CHARACTERS

PRESIDING JUDGE- JOHN NASH MAGNO

CLERK OF THE COURT- IRISH MARTINEZ

QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINER- SHADRI MAXIMO

POLYGRAPH EXAMINER- JAPETH TAGUBA

DOCUMENTARY STAMP WITNESS- STEPHEN CASTILLO

GSIS BANK EMPLOYEE-

[Link] QUINTERO

DEFENSEL COUNSEL-
1. JEROME MARTINEZ
2. JOHN JECK QUINTUA
3. MARK ROGER SOLA
4. MAILENE GADINGAN
5. SHEILA LINDO
6. IRA TAJA
7. NAYL MALINLIN
8. JOCELYN DE LEON
PROSECUTOR-
1. ZYNEIL AUINGAN
2. DIVINE GATTO
3. ANCHETA LLOYD
4. MARK JUSTIN CALABIA
5. INAY CESAR
6. RHONA HALILI
7. Keith Reyes

COURT STENOGRAPHER- CRISTINE MAHINAY

NOTARY PUBLIC- PRINCESS DESALLA

DECEASED- MARGARETTE CRUZ AND RAMON CRUZ

SURVIVING HEIRS-
1. RODERICK SAMBOLLEDO
2. ROPLOC LEMAR,
3. WENDEL MADRIAGA
4. LORAINE ABAD
5. ALEGANE PAGELA
TRANSLATOR:LOVELY JANE LAGUNDINO

ACCUSED- ALDRIN CRUZ LOBAS

ACCUSED SIBLINGS-

1
 1. ARABEL ABARCAR
2. HILARIO KESIAH
3. KATRINE PALATTAO

DEFENSE WITNESSES (WORKMATES)

1. KATE MALAZZAB
2. RACHELLE JOY PEREZ
3. GENESIS BAROGA
PROSECUTOR WITNESSES
1. TAPALGO MIA
2. GENNE ASHLEY TOMASS

PNP PERSONNEL –(FINANCER)

NOEL TION
JOHN VARENZ VILLANUEVA

FRAUD INVESTIGATOR- MIRAFUENTE RICA

BRGY CAPTAIN- A-N DUMADAG

SCRIPT WRITERS
PAGELA, ALEGANE
PALATTAO, KATRINE

2
TRIAL

CLERK 1: PLEASE RISE! APARRI REGIONAL TRIAL COURT BRANCH 3 IS NOW IN

SESSION.

THE HONOURABLE JUDGE…PRESIDING

BEFORE WE PROCEED TO OUR HEARING, LET US BOW OUR HEAD FOR THE PRAYER

ALMIGHTY GOD
WE STAND IN YOUR HOLY PRESENCE
AS OUR SUPREME JUDGE
WE HUMBLY BESEECH YOU
TO BLESS AND INSPIRE US
SO THAT WHAT WE THINK, SAY AND DO
WILL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH YOUR WILL
ENLIGHTEN OUR MINDS
STRENGTHEN OUR SPIRIT AND FILL OUR HEARTS WITH FRATERNAL LOVE, WISDOM
AND UNDERSTANDING
SO THAT WE CAN BE EFFECTIVE CHANNELS OF TRUTH, JUSTICE AND PEACE,
IN OUR PROCEEDING TODAY, GUIDE US IN THE PATH OF RIGHTEOUSNESS FOR THE
FULFILMENT OF YOUR GREATER GLORY. AMEN.

JUDGE: EVERYONE BUT THE JURY MAY BE SEATED.

(AUDIENCE SEATED)

CLERK: PLEASE RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND

DO YOU SOLEMNLY SWEAR THAT WHAT YOU WILL SAY TO THIS CASE IS THE TRUTH
NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH.

JURY: I DO.

(JURY SEATED)

3
 JUDGE: MEMBERS OF THE JURY, YOUR DUTY TODAY WILL BE TO DETERMINE WHETHER
THE DEFENDANT IS GUILTY OR NOT GUILTY BASED ON THE FACTS AND EVIDENCE
PROVIDED IN THIS CASE. THE PROSECUTION HAS THE BURDEN OF PROVIDING THE
GUILT OF THE DEFENDANT BEGAN A REASONABLE DOUBT. THIS BURDEN REMAINS IN
THE PROSECUTION THROUGH THE TRIAL. THE PROSECUTION MUST PROVE THAT A
CRIME WAS COMMITTED, IF THE DEFENDANT HAS COMMITTED THE CRIME. HOWEVER,
IF YOU ARE NOT SATISFIED OF THAT DEFENDANT’S GUILT TO THAT INSTINCT THE
REASONABLE EXIST WITH THE DEFENDANT MUST BE FOUND OUT NOT GUILTY. MS
CLERK WHAT IS TODAY’S CASE.

CLERK : YOUR HONOR TODAYS CASE NO. 250524, PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES VS.
DEFENDANT ALDRIN CRUZ LOBAS FOR ALLEGEDLY FALSIFYING PUBLIC DOCUMENT .

JUDGE: IS THE PROSECUTION READY?

PROSECUTION (ALL PROSECUTORS): YES, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: IS THE DEFENSE COUNSEL READY?

DEFENSE (ALL DEFENSE LAWYERS): YES, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: PLEASE PROCEED FOR THE STATEMENT OF PROSECUTION.

(PROSECUTION STAND)

PROSECUTION 1: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR.

 ACCUSED ALDRIN CRUZ LOBAS, CHARGED WITH FALSIFICATION OF PUBLIC

DOCUMENTS FOR PREPARING, FORGING, AND FALSIFYING A DEED OF
ABSOLUTE SALE .
 THE DOCUMENT STATED THAT A PARCEL OF LAND WAS SOLD TO LOBAS BY
SPOUSES MARGARETTE CRUZ AND RAMON CRUZ IN WHICH ALDRIN FEIGNED
THE SIGNATURES OF THE SPOUSES ON THE DOCUMENT.
WE WILL MOVE THAT THE ACCUSED IS GUILTY BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT. THE
REASON WE ASK HERE YOUR HONOR, IS THE VERDICT OF GUILTY. THANK YOOU

JUDGE: THE DEFENSE WOULD LIKE TO GIVE AN OPENING STATEMENT. I WOULD LIKE
TO INFORM THAT THE PROSECUTION RESTS PEACE.

DEFENSE 1: I WOULD LIKE TO STAY YOUR HONOR ON THE CASE OF THE PHILIPPINES V
ALDRIN LOBAS y. CRUZ WAS BEING ACCUSED OF FALSIFICATION OF PUBLIC
DOCUMENT. WHEREIN THE ONLY FACT THEY HAVE IS QUESTIONED DOCUMENT WERE
MERE PHOTOCOPIES AND THE DETAILS WERE NOT CLEARLY MANIFESTED. THE
REASON WE ASK HERE YOUR HONOR, IS THE VERDICT OF ACQUIT.

JUDGE: DEFENSE COUNSEL, WOULD YOU LIKE TO PRESENT THE ACCUSED.

4
DEFENSE: YES, YOUR HONOR. MAY I CALL TO STAND THE ACCUSED MR. ALDRIN CRUZ
LOBAS

ACCUSED PROCEED TO WITNESS STAND

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

ACCUSED: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 1: CAN I PRECEDE YOUR HONOR?

JUDGE: YES, YOU MAY PROCEED.

DEFENSE 1: MR. ACCUSED PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME AND OTHER PERSONAL
CIRCUMSTANCES

ACCUSED: I AM ALDRIN CRUZ LOBAS 30 YEARS OLD LIVING IN SANJA, APARRI

CAGAYAN

DEFENSE 1: WHAT IS YOUR RELATIONSHIP WITH MR. AND MRS. CRUZ

ACCUSED: SILA PO AY MAGULANG NG AKING YUMAONG INA NA SI ANN CRUZ

DEFENSE 1: PWEDE BA NAMING TANUNGIN KUNG BAKIT MO BINILI ANG LUPA?

ACCUSED: ANG LUPANG IYON AY INAALAGAAN NG AKING YUMAONG AMA NG MAHIGIT

SAMPONG TAON, NANG UMUWI ANG AKING YUMAONG INA GALING ABROAD ,
KINAUSAP NIYA PO ANG KANYANG MGA MAGULANG NA BILHIN NIYA ANG LUPANG
IYON.

DEFENSE 1: TOTOO BA NA PEKE ANG PIRMA NG MAG ASAWANG CRUZ SA ABSOLUTE

DEED OF SALE?

ACCUSED: HINDI PO, YOUR HONOR. PIRMADO PO NILA IYON.

DEFENSE 1: SAAN NAGANAP ANG PIRMAHAN AT BENTAHAN NG LUPA?

ACCUSED: SA GSIS SA SANJA PO KAMI NAGPIRMAHAN AT SA BAHAY PO KAMI

NAGBENTAHAN.

DEFENSE 1: THAT’S ALL, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: PROSECUTION WOULD YOU LIKE TO CROSS EXAMINED THE ACCUSED?

PROSECUTION 1: YES YOUR HONOR. CAN I PROCEED?

JUDGE: YES, YOU MAY PROCEED.

PROSECUTION 1: MAARI MO BANG SABIHIN ANG IYONG PANGALAN

ACCUSED: AKO SI LOBAS ALDRIN CRUZ

5
PROSECUTION 1: SABI MO SA BAHAY KAYO NAGBENTAHAN? TAMA BA?

ACCUSED: YES, YOUR HONOR.

PROSECUTION 1: PARA MAKLARO ANG IBIG MONG SABIHIN, KANINONG BAHAY ITO SA
BAHAY MO O BAHAY NG LOLO AT LOLA MO?

ACCUSED: BAHAY PO NG LOLO AT LOLA KO

PROSECUTOR 1: SA BAHAY NG MAG ASAWANG CRUZ KAYO NAGPIRMAHAN, IBIG

SABIHIN HINDI LEGAL ANG BAYARAN NG LUPA NA NAGANAP SA PAGITAN NG MAMA
MO AT NG KANYANG MGA MAGULANG. HINDI KAYA PINILIT NIYO LANG NG MAMA MO
NA IBENTA ANG LUPA AT KAYO RIN MISMO ANG NAGPAPIRMA SA KASULATAN NG
LUPAIN?

DEFENSE 1: OBJECTION YOUR HONOR. LEADING QUESTION.

JUDGE: OBJECTION OVERRULED.

ACCUSED: HINDI PO NAMIN SILA PINILIT UPANG IBENTA SA AMIN ANG LUPA.

ECUTOR 1: BAKIT SA BAHAY NILA KAYO NAGKA BAYARAN. NABANGGIT MO KANINA NA

SA GSIS OFPROSFICE KAYO NAGPIRMAHAN NGUNIT HINDI MO BA NAISIP NA MAS
LEGAL KUNG SA BARANGAY NA LANG KAYO NAGPIRMAHAN. LUMALABAS DITO NA
MAARING MAY PUWERSAHANG NAGANAP UPANG MAGANAP ANG PIRMAHAN
SAPAGKAT ANG PIRMA NG MAG ASAWANG CRUZ AY HINDI PIRMADO NG ISANG TAO
LANG. YOUR HONOR, IM SUBMITTING THE COPY OF DEED OF ABSOLUTE SALE.

PROSECUTOR 1: THANK YOU. YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTIONS

JUDGE: DEFENSE, DO YOU HAVE ANY RE-DIRECT QUESTIONS?

DEFENSE 1: NO, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU DEFENSE, YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

DEFENSE 2: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS KATE MALAZZAB PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING THE
BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

DEFENSE WITNESS 1: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 2: DIRECT EXAMINATION: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT
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DEFENSE WITNESS 1: AKO PO SI KATE MALAZZAB, 25 YEARS OLD, NAKATIRA SA
SANJA, APARRI, CAGAYAN DATING KASAMAHAN NG MAG-AMANG LOBAS NA
NAGTATRABAHO AT NAG AALAGA SA LUPAIN NG MAG-ASAWANG CRUZ.

DEFENSE 2: GAANO KAYO KATAGAL NA MAGKAKILALA NI MR. LOBAS AT ANO ANG

KATANGIAN NIYA BILANG ISANG ANAK AT APO?

DEFENSE WITNESS 1: SIYA PO AY NAKASAMA KO NG MAHIGIT SAMPUNG TAON.

MABAIT PO SIYA, MADALING PAKISAMAHAN AT HIGIT SA LAHAT RESPONSIBLE NA
ANAK. MASINOP PO SIYA SA PERA KAYA PARA SA AKIN PO HINDI NAKAPAGTATAKA NA
MAYROON SILANG SAPAT NA PERA UPANG BUMILI NG LUPA.

DEFENSE 2: WE OFFER THE TESTIMONY OF THE WITNESS-DEFENSE TO PROVE THAT

THE ACCUSED DIDN’T FALSIFY AND FEIGNED THE SIGNATURE OF THE SPOUSES THUS
HIS FATHER IS WORKING WITH THEM FOR HOW MANY YEARS, 10 YEARS TO BE EXACT.

DEFENSE 2: THANK YOU. YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTIONS

JUDGE: PROSECUTION WOULD YOU LIKE TO CROSS-EXAMINED THE WITNESS?

PROSECUTION 2: NO, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, PROSECUTION YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

PROSECUTION 2: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS RODERICK SAMBOLLEDO PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS

FACING THE BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

SURVIVING HEIR 1: YES, I DO.

PROSECUTION 2: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

: SURVIVING HEIR 1: AKO PO SI RODERICK C. SAMBOLLEDO, 31 YEARS OLD NAKATIRA

SA PUNTA APARRI CAGAYAN AT ISA SA MGA TAGAPAGMANA NG AKING LOLO AT LOLA
NA SINA MARGARETTE CRUZ AT RAMON CRUZ.

PROSECUTION 2: TAGAPAGMANA? TAMA BA? SUBALIT BAKIT SA TINGIN MO AY NABILI

NI MR. LOBAS ANG LUPANG IYON?

SURVIVING HEIR 1: HINDI KO PO ALAM. ANG NABANGGIT LANG NG LOLO AT LOLA SA

AKIN NOON AY NASA PANGANGALAGA LANG NG AKING TIYA AT TIYO NA SINA ANN
CRUZ AT LITO LOBAS ANG LUPA HANGGANG SA MAKABALIK ANG AMING ISANG

7
KAMAG ANAK GALING ABROAD AT PAG UWI NIYA DOON HATI HATIIN LAHAT NG MGA
ARI ARIAN NILA KABILANG NA ANG LUPAING IYON. HINDI KO PO ALAM KUNG BAKIT
NAKAPIRMA ANG SILA SA PAPEL NG LUPAING IYON.

PROSECUTION 2: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTIONS

JUDGE: DEFENSE, WOULD YOU LIKE TO CROSS-EXAMINED THE WITNESS?

DEFENSE 2: YES, YOUR HONOR. CAN I PROCEED?

JUDGE: YES YOU MAY PROCEED.

DEFENSE 2: ANG SABI MO HINDI MO ALAM KUNG BAKIT NAKAPIRMA SI MR. LOBAS SA
KASULATAN, TAMA BA?

SURVIVING HEIR 1: : OPO

DEFENSE 2: KUNG GANOON HINDI MO ALAM KUNG ANO ANG NANGYAYARI SA

SINASABI MONG LOLA AT LOLO. TAMA BA?

SURVIVING HEIR 1: MALI PO DAHIL MADALAS KO PONG BUMIBISITA SA KANILA. HINDI

KO LANG NAMALAYAN NA NAGKAPIRMAHAN SILA AT MALAMANG SINAMANTALA NA
WALANG KASAMA ANG MGA MATANDA KAYA DOON NILA PINAPIRMA SINA LOLO AT
LOLA

DEFENSE 2: BAKIT PARANG MAY GALIT KA SA AKUSADO. HINDI BAT PERSONAL

LAMANG ANG GALIT MO SA KANYA KAYA MO SIYA IDINIDIIN SA KASONG ITO KASI
ALAM MONG ANG AKUSADO ANG TANGING PINAGKAKATIWALAAN NG LOLO AT LOLA
NIYO PAGDATING SA ARI ARIAN NA MERON SILA?

PROSECUTION 2: OBJECTION YOUR HONOR, ARGUMENTATIVE

JUDGE: OBJECTION SUSTAINED

DEFENSE 2: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTIONS.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, DEFENSE YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

DEFENSE 3: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS RAECHELLE JOY PEREZ PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS

FACING THE BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

WITNESS DEFENSE 2:YES, I DO.

8
DEFENSE 3: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

WITNESS DEFENSE 2:AKO PO SI RAECHELLE PEREZ 33 YEARS OLD AT NAKATIRA SA

SANJA, APARRI, CAGAYAN. DATING KATULONG NG MAG- ASAWANG CRUZ.

DEFENSE 3: GAANO KANA KATAGAL NA NAGTATRABAHO SA MAG ASAWANG CRUZ AT

PAANO MAKITUNGO SI MR. LOBAS SA MAG ASAWA?

WITNESS DEFENSE 2: MAHIGIT ANIM NA TAON PO AKONG NAGTRABAHO SA KANILA.

KUNG SA PAKIKITUNGO LAMANG PO AY PARANG ANAK NA ANG TURING NG MAG
ASAWA SA KANYA DAHIL NGA PO WALA ANG KANYANG INA AT SILA LAMANG PO NG
KANYANG AMA ANG INAASAHAN NILA SA LAHAT,.

DEFENSE 3: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTIONS.

JUDGE: PROSECUTION, WOULD YOU LIKE TO CROSS-EXAMINED THE WITNESS?

PROSECUTION 3: NO, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, PROSECUTION YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

PROSECUTION 3: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS LEMAR RPLOC PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING THE
BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

SURVIVING HEIR 2: YES, I DO.

PROSECUTION 3: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

SURVIVING HEIR 2: I LEMAR ROPLOC 30 YEARS OLD LIVING IN NEW ZEALAND.

PROSECUTION 3: WHAT IS YOUR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE MARRIED CRUZ?

SURVIVING HEIR 2: THEY ARE MY LATE UNCLE AND AUNTIE

PROSECUTION 3: WHAT IS YOUR REASON FOR BEING HERE?

SURVIVING HEIR 2: I CAME HERE TO PROVE THAT MY AUNTE AND UNCLE WILL NOT
SELL THE LAND UNLESS SOMEONE FORCE HIM TO DO SO.

PROSECUTION 3: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTION.

JUDGE: DEFENSE, DO YOU HAVE ANY RE-DIRECT QUESTION?

9
DEFENSE 3: NONE, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, DEFENSE YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

DEFENSE 3: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(GENESIS BARROGA PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING THE

BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

DEFENSE WITNESS 3: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 3: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

DEFENSE WITNESS 3: I GENESIS BARROGA 34 YEARS OLD NAKATIRA SA BUKIG,

APARRI, CAGAYAN. DATING TRABAHDOR NG MAG ASAWANG CRUZ.

DEFENSE 3: MAARI MO BANG ILARAWAN AT IBAHAGI SA HUKUMANG ITO KUNG PAANO

ALAGAAN NI MR. LOBAS ANG LUPAIN NG MAG ASAWANG CRUZ .

DEFENSE WITNESS 3: KILALA KO SI MR. LOBAS BILANG ISANG RESPONSIBLE NA APO

AT ANAK KAYA NGA PO MALAPIT ANG LOOB NG MAG ASAWANG CRUZ KAY [Link]
EH. KASI MASIPAG PO SIYA.

DEFENSE 3: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTION.

JUDGE: PROSECUTION, DO YOU HAVE ANY RE-DIRECT QUESTION?

PROSECUTION 3: NONE, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, PROSECUTION YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

PROSECUTION 3: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WENDELL MADRIAGA PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING THE

BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

10
SURVIVING HEIR 3: YES, I DO.

PROSECUTION 3: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

SURVIVING HEIR 3:I WENDELL MADRIAGA, 33 YEARS OLD NAKATIRA SA MACANAYA,

APARRI, CAGAYAN AT PAMANGKIN NG MAG ASAWANG CRUZ.

PROSECUTION 3: MAARI MO BANG IKWENTO ANG NALALAMAN MO PATUNGKOL SA

PAMILYANG LOBAS.

SURVIVING HEIR 3:: ANG NALALAMAN K LNG PO SA PAMILYA NA IYAN AY MADALAS

NIYANG BANGGITIN SA AKING TITA AT TITO NA NAIS NILANG BILHIN ANG LUPAING
KANILANG INAALAGAAN DAHIL LAMANG SILA ANG NAGBABANTAY AT NAG AASIKASO
AKING TITA AT TITO ITO. HINDI KO PO LUBOS MAISIP NA SASAMANTALAHIN NILA ANG
PAGKAKATAONG WALA KAMI SA TABI NILA.

PROSECUTION 3: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTIONS

JUDGE: DEFENSE, WOULD YOU LIKE TO CROSS EXAMINED THE WITNESS

DEFENSE 3: NO YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, PROSECUTION YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

PROSECUTION 4: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS LORAINE ABAD PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING THE
BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

SURVIVING HEIR 4: YES, I DO.

PROSECUTION 4: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

SURVIVING HEIR 4:: I LORAINE ABAD, KASAL,37 YEARS OLD ONE OF THE SURVIVING
HEIRS OF THE LATE MR. AND MRS. CRUZ.

PROSECUTION 4: MRS. ABAD NASAAN KA NG ARAW NA PUMANAW ANG MAG –

ASAWANG CRUZ AT ANO ANG ALAM MO PATUNGKOL SA MGA ARI-ARIAN NG MAG
ASAWA.

SURVIVING HEIR : HIWALAY PO ANG AMING TAHANAN NG AKING TITA AT TITO. NANG
ARAW PO NA IYON AY NAKATANGGAP PO AKO NG TAWAG MULA KAY MRS. PEREZ NA
PUMANAW NA SINA TITA AT TITO. HINDI KO PO LUBOS AKALAIN NA SABAY SILANG
MAWAWALA SA AMIN. PATUNGKOL NAMAN PO SA ARI-ARIAN AY ANG ALAM KO PO
11
NAHATI HATI NA IYO BAGO SILA PUMANAW KASOO NASA HAMPAS LUPA PALA ANG
TITUL0 NG LUPAIN NG AKING TITA AT TITO. WALA KAYONG KAHAIHIYAN! KINUPKOP AT
PINAGKATIWALAAN KAYO NILA TITA AT TITO AT ITO LAMANG ANG GAGAWIN MO!
SINAMANTALA MO ANG KABAITAN NILAAA!

ACCUSED: WALA AKONG GINAGAWANG MASAMAA!

JUDGE: ORDER IN THE COURT!

PROSECUTION 4: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTION

JUDGE: DEFENSE, WOULD YOOU LIKE TO CROSS-EXAMINED THE WITNESS?

DEFENSE 4: NO, YOUR HONOR

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

PROSECUTION 4: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS PAGELA ALAEGANE PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING

THE BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

SURVIVING HEIR 5: YES, I DO.

PROSECUTION 4: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

SURVIVING HEIR 5:: I AM PAGELA ALEGANE, KASAL,30 YEARS OLD ONE OF THE
SURVIVING HEIRS OF THE LATE MR. AND MRS. CRUZ.

PROSECUTION 4: [Link] PAANO MO MASASABI NA HINDI KAPANI PANIWALA ANG

PAGBENTA NG TITO AT TITA SA LUPA?

TRANSLATOR: NANG, PANU NU MAVUGGAN NGA MARI TUTU AY MAGGAFFU NI TITU AT

TITA AY DAGA?

SURVIVING HEIR 5 : MARI YA MALYARI NGA KUMA TA TUMAWAG YA KAKO SANA BAGO
YA MATEDDU YA, YA NAGGOYA NAWADAY NGA IPAMANA NA.

TRANSLATOR: HINDI NYA YUN MAGAGAWA TUMAWAG SIYA SA AKIN BAGO SIYA
MAMATAY, AT SINABI NIYA NA MAY IPAPAMAMANA SIYA

PROSECUTION 4: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTION

JUDGE: DEFENSE, WOULD YOOU LIKE TO CROSS-EXAMINED THE WITNESS?

DEFENSE 4: NO, YOUR HONOR

12
JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN

THANK YOU, DEFENSE YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

DEFENSE 4: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS ARABEL L. ABARCAR PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING

THE BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

ACCUSED SIBLING 1: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 4: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

ACCUSED SIBLING 1: D: I ARABEL L. ABARCAR, SIBLING OF MR. LOBAS, MARRIED, 30

YEARS OLD A RESIDENT OF MAURA, APARRI, CAGAYAN.

DEFENSE 4: ANO ANG ALAM MO SA LUPANG BINILI NI MR .LOBAS SA MAG ASAWANG

CRUZ?

ACCUSED SIBLING 1: NABANGGIT NGA PO NG AKING KAPATID NA BINILI NILA ANG

LUPAIN NG LOLO AT LOLA. ANG PAGBILI PO NIYA SA LUPAING IYON AY LEGAL. HINDI
RIN PO MAPAGSAMANTALA ANG KAPATID KO. MATAGAL PONG PINAGHIRAPAN ANG
PERANG GINAMIT NILA MAMA AT KAPATID KO SA PAGBILI AT KAILAN MAN AY HINDI DI
SILA NANGLALAMANG NG KAPWA. MAAYOS PO ANG RELASYON NG AMING MGA
MAGULANG SA AMING LOLO AT LOLA AT KAILANMAN HINDI MO IISIPIN NA MAGAWA
NIYANG PILITIN ANG DALWANG MATANDA PARA IBENTA SA AMIN ANG LUPS.

DEFENSE 4: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTION.

JUDGE: PROSECUTION, DO YOU HAVE ANY RE-DIRECT QUESTION?

PROSECUTION 4: NONE, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, PROSECUTION YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

PROSECUTION 4: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS MIA TAPALGO PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING THE
BAILIFF)
13
 CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

PROSECUTION WITNESS 1: YES, I DO.

PROSECUTION 4: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

PROSECUTION WITNESS 1: I MIA TAPALGO, MARRIED, 37 YEARS OLD, A RESIDENT OF

MAURA, APARRI, CAGAYAN

PROSECUTION 4: ANO ANG RELASYON MO SA MAG ASAWANG CRUZ AT ANO ANG

KINALAMAN MO SA KASONG ITO?

PROSECUTION WITNESS 1: DATI PO AKONG TRABAHADOR NG MAG ASAWANG CRUZ

AT NUNG NAGTATRABAHO PO AKO SA KANILA AY MATAGAL NG PINAG KAKA
INTERESAN NG PAMILYANG LOBAS ANG LUPA. PAKIRAMDAM NIYA AY SA KANILA NA
ANG LUPANG IYON KAYA ANG LAKAS MAKA ASTA NA AKALA MO SILA ANG AMO
NAMIN.

DEFENSE 4: OBJECTION YOUR HONOR THE STATEMENT IS SPECULATIVE I MOVE TO

STRIKE OUT HIS STATEMENT.

JUDGE: OBJECTION GRANTED. MRS. TAPALGO CONTINUE YOUR STATEMENT.

WITNESS: SILA ANG ITINALAGA NG MAG ASAWA NA TAGAPANGASIWA NG LUPAIN AT

KUNG MAY ANIHAN HINDI PANTAY ANG HATIAN NG BAYAD. MASYADONG MAS MALAKI
ANG PARTE NILA. KAYA HINDI NA AKO NAGTATAKA KUNG NAPILIT NILA ANG
DALAWANG MATANDA NA PIRMAHAN ANG KASULATAN NG LUPAIN PARA MAPASA
KANILA ANG LUPAIN.

ACCUSED SIBLING 1: HIINDI TOTOO YANNN!!!

ACUSSED SISTER 2: WALA KANG ALAMMMM! HINDI YAN MAGAGWA NG KAPATID

KOOO!

JUDGE: ORDER IN THE COURT!

PROSECUTION 4: YOUR HONOR, NO FURTHER QUESTION

JUDGE: DEFENSE WOULD YOU LIKE TO CROSS-EXAMINE THE WITNESS?

DEFENSE 4: YES, YOUR HONOR. CAN I PROCEED?

JUDGE: YES YOU MAY PRECEDE

DEFENSE 4: ANG NABANGGIT MO AY DATI KAN TRABAHDOR NG MAG ASAWANG CRUZ,

TAMA?

PROSECUTION WITNESS 1: OPO

DEFENSE 4: IDINIDIIN MO SINA [Link] DAHIL AYON SA IYO MATAGAL NILANG

PINAG IINTERESAN ANG LUPAIN, TAMA?
14
PROSECUTION WITNESS 1:TAMA PO.

DEFENSE 4: NGUNIT AYON RIN SA IYO, ANG PAMILAYNG LOBAS ANG ITINALAGA
BILANG TAGAPANGASIWA NG LUPAIN? BAKIT KAYA?

PROSECUTION WITNESS 1: DAHIL MASYADO NILANG NILALAPIT ANG SARILI NIYA AT

NG KANYANG MGA MAGULANG SA MAG ASAWA AT NAGPAPA SIPSIP

DEFENSE 4: DAHIL NGA BA MASYADO NIYANG NILALAPIT ANG SARILI NYA SA MAG
ASWA O DAHIL SA ANAK NG MAG ASAWA ANG INA NI MR. LOBAS AT SADYANG
MASIPAG LANG ANG PAMILYA NILA AT DAHIL DOON LAHAT NA NG MGA GAWAIN AY
IPINAGKAKATIWALA SA KANILA. IDINIDIIN MO SI [Link] DAHIL SIYA ANG
PINAGKAKATIWALAAN NG MAG ASAWA AT HINDI IKAW, TAMA BA? IDINIDIIN MO SIYA
DAHIL IKAW NA MAS MATAGAL NA NAG TRABAHO SA KANILA AY KAILAN MAN HINDI KA
PINAGKATIWALAAN!

PROSECUTION 4: OBJECTION! HEARSAY YOUR HONOR!

JUDGE: OBJECTION SUSTAINED.

DEFENSE 1: YOUR HONOR, THIS IS THE COOPY OF PAYROLL A YEAR AGO BEFORE THE
DEATH OF THE SPOUSES CRUZ. AT KASALI ANG WITNESS. NATANGGAL SIYA SA
TRABAHO AT AYON SA IMBESTIGASYON NAG AMOK UMANO NG AWAY ANG WITNESS
SA MAG ASAWA KAYA WLANG NAGAWA ANG MAG ASAWA KUNDI ANG TANGGALIN SA
TRABAHO BAGO PA MAN ITO MAKAGAWA NG HIGIT PA SA PANGHAHAMOK. NO
FURTHER QUESTION YOUR HONOR

JUDGE: PROSECUTION, DO YOU HAVE ANY RE-DIRECT QUESTION?

PROSECUTION 4: NONE, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, DEFENSE YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

DEFENSE 5: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS KESIAH HILARIO PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING THE
BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

ACCUSED SIBLING 2: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 5: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

15
ACCUSED SIBLING 2: I KESIAH HILARIO, MARRIED, 35 YEARS OLD, AND A RESIDENT OF
MAURA, APARRI, CAGAYA

DEFENSE 5:ANO ANG ALAM MO SA KASONG ITO AT SA TINGIN MO TOTOO BA ANG

BINIBINTANG KAY MR. LOBAS PATUNGKOL SA PAGPEKE SA LAGDA NG MAG ASAWANG
CRUZ SA KASULATAN NG KANILANG LUPAIN?

ACCUSED SIBLING 2: ANG MAG LOLA AT LOLO PO NAMIN MISMO ANG NAG ALOK NA
KUNG GUSTONG BILHIN NG MAMA KO ANG LUPAIN NA IYON AY MAARI LAMANG NILA
ITONG BILHIN, KAYA NAMAN MATAGAL NILANG PINAG IPUNAN NG AKING KAPATID
UPANG MABILI NGA PO ITO. HINIDING HINDI PO MAGGAWA NG KAPATID KO NA
PEKEHIN ANG ANGLAGDA NG AMING LOLO AT LOLA. MATAAS PO ANG PAG RESPETO
NG KAPATID KO SA KANILA KAYA HINDI NAKAKAPANIWALA NA MAGGAGAWA NIYA ANG
IBINIBINTANG SA KANYA.

DEFENSE 5: NO FURTHER QUESTION YOUR HONOR

JUDGE: PROSECUTION, WOULD YOU LIKE TO CROS-EXAMINE THE WITNESS?

PROSECUTION 5: NO YOUR HONOR

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, PROSECUTION YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

PROSECUTION 5: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS GENNE ASHLEY TOMAS PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS

FACING THE BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD

PROSECUTION WITNESS 2: YES, I DO.

PROSECUTION 5 : PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

PROSECUTION WITNESS 2: I GENNE ASHLEY TOMAS, SINGLE, 34 YEARS OLD A

RESIDENT OF SANJA, APARRI, CAGAYAN

PROSECUTION 5: MAARI MO BANG ILAHAD SA KORTENG ITO KUNG ANNO ANG

RELASYON MO SA MAG ASAWANG CRUZ AT ANO ANG ALAM MO SA KASONG ITO?

PROSECUTION WITNESS 2: KAPITBAHAY PO AKO NG MAG ASAWNG CRUZ AT NAKA

USAP KO PO SI MR. RAMON CRUZ BAGO ANG BENTAHAN NG LUPA. NABANGGIT PO
NIYA SA AKIN NA BIBILHIN NA ANG KANYANG LUPA. ANG HINDI KO PO ALAM AY SINA
MR. LOBAS PALA ANG BIBILI ANG KANILANG KANILANG APO NA TAGAPANGALAGA NG
LUPA. NANINIWALA PO AKO NA MAY ANUMALYANG NANGYARI SA BENTAHAN NG LUPA
16
KAYA NARARAPAT LNG NA MAIBALIK SA MGA KARADAPAT DAPAT NA TAGA PAGMANA
ANG LUPAIN.

PROSECUTION 5: NO FURTHER QUESTION, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: DEFENSE, DO YOU HAVE ANY RE-DIRECT QUESTION?

PROSECUTION 5: NONE, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, DEFENSE YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

DEFENSE 5: THANK YOU, YOUR HONOR. I CALL TO THE STAND.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS KATRINE PALATTAO PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING

THE BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

ACCUSED SIBLING 3: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 5: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

ACCUSED SIBLING 3: I KATRINE PALATTAO, MARRIED, 32 YEARS OLD AND A RESIDENT

OF MAURA, APARRI, CAGAYAN

DEFENSE 5: MAARI MO BANG ILAHAD SA KORTENG ITO KUNG ANO ANG ALAM MO SA
KASONG ITO?

ACCUSED SIBLING 3: ANG LUPAIN PO NGAMING LOLO AT LOLA,BAGO PO NAMIN

BILHIN AY MATAGAL PONG INALAGAAN NG AKING KAPATID AT YUMAONG AMA .

DEFENSE 5: MAARI MO BANG ILARAWAN KUNG GAANO KATAGAL ANG PAG AALAGA
NG KAPATID MO SA LUPAIN?

ACCUSED SIBKING 3: MAHIGIT SAMPONG TAON PO MULA SA PAGBILI NIYA NITO.

DEFENSE 5: YOUR HONOR NO FURTHER QUESTION.

JUDGE: PROSECUTION, DO YOU HAVE ANY RE-DIRECT QUESTION?

PROSECUTION 5: NONE, YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN.

THANK YOU, PROSECUTION YOU MAY CALL YOUR FIRST WITNESS.

17
PROSECUTION 6: YOUR HONOR, WITH THE ADMISSION OF THE EVIDENCE, THE
PROSECUTION RESTS.

JUDGE: DOES THE DEFENSE INTEND TO CALL ANY WITNESSES, OR DOES THE DEFENSE
ALSO REST?

DEFENSE 6: YES WE HAVE HERE WITNESSES YOUR HONOR SUPPORTING WITH THESE
LEGAL DOCUMENTS YOUR HONOR. BEFORE WE CALL THE WITNESSES HERE ARE
PIECES OF EVIDENCE SHOWING THAT THE TRASACTION OR PROCESS IN BUYING THE
LAND IS AUTHENTIC. THE CCTV FOOTAGES TAKEN IN GSIS, NOTARIZATION, CAPITAL
GAIN TAX IN BIR, DOCUMENTARY STAMP AND THE CERTIFICATE OF TRANSFER YOUR
HONOR.

JUDGE: DEFENSE MAY NOW PRESENT THE WITNESS.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS JANKHARLA QUINTERO PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS

FACING THE BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

GSIS BANK WITNESS: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 7: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME BEFORE THE COURT

GSIS BANK WITNESS: I AM JANKHARLA QUINTERO, 26 YEARS OLD AND A RESIDENT OF

BULALA,CAMALANIUGAN CAGAYAN.

DEFENSE 7: WHAT DID YOU WITNESSED AT THE GSIS BANK ON APRIL 24, 2022?

GSIS BANK WITNESS (QUINTERO): I AM AN EMPLOYEE IN THE GSIS BANK AT

NOONGAPRIL 24, 2022, NAG WITHDRAW PO SI MRS. ANN CRUZ KASAMA SI MR.
ALDRIN LOBAS KASAMA NYA SINA SIR RAMON AT MARAGRETTE CRUZ PAGKATAPOS
AY NAKITA KO PO NA NAGPIRMAHAN SILA NG DOCUMENTS.

DEFENSE 7: HERE IS THE COPY OF THE FOOTAGES YOUR HONOR TO SUPPORT THE
STATEMENT OF THE WITNESS.

JUDGE: DO YOU HAVE ANY FURTHER QUESTION DEFENSE?

DEFENSE 7: YOUR HONOR NO FURTHER QUESTION

JUDGE: PROSECUTION DO YOU HAVE ANY REDIRECT QUESTION

PROSECUTION 1: NONE YOUR HONOR

JUDGE: DEFENSE MAY NOW PRESENT THE NEXT WITNESS.

18
JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS PRINCESS DESALLA PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING

THE BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

NOTARY PUBLIC: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 7: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT

NOTARY PUBLIC: I PRINCESS DESALLA, 35 YEARS OLD AND A RESIDENT OF TORAN

APARRI CAGAYAN

DEFENSE 7: ARE YOU THE LAWYER WHO NOTARIZED THE DEED OF SALE IN
QUESTION?

NOTARY PUBLIC: YES, THE TWO PARTIES WENT TO REGIONAL TRIAL COURT ON
FEBRUARY 05, 2021 ASKING ME TO NOTARIZED THE DEED OF SALE. KNOWING THE
CIRMUSTANCES OF THE TRANSACTION I AGREED TO NOTARIZE THE SAID DOCUMENT.

DEFENSE 7: YOUR HONOR NO FURTHER QUESTION

JUDGE: PROSECUTION DO YOU HAVE ANY REDIRECT QUESTION

PROSECUTION 1: NONE YOUR HONOR

DEFENSE 7: YOUR HONOR THE ONE WHO ISSUED THE DOCUMENTARY STAMP IS ALSO
HERE TO TESTIFY YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: DEFENSE YOU MAY NOW PRESENT THE NEXT WITNESS.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS STEPHEN CASTILLO PROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING

THE BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

DOCUMENTARY STAMP WITNESS: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 7: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT.

DOCUMENTARY STAMP WWITNESS: AKO PO SI STEPHEN CASTILLO, 40 YEARS OLD,

AND A RESIDENT OF CENTRO, GATTARAN .

19
DEFENSE 7: MAARI MO BANG SABIHIN KUNG ANO ANG INISSUE MONG DOCUMENTO Mr
Castillo?

DOCUMENTARY STAMP WITNESS: YES PO ATTY. AKO PO ANG NAGISSUE NG

DOCUMENTARY STAMP KAY MR. LOBAS. LEGAL PO ANG PAGISSUE DAHIL NAIPROVIDE
NAMAN NI MR. LOBAS ANG MGA DOCUMENT PARA SIYAY MAISSUE-AN NG
DOCUMENTARY STAMP PRIOR TO THE ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATE OF TRANSFER.

DEFENSE 7: TUNAY NGA NA LEGAL ANG PROSESO SA PAGBILI NG LUPA TAMA BA MR.
CASTILLO?

DOCUMENTARY STAMP WITNESS: BASE PO SA MGA DOCUMENTO NA PINAKITA NI MR.

LOBAS, OPO ATTY.

DEFENSE 7: YOUR HONOR HERE IS THE COPY OF THE DOCUMENTARY STAMP FOR
YOUR REFERENCE ATTACHED DOCUMENTS ARE THE NECESSARY REQUIREMENTS
PRIOR TO THE ISSUANCE OF DOCUMENTARY STAMP.

DEFENSE 7: TUNAY NA WALANG PWERSANG NAGANAP DAHIL LEGAL PO ANG MGA

DOKUMENTO YOUR HONOR. I REST MY CASE YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY NOW REST YOUR CASE DEFENSE.

JUDGE: PROSECUTOR, YOU MAY NOW PRESENT YOUR WITNESS.

JUDGE: WILL THE WITNESS PLEASE STAND TO BE SWORN IN BY THE CLERK OF THE
COURT.

(WITNESS A-N DUMADAGPROCEEDS TO WITNESS CHAIR THEN STANDS FACING THE

BAILIFF)

CLERK: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND. DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE
TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THIS COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP YOU GOD?

BARANGAY CAPTAIN: YES, I DO.

DEFENSE 7: PLEASE STATE YOUR NAME FOR THE COURT.

BARANGAY CAPTAIN: AKO PO SI A-N DUMADAG, 51 YEARS OLD, KAPITAN NG BRGY.

SANJA, APARRI.

PROSECUTOR 1: MAARI MO BANG ISALAYSAY SA HUKUMANG ITO ANG ANG HINDI

PAGSIPOT NG BIKTIMA SA SUMMON, CAP?

BARANGAY CAPTAIN: OPO ATTY, NOONG MARCH 05,2024 AY PINA SUMMON NI MS.
RAECHELLE PEREZ SI ALDRIN LOBAS PATUNGKOL SA LUPA NGUNIT HINDI SUMIPOT SI
MR. LOBAS KAYA NAISIPAN NI MS. REACHELLE PEREZ NA MAGSAMPA NG KASO SA
POLICE STATION SINCE HINDI PO AKO MAKAGAWA NG DISPOSITION PAGKAT ANG
SITWASYON AY NAPAKASERYOSONG USAPAN.

PROSECUTOR 1 :SINABI MO MS. DUMADAG NA HINDI SUMIPOT ANG AKUSADO, RIGHT?

20
BARANGAY CAPTAIN: OPO YOUR HONOR.

PROSECUTOR 1: ISANG PALATANDAAN NA MAY TINATAGO O KINAKATAKUTAN ANG

ACCUSADO.

DEFENSE 7: OBJECTION YOUR HONOR, THE STATEMENT OF THE PROSECUTOR IS

SPECULATIVE.

JUDGE: OBJECTION GRANTED.

JUDGE: DO YOU HAVE ANY FURTHER QUESTION PROSECUTOR?

PROSECUTOR 1: NONE YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: YOU MAY STEP DOWN. DEFENSE MAY NOW PRESENT THE PIECES OF EVIDENCE
OF YOUR COMPLAINT.

DEFENSE 7: YES YOUR HONOR.I WOULD LIKE TO PRESENT THIS DOCUMENT SHOWING
THERE WERE NO FRAUDULENT ACTION HAPPENED.

(THE CLERK RECEIVED THE DOCUMENTS AND FORWARDED TO THE JUDGE)

CLERK:
MAY I CALL ON THE QUESTION FRAUDULENT INVESTIGATOR TO PRESENT HIS
FINDINGS BASED ON THE RESULT OF HIS OR HER INVESTIGATION.

JUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES MR. SMITH AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN DOCUMENT

EXAMINATION. MR. SMITH, PLEASE
TAKE THE STAND AND BE SWORN IN
JUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES MR. SMITH AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN DOCUMENT
EXAMINATION. MR. SMITH, PLEASE
TAKE THE STAND AND BE SWORN IN
JUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES MR. SMITH AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN DOCUMENT
EXAMINATION. MR. SMITH, PLEASE
TAKE THE STAND AND BE SWORN IN
JUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES MIRAFUENTE RICA AS A FRAUD INVESTIGATOR. MS.
MIRAFUENTE TAKE THE STAND AND BE SWORN IN.
JUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES MR. SMITH AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN DOCUMENT
EXAMINATION. MR. SMITH, PLEASE
TAKE THE STAND AND BE SWORN IN

[BAILIFF TAKES THE EXPERT WITNESS STAND]

CLERK OF THE COURT
: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND DO YOU PROMISE THAT THE TESTIMONY
YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THESE COURT SHALL BE THE TRUTH,
THE WHOLE TRUTH, ANDNOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP ME GOD.

FRAUD INVESTIGATOR : I DO

JUDGE:MS. MIRAFUENTE, CAN YOU PLEASE STATE YOUR FULL NAME AND OCCUPATION
FOR THE RECORD

21
FRAUD INVESTIGATOR: CERTAINLY, YOUR HONOR. MY NAME IS ,RICA MIRAFUENTE A
FRAUD INVESTIGATOR.

JUDGE: JUDGE: THANK YOU, MS. MIRAFUENTE . DEFENSE, YOU MAY PROCEED WITH
YOUR EXAMINATION

FRAUD INVESTIGATOR: THESE ARE THE BANK CHECKS WHICH CERTIFY THAT THE
ACCUSED INDEED DEPOSITED AND WITHDRAW AN AMOUNT OF THREE HUNDRED AND
SIXTY THOUSAND PESOS ON APRIL 24, 2022.

PROSECUTION 5: THAT’S ALL YOUR HONOR

JUDGE: IS THERE ANY WITNESS?

PROSECUTION 5: YES YOYR HONOR I WOULD LIKE TO CALL ON THE DOCUMENT

EXAMINER TO PRESENT BEFORE THIS COURT THE FINDINGS OF HER EXAMINATION

DEFENSE 8 : AND WHAT QUALIFICATIONS DO YOU HAVE THAT MAKE YOU AN EXPERT
IN THIS FIELD?

DOCUMENT EXAMINER (MAXIMO): I HAVE A BACHELOR'S DEGREE IN FORENSIC

SCIENCE WITH A SPECIALIZATION IN DOCUMENT EXAMINATION. I AM A CERTIFIED
DOCUMENT EXAMINER, ACCREDITED BY THE PHILIPPINE BOARD OF FORENSIC
DOCUMENT EXAMINERS: I HAVE ALSO UNDERGONE RIGOROUS TRAINING AND HAVE
CONDUCTED NUMEROUS EXAMINATIONS AND COMPARISONS OF QUESTIONED
DOCUMENTS THROUGHOUT MY CAREER.

DEFENSE 8 : HAVE YOU TESTIFIED AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN DOCUMENT

EXAMINATION BEFORE

DOCUMENT EXAMINER (MAXIMO): YES, I HAVE TESTIFIED IN REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS

ON MULTIPLE OCCASIONS. I HAVE BEEN QUALIFIED AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN
DOCUMENT EXAMINATION AND HAVE PROVIDED OPINIONS AND ANALYSIS THAT HAVE
BEEN ADMITTED AND RELIED UPON BY THE COURTS.

DEFENSE 8: YOUR HONOR, I WOULD LIKE TO OFFER MS. MAXIMO AS AN EXPERT

WITNESS IN DOCUMENT EXAMINATION, BASED ON HIS QUALIFICATIONS AND
EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD. I BELIEVE HER EXPERTISE WILL BE BENEFICIAL
TO THE COURT IN EVALUATING THE EVIDENCE IN THIS CASE
MR. SMITH: I HAVE A BACHELOR'S DEGREE IN FORENSIC SCIENCE WITH A
SPECIALIZATION IN DOCUMENT EXAMINATION.
I AM A CERTIFIED DOCUMENT EXAMINER, ACCREDITED BY THE AMERICAN BOARD OF
FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINERS.
I HAVE ALSO UNDERGONE RIGOROUS TRAINING AND HAVE CONDUCTED NUMEROUS
EXAMINATIONS AND COMPARISONS OF
QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS THROUGHOUT MY CAREER

PROSECUTION 1: YOUR HONOR, I HAVE NO OBJECTIONS TO MS. MAXIMO BEING

QUALIFIED AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN DOCUMENT EXAMINATION. HOWEVER, I
RESERVE THE RIGHT TO CHALLENGE THE SPECIFIC OPINIONS HE MAY OFFER DURING
HIS TESTIMONY.

22
JUDGE: THANK YOU, BOTH ATTORNEYS. BASED ON [Link], QUALIFICATIONS AND
EXPERIENCE, THE COURT FINDS HIM QUALIFIED AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN
DOCUMENT EXAMINATION. MS. Maximo, YOU MAY PROVIDE YOUR EXPERT OPINIONS
BASED ON YOUR ANALYSIS AND EXAMINATION OF THE RELEVANT DOCUMENTS IN
THIS CASE.

DOCUMENT EXAMINER (MAXIMO):

YES, LET ME SHOW YOU THE DOCUMENTS THAT ARE SAID BEING FORGE AND THE
FORGE DOCUMENTS. BASED ON THE EVIDENCE FORWARDED BY THE PROSECUTION
WAS THE XEROX COPY OF THE DEED OF ABSOLUTE SALE. BASIC IS THE RULE OF
EVIDENCE THAT WHEN THE SUBJECT OF INQUIRY IS THE CONTENTS OF A DOCUMENT,
NO EVIDENCE IS ADMISSIBLE OTHER THAN THE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT ITSELF EXCEPT
IN THE INSTANCES MENTIONED IN SECTION 3, RULE 130 OF THE REVISED RULES OF
COURT. MERE PHOTOCOPIES OF DOCUMENTS ARE INADMISSIBLE PURSUANT TO THE
BEST EVIDENCE RULE. THIS IS ESPECIALLY TRUE WHEN THE ISSUE IS THAT OF
FORGERY.
AS A RULE, FORGERY CANNOT BE PRESUMED AND MUST BE PROVED BY CLEAR,
POSITIVE AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE AND THE BURDEN OF PROOF LIES ON THE
PARTY ALLEGING FORGERY. THE BEST EVIDENCE OF A FORGED SIGNATURE IN AN
INSTRUMENT IS THE INSTRUMENT ITSELF REFLECTING THE ALLEGED FORGED
SIGNATURE. THE FACT OF FORGERY CAN ONLY BE ESTABLISHED BY A COMPARISON
BETWEEN THE ALLEGED FORGED SIGNATURE AND THE AUTHENTIC AND GENUINE
SIGNATURE OF THE PERSON WHOSE SIGNATURE IS THEORIZED UPON TO HAVE BEEN
FORGED. WITHOUT THE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT CONTAINING THE ALLEGED FORGED
SIGNATURE, ONE CANNOT MAKE A DEFINITIVE COMPARISON WHICH WOULD
ESTABLISH FORGERY. A COMPARISON BASED ON A MERE XEROX COPY OR
REPRODUCTION OF THE DOCUMENT UNDER CONTROVERSY CANNOT PRODUCE
RELIABLE RESULTS.

THEREFORE I WOULD LIKE TO PRESENT THE FINDINGS OF MY EXAMINATION ON THE

ORIGINAL COPY OF THE DEED OF ABSOLUTE SALE AND MARRIAGE CONTRACT OF MR.
AND MRS. CRUZ.
IT IS TRUE THAT THERE ARE DIFFERENCE IN TREMORS AND ALIGNMENT, HOWEVER IT
DOES NOT EQUATE WITH FORGERY BASED ON OTHER PERTINENT DOCUMENTS
SIGNED BY THE COUPLE THE CHANGES ARE INDEED VISIBLE IF YOU COMPARE A
SIGNATURE FROM 41 YEARS AGO.

JUDGE: DEFENSE AND PROSECUTION ANYFURTHER QUESTIONS

PROSECUTION AND DEFENSE: NONE YOUR HONOR

JUDGE: DEFENSE MAY NOW PRESENT THE EVIDENCES OF YOUR COMPLAINT..

DEFENSE 8: YES YOUR HONOR.I WOULD LIKE TO PRESENT THIS DOCUMENT SHOWING
THE RESULT OF THE POLYGRAPH EXAMINATION CONDUCTED.

(THE CLERK RECEIVED THE DOCUMENTS AND FORWARDED TO THE JUDGE)

CLERK: MAY I CALL ON THE POLYGRAPH EXAMINER TO PRESENT HIS FINDINGS.

TO BEJUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES MR. SMITH AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN

DOCUMENT EXAMINATION. MR. SMITH, PLEASE
TAKE THE STAND AND BE SWORN IN
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JUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES MR. SMITH AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN DOCUMENT
EXAMINATION. MR. SMITH, PLEASE
TAKE THE STAND AND BE SWORN IN
JUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES MR. SMITH AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN DOCUMENT
EXAMINATION. MR. SMITH, PLEASE
TAKE THE STAND AND BE SWORN IN
JUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES JAPETH TAGUBA AS THE POLYGRAPH EXAMINER TO
BE SWORN IN
JUDGE: THE COURT RECOGNIZES MR. SMITH AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN DOCUMENT
EXAMINATION. MR. SMITH, PLEASE
TAKE THE STAND AND BE SWORN IN

[BAILIFF TAKES THE EXPERT WITNESS STAND]

CLERK OF THE COURT: PLEASE STAND. RAISE YOUR RIGHT HAND DO YOU PROMISE
THAT THE TESTIMONY YOU SHALL GIVE IN THE CASE BEFORE THESE COURT SHALL BE
THE TRUTH, THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH, SO HELP ME GOD.

EXPERT WITNESS: I DO

JUDGE: MR. TAGUBA, CAN YOU PLEASE STATE YOUR FULL NAME AND OCCUPATION
FOR THE RECORD

POLYGRAPH EXAMINER: CERTAINLY, YOUR HONOR. MY NAME IS JAPETH TAGUBA A

POLYGRAPH EXAMINER WITH OVER 15 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD

JUDGE: THANK YOU,. DEFENSE, YOU MAY PROCEED WITH YOUR EXAMINATION

DEFENSE 8: AND WHAT QUALIFICATIONS DO YOU HAVE THAT MAKE YOU AN EXPERT
IN THIS FIELD?

POLYGRAPH EXAMINER: I HAVE A BACHELOR'S DEGREE IN FORENSIC SCIENCE WITH A

SPECIALIZATION IN LIE DETECTION TECHNIQUES. I AM A CERTIFIED POLYGRAPH
EXAMINER , ACCREDITED BY THE PHILIPPINE BOARD OF FORENSIC.I HAVE ALSO
UNDERGONE RIGOROUS TRAINING AND HAVE CONDUCTED NUMEROUS
EXAMINATIONS AND COMPARISONS OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS THROUGHOUT MY
CAREER.

DEFENSE 8: HAVE YOU TESTIFIED AS AN EXPERT WITNESS.

POLYGRAPH EXAMINER: YES, I HAVE TESTIFIED IN REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS ON

MULTIPLE OCCASIONS. I HAVE BEEN QUALIFIED AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN LIE
DETECTION AND HAVE PROVIDED OPINIONS AND ANALYSIS THAT HAVE BEEN
ADMITTED AND RELIED UPON BY THE COURTS.

DEFENSE 8: YOUR HONOR, I WOULD LIKE TO OFFER MR. TAGUBA AS AN EXPERT

WITNESS IN POLYGRAPH EXAMINATION, BASED ON HIS QUALIFICATIONS AND
EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD. I BELIEVE HIS EXPERTISE WILL BE BENEFICIAL
TO THE COURT IN EVALUATING THE EVIDENCE IN THIS CASE
MR. SMITH: I HAVE A BACHELOR'S DEGREE IN FORENSIC SCIENCE WITH A
SPECIALIZATION IN DOCUMENT EXAMINATION.

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I AM A CERTIFIED DOCUMENT EXAMINER, ACCREDITED BY THE AMERICAN BOARD OF
FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINERS.
I HAVE ALSO UNDERGONE RIGOROUS TRAINING AND HAVE CONDUCTED NUMEROUS
EXAMINATIONS AND COMPARISONS OF
QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS THROUGHOUT MY CAREER

PROSECUTION 3: YOUR HONOR, I HAVE NO OBJECTIONS TO MR. JAPETH TAGUBA AS A

POLYGRAPH EXAMINER. HOWEVER, I RESERVE THE RIGHT TO CHALLENGE THE
SPECIFIC OPINIONS HE MAY OFFER DURING HIS TESTIMONY.

JUDGE: THANK YOU, BOTH ATTORNEYS. BASED ON [Link] QUALIFICATIONS AND

EXPERIENCE, THE COURT FINDS HIM QUALIFIED AS AN EXPERT WITNESS IN
POLYGRAPH EXAMINATION. MR. TAGUBA YOU MAY PROVIDE YOUR EXPERT OPINIONS
BASED ON YOUR ANALYSIS AND EXAMINATION OF THE RELEVANT INFORMATION IN
THIS CASE. HOWEVER, THE RULES OF COURT ONLY ACCEPTS POLYGRAPH
EXAMINATION AS A CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE.

POLYGRAPH EXAMINER: YES YOUR HONOR, THESE ARE THE COPIES OF INTERVIEW
QUESTIONS AND THE FINDINGS OF FOUR CHARTS.
FIRST I WOULD LIKE TO CLARIFY BEFORE THE COURT THAT THE ACCUSED
VOLUNTARILY UNDERGO EXAMINATION THAT HE WAS NOT FORCED TO DO SO, HE
WAS ALSO APPRAISED OF HIS CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS AND NO DECEPTION AND
THREAT OF ANY FORM COMPELLED HIM TO UNDERGO EXAMINATION.
BASED ON THE CAREFUL EXAMINATION AND UPON THE OBJECTIVE EXAMINATION OF
THE FOUR CHARTS I CAN CONCLUDE THAT THERE WERE NO SIGNS OF DECEPTION
EXHIBITED BASED ON THE TRACINGS ON THE POLYGRAPH MACHINE.

JUDGE: DEFENSE AND PROSECUTION ANY FURTHER QUESTIONS

PROSECUTION AND DEFENSE: NONE YOUR HONOR.

JUDGE: IS THERE ANY REBUTAL FROM THE PROSECUTION SIDE?

PROSECUTION (ALL)- NONE YOUR HONOR

JUDGE: IF SO I WOULD LIKE TO REQUEST TO THE CLERK OF THIS COURT TO READ MY

VERDICT

CLERK OF THE COURT;

WE HAVE NOW HEARD ARGUMENTS FROM BOTH SIDES IN THE CASE OF PEOPLE OF
THE PHILIPPINES V ALDRIN CRUZ LOBAS. I MUST NOW DECIDE IF THE STATE
HAS PROVEN BEYOND A REASONABLE DOUBT THAT THE DEFENDANT IS NOT
GUILTY OF FALSIFICATION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS. THE DEFENDANT ALSO PROVED
TO THIS COURT ALL THE EVIDENCE MATERIAL TO PROVE THAT THE MONEY HE HAD IN
HIS POSSESSION IN WHICH THEY USED TO BUY A LAND IS NOT QUESTIONABLE. I HAVE
BEEN GIVEN MATERIAL THAT WILL HELP UNDERSTAND THE LAW REGARDING
PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE AND REASONABLE DOUBT, AS WELL AS THE
REQUIREMENT FOR A UNANIMOUS VERDICT AND THE FACTS THAT THE STATE
MUST PROVE IN ORDER TO FIND THE DEFENDANT NOT GUILTY.

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 WHEREFORE, THIS COURT FINDS THE ACCUSED NOT GUILTY OF CHARGED
WITH FALSIFICATION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS FOR PREPARING, FORGING,
AND FALSIFYING A DEED OF ABSOLUTE SALE.

JUDGE: ADJOURNED

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