Chapter 1: Abstract Page no.

01

Abstract

1.1 Objective of smart lock:

The primary objective of this project is to design and implement a keypad-based door lock
system using an Arduino Uno for secure and efficient access control. This system aims to
enhance security by allowing access only to authorized individuals through a predefined
password entered via keypad.

The motive behind this project is to develop a secure, efficient, and user-friendly access control
system using a keypad based password mechanism. In an era where security threats such as
unauthorized access, theft, and breakdown the lock are increasing, normal lock and key
mechanisms have several limitations, including the risk of lost, stolen, or duplicated keys.

This project aims to provide a cost-effective and reliable solution by utilizing digital
authentication through a 4x3 keypad, an LCD display for feedback, and a servo lock, all
controlled by an Arduino Uno.

This seminar report explores the design, functionality, and implementation of the Password Lock
System, outlining its role in securing digital systems. The report also highlights the importance
of password-based security in the context of modern-day security.

1.2 Benefits & Drawbacks:

When you want to upgrade your home security, understanding how both keypad and keyless
entry systems work is the best place to start.

Keypad entry systems offer convenience without compromising security. They feature a numeric
keypad where you input a specific code to unlock your door. It’s that simple: No fumbling for
keys; just remember your code. You can easily reset this code whenever you need, which is
great for giving temporary access or beefing up security if you suspect your code has been
compromised.

Advantages:

High-tech security features - Keyless options incorporate technologies like biometrics and
Bluetooth for enhanced security.
Chapter 1 : Abstract Page No. 02

Remote access and notifications- Unlock your door from anywhere using a smart device and
receive notifications about door status.

Integration with smart home systems - Seamlessly connect your locks with other smart home
devices for a unified home automation experience.

Disadvantages:

Complexity - This option may require a steeper learning curve and more complex installation.

Potential issues with connectivity and power - It relies on a continuous power supply and
internet connection, which can be disrupted.

Higher cost - Advanced features generally make these more expensive than traditional and
keypad lock systems.

How to make :
Step 1: Components Required

- Arduino Uno
- Keypad
- Power supply (DC)
- LCD Display
- Servo Lock
- Program/Code (written on a laptop/computer)

Step 2: Connecting the Components

1. Connect the power supply to the Arduino Uno.

2. Connect the keypad to the Arduino Uno.
3. Write the program/code on the laptop/computer (in Arduino ide software) and upload it
to the Arduino Uno.

Step 3: System Operation

1. The Arduino Uno receives input from the keypad.

2. The Arduino Uno processes the input based on the uploaded program/code.
3. The Arduino Uno sends output signals to the LCD Display and Servo Lock.
4. The LCD Display displays relevant information (about entered code,& lock status).
Chapter 1 : Abstract Page No.03

5. The Servo Lock is controlled by the Arduino Uno, locking or unlocking the door based
on the correct code entry.

Step 4: System Functionality

1. The user enters a code using the keypad.

2. The Arduino Uno checks the entered code against the stored code in the program.
3. If the code is correct, the Servo Lock unlocks the door.
4. If the code is incorrect, the Servo Lock remains locked.

Components features:

- The Arduino Uno is the central processing unit of the system.

- The keypad provides user input.
- The LCD Display provides visual feedback.
- The Servo Lock controls the door lock mechanism.
- The power supply powers the entire system.
Chapter 2 : Introduction Page No. 04

Introduction

2.1 Overview of keypad lock

The Arduino-based keypad lock is an electronic locking system that uses a keypad to enter a code,
which is then verified by the Arduino microcontroller to grant or deny access. Here’s an overview of the
system:

Key Features :

1. Keypad Input: The system uses a keypad to accept user input, allowing users to enter a code to
unlock the door.

2. Arduino Microcontroller: The Arduino Uno microcontroller processes the user input and verifies the
code against a stored code.

3. Servo Lock Mechanism: The system uses a servo motor to control the lock mechanism, which can
be locked or unlocked based on the correct code entry.

4. LCD Display: The system includes an LCD display to provide visual feedback to the user, such as
displaying the entered code or lock status.

How it Works:

1. The user enters a code using the keypad.

2. The Arduino microcontroller processes the input and checks it against the stored code.

3. If the code is correct, the Arduino sends a signal to the servo motor to unlock the door.

4. If the code is incorrect, the Arduino keeps the door locked.

Benefits:

1. Secure Access Control: The system provides secure access control, as only authorized users with
the correct code can unlock the door.

2. Convenience: The keypad lock eliminates the need for physical keys, making it a convenient option
for users.

3. Customizable: The system can be customized to fit specific needs, such as changing the code or
adding additional features.
Chapter 2 : Introduction Page No. 05
Potential Applications:

1. Residential Security: The keypad lock can be used in residential settings, such as homes or
apartments, to provide an additional layer of security.

2. Commercial Security: The system can be used in commercial settings, such as offices or
warehouses, to control access to restricted areas.

3. Industrial Automation: The keypad lock can be integrated into industrial automation systems to
control access to machinery or equipment.

overall, the Arduino-based keypad lock is a versatile and secure access control system that can be
used in various applications, providing easy and customizable solution for users.

2.2 Components description

 Arduino uno:

The Arduino Uno is a popular open-source microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
microcontroller. It's a versatile and user-friendly platform for building a wide range of projects, from
simple circuits to complex robots.

Key Features:

1. Microcontroller: ATmega328P

2. Operating Voltage: 5V

3. Digital I/O Pins:14 (6 PWM outputs)

4. Analog Input Pins: 6

5. Memory:32 KB Flash Memory, 2 KB SRAM, 1 KB EEPROM

6. Clock Speed:16 MHz

Chapter 2: Introduction Page No. 06
Characteristics:

1. Easy to Use: Arduino Uno is designed for beginners and experts alike, with a simple and intuitive
programming language.

2. Open-Source: The Arduino platform is open-source, allowing users to modify and share their
projects.

3. Versatile: The board can be used for a wide range of applications, including robotics, automation,
and Iota projects.

4. Community Support: Arduino has a large and active community, providing extensive resources,
tutorials, and libraries.

Applications:

1. Robotics: Arduino Uno is often used in robotics projects, such as line followers, obstacle avoiders,
and robotic arms.

2. Home Automation: The board can be used to control and automate various home appliances and
systems.

3. IoT Projects: Arduino Uno can be used to build IoT projects, such as weather stations, smart lighting,
and security systems.

4. Education: The board is widely used in educational institutions to teach programming, electronics,
and robotics.

Advantages:

1. Low Cost: Arduino Uno is an affordable platform, making it accessible to hobbyists and students.

2. Easy to Learn: The board has a gentle learning curve, making it suitable for beginners.

3. Large Community: The Arduino community provides extensive support, resources, and libraries.

Overall, the Arduino Uno is a powerful and versatile platform for building a wide range of projects, from
simple to complex. Its ease of use, open-source nature, and large community make it an ideal choice
for hobbyists, students, and professionals alike.

 Keypad:
Chapter 2: Introduction Page No.07

The keypad used in this Arduino-based keypad lock system project is a 4x4 matrix keypad, which is a
common type of keypad used in various applications. Here's a description of the keypad and its
potential uses:

Key Features:

1. 4x4 Matrix: The keypad has 4 rows and 4 columns, making a total of 16 keys.

2. Key Layout: The keypad has a standard numeric keypad layout, with numbers 0-9, and additional
keys for "*", "#", "A", "B", "C", and "D".

3. Key Type: The keys are typically membrane-type keys, which are durable and resistant to wear and
tear.

4. Connection: The keypad is connected to a microcontroller or other device using a set of wires,
typically 8 wires (4 rows and 4 columns).

Potential Uses:

[Link] Systems: The keypad can be used as an input device for security systems, such as alarm
systems or access control systems.

2. Robotics: The keypad can be used to control robots, allowing users to input commands or data.

3. Industrial Control: The keypad can be used in industrial control systems, such as control panels or
monitoring systems.

4. Prototyping: The keypad can be used in prototyping projects, allowing developers to test and
demonstrate their ideas.
Chapter 2: Introduction Page No. 08
Advantages:

1. Compact: The keypad is relatively compact, making it suitable for use in a variety of applications.

2. Easy to Use: The keypad is easy to use, with a simple and intuitive layout.

3. Durable: The keypad is designed to be durable and withstand repeated use.

Potential Projects:

1. Keypad Lock: The keypad can be used to create a keypad lock, which can be used to secure doors
or other access points.

2. Robot Control: The keypad can be used to control robots, allowing users to input commands or data.

3. Security System: The keypad can be used to create a security system, which can be used to monitor
and control access to a building or area.

Overall, the 4x4 matrix keypad is a versatile and user-friendly input device that can be used in a variety
of applications, from security systems to robotics and industrial control.

 Power supply :

The power supply for this project consists of two 3.7V lithium-ion batteries connected in a
configuration(series) that is likely managed by the circuit board shown in the image.

Battery Specifications:

- Type: 18650 Lithium-ion batteries

- Capacity: 2000mAh

- Voltage: 3.7V

- Energy: 7.4Wh (per battery)

Chapter 2: Introduction Page No.09
Power Supply Configuration:

- The two batteries are connected in series configuration to provide the required voltage and capacity
for the project.

- The circuit board is used to manage the charging and discharging of the batteries, ensuring safe and
efficient operation.

Power Supply Features:

- The power supply is rechargeable, with the circuit board likely featuring a charging circuit that allows
the batteries to be recharged via the USB connector.

- The power supply is likely designed to provide a stable output voltage, possibly 5V or another voltage
required by the project. (the output can vary using POT)

- The use of lithium-ion batteries provides a high energy density and relatively long cycle life, making
the power supply suitable for a variety of applications.

Advantages:

- High energy density and capacity

- Rechargeable, reducing waste and cost

- Compact and lightweight design

Overall, the power supply is designed to provide a reliable and efficient source of power for the project,
with features such as recharge ability and high energy density.

 LCD display :

Component Overview :

The 16x2 LCD screen is a liquid crystal display that can show 16 characters per line across two lines,
making it suitable for displaying short messages or status updates. It is mounted on a green printed
circuit board (PCB) with 16 pins for connectivity.
Chapter 2: Introduction Page No. 10
Key Features:

1. Display Capacity: The LCD can display 32 characters (16 characters per line across two lines),
making it ideal for simple text-based feedback in a keypad lock system.

2. Connectivity: The component has 16 pins that connect to a microcontroller or other control circuitry.
The pinout is detailed in the table next to the LCD, showing the function of each pin, such as power
supply (VSS, VDD), data bus (D0-D7), and control signals (RS, RW, E).

3. Functionality in a Keypad Lock System: In a keypad lock system, this LCD screen can be used to
display various messages, such as:

- Prompts for entering a password or PIN.

- Feedback on the correctness of the entered password (e.g., "Correct" or "Incorrect").

- System status messages (e.g., "Locked" or "Unlocked").

- Error messages or warnings.

Integration with Keypad Lock System:

To integrate this LCD screen into a keypad lock system, you would typically connect its pins to a
microcontroller (like an Arduino) according to the pinout provided. The microcontroller would then
control what is displayed on the LCD based on the system's state and user inputs from the keypad.

Advantages:

- Provides clear and immediate feedback to the user.

- Enhances the user interface of the keypad lock system.

- Can be used to display a variety of messages, making the system more interactive.

The 16x2 LCD display is a versatile and user-friendly component that can significantly enhance the
functionality and user experience of a keypad lock system by providing visual feedback and guidance to
the user.
Chapter 2: Introduction Page No. 11

 Servo lock:

A servo lock is an essential component in a keypad lock system, responsible for the mechanical
actuation of the lock. Here's a detailed description of a servo lock in the context of a keypad lock
system:

What is a Servo Lock?

A servo lock is a type of locking mechanism that uses a servo motor to control the locking and
unlocking of a device or object. In a keypad lock system, the servo lock is typically used to actuate a
latch or bolt that secures the door or container.

Features:

1. Servo Motor: The heart of the servo lock is a servo motor, which is a type of DC motor that can be
precisely controlled to rotate to a specific angle. This allows for accurate and reliable control of the
locking mechanism.

2. Locking Mechanism: The servo motor is connected to a mechanical linkage that actuates the lock.
When the servo motor rotates to a specific angle, it either engages or disengages the lock, allowing the
door or container to be opened or closed.

3. Control: The servo lock is typically controlled by a microcontroller or other control circuitry, which
sends signals to the servo motor to rotate to the desired angle.

How it Works in a Keypad Lock System:

Chapter 2: Introduction Page No. 12
1. User Input: The user enters a password or PIN on the keypad.

2. Authentication: The microcontroller checks the entered password against a stored value. If the
password is correct, the microcontroller sends a signal to the servo lock.

3. Unlocking: The servo motor rotates to the "unlock" position, actuating the locking mechanism and
allowing the door or container to be opened.

4. Locking: When the door or container is closed, the servo motor rotates back to the "lock" position,
securing the enclosure.

Advantages:

1. Precise Control: Servo locks provide precise control over the locking mechanism, ensuring reliable
and consistent operation.

2. Flexibility: Servo locks can be easily integrated into a variety of keypad lock systems, and can be
programmed to respond to different inputs and scenarios.

3. Security: Servo locks can provide an additional layer of security by making it difficult to tamper with
the locking mechanism.

In summary, a servo lock is a critical component in a keypad lock system, providing precise control over
the locking mechanism and enhancing the overall security and reliability of the system.

Block Diagram
Chapter 2: Introduction Page No. 13
The block diagram represents a keypad lock system, which is an electronic locking mechanism that can
be opened by entering a specific code on a keypad. The diagram illustrates the various components
involved in the system and their interconnections.

Components:

1. Keypad: The keypad is the input device where the user enters the code to unlock the system. It is
connected to the Arduino Uno microcontroller.

2. Arduino Uno: The Arduino Uno is the brain of the system, responsible for processing the input from
the keypad and controlling the locking mechanism. It receives power from the power supply.

3. Power Supply: The power supply provides the necessary power to the Arduino Uno and other
components in the system.

4. Program/Code: The program or code is the software that runs on the Arduino Uno, defining the logic
for the keypad lock system. It is typically written on a laptop or computer and uploaded to the Arduino
Uno.

5. LCD Display: The LCD display is an output device that shows the status of the system, such as
"locked" or "unlocked," or displays error messages.

6. Servo Lock: The servo lock is the mechanical locking mechanism that is controlled by the Arduino
Uno. It is responsible for locking and unlocking the door or container.

System Operation:

1. The user enters a code on the keypad.

2. The keypad sends the entered code to the Arduino Uno.

3. The Arduino Uno processes the input code and checks it against a stored value.

4. If the code is correct, the Arduino Uno sends a signal to the servo lock to unlock the door or
container.

5. The servo lock actuates, unlocking the door or object.

6. The LCD display shows the status of the system, such as "unlocked."

7. If the code is incorrect, the Arduino Uno may display an error message on the LCD display or take
other actions, such as locking the system or alerting the user.
Chapter 3: Program/Code Page No. 14

Program/Code

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

#include <Servo.h>

#include <Keypad.h>

Servo myservo;

intpos=0; // position of servo motor

LiquidCrystallcd(A4, A5, A3, A2, A1, A0);

const byte rows=4;

const byte cols=3;

char key[rows][cols]={

{'1','2','3'}, Circuit Diagram

{'4','5','6'},

{'7','8','9'},

{'*','0','#'}

};

byte rowPins[rows]={0,1,2,3};

byte colPins[cols]={4,5,6};

Keypad keypad= Keypad(makeKeymap(key),rowPins,colPins,rows,cols);

char* password="2345";

intcurrentposition=0;

int red = 13;

int green = 12;

void setup()

displayscreen();

//[Link](9600);

[Link](8); //Servo motor connection

pinMode(red,OUTPUT);
Chapter 3: Program/Code Page No. 15
pinMode(green,OUTPUT);

[Link](16,2);

void loop()

if( currentposition==0)

displayscreen();

int l ;

char code=[Link]();

if(code!=NO_KEY)

[Link]();

[Link](0,0);

[Link]("PASSWORD:");

[Link](7,1);

[Link](" ");

[Link](7,1);

for(l=0;l<=currentposition;++l)

[Link]("*");

//keypress();

if (code==password[currentposition])

++currentposition;

if(currentposition==4)

{
Chapter 3: Program/Code Page No. 16
unlockdoor();

currentposition=0;

else

incorrect();

currentposition=0;

//------------------ Function 1- OPEN THE DOOR--------------//

void unlockdoor()

delay(900);

[Link](0,0);

[Link](" ");

[Link](1,0);

[Link]("Access Granted");

[Link](4,1);

[Link]("WELCOME!!");

[Link](15,1);

[Link](" ");

[Link](16,1);

[Link](" ");

[Link](14,1);

[Link](" ");

[Link](13,1);
Chapter 3: Program/Code Page No. 17
[Link](" ");

for(pos = 180; pos>=0; pos-=5) // open the door

[Link](pos);

delay(5);

digitalWrite(green,HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(green,LOW);

delay(2000);

delay(1000);

counterbeep();

delay(1000);

for(pos = 0; pos<= 180; pos +=5) // close the door

{ // in steps of 1 degree

[Link](pos);

delay(15);

digitalWrite(red,HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(red,LOW);

delay(500);

currentposition=0;

[Link]();

displayscreen();

//--------------------Function 2- Wrong code--------------//

void incorrect()

{
Chapter 3: Program/Code Page No. 18
delay(500);

[Link]();

[Link](1,0);

[Link]("CODE");

[Link](6,0);

[Link]("INCORRECT");

[Link](15,1);

[Link](" ");

[Link](4,1);

[Link]("TRY AGAIN !!!");

[Link](13,1);

[Link](" ");

[Link]("CODE INCORRECT YOU ARE UNAUTHORIZED");

digitalWrite(red,HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(red,LOW);

delay(3000);

[Link]();

displayscreen();

//-------Function 3 - CLEAR THE SCREEN--------------------/

void clearscreen()

[Link](0,0);

[Link](" ");

[Link](0,1);

[Link](" ");

[Link](0,2);
Chapter 3: Program/Code PageNo. 19
[Link](" ");

[Link](0,3);

[Link](" ");

//------------Function 4 - DISPLAY FUNCTION--------------------//

void displayscreen()

[Link](0,0);

[Link]("*ENTER THE CODE*");

[Link](1 ,1);

[Link]("TO OPEN DOOR!!");

//--------------Function 5 - Count down------------------//

void counterbeep()

delay(1200);

[Link]();

[Link](2,15);

[Link](" ");

[Link](2,14);

[Link](" ");

[Link](2,0);

delay(200);

[Link]("GET IN WITHIN:::");

[Link](4,1);

[Link]("5");

delay(200);

[Link]();
Chapter 3: Program/Code Page No. 20
[Link](2,0);

[Link]("GET IN WITHIN:");

delay(1000);

[Link](2,0);

[Link]("GET IN WITHIN:");

[Link](4,1); //2

[Link]("4");

delay(100);

[Link]();

[Link](2,0);

[Link]("GET IN WITHIN:");

delay(1000);

[Link](2,0);

[Link]("GET IN WITHIN:");

[Link](4,1);

[Link]("3");

delay(100);

[Link]();

[Link](2,0);

[Link]("GET IN WITHIN:");

delay(1000);

[Link](2,0);

[Link]("GET IN WITHIN:");

[Link](4,1);

[Link]("2");

delay(100);

[Link]();

[Link](2,0);
Chapter 3: Program/Code Page No. 21
[Link]("GET IN WITHIN:");

delay(1000);

[Link](4,1);

[Link]("1");

delay(100);

[Link]();

[Link](2,0);

[Link]("GET IN WITHIN::");

delay(1000);

delay(40);

[Link]();

[Link](2,0);

[Link]("RE-LOCKING");

delay(500);

[Link](12,0);

[Link](".");

delay(500);

[Link](13,0);

[Link](".");

delay(500);

[Link](14,0);

[Link](".");

delay(400);

[Link]();

[Link](4,0);

[Link]("LOCKED!");

delay(440);

}
Chapter 3: Program/Code Page No. 22

3.2 Flowchart :
Chapter 4: Future scope Page No. 23

Future scope

Future Scope :

The keypad lock system has a multiple future scope, with potential applications and
enhancements in various areas.
Here’s a comprehensive overview of the future scope for this project:

Potential Applications:

1. Smart Homes: Integration with smart home systems, enabling users to control access
to their homes remotely.
2. Industrial Automation: Use in industrial settings, such as factories, warehouses, or
laboratories, to control access to restricted areas.
3. Commercial Buildings: Installation in commercial buildings, such as offices, hotels, or
shopping malls, to enhance security and access control.
4. Residential Security: Use in residential areas, such as apartments or gated
communities, to provide an additional layer of security.

Enhancements and Upgrades:

1. Biometric Authentication: Integration with biometric authentication methods, such as

fingerprint or facial recognition, to enhance security.
2. Wireless Connectivity: Adding wireless connectivity (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth) to enable
remote monitoring and control.
3. Cloud Integration: Connecting the system to cloud services, allowing for data storage,
analytics, and efficient access.
4. Advanced User Management: Implementing advanced user management features,
such as user profiles, access levels, and notification systems.
5. Energy Efficiency: Optimizing the system for energy efficiency, using low-power
components and sleep modes to reduce energy consumption.

Technological Advancements:

1. Improved Keypad Technology : Advancements in keypad technology, such as

capacitive or touch-sensitive keypads, could enhance user experience and security.
2. Advanced Servo Lock Mechanisms : Development of more sophisticated servo lock
mechanisms, such advanced locking mechanisms.
3. Integration with Other Technologies : Integration with other technologies, such as
RFID, or machine learning algorithms, to enhance the system’s capabilities.
Chapter 4: Future scope Page No. 24
Market Trends and Opportunities:

1. Growing Demand for Smart Security Solutions : Increasing demand for smart security
solutions, driven by the growing need for secure and worthy access control.
2. Rising Adoption of IoT : Growing adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technology,
enabling the integration of the keypad lock system with other smart devices.
3. Expanding Applications in Emerging Markets : Opportunities for the keypad lock
system in emerging markets, such as smart cities, industrial automation, and residential
security, and even your private drawer.

Challenges and Limitations:

1. Security Concerns : Potential security risks, such as keypad tampering or code

cracking, need to be addressed through strong security measures.
2. Power Supply and Energy Efficiency : Ensuring reliable power supply and energy
efficiency to minimize downtime and reduce energy consumption.
3. User Adoption and Training : Educating users on the system’s operation and benefits
to ensure successful adoption.