PROBLEM 17.1 ‘The rotor of an electric motor has an angular velocity of 3600 rpm when the load and power are cut off. The 50-kg rotor, which has a centroidal radius of gyration of 23 em, then coasts to rest. Knowing that the kinetic friction of the rotor produces a couple of magnitude 3.4 N-m, determine the number of revolutions that the rotor executes before coming to rest. SOLUTION Kinetic energy: Position 1. (@, = 3600 rpm = 1207 rad/s = 50(.23)'= 2.645 N-m-s? Position 2. o,=0, Work: M=34N-m, U,. =-M0= Principle of work and energy: T+ Ua = 7; 187.95 x10° 3.48 =0, @ = 55281 radians @ = 8708 revPROBLEM 17.2 ‘A.200-kg flywheel is at rest when a constant 300 N-m couple is applied. ‘After executing 560 revolutions, the flywheel reaches its rated speed of 2400 rpm. Knowing that the radius of gyration of the flywheel is 400 mm, determine the average magnitude of the couple due to kinetic fiction in the bearing. SOLUTION Moment of inertia: T = mk = (200)(0.400 Initial state. @=0, 7,=0 Rotation angle: — @,= 560 rev = 11207 radians Let Mybe the couple due to friction. Work: U\_.=M (@,—6,) = (300 - ,)(11207) Final state: @= 2400 rpm = 80 rad/s 462)(800)'= 1.01065 x 108 J Principle of work and energy: 7, +U,_.) = 0 + (300 — M,, )(1120z) = 1.01065 x10° 300 ~ M, = 287.23 2.77 N-mPROBLEM 17.6 ‘The uniform 4-kg cylinder 4, of radius r= 150 mm, has an angular velocity @, = 50 rad/s when it is brought into contact with an identical cylinder B which is at rest. The coefficient of kinetic friction at the contact point D is 4. After a period of slipping, the cylinders attain constant angular velocities of equal magnitude and opposite direction at the same time. Knowing that cylinder A executes three revolutions before it attains a constant angular velocity and cylinder B executes one revolution before it attains a constant angular velocity, determine (a) the final angular velocity of each cylinder, (b) the coefficient of kinetic friction 14. SOLUTION $(a)(o.1s) = 0.045 kg-m Cylinder 4: +} EA, N-W=0, N=W =(4)(9.81) =39.24N Kinetic friction force: Fy = JN = 39.24, N Kinetic energy: 1 519; = (0.0225) °) EM, = Fyr = 39.24, (0.15) = 5.88644, N-m Uy 42 = -M 8, =~ (5.88614, (6) = -110.949, N-m Principle of work and energy for eylinder A: T, +U, 42 =F: 56.25 -110.9494, = 0.02250 0.022500, +110.9491, = 56.25 (a) % Kinematics: At the time of no slipping, 14M = Og Oa =0 @ Cylinder B: Kinetic energy: qT he fret = 0.02253 IM, = Fyr = 5.8864, NemPROBLEM 17.6 CONTINUED Ugg = Mg Og = (5.886}1; )(2%) = 36.983, N-m Principle of work and energy for cylinder B: T,+U 42 =Ty: 0+36.983uy = 0.0225 0.0225} — 36.9834, = 0 @) Solving (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously, @) = 625(rad/s)’, 3 = 625(rad/s)”, pt, = 0.380 (@ @, = 25rad/s 4 @, = 25 rads") ) a 0.3804PROBLEM 17.7 ‘Two uniform disks of the same material are attached to a shaft as shown, Disk 4 has a weight of 4.5 kg and a radius r= 15.2 cm, Disk B is twice as thick as disk A. Knowing that a couple M of magnitude 30 N-m is applied to disk A when the system is at rest, determine the radius nr of disk B if the angular velocity of the system is to be 480 rpm after 5 revolutions. SOLUTION Moments of inertia: Disk 4: = hme? = $ @3)(as2) = 051984 Nem: Disk B: my = mf ley = 43) (2)(n) = 99 Nem ta AM 1 2 ith 37(9"? o1s2n) = .103968n* N-m-s? Total: 1 = 1, +1, = (051984 +.1039680*) Nem-s? Work: 0, — 0, =S tev = 107 radians U. sz = M(@, —@,) = (30)(107) = 3002 N-m Kinetic energy: @,=0, T=0 ©, = 480 rpm =l6r rad/s Ty = hie} Principle of work and energy: Lo 0+ Un = slo} Solving for J, @)G007) 746 N-m-s? (162) Radius of disk B: Equating the two expressions for J, 051984 + .103968 n* nt = 6.67528, n=1.6 ry = ry = (1.6)(152m) = 24m y= 24m <fe) PROBLEM 17.9 os The double pulley shown has a mass of 14 kg and a centroidal radius of gyration of 165 mm. Cylinder 4 and block B are attached to cords that are wrapped on the pulleys as shown. The coefficient of kinetic friction between block B and the surface is 0.25. Knowing that the system is released from rest in the position shown, determine (a) the velocity of cylinder 4 as it strikes the ground, (b) the total distance that block B moves before coming to rest. om SOLUTION Let v, = speed of block 4, v, = speed of block B, «= angular speed of pulley. Kinematics: v4, =rg0 = 0.2500, vg = rg = 0.15000 sq = =0.2500, sy =r, = 0.1500 (a) Cylinder 4 falls to ground. Sa Sp 0450 (0.900) = 0540 m Work of weight 4: Uyg = 14984 = (11-5)(9.81)(0.900) = 101.5345 Normal contact force acting on block B: N = mpg = (9)(9.81) =88.29N Friction force on block B: HN = (0.25)(88.29) = 22.0725 N Work of friction force: Us = -Fy 8g = —(22.0725)(0.540) = -11.919 J Total work: U; 43 = 101.534 11.919 = 89.615 J Kinetic energy: T=0, T= jm + fio + dow 1 1 Lae din fot + nck? +4 mg do? yaa + 5 ck yee = S]01.5)(0.250F + (14)(0.165F + (9)(0.150) Jo? = 0.5120" Principle of work and energy: T+U, =T 0.489.615 = 0.65120", — @ = 11.7309 rad/s Velocity of eylinder A: v, = (0.250)(11.7309)PROBLEM 17.9 CONTINUED (6) Block B comes to rest. For block B and pulley C, h fico? +L mprio? = s[ese 165)° + (9)(0.150) [11.7309 = 40.159) Work of friction force: [Link] = -Fys'p = 22.0755 Principle of work and energy: Tt+Us4 = hy 40.159 - 22.0725s, =0, sy =1.819m Total distance for block B: d=55 45s d=0.540+1.819 d=236m<4250 nwo} Ls wn —a PROBLEM 17.10 ‘The 200-mm-radius brake drum is attached to a larger flywheel that is not shown, The total mass moment of inertia of the flywheel and drum is 19 kg-m? and the coefficient of kinetic friction between the drum and the brake shoe is 0.35. Knowing that the initial angular velocity of the flywheel is 360 rpm counterclockwise, determine the vertical force P that ‘must be applied to the pedal C if the system is to stop in 100 revolutions. SOLUTION Kinetie energy: @, = 360 rpm = 12 rad/s, @ = 0 ra =ti0F = Hls)(ioey =13.502x10° J T=0 Work: 4 = (100) (20) = 628.32 rad Mp = Fr = F,(0.200) Uj 42 = —Mp@ = -F; (0.200) (628.32) = 125.6648, Principle of work and energy: T+U 2 =T 13.502 x10° -125.664F, = 0, F, =107.445N Kinetic friction force: Fy =N F, wy att = 107AMS _ 56 99 my (035 Statics: +) =M. 0: 0.225P +0. 050F, —0250N =0 0.225 P + (0.050)(107.445) — (0.250)(306.99)=0 P=317.2 P=317N|4PROBLEM 17.12 Each of the gears 4 and B has a weight of 2.3 kg anda radius of gyration of 10.2cm, while gear Chas aweightof 11.3 kganda radius of gyration of 19 cm, ‘A couple M of magnitude 9.15N-m is applied to gear C, Determine e (a) the number of revolutions of gear C required for its angular velocity fay 2 to increase from 100 to 450 rpm, (6) the corresponding tangential force 4 M acting on gear A. q £ “oveee SOLUTION Moments of inertia: Gears A and B: = 01328 N-m-s* Gear C: Kinematics: Kinetic energy: T= Sle? _ 10 oe 25 Position 1. 4¢ = 100 rpm =H rad/s; y= Oy = 250m = = rad/s Gear 4: (4), = $(.01328 (J = 4.55098 N-m 1 25m ¥ Gear B: (i), = 3( 0528 ][2E] = 4ss005.m 1 lox y Gear C: (i). = 5 (40798 (J = 22.367 N-m System: % = (Ti), + (Ti)y + Tig = 31.468 NomPROBLEM 17.12 CONTINUED Position 2. @¢ = 450 rpm = 15 rad/s; @, = Og = 37.5m rad/s Gear A: (1), = } (01328) (37.507 = 92.15743 Naw Gear B: (4), = (01328 )@7.5r) = 92.19743 Nem Gear C: (). = 5 (40793 josey = 452.937 Nm System: T= (%),+(B), +(G), = 637.25 Nem Work of couple: Uy = MO. = 9.158. Principle of work and energy for system: TtUn=% 31.M68 +9.150, = 637.25, O¢ = 66.2 radians (a) Rotation of gear C: Qo = 10.54 rev Rotation of gear 4: 0, = (2.5)(66.2) = 165.5 radians Principle of work and energy for gear A: (%),+M8s =(D), 4.55098 + M, (165.5) = 92.15743, M, = 529N.m (6) Tangential force on gear 4: F=S19N 4ae | aes = B Cc OG 1 PROBLEM 17.14 ‘A slender rod of length / is pivoted about a point C located at a from its center G. It is released from rest in a horizontal position and swings freely. Determine (a) the distance b for which the angular velocity Of the rod as it passes through a vertical position is maximum, (6) the corresponding values of its angular velocity and of the reaction at C. SOLUTION Position 1. Elevation: Position 2. Elevation: Principle of conservation of energy: i Hhth, (B) Angular velocity:PROBLEM 17.14 CONTINUED Reaction at C: 1) IM, = mba, + Tar: mi? +T ae, @=0, 4 =0 C=2mg |PROBLEM 17.15 ‘A 3-kg slender rod rotates in a vertical plane about a pivot at B. A spring of constant k = 300 Nim and of unstretched length 120 mm is attached to the rod as shown. Knowing that in the position shown the rod has an angular velocity of 4 rad/s clockwise, determine the angular velocity of the rod after it has rotated through (a) 90°, (b) 180°. SOLUTION Mass center G lies atthe midpoint of AC, m=3kg Fixed lengths: Lug =750 mm, ge =150mm, Lye = 900 mm, Ig =378 mm, yg =a L4G =0.225 mm, Igy =360 mm Spring: 1=Icp(variable) J =120mm, e=/—h ‘Moment of inertia T= J mile = 25(8)(0.73)° = 0.140625 kgm? ‘Velocity of mass center: Yo = Ing =0.22500 Datum for potential energy: Gravity: Level line through B. ‘Spring: e=0 Potential energy: V =mgh + ze Motion is a rotation about a fixed axis through B. a , lol Lee aT Kinetic energy: T= smi +5 alli + To’ 3 [C2257 + 0.140625 Ja =0. Position 1 Asshown, @=0, @=4 rad/s ) n=0 Vike + fn = Jo. 15° +036 =039m =0.39 - 0.120 =0.27 m ! (3)(9.81)(0)+ $(300)(0277 = 10.9353 .14625)(4) = 2.34)PROBLEM 17.15 CONTINUED Point G is directly above B. Position 2. 8 =90° ), h= = 0.225 m 1= Lap — Ipc = 0.36 — 0.150 = 0.210 m 210 — 0.120 = 0.090 m ¥ =(8)(981)(0225) + £(800)(0.090) = 7.83675 1 0.14062503 Conservation of energy: TiAh=htl 10.935 +2.34 = 7.83675 + 0.146250; ©, = 6.10 rad/s) (a) Angular velocity at @ = 90°: 9 =180° ), Baris horizontal. Position 3. n=0 e = 0.39 —0.120=0.27 m V, = (3)(9.81)(0) + $(300)(027) = 10.935 J T, = 0.146250; ‘Conservation of energy: T+h=hth 10.935 + 2.34 = 10.935 + 0.14625a; @, = 400 rad/s) 4 (6) Angular velocity at @ = 180°:PROBLEM 17.18 The 30-kg turbine disk has a centroidal radius of gyration of 175 mm and is rotating clockwise at a constant rate of 60 rpm when a small blade of mass 51 grams at point A becomes loose and is thrown off. Neglecting friction, determine the change in the angular velocity of the turbine disk afier it has rotated through (a) 90°, (6) 270°. SOLUTION Mass of blade: m,=51 grams = 0.051 kg Weight of blade: mg = (0.051)(9.81) = 0.5 N Moment of inertia about 0: Jg = mk? 30(0.175) — 51x10 (0.3) = 0.91416 kg-m? Location of mass center for the position shown: Position 1. 8 =0°, @ = 60 rpm = 27 rad/s Kinetic energy: Tq Flot Center of gravity lies at the level of point 0 h =0 Potential energy: V, = (mg — mg) = 0 (@) Position 2. 0-90 Kinetic energy: T= slot Center of gravity lies a distance “44 above point O. hy = mm, mm, Potential energy: Vy = (mg — myg)hy = mygr, = (0.5)(0.3) = 0.150 N-m Conservation of energy: Tth=h+h Ls soc rg? plo +0 = sloth +V, -(2nf - 23015), ©, = 6.257016 radsPROBLEM 17.40 The flywheel shown has a radius of 500 mm, a mass of 110 kg and a radius of gyration of 375 mm. A 20-kg block A is attached to a wire that is wrapped around the flywheel. Determine the power delivered by the electric motor attached to the shaft of the flywheel at the instant when the velocity of block 4 is 7.5 m/s up and its acceleration is (a) zero, (5) 0.9 mis? up. a SOLUTION Kinematics: oa"4 r Moment of inertia: Iq =m,k? = (110)(0.375) =15.46875 ke-m? To, a 6 L ‘2 Fr 4 ma w Kinetics: 2) My = E(Mo ue! Mate =toacemag (2 40 r Jo M = Wr +| 2+ mr be, a r Power: P=Mo 2) Data: m=20 kg, W =(20)(9.81)=196.2N, r=500mm=0.5m, v4 =7.5 mis 72 = 15 rads 05 (a) Acceleration is zero. a,=0 ‘From Equation (1), M = (196.2)(0.5)+0=98.1N-m From Equation (2), P = (98.1)(15) = 1471.5 N-m/s =1.472 kW(b) Acceleration is 0.9 m/s? up. From Equation (1), From Equation (2), PROBLEM 17.40 CONTINUED a, =0.9 ms*f - 15.46875 M = (196.2)(0.5) + Ss P = (134.94375)(15) = 2024 W = 20)(03) 09) =134.94375 N-m 024 kWPROBLEM 17.41 The shaft-disk-belt arrangement shown is used to transmit 2386.2 N-m/s from point 4 to point D. Knowing that the maximum allowable couples that can be appllied to shafts AB and CD are 24.4 N-m and 78.6 N-m, respectively, determine the required minimum speed of shaft 4B. SOLUTION Power: 3.2 hp = 2386.2 N-m/s M gy <244.N-m . P__ _ 2386. P=M, mine, =— — = S82 = 97.7 radls un 7 maxM yy 244 Mep <786Nm . P 2386.2 P=M, =—_ = 30.3 radi cote, minen = a = 86 s Kinematics: min Oy, =" (30.3) = 121.2 rads nit eit) =(-!2 a) Speedmin = 1157 rpm 4PROBLEM 17.43 A I81-kg flywheel is at rest when a constant 24.4 N-m couple is applied. It is observed that 4.3 min are required for the flywheel to reach its rated speed of 2400 rpm. Knowing that the radius of gyration of the flywheel is 35.6 cm, determine the average magnitude of the couple due to kinetic friction in the bearing. SOLUTION Data: Moment of inertia. 7 = 181(356) = 22.9 N-m-s* ‘Angular velocity: @ = 2400 rpm = 807 rad/s Time: ¢=43min = 258s Moment on flywheel: (24.4 ~My) Nem Principle of impulse and momentum: — oo S rer? )+ - ‘Syst Momenta, + Syst. Ext Imp,_,. = Syst Momenta, Moments about O: 0+M=l0 0+ (24.4 - M,)(258) = (22.9)(802) 2.2N-m4 244 — M, = 22.3N-mPROBLEM 17.44 A 250-kg flywheel is at rest when a constant 300-N-m couple is app at time r= 0, At = 28 s, the flywheel reaches its rated speed of 3000 rpm and the couple is removed. Assuming that the kinetic friction results in a constant couple of magnitude 12.5 N-m, determine (a) the radius of gyration of the flywheel, (b) the time at which the flywheel comes to rest. SOLUTION O<1< 285, M =300 ~12.5 = 287.5 Nm At 1=28s, @ = 3000 rpm = 1007 rad/s Principle of impulse and momentum: Moments about axle: T(0)+Me=To 21309) sos ag! 100 o T _ [25.624 Radius of gyration; «k= /~ @ lius of gyration: a 350 1.320 m W = Syst Momenta, *) moments about 4: T, (4), + r4[Facdt ~(My) 1 =0 (1.08 x10 )(523.60) + 0.00] Fyedh — 0.15¢ or 0.151 = 0.06] Fyedt = 0.56549 a Gear B: By a similar analysis, 0.15¢ — 0.06] Fycdt = 0.56549 Q) Let x = [Fycdt + [Fgcdt and add Equations (1) and (2). 0.3¢ — 0.06x = (0.56549)(2) = 1.13098. 8)PROBLEM 17.60 A flywheel is rigidly attached to a 38-mm-radius shaft that rolls without sliding along parallel rails. Knowing that after being released from rest, the system attains a speed of 152 mnvs in 30 s, determine the centroidal radius of gyration of the system. a ws SOLUTION Kinematics, Rolling motion, Instantancous center a a Moment of inertia: T= mk? Kinetics: fo soe (© + | ) i" J Y - SS a Sut Syst Momenta, + Syst Ext Imp, ,» = >) moments about C: 0+ (mgt)rsin B = mir + To Be mgirsin B= of: + r} , Solving for k?, e a (o ovop | Comicon 0.79718 m? k =0.850m<PROBLEM 17.62 ¥ @ Cords are wrapped around a thin-walled pipe and a solid cylinder as shown. Knowing that the pipe and the cylinder are each released from rest at time 1 = 0, determine at time # the velocity of the center of (a) the ” } pipe, (b) the cylinder. w o SOLUTION Moments of inertia: Pipe: 7 = mr? Solid cylinder: 7 Kinematics: Since the cord does not stretch, point C, where the cord separates from the pipe or cylinder, is the instantaneous center of rotation. Let ¥ be the velocity of the center G. c v o ee Principle of impulse and momentum: at hee + ( [rat ex NK Syst Momenta, + Syst Ext Imp, = Moments about C: 0+ (mgt)r =(mi¥)r +To = {om + (i. a-vfis—y “ ( mr? ) Velocity of the center of (a) the pipe. gt =T(I +1) (5) the cylinder. gs of! +)