Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to MR.

VINCE GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD

Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

(ICS 91.010.30)

SINGAPORE STANDARD

Singapore National Annex to Eurocode 1 :

Actions on structures
– Part 1-6 : General actions – Actions during
execution

Confirmed 2015

Published by
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

(ICS 91.010.30)

SINGAPORE STANDARD
Singapore National Annex to Eurocode 1 : Actions
on structures
– Part 1-6 : General actions – Actions during execution

ISBN 978-981-4278-10-2
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

This Singapore Standard was approved by the Building and Construction Standards Committee on
behalf of the Standards Council of Singapore on 16 June 2009.

First published, 2009

The Building and Construction Standards Committee appointed by the Standards Council consists of
the following members:

Name Capacity

Chairman : Mr Goh Peng Thong Member, Standards Council

st
1 Dy Chairman : Mr Lee Chuan Seng Member, Standards Council
nd
2 Dy Chairman : Mr Tan Tian Chong Member, Standards Council
Secretary : Mr James Choo Sou Yong SPRING Singapore
Members : Mr Boo Geok Kwang Singapore Civil Defence Force
Er. Chan Ewe Jin Institution of Engineers, Singapore
Mr Chan Yew Kwong Ministry of Manpower
Mr Paul Fok Land Transport Authority
Mr Goh Ngan Hong Singapore Institute of Surveyors and
Valuers
Mr Anselm Gonsalves National Environment Agency
Mr Desmond Hill Singapore Contractors Association Limited
Mr Benedict Lee Khee Chong Singapore Institute of Architects
Ms Andris Leong Building and Construction Authority
Assoc Prof Leong Eng Choon Nanyang Technological University
Dr Lim Lan-Yuan The Association of Property and Facility
Managers
Mr McDonald Low Real Estate Developers’ Association of
Singapore
Mr Larry Ng Lye Hock Urban Redevelopment Authority
Assoc Prof Gary Ong Khim Chye National University of Singapore
Mr Davis Ong Wee Choon Singapore Manufacturers’ Federation
Er. Shum Chee Hoong Housing & Development Board
Dr Tan Guan Association of Consulting Engineers,
Singapore
Mr Tang Pei Luen JTC Corporation
Co-opted
Member : Dr Tam Chat Tim Individual Capacity

2
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

The Technical Committee on Building Structure and Sub-structure appointed by the Building and
Construction Standards Committee and responsible for the preparation of this standard consists of
representatives from the following organisations:

Name Capacity

Chairman : Dr Tan Guan Member, Building and Construction

Standards Committee
Co-Chairman : Er. Chew Keat Chuan Building and Construction Authority
Secretary : Ms Lee Hiok Hoong SPRING Singapore
Members : Er. Chan Ewe Jin Institution of Engineers, Singapore
Mr Chen Enyi Cement and Concrete Association of
Singapore
LTC Cheok Poh Chin Singapore Civil Defence Force
Dr Sujit Ghosh Ready Mix Concrete Association of
Singapore
Dr Ho Nyok Yong Singapore Contractors Association Ltd
Mr Ho Wan Boon Singapore Structural Steel Society
Mdm Neo Bian Hong Land Transport Authority
Assoc Prof Gary Ong Khim Chye Singapore Concrete Institute
Mr Sze Thiam Siong Setsco Services Pte Ltd
Er. Angeline Tan Bee Hoon Housing & Development Board
Er Tan Jui Teck CPG Corporation Pte Ltd
Assoc Prof Tan Kiang Hwee National University of Singapore
Er. Tang Pei Luen JTC Corporation
Assoc Prof Susanto Teng Nanyang Technological University
Co-opted
Members : Dr Tam Chat Tim Individual Capacity
Dr Tan Teng Hooi Individual Capacity

The following Technical Experts contributed in their individual capacity to the preparation of this
standard:

Dr Tan Teng Hooi (WG Convenor)

Er. Tay Ah Ching (WG Secretary)
Mr Adrian Billinghurst
Er. Chan Yek Seng
Er. Ho Pui Ming
Er. Fred Lee Ka Wing
Dr Leong Eng Choon
Prof Richard Liew Jat Yuen
Er. Lim Peng Hong
Er. Low Kam Fook
Mr Ong Yew Hing
Dr Tan Kang Hai
Er. Tan See Chee
Er. Tay Yak Hong
Mr Tong Tee Hui

3
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

The organisations in which the experts are involved are:

Beca Carter Hollings Ferner (SEA) Pte Ltd

Building and Construction Authority
CPG Consultants Pte Ltd
Defence Science & Technology Agency
Jurong Consultants Pte Ltd
Land Transport Authority
Maunsell Consultants (Singapore) Pte Ltd
Ministry of Manpower
Nanyang Technological University
National University of Singapore
TYH Consulting Engineers
[Link] International Pte Ltd
Worley Parsons Pte Ltd

4
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

Contents
Page

National Foreword 6

CLAUSES

NA.1 Scope 7
NA.2 Nationally determined parameters 7
NA.3 Decisions on the status of informative annexes 10
NA.4 References to non-contradictory complementary information 10

Bibliography 11

5
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

National Foreword

This National Annex was prepared by the Technical Committee on Building Structure and Sub-
structure under the purview of the Building and Construction Standards Committee.

This standard is an adoption of the UK National Annex (NA to BS EN 1991-1-6 : 2005) to Eurocode 1 :
Actions on structures – Part 1-6 : General actions – Actions during execution.

Acknowledgement is made to BSI for the use of information from the above publication.

This Singapore NA contains information on those parameters which are left open in EN 1991-1-6 for
national choice, known as nationally determined parameters. The Singapore NA is to be read in
conjunction with the SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 – Eurocode 1 : Actions on structures – Part 1-6 : General
actions – Actions during execution.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Singapore Standard may be the
subject of patent rights. Enterprise Singapore shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all of
such patent rights.

6
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

Singapore National Annex to SS EN 1991-1- 6 : 2009 – Eurocode 1 :

Actions on structures – Part 1- 6 : General actions – Actions during
execution

NA.1 Scope
This Annex gives:

a) the Singapore decisions for the nationally determined parameters described in the following
subclauses of SS EN 1991-1-6:

 1.1(3)
 2.2(4) Note 1
 3.1(1)P
 3.1(5) Notes 1 and 2
 3.1(7)
 3.1(8) Note 1
 3.3(2)
 3.3(6)
 4.9(6) Note 2
 4.10(1)P
 4.11.1(2) Table 4.1
 4.11.2(1) Note 2
 4.12(1)P Note 2
 4.12(2)
 4.12(3)
 4.13(2)
 Annex A, A1.1(1) Note 2
 Annex A, A1.3(2)
 Annex A, A2.3(1) Note 1
 Annex A, A2.4(2)
 Annex A, A2.4(3)
 Annex A, A2.5(2)
 Annex A, A2.5(3) Note 1

b) the decisions on the status of SS EN 1991-1-6, informative Annex B (see NA.3);

c) references to non-contradictory complementary information (see NA.4).

NA.2 Nationally determined parameters

NA.2.1 Design rules for auxiliary construction works

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 1.1(3)]

SS CP 14 Design of scaffolds and SS CP 23 Design of formwork shall apply. For design of temporary
earth retaining structures, the requirements of the relevant authority shall apply.

For other types of auxiliary construction works, use the recommended design rules in BS EN 12810,
BS EN 12811, BS EN 12812 and TG20:(05) [1], as appropriate and defined for the individual project.

NA.2.2 Positioning of construction loads classified as “free”

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 2.2(4) Note 1]

The limits of movement for construction loads classified as “free” should be defined for the individual
project.

7
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

NA.2.3 Design situations corresponding to wind actions during storm conditions

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 3.1(1)P]

For guidance on design situations for wind actions during storm conditions, refer to BCSA Publication
No. 39/05 Guide to steel erection in windy conditions [2].

NA.2.4 Return periods for the determination of the characteristic values of variable
actions during execution
[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 3.1(5) Note 1]

The values should be defined for the individual project, using the recommended values as a minimum.

NA.2.5 Minimum wind speed during execution

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 3.1(5) Note 2]

The recommended value should be defined for the individual project. As a guide, the following wind
speed values may apply:

Wind return period, 10 mins 3 sec (m/s)

years average (m/s)
2 13.5 22.6
5 15.6 26.5
10 17 29.1
15 17.8 30.6

NA.2.6 Rules for the combination of snow loads and wind actions with construction
loads [SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 3.1(7)]

Rules for combination should be defined for the individual project.

NA.2.7 Rules concerning imperfections in the geometry of the structure

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 3.1(8) Note 1]

The imperfections should be defined for the individual project.

NA.2.8 Criteria associated with serviceability limit states during execution

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 3.3(2)]

The criteria associated with serviceability limit states should be defined for the individual project.

NA.2.9 Serviceability requirements for auxiliary construction works

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 3.3(6)]

The recommended rules and values may be appropriate; however, they should be defined for the
individual project.

See also NA.2.1.

NA.2.10 Actions due to ice, including floating ice

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 4.9(6) Note 2]

SS EN 1991-1-6, Clause 4.9(6) is not applicable to Singapore.

NA.2.11 Actions due to atmospheric icing

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 4.10(1)P]

SS EN 1991-1-6, Clause 4.10(1) is not applicable to Singapore.

8
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

NA.2.12 Recommended characteristic values of construction loads Qca and Qcb

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 4.11.1(2) (Table 4.1)]

Qca – The characteristic value qca,k of the uniformly distributed load may be defined for the individual
project and a minimum value of 1.00 is recommended.

Qcb – The characteristic values may be defined for the individual project. The recommended minimum
values should be used for bridges. For other applications use the recommended rules.

NA.2.13 Construction loads during the casting of concrete

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 4.11.2(1) Note 2]

The following recommended minimum values should be used for:

Qca: qca, k = 0.75 kN/m as given in Table 4.2

2

Qcc: qcc, k = 0.5 kN/m given in Table 4.1.

2

Alternative values for Qca and Qcc may be determined for the individual project if a specific assessment
is undertaken.

Values for Qcf should be assessed and determined for the individual project taking account of the
information provided in Table 4.1 and 4.11.2.

NA.2.14 Dynamic effects due to accidental actions

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 4.12(1)P Note 2]

Values should be specified for the individual project. The recommended rules and values should be
used for determination, although the given value of 2 may be appropriate, subject to assessment.
Other specific requirements, such as for shipping, may apply. See also SS EN 1991-1-7 and its
National Annex.

NA.2.15 Dynamic effects due to falls of equipment

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 4.12(2)]

The values should be defined for the individual project.

NA.2.16 Design values of human impact loads

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 4.12(3)]

The recommended values should be used.

NA.2.17 Seismic actions

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, 4.13(2)]

The design values for ground acceleration and the importance factor 1 may be defined for the
individual project. See also BS EN 1998 for further information if it is relevant.

NA.2.18 Representative values of the variable actions due to construction loads

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, Annex A, A1.1(1) Note 2]

The recommended values should be used, including those for transient and persistent accompanying
actions.

9
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

NA.2.19 Characteristic values of equivalent horizontal forces

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, Annex A, A1.3(2)]

The recommended value may be appropriate; however, values should be determined and defined for
the individual project.

NA.2.20 Design values of vertical deflections for the incremental launching of bridges
[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, Annex A, A2.3(1) Note 1]

The recommended values may be appropriate; however, they should be determined and defined for
the individual project.

NA.2.21 Reduction of the characteristic value of snow loads

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, Annex A, A2.4(2)]

SS EN 1991-1-6 Annex A2.4 is not applicable to Singapore.

NA.2.22 Reduced values of characteristic snow loads for the verification of static
equilibrium [SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, Annex A, A2.4(3)]

SS EN 1991-1-6 Annex A2.4 is not applicable to Singapore.

NA.2.23 Design values of horizontal friction forces

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, Annex A, A2.5(2)]

The recommended values may be appropriate; however, they should be determined and defined for
the individual project.

NA.2.24 Determination of friction coefficients μmin and μmax

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, Annex A, A2.5(3) Note 1]

The recommended rules and values for the friction coefficients, μmin and μmax may be appropriate;
however, they should be determined and defined for the individual project.

NA.3 Decisions on the status of the informative annexes

NA.3.1 Actions on structures during alteration, reconstruction or demolition

[SS EN 1991-1-6:2009, Annex B]

Annex B may be used for buildings and most civil engineering works.

Annex B may not be used for highway or railway structures unless its use is specified in the individual
project.

NA.4 References to non-contradictory complementary information

The following is a list of references that contain non-contradictory complementary information for use
with SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009.

SS CP 11, Code of practice for demolition.

Singapore Technical Reference (TR) for deep excavation.

BCSA Publication No. 39/05, Guide to steel erection in windy conditions, British Constructional
Steelwork Association, London 2005.

10
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

Bibliography

Standards publications
*
SS EN 1991-1-7, Eurocode 1 – Actions on structures – Part 1-7 : General actions – Accidental actions

BS EN 1998 (all parts), Eurocode 8 – Design of structures for earthquake resistance

BS EN 12810 (all parts), Facade scaffolds made of prefabricated components

BS EN 12811 (all parts), Temporary works equipment

BS EN 12812, Falsework – Performance requirements and general design

SS CP 14, Code of practice for scaffolds

SS CP 23, Code of practice for formwork

Other publications

[1] NASC TG 20 05, Technical Guidance on the use of BS EN 12811-1; Guide to Good Practice
for Scaffolding with Tubes and Fittings. National Access and Scaffolding Confederation,
London, 2005

[2] BCSA Publication No. 39/05, Guide to steel erection in windy conditions, British Constructional
Steelwork Association, London, 2005
*
Singapore Technical Reference for deep excavation

*
In preparation

11
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

NA to SS EN 1991-1-6 : 2009 (2015)

12
COPYRIGHT
Licensed by Enterprise Singapore to [Link] GOH , COWI SINGAPORE PTE LTD
Singapore Standards Tax Invoice No : LP2-IN0000040841 / Downloaded : 12-07-2019
Single user licence only, copying and networking prohibited

The Singapore Standardisation Programme

is managed by Enterprise Singapore

[Link]