions’, and, press [Next].

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6.6 Installation of LOCOPIAS 100

Select an installation folder, C:LOCOPIAS\ name-ship is pre-defined but not obligatory. After choosing the
folder, press [Next].

If an older version of LOCOPIAS is installed on this computer, the program automatically detects the previous
LOCOPIAS and this will be uninstalled if you select the window next to ’Uninstall previous version’. After doing
this, press [Next]. If you don’t have an older version of LOCOPIAS , this window won’t appear and you can skip to
the next page.

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6.6 Installation of LOCOPIAS 101

A pop-up window will appear when the previous LOCOPIAS is removed. Press [OK] to continue installing the
new LOCOPIAS .

LOCOPIAS now will be installed, this will take a few seconds, If the installment is completed, the pop-up
window below will appear. To finish the installation, please click [Finish].

LOCOPIAS is now installed on your computer, to start LOCOPIAS please go to the folder you have selected to
install LOCOPIAS or click on the shortcut which is on your desktop.

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6.7 Supported formats of data exchange files 102

6.7 Supported formats of data exchange files

The General Cargo module of LOCOPIAS supports three formats of data exchange files:
• CSV (Comma Separated Values), import only, see section 6.7.1 on the current page, Import CSV file.
• VCC (Visual Cargo Care), import and output section 6.7.2 on the following page, Import & export VCC(←-
Visual Cargo Care) file.
• An Excel-file, import only, see section 6.7.3 on the next page, Import Excel file.

6.7.1 Import CSV file

According to the CSV (Comma Separated Values) standard. An example is shown below.
SUCTION_PILE , 182 , 64.38 , 4.551 , -5.66 , 5.5 , 0.5 , 5.6 , 2.8 , 29.6 , 15.6 , 0 , HOUSTON , GULF_OF_MEXICO
REEL , 200 , 93.356 , 20.713 , 4.69 , 8.77 , 0.51 , 8.6 , 4.3 , 6.17 , 3.09 , 0 , AMSTERDAM , DUBLIN
REEL , 190 , 103.276 , 20.713 , 4.48 , 8.77 , 0.51 , 8.6 , 4.3 , 6.17 , 3.09 , 0 , AMSTERDAM , DUBLIN
PLATFORM , 200 , 64.88 , 17.741 , 0.07 , 3 , 0.5 , 20 , 10 , 20 , 10 , 0 , ST-NAZAIRE , ABU-DHABI
CASE , 230 , 106.43 , 7.121 , 5.72 , 7 , 0.5 , 5 , 2.5 , 10.76 , 5.38 , 0 , AMSTERDAM , ROTTERDAM
CASE , 500 , 108.17 , 18.291 , -6.04 , 4.1 , 0.5 , 4 , 2 , 30 , 15 , 0 , AMSTERDAM , ROTTERDAM
PLATFORM , 200 , 28.02 , 17.741 , -0.04 , 3 , 0.5 , 20 , 10 , 20 , 10 , 0 , ST-NAZAIRE , ABU-DHABI
DERRICK-BOOM-100MT , 100 , 67.2 , 3.941 , 0.78 , 4.28 , 0.5 , 4.45 , 2.23 , 56.39 , 28.2 , 0 , FENIT , BARCELONA
LIFT-SUPPORT , 1.9 , 91.46 , 2.201 , -3.88 , 0.8 , 0.5 , 2 , 1 , 7.7 , 3.85 , 0 , FENIT , BARCELONA
CASE , 52 , 106.16 , 6.621 , -5.81 , 4 , 0.75 , 5 , 2.5 , 10 , 5 , 0 , AMSTERDAM , KATWIJK
LIFT-SUPPORT , 1.7 , 35.25 , 2.201 , 4.67 , 0.8 , 0.5 , 2.1 , 1.05 , 6 , 3 , 0 , FENIT , BARCELONA
CASE , 300 , 111.14 , 6.321 , 0.15 , 5.4 , 0.5 , 3 , 1.5 , 20 , 10 , 0 , AMSTERDAM , KATWIJK
REEL , 230 , 50.194 , 20.706 , 0.11 , 14.54 , 0.307 , 8.6 , 4.3 , 10.7 , 5.35 , 0 , AMSTERDAM , DUBLIN

CSV files should be formatted as follows. Each row contains fourteen data fields representing the following
information in order, separated by commas:
1. Cargo name
2. Weight [T]
3. LCG [m from APP]
4. VCG [m from BASE]
5. TCG [m from CL, PS = “+”]
6. Height of cargo [m]
7. zCG [% of height, field 6] Vertical position of CoG, from the base of the cargo.
8. Width of cargo [m]
9. yCG [m] Transverse position of CoG (see the picture below)
10. Length of cargo [m]
11. xCG [m] Longitudinal position of CoG (see the picture below)
12. Rotation angle [degrees] (see the picture below)
13. Port of loading
14. Port of discharge

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6.7 Supported formats of data exchange files 103

6.7.2 Import & export VCC(Visual Cargo Care) file

The VCC file is in essence a XML file which describes the situation of all the general cargo data that is to be
imported. An example of one such a cargo item, in the XML file, is shown below. This file is generated in the
program called ‘Visual Cargo Care’. For more information on this product go to [Link],
click here1 for a demo of the program.
<Loading_conditions>
<Loading_condition>
<Loading_condition_name>Toestand 1</Loading_condition_name>
<Loading_condition_guid>385CC14F-72D5-4B8E-A069-E658C1BAF9A5</Loading_condition_guid>
<Weight_items>
<Weight_item>
<Name>Giant cargo</Name>
<Type_of_weight_item>general cargo</Type_of_weight_item>
<Weight>500.000000</Weight>
<Weight_group_name>not applicable</Weight_group_name>
<Geometrical_defined_weight_item>
<Loaded>loaded</Loaded>
<Length>20.000000</Length>
<Breadth>5.000000</Breadth>
<Height>2.500000</Height>
<Local_longitudinal_centre_of_gravity>10.000000</Local_longitudinal_centre_of_gravity>
<Local_transverse_centre_of_gravity>0.000000</Local_transverse_centre_of_gravity>
<Local_vertical_centre_of_gravity>1.250000</Local_vertical_centre_of_gravity>
<Angle_with_centreline_plane>0.000000</Angle_with_centreline_plane>
<Group_abbreviation>CAR</Group_abbreviation>
</Geometrical_defined_weight_item>
</Weight_item>
</Weight_items>
</Loading_condition>
</Loading_conditions>

6.7.3 Import Excel file

With this function an Excel file can be imported. There is, however, one prerequisite: the Excel file must be
formatted as a list of items, meaning a column contains the same type of data over every row. An example, column


A contains the name and column B contains the weight of the item.
Via the option [Excel] [Edit], one enters a menu where one can make new Excel formats, and give the format


a distinguishable name.
A created format can be executed via the option [Excel ] [ The given name of an Excel format]. If a format is
invoked a popup window appears where one can select the Excel file that needs to be imported. If one specified
a ‘Default location Excel file’, see General settings, then the popup should have jumped automatically to the
specified location. After this the Excel file should be read and LOCOPIAS should process the read data. It should
be noted that one should check if the Excel file was read properly and, if not, change the format accordingly.
After creating a new Excel format, one can enter the newly created Excel format where some general and
format specific information must be defined.

Setting Excel format: ‘Name of format’

1. General settings
2. Column settings

[Link] General settings

A number of options with regard to importing data from an Excel file appears.

Sheet name
This name must be identical to the sheet name in the Excel file which contains the data to be imported.
Applicable to
Most of the time this setting is already set, but if one wanted to make a new format for a different module
this should be set. This option can be limited to a specific module meaning that one cannot always change
this option.
1 [Link]

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6.7 Supported formats of data exchange files 104

Start reading on row

If this is zero, than the Excel sheet will be read from row 1. If this is set to anything other than zero, it will
start reading the Excel sheet from the specified row.
Start minimized
That Excel should be started minimized opposed to maximized.
Save after reading
If the Excel file should be saved after reading.
Quit after reading
If after reading the Excel file, the Excel program should be closed.
Default location Excel file
Here one can specify a location which would contain most of the time the to be imported Excel file.

Note

The options ‘Start minimized’, ‘Save after reading’ and ‘Quit after reading’ will have no effect if Excel was
not invoked by LOCOPIAS.

[Link] Column settings

Here one must specify which column in the specified Excel sheet contains which type of data.

Column
This name should be identical as in the Excel sheet.
Typ column
This identifies the kind of data this specified column contains, as defined in General settings.

© SARC, Bussum, The Netherlands October 4, 2022

Chapter 7

Formalities

LOCOPIAS has no protection against copying. Therefore, for any given vessel, LOCOPIAS may be distributed at
the discretion of the owner, for example for office use or training. Although flexible, use of LOCOPIAS is not
without restrictions, see section 7.2 on this page, License conditions. LOCOPIAS is produced by:

SARC BV
Landstraat 5
1404 JD Bussum
The Netherlands
Tel. +31 85 04 09 040
Web [Link]
Email sarc@[Link]

7.1 Downloads
New and updated versions of LOCOPIAS are distributed on a USB-stick or via the download section1 of the
SARC website [Link]. Access to LOCOPIAS installation files is granted after entering the username and
matching password. Again, distribution of username and password is at the discretion of the owner.

7.2 License conditions

Licensor:
Scheepsbouwkundig Advies & RekenCentrum (SARC) BV
Landstraat 5
1404 JD Bussum, The Netherlands
Web [Link] , Email sarc@[Link]

Licensor grants to user who accepts, subject to the following terms and conditions, a nonexclusive right to use
the LOCOPIAS software:
1. The software may be used on board of that specific single vessel the software was destined for. If applied to
that single specific vessel it may also be used at the ship owner’s shore office, and at the shipyard where that
vessel was built.
2. For archival and security purposes the software may be copied in its entirety or partly, but only for use by
the user.
3. User shall not modify, adjust, translate, counterfeit, decompile, demount, disassemble the software or make
works that are based on it.
4. For the current system requirements for LOCOPIAS, please refer to the information on our website www.
[Link]/system-requirements
5. Licensor is the owner of the software and documentation, and also owns its copyright. Only the license is
purchased by the user.
1 [Link]
7.3 Certificates 106

6. Subject to an attributable failing or a wonderful act, the user cannot hold SARC liable for any damage
resulting from, or related to, the use of or not being able to use the software, and indemnifies the licensor
against all claims of third parties due to such damage.
7. The liability of SARC for damages suffered by the customer, being the result of an attributable failing or
wonderful act, is limited to the purchase price of the software license.
8. The restriction from the previous article does not apply in case of foul play or serious misconduct, in which
case the liability is limited to C250,000.
9. To licensors best knowledge the software is correct. Licensor does not warrant the correctness of the software
or any part of it however.
10. Updates of the software, if applicable, will in general only contain enhancements and extended functionality.
However, licensor does not guarantee that functions of less importance will always remain to exist. Addi-
tionally, licensor does not guarantee that updates will always lead to exactly the same calculation results as
the original software (for example, in an update a more exact calculation procedure might be applied).
11. Even if the software is initially approved by a regulatory body or a classification society, licensor does not
guarantee that this approval will remain valid eternally, or that this approval is also applicable to updates of
the software.
12. User is obliged to ensure that the terms and conditions of this agreement are also valid for subsequent owners.
13. This agreement shall be governed by, and interpreted in accordance with, the laws of the Netherlands. Dis-
putes will be subjected to the judgment of a Dutch court.
Last modification date of these license conditions: January 30, 2018

7.3 Certificates
LOCOPIAS is accepted by all major classification societies and complies with Cat. B and C of ISO standard
16155. (Shipboard Loading Instruments). Just below, some of the type approval certificates of PIAS and LOC←-
OPIAS of some major bodies have been included. Other societies may not issue type approval certificates at all,
or SARC has not requested for such certificates. In that case classification societies have approval procedures for
each ship-specific LOCOPIAS version. Note that no LOCOPIAS version has ever been denied approval by any of
the classification societies SARC has come across, regardless whether or not that class had issued type approval
certificates for LOCOPIAS or PIAS.
So, each ship-specific LOCOPIAS version requires in general an individual appraisal by a classification society
or authority. The availability of a type approval certificate can assist in that procedure, but is not always required.
And if a ship-specific certificate has been issued, the type approval certificate — and its expiry date — is not
relevant anymore. After all, if updates of LOCOPIAS would be installed they would require a renewed ship-specific
appraisal, but existing LOCOPIAS’s are continuously covered by their ship-specific certificate.

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7.3 Certificates 107

Certificate Germanischer Lloyd.

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7.3 Certificates 108

Certificate Norwegian Maritime Directorate.

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7.3 Certificates 109

Certificate Netherlands Shipping Inspection.

© SARC, Bussum, The Netherlands October 4, 2022

7.3 Certificates 110

Certificate Lloyd’s Register (2021-2024) 1/2.

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7.3 Certificates 111

Certificate Lloyd’s Register (2021-2024) 2/2.

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7.3 Certificates 112

Certificate Lloyd’s Register (2021-2024) 1/2.

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7.3 Certificates 113

Certificate Lloyd’s Register (2021-2024) 2/2.

© SARC, Bussum, The Netherlands October 4, 2022

7.3 Certificates 114

Certificate Lloyd’s Register (2012-2017 1/2.

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7.3 Certificates 115

Certificate Lloyd’s Register (2012-2017) 2/2.

© SARC, Bussum, The Netherlands October 4, 2022

Index

.NET Framework, 6 Line of sight, 11

64-bits Windows, 5 List of weight items, 66
Lloyds Register type approval certificate, 106
Actual shift of liquid, 68 Loading condition check, 12
ASTM tables, 91 Loading condition comprehensive output (Class Re-
port), 13
Ballast advice, 87
Loading condition import/export, 10
Ballast loading advice, 87
Loading condition output, 13
BAPLIE, 29
Loading condition test conditions, 13
Boundaries of a weight item, 69
Loss of stability (danger in seaway), 86
Certificates of approval, 106 Mac (Apple), 6
Clipboard, export LOCOPIAS results to, 97 Main screen 2D\3D view, 14
Container loading module, 28, 33 main window, 7
Crane, loading by, 60 main window layout, 7
CSV file format, 102 Missing [Link], 6
Damage cases, 71 modules available, 3
Damage stability, 70 Monitoring, 14
Damaged compartments, 71 night colors, 8
Dangerous goods, 44 Norwegian Maritime Directorate certificate, 106
Database of standard weight items, 66
Definitions and units, 97 Optimization of ballast quantity, 87
Density water, 11
Download LOCOPIAS, 105 Preview of output to screen, 96
Draft survey, 73
Draft, definition of, 98 Quartering and following seas, 85
Dutch Shipping Inspection certificate, 106
Residue On Bottom, 91
Error 0xc0000142, 6 Rich Text Format, 97
Error 142, 6 ROB (Residue On Bottom), 91
Excel, import from, 103 RoRo cargo loading tool, 23
RTF, 97
FAQ, 5
Free Surface Moment, 68 Safe Working Load (SWL) of crane, 63
Frequently Asked Questions, 5 Settings, 11
Ship-specific data, 1
General approach, 9 SLF 39/3/3, 85
General cargo module, 56 Sort weight items, 66
Germanischer Lloyd type approval certificate, 106 Sounding and ullage report, 92
Grain bulkheads and grain holds, 67 Standard weight items, 66
Surfriding and broaching, 85
Heavy rolling, 86
Hydrocarbons, 91 TEF (Temperature Expansion Factor), 91
Temperature Expansion Factor, 91
IMDG, 44 Terms of use, 105
IMO SLF 39/3/3, 85 Test conditions, 1
Insert new row, 95 Trim at larger heel, 98
Installation of LOCOPIAS, 99 Trim optimization, 89
ISO standard 16155, 2 Type approval certificates, 106

License conditions, 105 Ullage report, 92

INDEX 117

VCC file format, 103

Visual C++, 6
Visual Cargo Care, 103

Weight group, assigning weight items to a, 69

Weight groups, 8
Window, Result windows, 95

© SARC, Bussum, The Netherlands October 4, 2022