SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 3 ASSIGNMENT 1
SIMILAR TRIANGLES - 3
1. If in the given figure, PQ || BC, then ‘x’ has
(a) exactly one value and is equal to ‘2’ (b) two values and are x = 0 and x = 3
(c) exactly one value and is equal to ‘3’ (d) no real value of ‘x’ exists
2. In the given figure, PQ || BA and RQ || CA. If BP = 7cm, RC = 21 and PO = 4cm, then RO is
4 4
(a) 12cm (b) 15cm (c) (d) −
3 3
3. In the given trapezium PQRS, PQ || SR and diagonal PR and SQ intersect at O as shown. If
OP = x + 1, OQ = 3 − x, OS = x + 1 and OR = 2 − x . Then ‘x’ is
8 25 7 5
(a) units (b) units (c) units (d) units
5 3 5 7
4. In a ABC , P and Q are the points on AB and AC respectively such that PQ||BC and AP : PB = 3 : 2.
Then the ratio of the area of APQ and the area of ABC is _____.
5 9 25
(a) (b) (c) (d) none of these
3 25 9
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 3 2
5. In the diagram below, the line segments AX and BY are parallel to the segment CZ. If the length of
AX is 4 units and the length of BY is 6 units, then find the length of CZ (in units).
1 1 2 1
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 3
6 3 5 2
6. Given that three congruent squares ABEG; GEFH; HFCD are of side a. Prove that AFE + ACE =
45°
7. ABC is a triangle and DAE is a straight line parallel to BC such that DA = AE. If CD meets AB at X
and BE meets AC at Y, prove that XY ||BC
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 3 3
ANSWER KEY
1 (c) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b)
5. (c)
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 3 4
SOLUTIONS
1. If in the given figure, PQ || BC, then ‘x’ has
(a) exactly one value and is equal to ‘2’
(b) two values and are x = 0 and x = 3
(c) exactly one value and is equal to ‘3’
(d) no real value of ‘x’ exists
Ans: (c)
Sol:
Since PQ || BC,
from BPT, we have,
AP AQ x 2x
= =
PB QC 3x − 2 3x + 5
3x 2 + 5 x = 6 x 2 − 4 x
3 x 2 − 9 x = 0 3 x ( x − 3) = 0
x = 0 (Not possible)
x = 3 i.e., exactly one value
2. In the given figure, PQ || BA and RQ || CA. If BP = 7cm, RC = 21 and PO = 4cm, then RO is
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 3 5
4 4
(a) 12cm (b) 15cm (c) (d) −
3 3
Ans: (a)
Sol: Since, PQ || BA,
In ∆AOB,
OQ OP
= …(1) by (By BPT)
QA PB
and RQ || CA (given)
OQ OR
= …(2) by (By BPT)
QA RC
From (1) & (2)
OP OR 4 RO
= =
PB RC 7 21
RO = 12cm
3. In the given trapezium PQRS, PQ || SR and diagonal PR and SQ intersect at O as shown. If
OP = x + 1, OQ = 3 − x, OS = x + 1 and OR = 2 − x . Then ‘x’ is
8 25 7 5
(a) units (b) units (c) units (d) units
5 3 5 7
Ans: (d)
Sol: PQ || SR (given)
In ∆POQ and ∆ROS,
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 3 6
OPQ = ORS (Alternate Interior Angles)
OSR = OQP (Alternate Interior Angles)
∆POQ ∆ROS (AA similarity)
OP OQ
= (corresponding sides of similar triangles)
OR OS
x +1 3 − x
=
2 − x x +1
x2 + 2 x + 1 = 6 + x2 − 5x
5
7x = 5 x = units
7
4. In a ABC , P and Q are the points on AB and AC respectively such that PQ||BC and AP : PB = 3 : 2.
Then the ratio of the area of APQ and the area of ABC is _____.
5 9 25
(a) (b) (c) (d) none of these
3 25 9
Ans: (b)
Sol:
Since PQ||BC (given)
AP AQ 3
= = (by BPT)
PB QC 2
PB QC 2
= =
AP AQ 3
PB 2
+1 = +1
AP 3
PB + AP 2 + 3 5
= =
AP 3 3
AB 5
=
AP 3
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 3 7
AC 5
Similarly, =
AQ 3
AB AC 5
i.e., = = …(i)
AP AQ 3
Now, in APQ and ABC
PAQ = BAC (common)
AB AC
= (Proved above)
AP AQ
APQ ABC (by SAS similarity)
Area of APQ AP
2
= (Area Theorem)
Area of ABC AB
from equation (i)
Area of APQ 3
2
9
= =
Area of ABC 5 25
5. In the diagram below, the line segments AX and BY are parallel to the segment CZ. If the length of
AX is 4 units and the length of BY is 6 units, then find the length of CZ (in units).
1 1 2 1
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 3
6 3 5 2
Ans: (c)
Sol:
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 3 8
As AX CZ BY, so ΔXAB ~ ΔXAB and ΔYBA~ Δ ZCA.
Now, in triangles XAB and ZCB
XA AB ZC BC
= or =
ZC CB 4 AB
Adding, we get
1 1 AC + BC
ZC + =
4 6 AB
Therefore,
5
ZC = 1 units
12
12 2
Or ZC = = 2 units
5 5
6. Given that three congruent squares ABEG; GEFH; HFCD are of side a. Prove that AFE + ACE =
45°
Sol.
AD || BC AFE = HAF, it suffices to show ACE = FAE, and for this we show that
ACE ~ FAE below.
AE = 2a = [Link] and
CE = 2a = 2 EA,
Besides AEC = FEA
ACE ~ FAE. ( S.A.S)
7. ABC is a triangle and DAE is a straight line parallel to BC such that DA = AE. If CD meets AB at X
and BE meets AC at Y, prove that XY ||BC
SIMILAR TRIAGNLE - 3 9
Sol
BC || DE & AD = AE
BXC AXD & BYC EYA
BX BC XC BY YC BC
= = & = =
AX AD XD EY YA EA
BC BC
= ( AD = AE)
AD AE
BX YC
= XY || BC
AX YA