Matrices
R D Sharma
Important Examples
1. For what value of x and y are the following matrices equal ?
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏 𝟑𝒚 𝒙 + 𝟑 𝒚 𝟐
+ 𝟐]
A=[ 𝟐 ] ,𝑩 = [
𝟎 𝒚 − 𝟓𝒚 𝟎 −𝟔
2. Let A be a matrix of order 3 x 4 . If R1 denotes the first row of A and
C2 denotes its second column , then determine order of matrices R1
and C2
3. The sales figure for two car dealers during January showed that
dealer A sold 5 luxury , 3 premium and 4 stranded cars while dealer
B sold 7 luxury 2 premium and 3 standard cars . Total sales over
two-month period of January to February revealed that dealer A has
sold 8 luxury , 7 premium and 6 stranded cars in the same two-
month period dealer B sold 10 luxury 5 premium and 7 stranded
cars . Write 2 x 3 matrices summarizing sales data for January and
the two-month period for each dealer. Hence find the sales in
February for each year
4. In a Certain city there are 25 colleges . Each college has 15 peons , 6
clerks , 2 Cashier, 1 typist and one section officer . Express the given
information as a column matrix . Using scalar multiplication find the
total number of posts of each kind in all the colleges
5. If A = diag(2 -5 9 ) , B = (1 1 -4) and c = diag(-6 3 4) , find 2A + 3B –
5C
6. Find x , y satisfying the matrix equations
𝒙 − 𝒚 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐 𝟐 𝟔 𝟎 𝟎
[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
𝟒 𝒙 𝟔 𝟏 𝟎 −𝟏 𝟓 𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 𝟓
7. Find the value of 𝝀 , a non zero scalar , If
𝟏 𝟎 𝟐 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟒 𝟏𝟎
𝝀[ ] +𝟐[ ]=[ ]
𝟑 𝟒 𝟓 −𝟏 −𝟑 𝟐 𝟒 𝟐 𝟏𝟒
8. If X and Y are 2 x 2 matrices, then solve the following matriux
equation for X and Y
𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐 𝟐
𝟐𝑿 + 𝟑𝒚 = [ ] , 𝟑𝑿 + 𝟐𝒀 = [ ]
𝟒 𝟎 𝟏 −𝟓
9. In a certain city there are 30 colleges , Each college has 15 peons , 6
clerks , 1 typist and 1 section officer . Express the given information
as a column matrix . Using scalar multiplication , find the total
number of posts of each kind in all the colleges.
10. The monthly income of Aryan and Babban are in the ratio 3 : 4 and
their monthly expenditure are in the ratio 5 : 7 . If each saves Rs
15,000 per month , find their monthly income using matrix method .
Matrices
R D Sharma
Important Examples
11. If A and B are square matrices of order n, then prove that A and b
will commute iff A-µI and B- µI commute for every scalar µ
12. If AB = a and BA = B , then show that A2= A , B2 = B
13. there are two families A & B There are 4 men , 6 women and 2
children in family A and 2 men , 2 women and 4 children in family B.
The recommended daily allowance for calories is Man : 2400 women
: 1900 child : 1800 and for proteins is Man : 55g, woman : 45g and
child : 33g .
14. Use matrix multiplication to divide Rs 30,000 into two parts such
that the total amount interest at 9% on the first part and 11% on the
second part amount Rs 3060
15. A transport company has 3 types of trucks T1 , T2 and T3 to
transport three type of vehicle V1 , V2 and V3 . The capacity of each
truck in terms of three types of vehicle is given below :
V1 V2 V3
𝐓𝟏 𝟏 𝟑 𝟐
𝐓𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟑
𝐓𝟑 𝟑 𝟐 𝟐
find the number of vehicles of each type which can be transported if
the company has 10 , 20 and 30 trucks of type T1, T2 and T3
respectively.
𝟏 𝟎 𝟐 𝟏
16. If [𝟏 𝟏 𝒙] [𝟎 𝟐 𝟏] [𝟏] = 𝟎 , 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒅 𝒙
𝟐 𝟏 𝟎 𝟏
𝟏 𝟐
17. If 𝑨 = [ ] 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑 , 𝑺𝒉𝒐𝒘 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒇(𝑨) = 𝟎
𝟐 𝟏
18. Trust fund has rupees 30,000 that must be invested in two
different types of bonds. The first one pays 5% interest per year and
the second bond pays 7% interest per year. Using matrix
multiplication determine how to divide between 30,000 among the
two types of bonds . If the trust fund must obtain an annual total
interest of rupees 1800
19. three firms A , B and C supplied 40, 35 and 25 trucks loads of
stones and 10, 5, 8 trucks loads of sand respectively to a contractor .
If the cost of stone and send are Rs 1200 and Rs 500 per truck load
respectively . find the total amount paid by the contractor to each of
these firms by using matrix method .
20. Show that the elements on the main diagonal of a skew symmetric
matrix are all zero
21. Show that positive odd integral power of a skew symmetric matrix
are skew symmetric and positive even integral power of a skew
symmetric matrix are symmetric.
22. Let A and B are symmetric matrix of same order , then show that
(i) AB – BA is a skew symmetric matrix
(ii) AB + BA is a symmetric matrix