MEWARUNI

VERSI
TY
DEPARTMENTOFPHARMACY
[Link] VSem.
Medi
cinal
Chemi
str
yI
Mul
ti
pleChoi
ceQuest
ions(
MCQ’
s)

1.`
Essent
ial
drugs’
are:
[Link]
fesav
ingdr
ugs
[Link]
ugst
hatmeett
hepr
ior
it
yheal
thcar
eneedsoft
hepopul
ati
on
[Link]
ugst
hatmustbepr
esenti
ntheemer
gencybagofadoct
or
[Link]
ugst
hatar
eli
stedi
nthephar
macopoi
aofacount
ry
[Link]
ugadmi
nist
eredt
hrought
hef
oll
owi
ngr
out
eismostl
i
kel
ytobesubj
ect
edt
ofi
rst
-
passmet
abol
i
sm:
[Link]
[Link]
i
ngual
[Link]
[Link]
al
[Link]
ansder
mal
drugdel
i
ver
ysy
stemsof
fert
hef
oll
owi
ngadv
ant
agesexcept
:
[Link]
oducehi
ghpeakpl
asmaconcent
rat
ionoft
hedr
ug
[Link]
oducesmoot
handnonf
luct
uat
ingpl
asmaconcent
rat
ionoft
hedr
ug
[Link]
nimi
sei
nter
indi
vi
dual
var
iat
ionsi
ntheachi
evedpl
asmadr
ugconcent
rat
ion
[Link]
oidhepat
icf
ir
st-
passmet
abol
i
sm oft
hedr
ug
4.I
n addi
ti
on t
o sl
ow i
ntr
avenous i
nfusi
on,whi
ch of t
he f
oll
owi
ng r
out
es of
admi
nist
rat
ional
l
owsf
ort
it
rat
ionoft
hedoseofadr
ugwi
tht
her
esponse:
[Link]
i
ngual [Link]
ansder
mal
C.I
nhal
ati
onal [Link]
insuf
fl
ati
on
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugsi
sadmi
nist
eredbyi
ntr
anasalspr
ay/
appl
i
cat
ionf
or
sy
stemi
cact
ion:
[Link]
lephr
ine [Link]
essi
n
[Link]
ast
ine [Link]
omet
hasonedi
propi
onat
e
[Link]
edt
osubcut
aneousi
nject
ion,
thei
ntr
amuscul
ari
nject
ionofdr
ugs:
A.I
smor
epai
nful
[Link]
oducesf
ast
err
esponse
C.I
sunsui
tabl
efordepotpr
epar
ati
ons
[Link]
ri
esgr
eat
err
iskofanaphy
lact
icr
eact
ion
[Link]
kal
i
nizat
ionofur
inehast
enst
heexcr
eti
onof
:
[Link]
ybasi
cdr
ugs
[Link]
yaci
dicdr
ugs
[Link]
rongel
ect
rol
ytes
[Link]
ardr
ugs
[Link]
ori
tyofdr
ugscr
ossbi
ologi
cal
membr
anespr
imar
il
yby
:
[Link]
vedi
ff
usi
on
[Link]
l
itat
eddi
ff
usi
on
[Link]
ivet
ranspor
t
[Link]
nocy
tosi
s
[Link]
ff
usi
onofdr
ugsacr
osscel
lmembr
ane:
A.I
sdependentuponmet
abol
i
cact
ivi
tyoft
hecel
l
B.I
scompet
it
ivel
yinhi
bit
edbychemi
cal
l
yrel
ateddr
ugs
C.I
saf
fect
edbyext
entofi
oni
zat
ionofdr
ugmol
ecul
es
[Link]
bit
ssat
urat
ionki
net
ics
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugsi
smostl
i
kel
ytobeabsor
bedf
rom t
hest
omach:
[Link]
phi
nesul
fat
e
[Link]
clof
enacsodi
um
[Link]
osci
nehy
drobr
omi
de
[Link]
ninedi
hydr
ochl
ori
de
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
saweakl
yaci
dicdr
ug:
[Link]
ropi
nesul
fat
e
[Link]
oroqui
nephosphat
e
[Link]
inehy
drochl
ori
de
[Link]
toi
nsodi
um
[Link]
mpor
tantf
act
orwhi
chgov
ernsdi
ff
usi
onofdr
ugsacr
osscapi
l
lar
iesot
her
t
hant
hosei
nthebr
aini
s:
[Link]
oodf
lowt
hrought
hecapi
l
lar
y
[Link]
pidsol
ubi
l
ityoft
hedr
ug
[Link]
alueoft
hedr
ug
[Link]
hemedi
um
[Link]
ivet
ranspor
tofasubst
anceacr
ossbi
ologi
calmembr
aneshast
hef
oll
owi
ng
char
act
eri
sti
csexcept
:
A.I
tisspeci
fi
c
B.I
tispHdependent
C.I
tissat
urabl
e
D.I
trequi
resmet
abol
i
cener
gy
[Link]
icy
cli
cant
idepr
essant
scanal
tert
heor
alabsor
pti
onofmanydr
ugsby
:
[Link]
exi
ngwi
tht
heot
herdr
ugi
nthei
ntest
inal
lumen
[Link]
ter
inggutmot
il
it
y
[Link]
ter
inggutf
lor
a
[Link]
nggutmucosa
[Link]
oav
ail
abi
l
ityofdr
ugr
efer
sto:
[Link]
cent
ageofadmi
nist
ereddoset
hatr
eachessy
stemi
cci
rcul
ati
oni
ntheunchanged
f
orm
[Link]
ioofor
alt
opar
ent
eral
dose
[Link]
ioofor
all
yadmi
nist
ereddr
ugt
othatexcr
etedi
nthef
aeces
[Link]
ioofdr
ugexcr
etedunchangedi
nur
inet
othatexcr
etedasmet
abol
i
tes
[Link]
oav
ail
abi
l
itydi
ff
erencesamongor
alf
ormul
ati
onsofadr
ugar
emostl
i
kel
yto
occuri
fthedr
ug:
A.I
sfr
eel
ywat
ersol
ubl
e
B.I
scompl
etel
yabsor
bed
C.I
sincompl
etel
yabsor
bed
[Link]
goesl
i
ttl
efi
rst
-passmet
abol
i
sm
[Link]
mpor
tantf
act
orgov
erni
ngabsor
pti
onofadr
ugf
rom i
ntactski
nis:A.
Mol
ecul
arwei
ghtoft
hedr
ug
[Link]
teofappl
i
cat
ion
[Link]
pidsol
ubi
l
ityoft
hedr
ug
[Link]
ureoft
hebaseusedi
nthef
ormul
ati
on
18.I
fthet
otalamountofadr
ugpr
esenti
nthebodyatagi
venmomenti
s2.
0gandi
ts
pl
asmaconcent
rat
ioni
s25μg/
ml,
itsv
olumeofdi
str
ibut
ioni
s:
A.100L B.80L C.60L D.50L
[Link]
oll
owi
ngat
tri
but
eofadr
ugt
endst
oreducei
tsv
olumeofdi
str
ibut
ion:
[Link]
ghl
i
pidsol
ubi
l
ity
[Link]
oni
sat
ionatphy
siol
ogi
cal
pHv
alues
[Link]
ghpl
asmapr
otei
nbi
ndi
ng
[Link]
ght
issuebi
ndi
ng
[Link]
kedr
edi
str
ibut
ioni
saf
eat
ureof
:
[Link]
ghl
yli
pidsol
ubl
edr
ugs
[Link]
lyl
i
pidsol
ubl
edr
ugs
[Link]
epar
ati
ons
[Link]
ghl
ypl
asmapr
otei
nbounddr
ugs
[Link]
olat
il
e,hi
ghl
yli
pidsol
ubl
edr
ugi
smet
abol
i
zedatar
ateof15%perhour
.On
i
ntr
avenousi
nject
ioni
tpr
oducesgener
alanaest
hesi
afor10mi
[Link]
chpr
ocessi
s
r
esponsi
blef
ort
ermi
nat
ionofi
tsact
ion:
[Link]
abol
i
sm i
nli
ver
[Link]
asmapr
otei
nbi
ndi
ng
[Link]
eti
onbyki
dney
[Link]
str
ibut
ion
[Link]
ood-
brai
nbar
ri
er,
whi
chr
est
ri
ctsent
ryofmanydr
ugsi
ntobr
ain,
isconst
it
uted
by
:
A.P-
gly
copr
otei
nef
fl
uxcar
ri
ersi
nbr
aincapi
l
lar
ycel
l
s
[Link]
ghtj
unct
ionsbet
weenendot
hel
i
alcel
l
sofbr
aincapi
l
lar
ies
[Link]
mespr
esenti
nbr
aincapi
l
lar
ywal
l
s
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snott
rueoft
hebl
ood-
brai
nbar
ri
er:
A.I
tisconst
it
utedbyt
ightj
unct
ionsbet
weent
heendot
hel
i
alcel
l
sofbr
aincapi
l
lar
ies
andt
hegl
i
alt
issue
B.I
tal
l
owspassageofl
i
pidsol
ubl
edr
ugsi
ntot
hebr
ain
C.I
tli
mit
sent
ryofhi
ghl
yioni
zeddr
ugsi
ntot
hebr
ain
D.I
tregul
atespassageofsubst
ancesf
rom br
aini
ntobl
ood
[Link]
yaci
dicdr
ugs:
[Link]
eboundpr
imar
il
ytoα1aci
dgl
ycopr
otei
ninpl
asma
[Link]
eexcr
etedf
ast
eri
nal
kal
i
neur
ine
[Link]
ehi
ghl
yioni
zedi
nthegast
ri
cjui
ce
[Link]
ossbl
ood-
brai
nbar
ri
er
[Link]
ghpl
asmapr
otei
nbi
ndi
ng:
A.I
ncr
easesv
olumeofdi
str
ibut
ionoft
hedr
ug
[Link]
l
itat
esgl
omer
ularf
il
tr
ati
onoft
hedr
ug
[Link]
nimi
sesdr
ugi
nter
act
ions
[Link]
all
ymakest
hedr
ugl
ongact
ing
[Link]
asmapr
otei
nboundf
ract
ionofadr
ug:
[Link]
ri
but
est
other
esponseatt
hegi
venmoment
[Link]
nsconst
anti
rr
espect
iveoft
het
otal
drugconcent
rat
ion
[Link]
nsconst
anti
rr
espect
iveoft
hedi
seasest
ate
D.I
snotav
ail
abl
eformet
abol
i
sm unl
essact
ivel
yext
ract
edbyt
hel
i
ver
[Link]
otr
ansf
ormat
ionofdr
ugsi
spr
imar
il
ydi
rect
edt
o:
[Link]
ivat
ethedr
ug
B.I
nact
ivat
ethedr
ug
[Link]
ertl
i
pidsol
ubl
edr
ugsi
ntononl
i
pidsol
ubl
emet
abol
i
tes
[Link]
ertnonl
i
pidsol
ubl
edr
ugsi
ntol
i
pidsol
ubl
emet
abol
i
tes
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sapr
odr
ug:
[Link]
dral
azi
ne [Link]
oni
dine [Link]
opr
il [Link]
apr
il
[Link]
odr
ugi
s:
[Link]
otot
ypememberofacl
assofdr
ugs
[Link]
destmemberofacl
assofdr
ugs
[Link]
nact
ivedr
ugt
hati
str
ansf
ormedi
nthebodyt
oanact
ivemet
abol
i
te
[Link]
ugt
hati
sst
oredi
nbodyt
issuesandi
sthengr
adual
l
yrel
easedi
ntheci
rcul
ati
on
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngcy
tochr
omeP450i
soenzy
mesi
sinv
olv
edi
nthemet
abol
i
sm
ofl
argestnumberofdr
ugs i
n human bei
ngs and has been i
mpl
i
cat
ed i
n some
danger
ousdr
ugi
nter
act
ions:
A.CYP3A4 B.CYP2C9
C.CYP2E1 D.CYP1A2
[Link]
oll
owi
ngi
snott
rueoft
hecy
tochr
omeP450i
soenzy
meCYP2D6:
A.I
tgener
ates t
he hepat
otoxi
c met
abol
i
te N-
acet
ylbenzoqui
none i
mmi
ne f
rom
par
acet
amol
B.I
tisi
nvol
vedi
ndemet
hyl
ati
onofcodei
nei
ntomor
phi
ne
C.I
tsal
ter
edf
ormi
sresponsi
blef
orpoorcapaci
tyt
ohy
droxy
lat
emanydr
ugsi
ncl
udi
ng
met
opr
olol
D.I
tisi
nhi
bit
edbyqui
nidi
ne
[Link]
yoccur
ri
ngconj
ugat
ionr
eact
ionf
ordr
ugsandt
hei
rmet
abol
i
tes
i
s:
[Link]
ucur
oni
dat
ion [Link]
ylat
ion
[Link]
hyl
ati
on [Link]
utat
hioneconj
ugat
ion
[Link]
crosomal
enzy
mei
nduct
ioncanbeacauseof
:
[Link]
erance [Link]
sical
dependence
[Link]
chol
ogi
cal
dependence D.I
diosy
ncr
asy
[Link]
oll
owi
ngdr
ugmet
abol
i
zingr
eact
ioni
sent
ir
elynonmi
crosomal
:
[Link]
ucur
oni
deconj
ugat
ion [Link]
ylat
ion
[Link]
dat
ion [Link]
ion
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngt
ypesofdr
ugmet
abol
i
zingenzy
mesar
einduci
ble:
[Link]
crosomal
enzy
mes [Link]
crosomal
enzy
mes
[Link]
hmi
crosomal
andnonmi
crosomal
enzy
[Link]
tochondr
ial
enzy
mes
36.I
nduct
ionofdr
ugmet
abol
i
zingenzy
mesi
nvol
ves:
A.A conf
ormat
ionalchangei
ntheenzy
mepr
otei
ntof
avourbi
ndi
ng ofsubst
rat
e
mol
ecul
es
[Link]
essi
onofenzy
memol
ecul
esont
hesur
faceofhepat
ocy
tes
[Link]
ranspor
tofsubst
rat
emol
ecul
esi
ntohepat
ocy
tes
D.I
ncr
easedsy
nthesi
sofenzy
mepr
otei
n
[Link]
ectt
hedr
ugt
hatunder
goesext
ensi
vef
ir
st-
passmet
abol
i
sm i
nthel
i
ver
:
[Link]
bit
one
[Link]
opr
anol
ol
[Link]
lbut
azone
[Link]
ll
ine
[Link]
ugswhi
chunder
gohi
ghdegr
eeoff
ir
st-
passmet
abol
i
sm i
nli
ver
:
[Link]
elowor
albi
oav
ail
abi
l
ity
[Link]
eexcr
etedpr
imar
il
yinbi
l
e
[Link]
econt
rai
ndi
cat
edi
nli
verdi
sease
[Link]
bitzer
oor
derki
net
icsofel
i
minat
ion
[Link]
omer
ularf
il
tr
ati
onofadr
ugi
saf
fect
edbyi
ts:
[Link]
pidsol
ubi
l
ity [Link]
asmapr
otei
nbi
ndi
ng
[Link]
eeofi
oni
zat
ion [Link]
eoft
ubul
arsecr
eti
on
40.I
fadr
ugunder
goesnett
ubul
arsecr
eti
on,
itsr
enal
clear
ancewi
l
lbe:
[Link]
ethant
hegl
omer
ularf
il
tr
ati
onr
ate
[Link]
tot
hegl
omer
ularf
il
tr
ati
onr
ate
[Link]
hant
hegl
omer
ularf
il
tr
ati
onr
ate
[Link]
tot
her
ateofur
inef
ormat
ion
[Link]
asmahal
fli
feofpeni
cil
l
in-
Gisl
ongeri
nthenewbor
nbecauset
hei
r:
[Link]
asmapr
otei
nlev
eli
slow
[Link]
ugmet
abol
i
zingenzy
mesar
eimmat
ure
[Link]
omer
ularf
il
tr
ati
onr
atei
slow
[Link]
art
ranspor
tmechani
smsar
enotwel
ldev
eloped
42.I
fadr
ugi
sexcr
etedi
nur
ineatt
her
ateof10mg/
hratast
eady
-st
atepl
asma
concent
rat
ionof5mg/
L,t
heni
tsr
enal
clear
ancei
s:
A.0.
5L/
hr B.2.
0L/
hr C.5.
0L/
hr D.20L/
hr
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snotapr
imar
y/f
undament
al,
butader
ivedphar
macoki
net
ic
par
amet
er:
[Link]
oav
ail
abi
l
ity [Link]
umeofdi
str
ibut
ion
[Link]
ear
ance [Link]
asmahal
fli
fe
44.I
fadr
ugi
sel
i
minat
edbyf
ir
stor
derki
net
ics:
[Link]
antamountoft
hedr
ugwi
l
lbeel
i
minat
edperuni
tti
me
B.I
tscl
ear
ancev
aluewi
l
lremai
nconst
ant
C.I
tsel
i
minat
ionhal
fli
fewi
l
lincr
easewi
thdose
D.I
twi
l
lbecompl
etel
yel
i
minat
edf
rom t
hebodyi
n2×hal
fli
feper
iod
45.I
fadr
ughasaconst
antbi
oav
ail
abi
l
ityandf
ir
stor
derel
i
minat
ion,i
tsmai
ntenance
doser
atewi
l
lbedi
rect
lypr
opor
ti
onal
toi
ts:
[Link]
umeofdi
str
ibut
ion
[Link]
asmapr
otei
nbi
ndi
ng
[Link]
pidsol
ubi
l
ity
[Link]
albodycl
ear
ance
46.I
fthecl
ear
anceofadr
ugr
emai
nsconst
ant
,doubl
i
ngt
hedoser
atewi
l
lincr
easet
he
st
eady
-st
atepl
asmadr
ugconcent
rat
ionbyaf
act
orof
:
A.×3 B.×2 C.×1.
5 D.×1.
3
[Link]
hesamedoseofadr
ugi
srepeat
edathal
fli
fei
nter
val
s,t
hest
eady
-st
ate
(
plat
eau)pl
asmadr
ugconcent
rat
ioni
sreachedaf
ter
:
A.2–3hal
fli
ves B.4–5hal
fli
ves
C.6–7hal
fli
ves D.8–10hal
fli
ves
[Link]
oadi
ngdoseofadr
ugi
sgov
ernedbyi
ts:
[Link]
clear
ance [Link]
asmahal
fli
fe
[Link]
umeofdi
str
ibut
ion [Link]
i
minat
ionr
ateconst
ant
[Link]
tor
ingofbl
oodl
evel
sofdi
uret
icdr
ugsi
snotpr
act
isedbecause:
[Link]
ti
vemet
hodsf
ormeasur
ingbl
oodl
evel
sofdi
uret
icsar
eav
ail
abl
e
B.I
tiseasi
ert
omeasur
etheef
fectoft
hesedr
ugs
[Link]
odi
uret
icsi
snotr
elat
edt
othei
rbl
oodl
evel
s
[Link]
uret
icsneedact
ivat
ioni
nthebody
[Link]
tor
ingpl
asmadr
ugconcent
rat
ioni
susef
ulwhi
l
eusi
ng:
[Link]
ihy
per
tensi
vedr
ugs [Link]
odopa
[Link]
thi
um car
bonat
e [Link]
nhi
bit
ors
[Link]
ained/
cont
rol
l
edr
eleaseor
aldosagef
ormi
sappr
opr
iat
efort
hef
oll
owi
ngt
ype
ofdr
ug:
[Link]
iar
thr
it
icwi
thapl
asmahal
fli
feof24hr
[Link]
eepi
nduci
nghy
pnot
icwi
thapl
asmahal
fli
feof2hour
s
[Link]
ihy
per
tensi
vewi
thapl
asmahal
fli
feof3hour
s
[Link]
gesi
cwi
thapl
asmahal
fli
feof6hour
susedf
orr
eli
efofcasual
headache
[Link]
crosomal
enzy
mei
nduct
ionhasoneoft
hef
oll
owi
ngf
eat
ures:
[Link]
odev
elop
[Link]
tsi
nincr
easedaf
fi
nit
yoft
heenzy
mef
ort
hesubst
rat
e
C.I
tisi
rr
ever
sibl
e
[Link]
otr
eatacut
edr
ugpoi
soni
ngs
Uni
t3

[Link]
oll
owi
ngexpect
orantact
sbot
hdi
rect
lyont
heai
rwaymucosaaswel
las
r
efl
exl
y:
[Link]
assi
um i
odi
de [Link]
phenesi
n
[Link]
pin [Link]
omhexi
ne
[Link]
omhexi
neact
sby
:
A.I
nhi
bit
ingcoughcent
re
B.I
rr
it
ati
nggast
ri
cmucosaandr
efl
exl
yincr
easi
ngbr
onchi
alsecr
eti
on
[Link]
ymer
izi
ngmucopol
ysacchar
idespr
esenti
nsput
um.
[Link]
ti
zi
ngst
ret
chr
ecept
orsi
nthel
ungs
[Link]
nei
susedcl
i
nical
l
yas:
[Link]
gesi
c [Link]
it
ussi
ve
[Link]
idi
arr
hoeal [Link]
loft
heabov
e
[Link]
net
ici
sadr
ugwhi
ch:
[Link]
rwaymucussecr
eti
on B.I
ncr
easesai
rwaymucus
secr
eti
on
[Link]
espi
rat
orysecr
eti
onsmor
ewat
ery [Link]
imul
atesmucoci
l
iar
yact
ivi
tyof
br
onchi
alepi
thel
i
um
[Link]
it
ussi
vesactby
:
[Link]
qui
fyi
ngbr
onchi
alsecr
eti
ons [Link]
singt
het
hreshol
dofcoughcent
re
[Link]
ngcoughi
nduci
ngi
mpul
sesf
rom t
hel
[Link]
h‘B’
and‘
C’ar
ecor
rect
[Link]
romet
hor
phani
san:
[Link]
gesi
c [Link]
it
ussi
ve
[Link]
orant [Link]
ihi
stami
nic
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snotanant
it
ussi
ve:
[Link]
adi
n [Link]
ophedi
anol
[Link]
ropr
opoxy
phene [Link]
romet
hor
phan
[Link]
oll
owi
ngant
it
ussi
vei
spr
esenti
nopi
um buthasnoanal
gesi
coraddi
cti
ng
pr
oper
ti
es:
[Link]
ne [Link]
ne
[Link]
codei
ne [Link]
hyl
mor
phi
ne
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
ngr
edi
ent
shasnei
therspeci
fi
cant
it
ussi
venorexpect
orant
nor br
onchodi
l
ator act
ion,but i
s commonl
y pr
esent i
n pr
opr
iet
ary cough
f
ormul
ati
ons:
[Link]
oxol [Link]
orpheni
rami
ne
[Link]
phenesi
n [Link]
ne
10.
Bronchodi
l
ator
sar
eusef
uli
ncough:
[Link]
ywhencoughi
snonpr
oduct
ive
[Link]
ywhencoughi
sassoci
atedwi
tht
hickst
ickysecr
eti
ons
[Link]
ywhenr
efl
exbr
onchoconst
ri
cti
oni
sassoci
ated
D.I
rr
espect
iveofnat
ureofcoughorassoci
atedf
eat
ures
11.
Thef
oll
owi
ngant
iast
hmadr
ugi
snotabr
onchodi
l
ator
:
A.I
prat
ropi
um br
omi
de [Link]
ll
ine
[Link]
mot
erol [Link]
um cr
omogl
ycat
e
12.
Themostpr
omi
nentanddoser
elat
edsi
deef
fectofsal
but
amol
is:
[Link]
sei
nbl
oodpr
essur
e [Link]
etr
emor
[Link]
per
gly
caemi
a [Link]
ral
ner
voussy
stem st
imul
ati
on
13.
Thef
oll
owi
ngcl
ass(
es)ofdr
ugsar
ecl
i
nical
l
ybenef
ici
ali
nbr
onchi
alast
hma:
[Link]
stami
neH1r
ecept
orant
agoni
sts
[Link]
atel
etact
ivat
ingf
act
or(
PAF)ant
agoni
sts
[Link]
ri
ene(
cysLT1)r
ecept
orant
agoni
sts
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
14.
Sel
ectt
hef
ast
estact
ingi
nhal
edbr
onchodi
l
ator
:
A.I
prat
ropi
um br
omi
de [Link]
mot
erol
[Link]
but
amol [Link]
met
erol
15.
Inapat
ientofbr
onchi
alast
hma,
inhal
edsal
but
amol
producest
hef
oll
owi
ngef
fect
(s)
:
A.I
nhi
bit
sant
igen-
ant
ibodyr
eact
ioni
nthel
ungs
[Link]
onchodi
l
atat
ion
[Link]
onchi
alhy
per
react
ivi
ty
[Link]
h‘B’
and‘
C’ar
ecor
rect
16.
Inhal
edsal
but
amol
isusef
uli
nbr
onchi
alast
hmaf
or:
[Link]
ti
ng/
ter
minat
ingast
hmaat
tacks [Link]
hecl
ockpr
ophy
laxi
sof
 ast
[Link]
atusast
hmat
icus [Link]
loft
heabov
e
17.
Sel
ectt
hecor
rectst
atementaboutsal
met
erol
:
A.I
tisal
ongact
ingsel
ect
iveβ2agoni
stbr
onchodi
l
ator
B.I
tisabr
onchodi
l
atorwi
thant
i-
inf
lammat
orypr
oper
ty
C.I
tisa bl
ockert
hatcanbesaf
elygi
vent
oast
hmat
ics
D.I
tisanant
ihi
stami
nicwi
thmastcel
lst
abi
l
izi
ngpr
oper
ty
18.
Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngβ2agoni
stbr
onchodi
l
ator
sisgi
venbyi
nhal
ati
on,andi
s
sui
tabl
eforbot
hter
minat
ingast
hmaat
tacksaswel
lasf
ort
wicedai
l
ypr
ophy
laxi
s:
[Link]
but
ali
ne [Link]
erol
[Link]
met
erol [Link]
mot
erol
19.
Caf
fei
nei
smor
epower
ful
thant
heophy
ll
inei
nexer
ti
ngt
hef
oll
owi
ngact
ion:
[Link]
onchodi
l
atat
ion [Link]
diacst
imul
ati
on
[Link]
uresi
s [Link]
ati
onofskel
etalmuscl
cont
ract
il
it
y
20.
Thef
oll
owi
ngv
ascul
arbedi
sconst
ri
ctedbycaf
fei
ne:
[Link]
onar
y [Link]
aneous
[Link]
ani
al [Link]
eri
c
21.
Met
hyl
xant
hinesexer
tthef
oll
owi
ngact
ion(
s)atcel
l
ular
/mol
ecul
arl
evel
:
A.I
ntr
acel
l
ularr
eleaseofCa2+ [Link]
agoni
sm ofadenosi
ne
C.I
nhi
bit
ionofphosphodi
est
erase [Link]
loft
heabov
e
22.
Chooset
hecor
rectst
atementaboutt
heophy
ll
ine:
A.I
tsusei
nast
hmahasdecl
i
nedbecauseofnar
rowsaf
etymar
gin
B.I
tsdoseneedst
ober
educedi
nsmoker
s
C.I
tact
sbyi
ncr
easi
ngt
hef
ormat
ionofcAMP
D.I
tspl
asmahal
fl
if
eisl
ongeri
nchi
l
drencompar
edt
othati
nadul
ts
23.
Chooset
hecor
rectst
atementaboutbambut
erol
:
A.I
tisanor
all
yact
ingbr
onchodi
l
ator
B.I
tisapr
odr
ug
C.I
tinhi
bit
stheenzy
mepseudochol
i
nest
erase
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
24.
Rel
ati
vel
yhi
gherdose oft
heophy
ll
ine i
srequi
red t
o at
tai
nther
apeut
ic pl
asma
 concent
rat
ioni
n:
[Link]
s
[Link]
ivehear
tfai
l
urepat
ient
s
[Link]
ecei
vi
nger
ythr
omy
cin
[Link]
ecei
vi
ngci
met
idi
ne
25.
Themi
nimal
alv
eol
arconcent
rat
ionofani
nhal
ati
onal
anaest
het
ici
sameasur
eofi
ts:
[Link]
ency
[Link]
apeut
ici
ndex
[Link]
ff
usi
bil
i
ty
[Link]
l
:wat
erpar
ti
ti
oncoef
fi
cient
26.
Thepr
imar
ymechani
sm bywhi
chgener
alanaest
het
icspr
oducet
hei
ract
ioni
s:
[Link]
fect
ingr
ecept
oroper
atedi
onchannel
sincer
ebr
alneur
ones
[Link]
ocki
ngv
olt
agesensi
ti
veNa+channel
sinneur
onal
membr
ane
[Link]
essi
ngmet
abol
i
cact
ivi
tyofcer
ebr
alneur
ones
[Link]
ocki
ngpr
oduct
ionofhi
ghener
gyphosphat
esi
nthebr
ain
27.
Gener
alanaest
het
icspr
oducei
mmobi
l
ityi
nresponset
opai
nfulsur
gicalst
imul
iby
act
ingpr
imar
il
yatt
he:
[Link]
orcor
tex
[Link]
gangl
i
a
[Link]
amus
[Link]
nal
cor
d

28.
Whi
chgener
alanaest
het
icsel
ect
ivel
yinhi
bit
sexci
tat
oryNMDAr
ecept
ors:
[Link]
opent
one
[Link]
othane
[Link]
lur
ane
[Link]
ami
ne
29.
Ifapat
ientbei
nganaest
het
isedwi
thet
heri
sunconsci
ous,hasr
egul
arr
espi
rat
ion,
bl
oodpr
essur
eandhear
trat
ear
enor
mal
,cor
nealr
efl
exi
spr
esentandey
ebal
l
sar
e
r
ovi
ng,
thepat
ienti
sin:
[Link]
ageI
I [Link]
ageI
IIpl
ane1
[Link]
ageI
IIpl
ane2 [Link]
ageI
IIpl
ane3
30.
No sur
gicaloper
ati
on shoul
d be per
for
med dur
ing t
he f
oll
owi
ng st
age of
anaest
hesi
a:
[Link]
ageI [Link]
ageI
I
[Link]
ageI
II
,pl
ane1 [Link]
ageI
II
,pl
ane3
31.
Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sasi
gnofdeepanaest
hesi
a:
[Link]
anceoft
ear
siney
es
[Link]
stancet
opassi
vei
nfl
ati
onofl
ungs
[Link]
li
nbl
oodpr
essur
e
[Link]
ientmakesswal
l
owi
ngmov
ement
s
32.
Thef
oll
owi
ngf
act
ordel
aysi
nduct
ionwi
thani
nhal
edgener
alanaest
het
ic:
[Link]
veol
arper
fusi
on-
vent
il
ati
onmi
smat
ch
[Link]
per
vent
il
ati
on
[Link]
ood:
gaspar
ti
ti
oncoef
fi
cientoft
heanaest
het
ic
D.I
ncl
usi
onof5%car
bondi
oxi
dei
nthei
nhal
edgasmi
xtur
e
33.
‘Second gasef
fect
’isexer
ted byt
hef
oll
owi
ng gaswhen coadmi
nist
ered wi
th
hal
othane:
[Link]
tr
ousoxi
de [Link]
clopr
opane
[Link]
tr
ogen [Link]
i
um
34.
'Di
ff
usi
onhy
poxi
a’i
sli
kel
ytooccuronl
yaf
teruseofni
tr
ousoxi
debecausei
t:
A.I
sar
espi
rat
orydepr
essant
[Link]
owbl
oodsol
ubi
l
ityandi
susedi
nhi
ghconcent
rat
ion
C.I
sav
erypot
entanaest
het
ic
D.I
nter
fer
eswi
thdi
ff
usi
onofoxy
geni
ntot
het
issues
35.
Sel
ectt
hei
nhal
ati
onalgener
alanaest
het
icwhi
chi
smet
abol
i
zedi
nthebodyt
oa
si
gni
fi
cantext
ent
:
[Link]
ofl
urane B.I
sof
lur
ane
[Link]
her [Link]
othane
36.
Thef
oll
owi
nganaest
het
iccanbeusedbyt
heopendr
opmet
hod:
[Link]
her [Link]
lur
ane
[Link]
othane D.I
sof
lur
ane
37.
Thef
oll
owi
nggener
alanaest
het
ichaspoormuscl
erel
axantact
ion:
[Link]
her [Link]
tr
ousoxi
de [Link]
othane D.I
sof
lur
ane
38.
Sel
ectt
hecor
rectst
atementaboutni
tr
ousox
ide:
A.I
tir
ri
tat
est
her
espi
rat
orymucosa B.I
thaspooranal
gesi
cact
ion
C.I
tispr
imar
il
yusedasacar
ri
erandadj
uvantt
oot
heranaest
het
ics
D.I
tfr
equent
lyi
nducespostanaest
het
icnauseaandr
etchi
ng
39.
Etheri
sst
il
lusedasagener
alanaest
het
ici
nIndi
a,speci
all
yinper
ipher
alhospi
tal
s
because:
A.I
tisnonexpl
osi
ve
B.I
tispl
easantsmel
l
ingandnoni
rr
it
ati
ng
C.I
tinducesanaest
hesi
arapi
dly
D.I
tischeapandcanbeadmi
nist
eredwi
thoutanaest
het
icmachi
ne
40.
Asagener
alanaest
het
ic,
hal
othanehast
hef
oll
owi
ngadv
ant
agesexcept
:
[Link]
ygoodanal
gesi
cact
ion
[Link]
nfl
ammabl
eandnonexpl
osi
ve
[Link]
yrapi
dinduct
ionofanaest
hesi
a
[Link]
easantandnoni
rr
it
ati
ng(
p.339-
340)
41.
Thegener
alanaest
het
ichav
ingsi
gni
fi
cantcar
diodepr
essantpr
oper
tyi
s:
[Link]
othane [Link]
lur
ane [Link]
her [Link]
tr
ousoxi
de
42.
Sel
ectt
hegener
alanaest
het
ichav
ingt
hemostmar
kedut
eri
ner
elaxantact
ion:
[Link]
opof
ol [Link]
othane [Link]
tr
ousoxi
de [Link]
her
43.
Mal
i
gnanthy
per
ther
miai
sar
arecompl
i
cat
ionofuseoft
hef
oll
owi
nganaest
het
ic:
[Link]
ami
ne [Link]
opent
onesodi
um [Link]
othane [Link]
her
44.
Sel
ectt
hegener
alanaest
het
ict
hati
spar
ti
cul
arl
ysui
tabl
eforout
pat
ientsur
ger
y
because of qui
ck r
ecov
ery and shor
t-
li
ved post
-anaest
het
ic psy
chomot
or
i
mpai
rment
:
[Link]
her [Link]
othane [Link]
lur
ane [Link]
lur
ane
45.
Thef
oll
owi
ngi
str
ueofsev
ofl
uraneexcept
:
A.I
tinducesanaest
hesi
arapi
dly
B.I
tisnonpungent
C.I
tpr
oducespr
olongedpost
anaest
het
icpsy
chomot
ori
mpai
rment
D.I
tisl
esspot
entt
hanhal
othane
46.
Thedr
ug/
drugsusedmai
nlyf
ori
nduct
ionofgener
alanaest
hesi
ais/
are:
[Link]
opent
onesodi
um [Link]
any
l+dr
oper
idol
[Link]
ami
ne [Link]
loft
heabov
e
47.
Resi
dual
CNSdepr
essi
oni
sleastmar
kedaf
tert
heuseoft
hef
oll
owi
nganaest
het
ic:
[Link]
azepam [Link]
opent
onesodi
um
[Link]
azepam [Link]
opof
ol
48.
Theanaest
het
icact
ionoft
hiopent
onesodi
um i
schar
act
eri
sedby
:
[Link]
erel
axat
ion [Link]
gesi
a
[Link]
ti
zat
ionofhear
ttoadr
enal
i
ne [Link]
oper
ati
ver
esi
dualCNS
depr
essi
on
49.
Induct
ionofanaest
hesi
awi
thpr
opof
oli
sof
tenat
tendedby
:
[Link]
ansi
entapnoea [Link]
pshor
tlast
ingf
all
inbl
oodpr
essur
e
[Link]
nint
hei
nject
edv
ein [Link]
loft
heabov
e
50.
‘Di
ssoci
ati
veanaest
hesi
a’i
spr
oducedby
:
[Link]
ami
ne [Link]
any
l [Link]
opof
ol [Link]
h‘A’
and‘
B’
51.
Ket
ami
nei
sthepr
efer
redanaest
het
icf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ngexcept
:
[Link]
per
tensi
ves [Link]
aumacaseswhohav
ebl
edsi
gni
fi
cant
ly
[Link]
ndr
essi
ng [Link]
toper
ati
onsonast
hmat
ics
52.
Sel
ectt
heanaest
het
ict
hati
ncr
easescar
diacout
putandbl
oodpr
essur
e:
[Link]
othane [Link]
any
l [Link]
ami
ne [Link]
azepam
53.
Int
rav
enousf
ent
any
lisusedi
nbal
ancedanaest
hesi
atoaf
for
d:
[Link]
axat
ionofchestmuscl
es [Link]
gesi
a
[Link]
ousness [Link]
essi
onofgast
ri
caci
dsecr
eti
on
54.
Useofmor
phi
nei
npr
eanaest
het
icmedi
cat
ion:
A.I
srout
ineexcepti
nthepr
esenceofcont
rai
ndi
cat
ions
B.I
srest
ri
ctedt
opat
ient
sbei
nganaest
het
izedwi
thet
her
[Link]
dbemadeonl
yincombi
nat
ionwi
that
ropi
ne
D.I
srest
ri
ctedmost
lyt
opat
ient
sinpai
npr
eoper
ati
vel
y
55.
Useofgl
ycopy
rrol
atei
npr
eanaest
het
icmedi
cat
ionser
vest
hef
oll
owi
ngpur
poses
except
:
[Link]
event
srespi
rat
orysecr
eti
onsdur
inganaest
hesi
a
[Link]
dsagai
nstr
efl
exv
agal
brady
car
diadur
ingsur
ger
y
[Link]
oducesamnesi
aforper
ioper
ati
veev
ent
s
[Link]
hepr
obabi
l
ityofoccur
renceofl
ary
ngospasm
56.
Thef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugi
srout
inel
yusedi
npr
eanaest
het
icmedi
cat
ionf
orpr
olonged
oper
ati
ons:
[Link]
ropi
ne [Link]
phi
ne [Link]
omet
hazi
ne [Link]
ti
dine
57.
Thef
oll
owi
ngi
str
ueaboutact
ionsofet
hyl
alcohol
:
A.I
texer
tsant
iconv
ulsantact
ionf
oll
owedbyl
ower
ingofsei
zur
ethr
eshol
d
B.I
tlower
spai
nthr
eshol
d
C.I
tincr
easesconf
idenceandr
educesnumberofer
ror
s
D.I
tincr
easesheatpr
oduct
ionandhel
pst
okeepwar
mincol
dweat
her
58.
Eff
ectofal
cohol
onsl
eephast
hef
oll
owi
ngf
eat
ure:
A.I
tisadependabl
ehy
pnot
icbuti
snotpr
escr
ibedbecauseofabusepot
ent
ial
B.I
tconsi
stent
lyi
mpr
ovest
hequal
i
tyofsl
eep
C.I
tcandi
sor
gani
sesl
eepar
chi
tect
ure
D.I
tsuppr
essessl
eepapnoea
59.
Pat
ient
str
eat
ed wi
tht
he f
oll
owi
ng dr
ug shoul
d be caut
ioned nott
o consume
al
cohol
i
cbev
erages:
[Link]
e [Link]
roni
dazol
e [Link]
himazol
e [Link]
ami
zol
60.
Regul
arl
ow-
to-
moder
ateal
cohol
consumpt
ioni
sassoci
atedwi
th:
[Link]
nci
denceofcor
onar
yar
ter
ydi
sease
[Link]
ocar
dial
depr
essi
on
[Link]
sical
dependence
[Link]
nicke'
sencephal
opat
hy
61.
Benzodi
azepi
nesr
educeanxi
etybyact
ingonwhi
chneur
otr
ansmi
tt
er?
a. GABA
[Link]
tral
i
ne
[Link]
adr
enal
i
ne
[Link]
ne
62.
Sel
ect
ive ser
otoni
n r
eupt
ake i
nhi
bit
ors (
SSRI
s) bel
ong t
o whi
ch gr
oup of
 psy
chot
ropi
cdr
ugs?
[Link]
oly
tics
[Link]-
stabi
l
iser
s
[Link]
ipsy
chot
ics
[Link]
idepr
essant
s
63.
Schi
zophr
eni
acanpr
esentwi
thposi
ti
veandnegat
ivesy
mpt
[Link]
cat
ion
woul
dyouut
il
iset
otr
eatt
hese?
[Link]
idepr
essant
[Link]
adi
ti
onal
ant
ipsy
chot
ic
[Link]
ipar
kinsoni
an
[Link]
ypi
cal
ant
ipsy
chot
ic
64.
Theacut
ephaset
reat
mentgoal
forpsy
chophar
macol
ogi
cal
int
erv
ent
ioni
sto:
a.i
ncr
easet
hel
i
kel
i
hoodofhar
mtocl
i
ent
s
b.r
educet
hel
i
kel
i
hoodofhar
mforcl
i
ent
s
[Link]
torf
orsi
deef
fect
s
d. Noneoft
heabov
e
65.
Thephar
macody
nami
csofant
ipsy
chot
icdr
ugsr
elat
etot
he:
[Link]
deef
fect
s
[Link]
chol
ogi
cal
impl
i
cat
ionsoft
hedr
ug
[Link]
siol
ogi
cal
eff
ect
soft
hedr
ugont
hebody
d. absor
pti
onoft
hedr
ug
66.
Psy
chot
icf
eat
uresi
ncl
ude:
[Link]
ti
vesy
mpt
oms:
adi
stor
ti
onorexagger
ati
onofnor
mal
funct
ioni
ng
[Link]
ivesy
mpt
oms:t
heser
elat
etoar
est
ri
ctedr
angeand/
ori
ntensi
tyofemot
ional
expr
essi
on (
speech,f
luencyorpr
oduct
ivi
tyoft
houghtordecr
eased goal
-di
rect
ed
behav
iour(
alogi
a))
[Link]
[Link]
heabov
e
67.
Cont
rai
ndi
cat
ionst
oli
thi
um admi
nist
rat
ioni
ncl
ude:
[Link]
nist
rat
ioni
ncombi
nat
ionwi
thchl
orpr
omazi
ne
[Link]
esenceofr
enal
disease

[Link]
renceoft
hesy
mpt
omsofschi
zophr
eni
a

[Link]
esenceofdepr
essi
on

[Link]
nist
rat
ioni
ncombi
nat
ionwi
thi
mipr
ami
ne.

68.
The mostcommon car
diac abnor
mal
i
tyassoci
ated wi
th use ofl
i
thi
um i
n 1st
t
ri
mest
erofpr
egnancy
:
[Link]’
ssy
ndr
ome

[Link]
ein’
sanomal
yoft
ri
cuspi
dval
ve

[Link]

[Link]
ctat
ionofaor
ta

69.
A psy
chi
atr
ic pat
ienton t
ri
cycl
i
c ant
idepr
essant
s pr
esent
s wi
th br
ady
car
dia,
hy
pot
ensi
on,decr
easedsweat
ing,andr
etent
ionofur
[Link]
i
kel
ydr
ugused
i
s:
[Link]
tr
ypt
il
li
ne

[Link]
uoxet
ine

[Link]
egi
l
ine

[Link]
thi
um

70.
Long-
ter
mther
apyofl
i
thi
um causes:
[Link]
ropeni
a

[Link]
pot
hyr
oidi
sm

[Link]
otoxi
ci
ty
[Link]
rowdepr
essi
on

Long-
ter
mli
thi
um usecausesr
enal
side-
eff
ect
sal
so.

71.
All
oft
hef
oll
owi
ngar
esel
ect
iveser
otoni
n(5HT)r
eupt
akei
nhi
bit
ors,
except
:
[Link]
uvoxami
ne

[Link]
uoxet
ine

[Link]
oxet
ine

[Link]
anzapi
ne

72.
Thel
eastext
rapy
rami
dal
eff
ecti
sseenwi
th:
[Link]
oper
idol

[Link]
ori
dazi
ne

[Link]
ozapi
ne

[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne

73.
Themostusef
uldr
ugi
nenur
esi
sis:
[Link]
oper
idol

[Link]
azepam

C.I
mipr
ami
ne

[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne

74.
Lit
hium i
str
eat
mentofchoi
cef
or:
[Link]
pol
arMDPpr
ophy
laxi
s

[Link]
pol
arMDP
[Link]
zophr
eni
a

[Link]
emani
a

75.
All
thef
oll
owi
ngar
eanxi
oly
ticexcept
:
[Link]
uoxet
ine

[Link]
rone

[Link]
azepam

[Link]
tr
azepam

76.
Thel
eastaf
fect
edor
gani
nli
thi
um t
oxi
cit
yis:
[Link]
ver

[Link]
t

[Link]
dney

[Link]
ain

77.
Lit
hium i
susedt
otr
eat
:
[Link]
ster
ia

[Link]
a

[Link]
sor
der
s

[Link]
eor
gani
cbr
ainsy
ndr
ome

78.
Lit
hium i
susedi
n:
[Link]
emani
a

[Link]
essi
on
[Link]
per
kinet
icdi
sor
der

[Link]
loft
heabov
e.

79.
All
oft
hef
oll
owi
ngar
eant
idepr
essant
s,except
:
A.I
mipr
ami
ne

[Link]
tr
ypt
il
li
ne

[Link]
sper
idone

[Link]
tal
opr
am

80.
Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngdr
ughast
hemi
nimum ext
rapy
¬rami
dal
sideef
fect
?
[Link]
ozapi
ne

[Link]
ocl
opr
ami
de

[Link]
pine

[Link]
if
luper
azi
ne

81.
Inf
luoxet
ineandi
mipr
ami
ne,
themai
ndi
ff
erencei
sin:
–
[Link]
deef
fect
s

[Link]
ion

[Link]
fectofOCD

[Link]
ati
onofact
ion

82.
Indr
ugi
nducedpar
kinsoni
sm,
benzhexol
hasgotnor
olei
n:
[Link]
alor
rhea

[Link]
emor
[Link]
hisi
a

[Link]
gidi
ty

83.
Newernonsedat
ive,
nonhy
pnot
icanxi
oly
tici
s:
[Link]
prazol
am

[Link]
rone

[Link]
azepam

[Link]
azepam

84.
Sideef
fectofchl
orpr
omazi
nef
orwhi
chant
ichol
i
ner
gici
sused:
[Link]
urr
edv
isi
on

[Link]
ogy
riccr
ises

[Link]
pot
ensi
on

[Link]
ymout
h

85.
Thedr
ugofchoi
cef
orobsessi
ve-
compul
siv
edi
sor
deri
s:
[Link]
oper
idol

[Link]
omi
prami
ne

[Link]
tr
ypt
il
li
ne

[Link]
azepam

86.
Sideef
fectofcl
ozapi
nei
s:
[Link]
thi
noneweek–neut
ropeni
a

[Link]
-ve,
D2+v
e
[Link]
anul
ocy
tosi
s

[Link]
tement

87.
Feat
ureofakat
hisi
ais:
[Link]
rigi
dit
y

[Link]
ogy
riccr
isi
s

[Link]
lessness

[Link]
iodi
cmov
ement
s

88.
Akat
hisi
aist
reat
edby
:
[Link]
oper
idol

[Link]
uoxet
ine

[Link]
opr
anol
ol

[Link]
thi
um

89.
Imi
prami
nei
smai
nlyusedasa:
[Link]
ive

[Link]
anqui
l
izer

[Link]
idepr
essant

[Link]
loft
heabov
e

90.
Par
oxet
inei
sa:

[Link]
ipsy
chot
icdr
ug

[Link]
nopi
atepoi
soni
ng
[Link]
icy
cli
cant
idepr
essant

[Link]
ect
iveser
otoni
nreupt
akei
nhi
bit
or

91.
Clozapi
nei
sa:
[Link]
ypi
cal
ant
ipsy
chot
ic

[Link]
i-
anxi
etydr
ug

[Link]
ndement
ia

[Link]
soknownasdi
sul
fi
ram

92.
Lit
hium i
susedi
npsy
chi
atr
ytot
reat
:
[Link]
ster
ia

[Link]
a

[Link]
sor
der
s

[Link]
eor
gani
cbr
ainsy
ndr
omeI
ndi
cat
ionsofl
i
thi
um i
npsy
chi
atr
y:

93.
Car
bamazepi
nei
susedi
nal
lthef
oll
owi
ngexcept
:
[Link]
a

[Link]
cohol
wit
hdr
awal

[Link]
zophr
eni
a

[Link]
igemi
nal
neur
algi
a

94.
Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snotanant
idepr
essant
?
[Link]
azodone

[Link]
tr
ipt
yli
ne
[Link]
uoxet
ine

[Link]
mozi
de

[Link]
nimal
alv
eol
arconcent
rat
ionofani
nhal
ati
onal
anaest
het
ici
sameasur
eofi
ts:
[Link]
ency
[Link]
apeut
ici
ndex
[Link]
ff
usi
bil
i
ty
[Link]
l
:wat
erpar
ti
ti
oncoef
fi
cient
[Link]
imar
ymechani
sm bywhi
chgener
alanaest
het
icspr
oducet
hei
ract
ioni
s:
[Link]
fect
ingr
ecept
oroper
atedi
onchannel
sincer
ebr
alneur
ones
[Link]
ocki
ngv
olt
agesensi
ti
veNa+channel
sinneur
onal
membr
ane
[Link]
essi
ngmet
abol
i
cact
ivi
tyofcer
ebr
alneur
ones
[Link]
ocki
ngpr
oduct
ionofhi
ghener
gyphosphat
esi
nthebr
ain
[Link]
alanaest
het
icspr
oducei
mmobi
l
ityi
nresponset
opai
nful
sur
gical
sti
mul
ibyact
ing
pr
imar
il
yatt
he:
[Link]
orcor
tex
[Link]
gangl
i
a
[Link]
amus
[Link]
nal
cor
d
[Link]
chgener
alanaest
het
icsel
ect
ivel
yinhi
bit
sexci
tat
oryNMDAr
ecept
ors:
[Link]
opent
one
[Link]
othane
[Link]
lur
ane
[Link]
ami
ne
[Link]
gical
oper
ati
onshoul
dbeper
for
meddur
ingt
hef
oll
owi
ngst
ageofanaest
hesi
a:
[Link]
ageI
[Link]
ageI
I
[Link]
ageI
II
,pl
ane1
[Link]
ageI
II
,pl
ane3
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sasi
gnofdeepanaest
hesi
a:
[Link]
anceoft
ear
siney
es
[Link]
stancet
opassi
vei
nfl
ati
onofl
ungs
[Link]
li
nbl
oodpr
essur
e
[Link]
ientmakesswal
l
owi
ngmov
ement
s
[Link]
oll
owi
ngf
act
ordel
aysi
nduct
ionwi
thani
nhal
edgener
alanaest
het
ic:
[Link]
veol
arper
fusi
on-
vent
il
ati
onmi
smat
ch
[Link]
per
vent
il
ati
on
[Link]
ood:
gaspar
ti
ti
oncoef
fi
cientoft
heanaest
het
ic
D.I
ncl
usi
onof5%car
bondi
oxi
dei
nthei
nhal
edgasmi
xtur
e
8.‘
Secondgasef
fect
’isexer
tedbyt
hef
oll
owi
nggaswhencoadmi
nist
eredwi
thhal
othane:
[Link]
tr
ousoxi
de
[Link]
clopr
opane
[Link]
tr
ogen
[Link]
i
um
9.'
Dif
fusi
onhy
poxi
a’i
sli
kel
ytooccuronl
yaf
teruseofni
tr
ousoxi
debecausei
t:
A.I
sar
espi
rat
orydepr
essant
[Link]
owbl
oodsol
ubi
l
ityandi
susedi
nhi
ghconcent
rat
ion
C.I
sav
erypot
entanaest
het
ic
D.I
nter
fer
eswi
thdi
ff
usi
onofoxy
geni
ntot
het
issues
[Link]
ectt
hei
nhal
ati
onal
gener
alanaest
het
icwhi
chi
smet
abol
i
zedi
nthebodyt
oasi
gni
fi
cant
ext
ent
:
[Link]
ofl
urane
B.I
sof
lur
ane
[Link]
her
[Link]
othane
[Link]
oll
owi
nganaest
het
iccanbeusedbyt
heopendr
opmet
hod:
[Link]
her
[Link]
lur
ane
[Link]
othane
D.I
sof
lur
ane
[Link]
oll
owi
nggener
alanaest
het
ichaspoormuscl
erel
axantact
ion:
[Link]
her
[Link]
tr
ousoxi
de
[Link]
othane
D.I
sof
lur
ane
[Link]
ectt
hecor
rectst
atementaboutni
tr
ousoxi
de:
A.I
tir
ri
tat
est
her
espi
rat
orymucosa
B.I
thaspooranal
gesi
cact
ion
C.I
tispr
imar
il
yusedasacar
ri
erandadj
uvantt
oot
heranaest
het
ics
D.I
tfr
equent
lyi
nducespostanaest
het
icnauseaandr
etchi
ng
[Link]
heri
sst
il
lusedasagener
alanaest
het
ici
nIndi
a,speci
all
yinper
ipher
alhospi
tal
sbecause:
A.I
tisnonexpl
osi
ve
B.I
tispl
easantsmel
l
ingandnoni
rr
it
ati
ng
C.I
tinducesanaest
hesi
arapi
dly
D.I
tischeapandcanbeadmi
nist
eredwi
thoutanaest
het
icmachi
ne
[Link]
alanaest
het
ic,
hal
othanehast
hef
oll
owi
ngadv
ant
agesexcept
:
[Link]
ygoodanal
gesi
cact
ion
[Link]
nfl
ammabl
eandnonexpl
osi
ve
[Link]
yrapi
dinduct
ionofanaest
hesi
a
[Link]
easantandnoni
rr
it
ati
ng
[Link]
alanaest
het
ichav
ingsi
gni
fi
cantcar
diodepr
essantpr
oper
tyi
s:
[Link]
othane
[Link]
lur
ane
[Link]
her
[Link]
tr
ousoxi
de
[Link]
ectt
hegener
alanaest
het
ichav
ingt
hemostmar
kedut
eri
ner
elaxantact
ion:
[Link]
opof
ol
[Link]
othane
[Link]
tr
ousoxi
de
[Link]
her
[Link]
i
gnanthy
per
ther
miai
sar
arecompl
i
cat
ionofuseoft
hef
oll
owi
nganaest
het
ic:
[Link]
ami
ne
[Link]
opent
onesodi
um
[Link]
othane
[Link]
her
[Link]
ectt
hegener
alanaest
het
ict
hati
spar
ti
cul
arl
ysui
tabl
eforout
pat
ientsur
ger
ybecauseof
qui
ckr
ecov
eryandshor
t-
li
vedpost
-anaest
het
icpsy
chomot
ori
mpai
rment
:
[Link]
her
[Link]
othane
[Link]
lur
ane
[Link]
lur
ane
[Link]
oll
owi
ngi
str
ueofsev
ofl
uraneex
cept
:
A.I
tinducesanaest
hesi
arapi
dly
B.I
tisnonpungent
C.I
tpr
oducespr
olongedpost
anaest
het
icpsy
chomot
ori
mpai
rment
D.I
tisl
esspot
entt
hanhal
othane
[Link]
ug/
drugsusedmai
nlyf
ori
nduct
ionofgener
alanaest
hesi
ais/
are:
[Link]
opent
onesodi
um
[Link]
any
l+dr
oper
idol
[Link]
ami
ne
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
[Link]
het
icact
ionoft
hiopent
onesodi
um i
schar
act
eri
sedby
:
[Link]
erel
axat
ion
[Link]
gesi
a
[Link]
ti
zat
ionofhear
ttoadr
enal
i
ne
[Link]
oper
ati
ver
esi
dual
CNSdepr
essi
on
23.‘
Dissoci
ati
veanaest
hesi
a’i
spr
oducedby
:
[Link]
ami
ne
[Link]
any
l
[Link]
opof
ol
[Link]
h‘A’
and‘
B’ar
ecor
rect
[Link]
ami
nei
sthepr
efer
redanaest
het
icf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ngexcept
:
[Link]
per
tensi
ves
[Link]
aumacaseswhohav
ebl
edsi
gni
fi
cant
ly
[Link]
ndr
essi
ng
[Link]
toper
ati
onsonast
hmat
ics
[Link]
ectt
heanaest
het
ict
hati
ncr
easescar
diacout
putandbl
oodpr
essur
e:
[Link]
othane
[Link]
any
l
[Link]
ami
ne
[Link]
azepam
26.I
ntr
avenousf
ent
any
lisusedi
nbal
ancedanaest
hesi
atoaf
for
d:
[Link]
axat
ionofchestmuscl
es
[Link]
gesi
a
[Link]
ousness
[Link]
essi
onofgast
ri
caci
dsecr
eti
on
[Link]
phi
nei
npr
eanaest
het
icmedi
cat
ion:
A.I
srout
ineexcepti
nthepr
esenceofcont
rai
ndi
cat
ions
B.I
srest
ri
ctedt
opat
ient
sbei
nganaest
het
izedwi
thet
her
[Link]
dbemadeonl
yincombi
nat
ionwi
that
ropi
ne
D.I
srest
ri
ctedmost
lyt
opat
ient
sinpai
npr
eoper
ati
vel
y
[Link]
oll
owi
ngdr
ugi
srout
inel
yusedi
npr
eanaest
het
icmedi
cat
ionf
orpr
olongedoper
ati
ons:
[Link]
ropi
ne
[Link]
phi
ne
[Link]
omet
hazi
ne
[Link]
ti
dine
[Link]
oll
owi
ngi
str
ueaboutact
ionsofet
hyl
alcohol
:
A.I
texer
tsant
iconv
ulsantact
ionf
oll
owedbyl
ower
ingofsei
zur
ethr
eshol
d
B.I
tlower
spai
nthr
eshol
d
C.I
tincr
easesconf
idenceandr
educesnumberofer
ror
s
D.I
tincr
easesheatpr
oduct
ionandhel
pst
okeepwar
mincol
dweat
her
[Link]
fectofal
cohol
onsl
eephast
hef
oll
owi
ngf
eat
ure:
A.I
tisadependabl
ehy
pnot
icbuti
snotpr
escr
ibedbecauseofabusepot
ent
ial
B.I
tconsi
stent
lyi
mpr
ovest
hequal
i
tyofsl
eep
C.I
tcandi
sor
gani
sesl
eepar
chi
tect
ure
D.I
tsuppr
essessl
eepapnoea
[Link]
ient
str
eat
edwi
tht
hef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugshoul
dbecaut
ionednott
oconsumeal
cohol
i
c
bev
erages:
[Link]
e
[Link]
roni
dazol
e
[Link]
himazol
e
[Link]
ami
zol
[Link]
arl
ow-
to-
moder
ateal
cohol
consumpt
ioni
sassoci
atedwi
th:
[Link]
nci
denceofcor
onar
yar
ter
ydi
sease
[Link]
ocar
dial
depr
essi
on
[Link]
sical
dependence
[Link]
nicke'
sencephal
opat
hy
[Link]
ateamount
sofal
cohol
producet
hef
oll
owi
ngef
fect
sexcept
:
[Link]
ushi
ng
[Link]
car
dia
[Link]
uresi
s
[Link]
sei
nbodyt
emper
atur
e
[Link]
ionofal
cohol
i
cbev
eragesi
nmoder
ateamount
scanbeal
l
owedf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ng
cat
egor
yofsubj
ect
s:
[Link]
l
ept
ics
[Link]
ient
swi
thhi
stor
yofmy
ocar
dial
inf
arct
ion
[Link]
roesophageal
ref
luxpat
ient
s
[Link]
egnantwomen
[Link]
eli
mitofdai
l
yal
cohol
consumpt
ioni
s:
[Link]
ormenandwomen
[Link]
ati
vel
ylowerf
orwoment
hanf
ormen
[Link]
ati
vel
yhi
gherf
orwoment
hanf
ormen
[Link]
hanhal
fforwoment
hanf
ormen
[Link]
sconsi
der
edt
obet
hesaf
eli
mitofdai
l
yal
cohol
consumpt
ionbyanadul
tmani
nthe
absenceofcont
rai
ndi
cat
ionsandi
nter
act
ingdr
ugs:
A.20-
40ml
ofwhi
sky
B.50-
100ml
ofwhi
sky
C.120-
180ml
ofwhi
sky
D.200-
300ml
ofwhi
sky
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngmot
ivat
ingf
act
orsi
sthel
easti
mpor
tantf
ort
heal
cohol
dri
nki
nghabi
t:
[Link]
sical
dependenceonal
cohol
[Link]
easur
abl
efeel
i
ngsi
nducedbyal
cohol
[Link]
ti
tudet
orel
atedr
inki
ngwi
thenj
oyment
[Link]
albel
i
eft
hatal
cohol
int
oxi
cat
edsubj
ecti
sunmi
ndf
ulofhi
sact
ions
[Link]
ectt
hedr
ugt
hathasbeenf
oundt
oreduceal
cohol
crav
ingandchancesofr
esumed
heav
ydr
inki
ngbyal
cohol
i
csaf
tert
heyhav
eunder
goneadet
oxi
fi
cat
ionpr
ogr
amme:
[Link]
ordi
azepoxi
de
[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne
[Link]
hadone
[Link]
tr
exone
[Link]
sul
fi
ram i
susedf
ort
het
reat
mentof
:
[Link]
eal
cohol
i
cint
oxi
cat
ion
[Link]
hphy
sical
l
yandpsy
chol
ogi
cal
l
ydependental
cohol
i
cs
[Link]
cohol
i
cspsy
chol
ogi
cal
l
ybutnotphy
sical
l
ydependentonal
cohol
[Link]
h‘A’
and‘
B’ar
ecor
rect
[Link]
hanol
isusedi
nmet
hanol
poi
soni
ngbecausei
t:
[Link]
agoni
sest
heact
ionsofmet
hanol
[Link]
imul
atest
hemet
abol
i
sm ofmet
hanol
andr
educesi
tsbl
oodl
evel
C.I
nhi
bit
sthemet
abol
i
sm ofmet
hanol
andgener
ati
onoft
oxi
cmet
abol
i
te
[Link]
eni
shest
hef
olat
est
oresdepl
etedbymet
hanol
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
saspeci
fi
cinhi
bit
oroft
heenzy
meal
cohol
dehy
drogenaseandi
s
usef
uli
nthet
reat
mentofmet
hanol
poi
soni
ng:
[Link]
sul
fi
ram
[Link]
hyl
enegl
ycol
[Link]
cium l
eucov
ori
n
[Link]
zol
e
[Link]
bit
urat
esexer
tthef
oll
owi
ngact
ionsexcept
:
[Link]
iconv
ulsant
[Link]
gesi
c
[Link]
ianxi
ety
[Link]
rat
orydepr
essant
[Link]
sm ofact
ionofbar
bit
urat
esdi
ff
ersf
rom t
hatofbenzodi
azepi
nesi
nthatt
hey
:
[Link]
fectt
heGABA-
benzodi
azepi
ner
ecept
or-
chl
ori
dechannel
compl
ex
[Link]
nver
seagoni
stsatt
hebenz
odi
azepi
ner
ecept
or
C.I
ncr
easet
hef
requencyofchl
ori
dechannel
openi
ngwi
thoutaf
fect
ingi
tsl
i
fet
ime
[Link]
ebot
hGABA-
faci
l
itat
oryaswel
lasGABA-
mimet
icact
ions
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngpr
ocessespl
ayst
hemaj
orr
olei
nter
minat
ingt
heact
ionof
phenobar
bit
one:
[Link]
l
iar
yexcr
eti
on
[Link]
excr
eti
on
[Link]
icmet
abol
i
sm
[Link]
str
ibut
ion
[Link]
rent
lybar
bit
urat
esar
epr
imar
il
yusedas:
[Link]
pnot
ic
[Link]
ive
[Link]
iepi
l
ept
ic
[Link]
eanaest
het
icmedi
cant
[Link]
azepi
nesdi
ff
erf
rom bar
bit
urat
esi
nthef
oll
owi
ngaspect
sexcept
:
[Link]
east
eeperdoser
esponsecur
ve
[Link]
ehi
ghert
her
apeut
ici
ndex
[Link]
elowerabusel
i
abi
l
ity
[Link]
nducemi
crosomal
drugmet
abol
i
zingenzy
mes
[Link]
pnot
icbenzodi
azepi
nesi
ncr
easet
heper
iodoft
imespenti
nthef
oll
owi
ngst
ageofsl
eep:
[Link]
ageI
I
[Link]
ageI
II
[Link]
ageI
V
[Link] st
age
[Link]
ectt
hecor
rectst
atementaboutbenzodi
azepi
nes(
BZDs)
:
[Link]
lBZDsf
aci
l
itat
eGABAmedi
atedCl̄i
nfl
uxi
ntoneur
ones
[Link]
ff
erentBZDsexer
tthesamedegr
eesofhy
pnot
ic,
anxi
oly
ticandant
iconv
ulsantAct
ions
[Link]
ecept
ori
shomogeneousatal
lneur
onal
sit
es
[Link]
erel
axantact
ionofBZDsi
snotbl
ockedbyf
lumazeni
l
[Link]
pnot
icdoseofdi
azepam pr
oducest
hef
oll
owi
ngact
ion:
[Link]
car
dia
[Link]
ipat
ion
[Link]
per
algesi
a
[Link]
easednoct
urnal
gast
ri
csecr
eti
on
[Link]
imar
ymechani
sm ofact
ionofbenzodi
azepi
nesi
s:
[Link]
neant
agoni
sm
[Link]
neant
agoni
sm
[Link]
ngofneur
onal
chl
ori
dechannel
s
[Link]
l
itat
ionofGABA-
medi
atedchl
ori
dei
nfl
ux
[Link]
ectt
hedr
ugt
hatant
agoni
sesdi
azepam act
ionnoncompet
it
ivel
y:
[Link]
ne
[Link]
umazeni
l
[Link]
cucul
l
ine
[Link]
proi
caci
d
[Link]
oll
owi
ngdr
ugsexer
tthei
ract
iont
hrought
heGABAA-
benzodi
azepi
ne–r
ecept
orCl̄
channel
compl
exexcept
:
[Link]
ofen
[Link]
pidem
[Link]
cucul
l
ine
[Link]
bit
one
[Link]
ngl
ehy
pnot
icdose,
thephar
macoki
net
icsofdi
azepam i
schar
act
eri
sedby
:
[Link]
owel
i
minat
ionandl
i
ttl
eredi
str
ibut
ion
[Link]
owel
i
minat
ionwi
thmar
kedr
edi
str
ibut
ion
[Link]
del
i
minat
ionandmar
kedr
edi
str
ibut
ion
[Link]
tr
arapi
del
i
minat
ion
[Link]
oll
owi
ngi
sav
erypot
entandshor
tact
ingbenzodi
azepi
newhoseuseashy
pnot
ichas
beennot
edt
ocausepsy
chi
atr
icdi
stur
bancesi
nsomecases:
[Link]
urazepam
[Link]
tr
azepam
[Link]
[Link]
iazol
am
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngst
atement
sisnott
rueofzopi
clone:
A.I
tisanonbenzodi
azepi
nehy
pnot
icwi
thef
fi
cacyandsaf
etysi
mil
art
obenzodi
azepi
nes
B.I
tdoesnotpr
oducer
eboundsl
eepdi
stur
bancesondi
scont
inuat
ion
C.I
tdoesnotactbypot
ent
iat
ingGABA
D.I
tisusedt
oweanof
finsomni
acsf
rom r
egul
arbenz
odi
azepi
neuse
[Link]
hedr
ugt
hathasbeenf
oundt
obemor
esel
ect
ivef
ort
heω1subt
ypeofBZD
r
ecept
or,
andpr
oduceshy
pnot
icact
ionbutl
i
ttl
eant
ianxi
ety
,muscl
erel
axantor
ant
iconv
ulsantact
ions:
[Link]
clone
[Link]
pidem
[Link]
umazeni
l
[Link]
atoni
n
[Link]
pidem di
ff
ersf
rom di
azepam i
nthat
:
A.I
tissaf
eri
nov
erdoset
handi
azepam
B.I
tshy
pnot
icact
ionshowsl
i
ttl
efadi
ngonr
epeat
edni
ght
lyuse
C.I
tcausesmor
emar
kedsuppr
essi
onofREM sl
eep
D.I
thasmor
epot
entmuscl
erel
axantact
ion
[Link]
azepam i
sindi
cat
edi
nthef
oll
owi
ngcondi
ti
onsexcept
:
[Link]
ali
zedt
oni
c-cl
oni
c(gr
andmal
)epi
l
epsy
[Link]
anus
[Link]
il
econv
ulsi
ons
[Link]
diaccat
het
eri
zat
ion
[Link]
oll
owi
ngdr
ugi
susedt
orev
erset
heCNSdepr
essi
onpr
oducedbydi
azepam:
[Link]
ami
ne
[Link]
am
[Link]
sost
igmi
ne
[Link]
umazeni
l
[Link]
ectt
hecor
rectst
atementaboutf
lumazeni
l
:
A.I
tisaCNSst
imul
antusedasanant
idot
eforbenzodi
azepi
nepoi
soni
ng
B.I
tisaCNSdepr
essantbutbl
ockst
heact
ionofdi
azepam
C.I
thasnoCNSef
fectofi
tsownbutbl
ockst
hedepr
essantef
fect
sofbenzodi
azepi
nesaswel
l
asbar
bit
urat
es
D.I
thasnoCNSef
fectofi
tsownbutbl
ockst
hedepr
essantef
fectofdi
azepam aswel
las
st
imul
antef
fectofbet
acar
bol
i
nes
[Link]
alpr
inci
plesi
ntheuseofhy
pnot
icsi
ncl
udet
hef
oll
owi
ngexcept
:
[Link]
pnot
icmaybeusedi
nter
mit
tent
lyf
orupt
o2-
3weeksi
nshor
t-
ter
minsomni
aduet
o
emot
ional
str
ess
B.I
npat
ient
swi
thchr
oni
cinsomni
aahy
pnot
icshoul
dbeusedr
egul
arl
y
[Link]
lhy
pnot
icsaggr
avat
esl
eepapnoea
[Link]
pnot
icwi
thsl
owel
i
minat
ioni
spr
efer
redi
npat
ient
swi
thear
lymor
ningawakeni
ng
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snotaCNSdepr
essantbuti
ncr
easest
het
endencyt
ofal
lasl
eepat
ni
ght
:
[Link]
ridoxi
ne
[Link]
phenhy
drami
ne
[Link]
atoni
n
[Link]
hanol
[Link]
bit
urat
ehav
inghi
gherant
iconv
ulsant
:sedat
iveact
ivi
tyr
ati
ois:
[Link]
obar
bit
one
[Link]
bit
one
[Link]
abar
bit
one
[Link]
opent
one
[Link]
obabl
emechani
sm ofant
iconv
ulsantact
ionofpheny
toi
nis:
[Link]
l
itat
ionofGABAer
gici
nhi
bit
oryt
ransmi
ssi
on
[Link]
per
pol
ari
zat
ionofneur
ones
C.I
nter
act
ionwi
thCa2+channel
stopr
omot
eCa2+i
nfl
ux
[Link]
olongat
ionofv
olt
agesensi
ti
veneur
onal
Na+channel
inact
ivat
ion
[Link]
oll
owi
ngant
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ugi
smostl
i
kel
ytoi
mpai
rlear
ningandmemor
y,andpr
oduce
behav
ior
albnor
mal
i
tiesi
nchi
l
dren:
[Link]
proi
caci
d
[Link]
bit
one
[Link]
toi
n
[Link]
hosux
imi
de
[Link]
toi
nappear
stoder
ivei
tsant
iconv
ulsantact
ionf
rom:
[Link]
ect
ivei
nhi
bit
ionofhi
ghf
requencyneur
onal
dischar
ges
[Link]
ect
ivei
nhi
bit
ionofepi
l
ept
icf
ocus
[Link]
ect
ivei
nhi
bit
ionT-
typeCa2+cur
renti
nbr
aincel
l
s
[Link]
ect
iveenhancementofi
nhi
bit
oryt
ransmi
ssi
oni
nthebr
ain
[Link]
act
eri
sti
cfeat
ureofpheny
toi
nphar
macoki
net
icsi
s:
[Link]
ghf
ir
stpassmet
abol
i
sm
[Link]
urat
ionki
net
icsofmet
abol
i
sm
[Link]
tyl
i
mit
edmet
abol
i
sm sat
urat
ingathi
ghert
her
apeut
icconcent
rat
ionr
ange
[Link]
rahepat
icmet
abol
i
sm
[Link]
oll
owi
ngadv
erseef
fect
(s)ofpheny
toi
nis/
arer
elat
edt
ohi
ghpl
asmadr
ug
concent
rat
ion:
[Link]
axi
a
[Link]
rsut
ism
[Link] hy
per
plasi
a
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
[Link]
oll
owi
ngdr
ugdi
spl
acespl
asmapr
otei
nboundpheny
toi
naswel
lasdecr
easesi
ts
met
abol
i
sm:
[Link]
bamazepi
ne
[Link]
um v
alpr
oat
e
[Link]
met
idi
ne
[Link]
orampheni
col
[Link]
bamazepi
nepossessest
hef
oll
owi
ngpr
oper
tynotshar
edbypheny
toi
n:
[Link]
fi
cat
ionofmaxi
mal
elect
roshocksei
zur
es
[Link]
singt
hreshol
dforpent
ylenet
etr
azol
conv
ulsi
ons
[Link]
essi
onofcompl
expar
ti
alsei
zur
es
[Link]
i
orat
ionoft
ri
gemi
nal
neur
algi
a
[Link]
ectt
heant
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ugt
hati
sef
fect
ivei
nmani
cdepr
essi
vei
l
lnessaswel
l
:
[Link]
hosucci
mide
[Link]
imi
done
[Link]
bit
one
[Link]
bamazepi
ne
[Link]
oll
owi
ngant
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ugi
sli
kel
ytocausehy
ponat
remi
aasasi
deef
fect
,especi
all
yin
el
der
ly
pat
ient
s:
[Link]
imi
done
[Link]
bamazepi
ne
[Link]
toi
n
[Link]
um v
alpr
oat
e
[Link]
ugofchoi
cef
ort
ri
gemi
nal
neur
algi
ais:
[Link]
ri
n
B.I
mipr
ami
ne
[Link]
bamazepi
ne
[Link]
proi
caci
d
[Link]
oll
owi
ngst
atementi
snott
rueofcar
bamazepi
ne:
A.I
tgener
atesanact
ivemet
abol
i
te
B.I
tspl
asmahal
fli
fedecr
easest
onear
lyhal
foft
heor
igi
nal
val
ueaf
terchr
oni
cuse
C.I
tisbei
ngusedi
nmani
a
D.I
tisnotef
fect
ivei
ncompl
expar
ti
alsei
zur
es
[Link]
oll
owi
ngant
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ugr
aisespent
ylenet
etr
azol
sei
zur
ethr
eshol
dbutdoesnot
modi
fymaxi
mal
elect
roshocksei
zur
es:
[Link]
hosuxi
mide
[Link]
bamazepi
ne
[Link]
imi
done
[Link]
bit
one
[Link]
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ugwhi
chsuppr
essesmaxi
mal
elect
roshockaswel
laski
ndl
edsei
zur
es,
r
aisespent
ylenet
etr
azol
thr
eshol
dandi
sef
fect
ivei
nbot
hgener
ali
zedt
oni
c-cl
oni
caswel
las
absencesei
zur
esi
s:
[Link]
toi
n
[Link]
bamazepi
ne
[Link]
um v
alpr
oat
e
[Link]
hosux
imi
de
[Link]
ectt
hedr
ughav
inganar
rowspect
rum ant
iepi
l
ept
icact
ivi
tyr
est
ri
ctedt
oabsence
sei
zur
es:
[Link]
ri
gine
[Link]
hosucci
mide
[Link]
um v
alpr
oat
e
[Link]
imi
done
[Link]
um v
alpr
oat
ehasbeenshownt
o:
[Link]
olongneur
onal
Na+channel
inact
ivat
ion
[Link]
tenuat
e‘T’
typeCa2+cur
renti
nneur
ones
C.I
nhi
bitdegr
adat
ionofGABAbyGABA-
tr
ansami
nase
[Link]
l
[Link]
um v
alpr
oat
eshoul
dbeusedwi
thcaut
ioni
nyoungchi
l
drenbecauset
heyar
e
par
ti
cul
arl
yatr
iskofdev
elopi
ngt
hef
oll
owi
ngadv
erseef
fect
:
[Link]
it
is
[Link]
r
[Link]
exi
a
[Link]
emor
[Link]
efer
reddr
ugf
orsuppr
essi
ngf
ebr
il
econv
ulsi
onsi
s:
A.I
ntr
amuscul
arphenobar
bit
one
B.I
ntr
avenouspheny
toi
n
[Link]
aldi
azepam
[Link]
alsodi
um v
alpr
oat
e
[Link]
tehav
ingant
iconv
ulsantact
ion,
diazepam i
snotusedi
nthet
reat
mentofepi
l
epsy
because:
A.I
tisnotef
fect
iveor
all
y
B.I
tcausessedat
ion
C.I
tsant
iconv
ulsantact
ionwanesof
fwi
thchr
oni
cuse
[Link]
h‘B’
and‘
C’ar
ecor
rect
[Link]
obazam i
sabenzodi
azepi
neusedas:
[Link]
pnot
ic
[Link]
erel
axant
[Link]
oly
tic
[Link]
iepi
l
ept
ic
[Link]
hecor
rectst
atementaboutl
amot
ri
gine:
A.I
tisadopami
ner
gicagoni
stusedi
npar
kinsoni
sm
B.I
tact
sbybl
ocki
ngNMDA-
typeofgl
utamat
erecept
ors
C.I
tisabr
oadspect
rum ant
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ug
D.I
tsuppr
essest
oni
c-cl
oni
csei
zur
es,
butwor
sensabsencesei
zur
es
[Link]
ectt
heant
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ugt
hati
naddi
ti
oni
sapr
efer
redt
reat
mentf
orposther
pet
ic
neur
algi
aand
pai
nduet
odi
abet
icneur
opat
hy:
[Link]
bamazepi
ne
[Link]
in
[Link]
ri
gine
[Link]
imi
done
[Link]
inact
s:
[Link]
st
[Link]
ecur
sorofGABA
[Link]
ngGABAr
elease
[Link]
ndependentmechani
sm
[Link]
ectt
heant
iconv
ulsantdr
ugt
hatact
sasaGABAt
ransami
nasei
nhi
bit
or:
[Link]
in
[Link]
gabat
ri
n
[Link]
ri
gine
[Link]
obazam
[Link]
oll
owi
ngi
str
ueoft
opi
ramat
eexcept
:
A.I
tisabr
oadspect
rum ant
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ug
B.I
tinhi
bit
stheenzy
mecar
boni
canhy
drase
C.I
tisusedasadd-
ont
her
apyi
nref
ract
orypar
ti
alsei
zur
es
D.I
tisnotef
fect
ivei
ngener
ali
zedt
oni
c-cl
oni
csei
zur
es
[Link]
oll
owi
ngi
str
uei
nthet
reat
mentofepi
l
epsyexcept
:
[Link]
ceofdr
ugdependsont
hecauseofepi
l
epsyandnotont
hesei
zur
ety
pe
[Link]
eat
mentshoul
dbei
nst
it
utedasear
lyaspossi
ble
[Link]
eat
menti
sgener
all
yst
art
edwi
thasi
ngl
edr
ugandt
heot
herdr
ugi
saddedorsubst
it
uted
accor
dingt
oresponse
[Link]
thdr
awal
ofdr
ugcanbeat
tempt
edi
fnosei
zur
eshav
eoccur
redf
or3-
5year
s
[Link]
nat
ionoft
woormor
eant
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ugsi
sused:
[Link]
inel
yinal
lty
pesofepi
l
epsy
B.I
nal
lcasesofcompl
expar
ti
alsei
zur
es
C.I
nal
lcasesofsecondar
il
ygener
ali
zedsei
zur
es
[Link]
ywhenmonot
her
apywi
thf
ir
st/
secondchoi
cedr
ugsf
ail
s
[Link]
ectt
hef
act
orwhi
chi
ndi
cat
est
hatwi
thdr
awal
oft
hesuccessf
ull
yusedant
iepi
l
ept
ic
medi
cat
ioni
s
l
i
kel
ytor
esul
tinr
ecur
renceofsei
zur
es:
[Link]
l
dhoodepi
l
epsy
[Link]
ti
alsei
zur
es
[Link]
eat
mentst
art
edsoonaf
tersei
zur
eonset
[Link]
mal
i
ty
[Link]
l
ept
icwomancont
rol
l
edbypheny
toi
nther
apyconcei
[Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ng
measur
esi
smostappr
opr
iat
e:
[Link]
cal
ter
minat
ionofpr
egnancy
[Link]
thdr
awpheny
toi
nther
apy
[Link]
adual
l
yreducepheny
toi
ndoset
othel
owestef
fect
ivel
evel
[Link]
it
utepheny
toi
nwi
thacombi
nat
ionofcar
bamazepi
neandsodi
um v
alpr
oat
e
[Link]
skofneur
alt
ubedef
ecti
ntheof
fspr
ingcanbemi
nimi
sedi
npr
egnantwomenr
ecei
vi
ng
ant
iepi
l
ept
icdr
ugsbysuppl
ement
alt
her
apywi
th:
[Link]
i
caci
d
[Link]
tami
nA
[Link]
tami
nE
[Link]
ridoxi
ne
[Link]
efer
reddr
ugf
orst
atusepi
l
ept
icusi
s:
A.I
ntr
avenousdi
azepam
B.I
ntr
avenouspheny
toi
nsodi
um
C.I
ntr
amuscul
arphenobar
bit
one
[Link]
aldi
azepam
[Link]
fect
ivedr
ugi
npar
kinsoni
sm i
s:
[Link]
omocr
ipt
ine
[Link]
egi
l
ine
[Link]
odopa+car
bidopa
[Link]
per
iden
95.I
npar
kinsoni
anpat
ient
slev
odopaexer
tst
hef
oll
owi
ngef
fect
sexcept
:
[Link]
etal
muscl
econt
ract
il
it
y
[Link]
easesmuscl
etone
C.I
ncr
easesl
ocomot
oract
ivi
ty
D.I
nhi
bit
smuscl
etr
emor
[Link]
neD2r
ecept
orhast
hef
oll
owi
ngf
eat
ure:
A.I
tisexci
tat
oryi
nnat
ure
B.I
tisnegat
ivel
ycoupl
edt
oadeny
lcy
clase
C.I
tissel
ect
ivel
ybl
ockedbybr
omocr
ipt
ine
D.I
tisnotbl
ockedbymet
ocl
opr
ami
de
[Link]
car
diov
ascul
aref
fectofl
evodopai
s:
[Link]
ady
car
diaduet
oincr
easedv
agal
tone
[Link]
sei
nbl
oodpr
essur
eduet
oincr
easednor
adr
enal
i
necont
entofadr
ener
gicner
veendi
ngs
[Link]
li
nbl
oodpr
essur
eduet
odecr
easei
nsy
mpat
het
ict
one
[Link]
h‘A’
and‘
B’ar
ecor
rect
[Link]
oll
owi
ngdr
ug/
drugsdoes/
donotpr
oduceanyov
ertCNSef
fecti
nnor
mal
indi
vi
dual
s
butexer
t(s)cl
earcutt
her
apeut
icef
fectatt
hesamedosei
nthepr
esenceofaspeci
fi
c
neur
ologi
cal
/psy
chi
atr
icdi
sor
der
:
[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne
[Link]
odopa
C.I
mipr
ami
ne
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
[Link]
ter
ati
onoft
ast
esensat
ioncanoccurasi
deef
fectof
:
[Link]
odopa
[Link]
opr
il
[Link]
cil
l
ami
ne
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
100. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngadv
erseef
fect
sofl
evodopahasadel
ayedonsetandi
ncr
easesi
n
sev
eri
tywi
thcont
inuedt
her
apy
:
[Link]
omi
ti
ng
[Link]
ural
hypot
ensi
on
[Link]
diacar
rhy
thmi
a
[Link]
mal
mov
ement
s
101. Thedr
ugwhi
chabol
i
shest
het
her
apeut
icef
fectofl
evodopai
npar
kinsoni
sm,
butnot
t
hatofl
evodopacar
bidopacombi
nat
ioni
s:
[Link]
ocl
opr
ami
de
[Link]
ridoxi
ne
[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne
D.I
soni
azi
d
102. Useofcar
bidopaal
ongwi
thl
evodopai
nthet
reat
mentofpar
kinsoni
sm:
A.I
nhi
bit
sdev
elopmentofi
nvol
unt
arymov
ement
s
[Link]
nimi
ses‘
on-
off’
eff
ect
’
C.I
nhi
bit
soccur
renceofbehav
ior
alabnor
mal
i
ties
[Link]
uat
esnauseaandv
omi
ti
ng
103. Thef
oll
owi
ngadv
erseef
fectofl
evodopai
snotmi
nimi
sedbycombi
ningi
twi
th
car
bidopa:
A.I
nvol
unt
arymov
ement
s
[Link]
omi
ti
ng
[Link]
diacar
rhy
thmi
a
D.‘
On-
off’
eff
ect
104. Sel
ectt
heant
ipar
kinsoni
andr
ugwhi
chdi
rect
lyact
ivat
esdopami
ner
gicD2r
ecept
orsi
n
t
hest
ri
atum:
[Link]
ami
pexol
e
[Link]
acapone
[Link]
azi
de
[Link]
egi
l
ine
105. Ropi
nir
oledi
ff
ersf
rom br
omocr
ipt
inei
nthef
oll
owi
ngr
espect
:
A.I
tdoesnotdi
rect
lyact
ivat
edopami
neD2r
ecept
ors
B.I
tpr
oducesmi
l
dergast
roi
ntest
inal
sideef
fect
s
C.I
near
lycasesofpar
kinsoni
sm,
iti
slessl
i
kel
ytoneedl
evodopasuppl
ement
ati
on
[Link]
h'B'
and'
C'ar
ecor
rect
106. Thef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugcombi
nat
ionshoul
dnotbeusedi
npar
kinsoni
sm:
[Link]
odopa+ant
ichol
i
ner
gics
[Link]
odopa+amant
adi
ne
[Link]
omocr
ipt
ine+l
evodopa
[Link]
adi
ne+ant
ichol
i
ner
gics
107. Theant
ipar
kinsoni
andr
ugwhi
chact
sbyi
nhi
bit
ingt
hedegr
adat
ionofdopami
nei
nthe
br
aini
s:
[Link]
bidopa
[Link]
adi
ne
[Link]
egi
l
ine
[Link]
omocr
ipt
ine
108. Tol
erancet
otheant
ipar
kinsoni
anact
iondev
elopsmostr
api
dlyi
nthecaseof
:
[Link]
odopa
[Link]
odopa+car
bidopa
[Link]
adi
ne
[Link]
omocr
ipt
ine
109. Thef
oll
owi
ngi
str
ueofsel
egi
l
ine:
A.I
tdoesnotexer
tant
ipar
kinsoni
anact
ionunl
esscombi
nedwi
thl
evodopa
B.I
tov
ercomest
he‘
on-
off’
eff
ecti
nlev
odopat
reat
edadv
ancedpar
kinsoni
anpat
ient
s
C.I
tret
ardst
hepr
ogr
essi
onofPar
kinson'
sdi
sease
[Link]
npar
kinsoni
sm i
tdoesnoti
nter
fer
ewi
thper
ipher
almet
abol
i
sm ofdi
etar
y
ami
nes
110. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugshasmi
l
dant
ipar
kinsoni
anact
ionofi
tsown,
prol
ongs
l
evodopaact
ionandal
l
owsr
educt
ionofi
tsdosebyabout25%:
[Link]
azi
de
[Link]
egi
l
ine
[Link]
adi
ne
[Link]
ridoxi
ne
111. Thepr
imar
yact
ionbywhi
chent
acaponeandt
olcaponeenhancet
het
her
apeut
icef
fect
ofl
evodopa-
car
bidopai
npar
kinsoni
sm i
s:
A.I
nhi
bit
ionofl
evodopamet
hyl
ati
oni
nthel
i
ver
B.I
nhi
bit
ionofdopami
nemet
hyl
ati
oni
nthebr
ain
C.I
nhi
bit
ionofoxi
dat
ivedeami
nat
ionofdopami
nei
nthebr
ain
[Link]
l
itat
ionofact
ivet
ranspor
tofl
evodopaacr
ossbr
aincapi
l
lar
ies
112. Ent
acaponedi
ff
ersf
rom t
olcaponei
nthef
oll
owi
ngr
espect
/respect
s:
A.I
tisshor
teract
ing
B.I
tact
sonl
ybyi
nhi
bit
ingper
ipher
almet
abol
i
sm ofl
evodopa
C.I
tisnothepat
otoxi
c
[Link]
loft
heabov
ear
ecor
rect
113. Thef
oll
owi
ngi
str
ueaboutent
acaponeexcept
:
A.I
tact
sbyi
nhi
bit
ingdegr
adat
ionofdopami
nei
nthebr
ain
B.I
fpr
olongst
het
her
apeut
icef
fectofl
evodopacar
bidopai
npar
kinsoni
sm
C.I
tcanaccent
uat
elev
odopai
nduceddy
ski
nesi
as
D.I
tcancausedi
arr
hoeaasasi
deef
fect
114. Sel
ectt
hedr
ugt
hatr
ever
sibl
yinhi
bit
stheenz
ymeCOMTandi
susef
ulasanadj
uvant
medi
cat
ioni
nadv
ancedpar
kinson'
sdi
sease:
[Link]
ami
pexol
e
[Link]
acapone
[Link]
gol
i
de
[Link]
ri
bedi
l
115. Thef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugi
sef
fect
ivei
nchl
orpr
omazi
nei
nducedpar
kinsoni
sm:
[Link]
ihexy
pheni
dyl
[Link]
egi
l
ine
[Link]
omocr
ipt
ine
[Link]
odopa+car
bidopa
116. Theant
ipar
kinsoni
anact
ionofcent
ral
ant
ichol
i
ner
gicshast
hef
oll
owi
ngf
eat
uresexcept
:
[Link]
rol
tremormor
ethanr
igi
dit
y
[Link]
oduceal
owcei
l
ingt
her
apeut
icef
fect
[Link]
eef
fect
ivei
nneur
olept
icdr
ugi
nducedpar
kinsoni
sm
[Link]
ethepr
efer
reddr
ugsi
nadv
ancedcases
117. Thef
oll
owi
ngcat
egor
yofdr
ugsi
snoti
ndi
cat
edi
near
ly/
mil
dcasesofPar
kinson'
s
di
sease:
[Link]
ral
ant
ichol
i
ner
gic
[Link]-
Binhi
bit
or
[Link]
nhi
bit
or
[Link]
gol
i
nedopami
ner
gicagoni
st
118. Formaj
ori
tyofpat
ient
sofpar
kinsoni
sm t
hest
andar
ddr
ugt
her
apyi
s:
[Link]
odopa
[Link]
odopa+car
bidopa
[Link]
odopa+t
ri
hexi
pheni
dyl
[Link]
omocr
ipt
ine
119. The‘
neur
olept
icsy
ndr
ome’
producedbychl
orpr
omazi
nel
i
kedr
ugsi
schar
act
eri
zedby
t
hef
oll
owi
ngexcept
:
[Link]
ional
qui
eteni
ng
[Link]
tyofmov
ement
s
[Link]
axi
a
D.I
ndi
ff
erencet
oext
ernal
cues
120. Thedi
sti
nct
iveact
ionofchl
orpr
omazi
nel
i
kedr
ugsnotpossessedbyanyot
hercl
assof
dr
ugsi
s:
[Link]
i
efofanxi
etywi
thoutpr
oduci
ngsedat
ion
[Link]
essi
onofagr
essi
vebehav
iour
[Link]
evat
ioni
ndepr
essedpat
ient
s
[Link]
rect
ionofdi
stor
ti
onsoft
houghtandper
cept
ionoccur
ri
ngi
npsy
chosi
s
121. Act
ionsofchl
orpr
omazi
nei
ncl
udet
hef
oll
owi
ngexcept
:
A.I
ndi
ff
erencet
oext
ernal
sti
mul
i
[Link]
ural
hypot
ensi
on
[Link]
popr
olact
inemi
a
[Link]
pot
her
miai
ncol
dsur
roundi
ngs
122. Fl
uphenazi
nedi
ff
ersf
rom chl
orpr
omazi
nei
nthef
oll
owi
ngr
espect
sexcept
:
A.I
thashi
gherant
ipsy
chot
icef
fi
cacy
B.I
tisl
esssedat
ive
C.I
tisl
essl
i
kel
ytopr
eci
pit
atesei
zur
esi
nepi
l
ept
ics
D.I
tcausesmor
epr
omi
nentext
rapy
rami
dal
sideef
fect
s
123. Compar
edt
oot
herant
ipsy
chot
icdr
ugs,
thedi
sti
nct
ivef
eat
ureofpenf
lur
idol
is:
[Link]
ylongdur
ati
onofact
ion
[Link]
neD2bl
ocki
ngact
ivi
ty
[Link]
rapy
rami
dal
sideef
fect
s
[Link]
ti
onal
5-HT2r
ecept
orbl
ocki
ngact
ivi
ty
124. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngadv
erseef
fect
sofneur
olept
icdr
ugsi
sposi
ti
vel
ycor
rel
atedt
othe
ant
ipsy
chot
icpot
encyoft
hedi
ff
erentcompounds:
[Link]
ion
[Link]
rapy
rami
dal
mot
ordi
stur
bances
[Link]
ural
hypot
ensi
on
[Link]
ingofsei
zur
ethr
eshol
d
125. Sel
ect
ivei
nhi
bit
ionofcondi
ti
onedav
oidancer
esponsei
nani
mal
sbyadr
ugi
ndi
cat
es
t
hatt
hedr
ugi
sli
kel
ytobeef
fect
ivei
n:
[Link]
ety
[Link]
ordepr
essi
on
[Link]
zophr
eni
a
[Link]
c-depr
essi
vei
l
lness
126. Thef
oll
owi
ngact
ionofchl
orpr
omazi
nei
snotbasedoni
tsant
idopami
ner
gicpr
oper
ty:
[Link]
ipsy
chot
ic
[Link]
per
prol
act
inemi
c
[Link]
iemet
ic
[Link]
pot
ensi
ve
127. Chl
orpr
omazi
net
her
apyi
ncr
easest
hesecr
eti
onoft
hef
oll
owi
nghor
mone:
[Link]
olact
in
[Link]
ropi
n
[Link]
ti
cot
ropi
n
[Link]
idi
uret
ichor
mone
128. Thef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugi
snotl
i
kel
ytopr
oducedependence:
[Link]
azepam
[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne
[Link]
hidi
ne
[Link]
hadone
129. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sal
ongact
ingneur
olept
ichav
ingspeci
fi
cant
idopami
ner
gic
act
ion,
butl
i
ttl
eadr
ener
gicorchol
i
ner
gicbl
ocki
ngact
ivi
ty:
[Link]
if
lupr
omazi
ne
[Link]
ori
dazi
ne
[Link]
ozapi
ne
[Link]
mozi
de
130. Themaj
orl
i
mit
ati
oni
ntheuseofcl
ozapi
nef
ort
reat
mentofschi
zophr
eni
ais:
A.I
tspot
ent
ial
tocauseagr
anul
ocy
tosi
s
B.I
tsi
nabi
l
ityt
obenef
itnegat
ivesy
mpt
omsofschi
zophr
eni
a
[Link]
ghi
nci
denceofext
rapy
rami
dal
sideef
fect
s
[Link]
oduct
ionofhy
per
prol
act
inemi
a
131. Whati
str
ueofr
isper
idone:
A.I
tisanat
ypi
cal
neur
olept
icwhi
chpr
oducesf
ewex
trapy
rami
dal
sideef
fect
s
B.I
thascombi
neddopami
neD2and5-
HT2r
ecept
orbl
ocki
ngact
ivi
ty
C.I
tdoesnotcausehy
per
prol
act
inemi
a
[Link]
h'A'
and'
B'ar
ecor
rect
132. Thef
oll
owi
ngant
ipsy
chot
icdr
ughasweakdopami
neD2butaddi
ti
onal
5-HT2bl
ocki
ng
act
ivi
tyandbenef
it
sbot
hposi
ti
veandnegat
ivesy
mpt
omsofschi
zophr
eni
a:
[Link]
ne
[Link]
ozapi
ne
[Link]
mozi
de
[Link]
lur
idol
133. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sanat
ypi
cal
neur
olept
icdr
ug:
[Link]
ne
[Link]
anzapi
ne
[Link]
mozi
de
[Link]
upent
hixol
134. Ol
anzapi
nehast
hef
oll
owi
ngf
eat
uresexcept
:
A.I
tisanant
ipsy
chot
icdr
ugwi
thweakD2r
ecept
orbl
ocki
ngact
ion
B.I
thaspot
ent5-
HT2bl
ocki
ngandant
imuscar
ini
cact
ions
C.I
tlower
ssei
zur
ethr
eshol
d
D.I
tpr
oducespr
omi
nentext
rapy
rami
dal
sideef
fect
s
135. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sahi
ghpot
encyant
ipsy
chot
icdr
ughav
ingmi
nimal
sedat
iveand
aut
onomi
cef
fect
sandnopr
opensi
tyt
ocausewei
ghtgai
n:
[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne
[Link]
if
lupr
omazi
ne
[Link]
oper
idol
[Link]
anzapi
ne
136. Cl
ozapi
nei
sconsi
der
edt
obeanat
ypi
cal
neur
olept
icbecause:
A.I
thasweakant
idopami
ner
gicact
ionbuthi
ghant
ipsy
chot
icef
fi
cacy
B.I
tssi
deef
fectpr
ofi
l
eisdi
ff
erentf
rom t
hatofchl
orpr
omazi
ne
C.I
tisnotaphenot
hiazi
neder
ivat
ive
[Link]
h‘A’
and‘
B’ar
ecor
rect
137. Thef
oll
owi
ngsi
deef
fectoft
ypi
cal
neur
olept
icsmayr
espondt
opr
opr
anol
ol:
[Link]
kinsoni
sm
[Link]
emuscl
edy
stoni
a
[Link]
div
edy
ski
nesi
a
[Link]
hisi
a
138. Thef
oll
owi
ngadv
erseef
fectcanoccurev
enl
ongaf
terwi
thdr
awal
oft
heof
fendi
ngdr
ug:
[Link]
adoxi
cal
tachy
car
dia
[Link]
div
edy
ski
nesi
a
[Link]
i
gnanthy
per
ther
mia
[Link]
naecomast
ia
139. Theext
rapy
rami
dal
adv
erseef
fectofant
ipsy
chot
icdr
ugt
her
apywhi
chdoesnotr
espond
t
ocent
ral
ant
ichol
i
ner
gicsi
s:
[Link]
kinsoni
sm
[Link]
emuscl
edy
stoni
a
[Link]
tsy
ndr
ome
[Link]
div
edy
ski
nesi
a
140. Theant
ipsy
chot
icdr
ugmostl
i
kel
ytocauseocul
art
oxi
cit
yonl
ong-
ter
m usei
s:
[Link]
ori
dazi
ne
[Link]
oper
idol
[Link]
upent
hixol
[Link]
mozi
de
141. Thepsy
chot
icsy
mpt
omsmostbenef
it
edbyneur
olept
icdr
ugsar
e:
[Link]
yimpai
rment
[Link]
nsi
ghtandv
oli
ti
on
[Link]
l
uci
nat
ions,
del
usi
onsandaggr
essi
vebehav
iour
[Link]
hyandsoci
alwi
thdr
awal
142. Thef
oll
owi
ngi
scor
rectaboutant
ipsy
chot
icdr
ugsexcept
:
[Link]
ycont
rol
sympt
omsofschi
zophr
eni
awi
thoutaf
fect
ingt
hebasi
cdi
sor
der
[Link]
nat
ionoft
woormor
eant
ipsy
chot
icdr
ugsi
smor
eef
fi
caci
oust
hananysi
ngl
edr
ug
C.I
ntr
eat
ingpsy
chosi
shi
ghpot
encydr
ugsar
epr
efer
redov
erl
owpot
encydr
ugs
[Link]
oducedependence
143. Sel
ectt
hedr
ugwhi
chshoul
dnotbeusedt
otr
eatneur
oti
canxi
etyandt
ensi
on
sy
ndr
omesdespi
te
hav
ingant
ianxi
etyact
ion:
[Link]
rone
[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne
[Link]
azepam
[Link]
prazol
am
144. Chl
orpr
omazi
nei
sinef
fect
ivei
nvomi
ti
ngduet
o:
[Link]
ionsi
ckness
[Link]
ningsi
ckness
[Link]
goxi
nther
apy
[Link]
ri
ti
s
145. Thef
oll
owi
ngst
atement
(s)i
s/ar
ecor
recti
nrel
ati
ont
odi
azepam andchl
orpr
omaz
ine:
[Link]
hhav
eant
iconv
ulsantpr
oper
ty
[Link]
hdonotcar
ryabusel
i
abi
l
ity
[Link]
hhav
eant
ianxi
etyact
ion
[Link]
loft
heabov
ear
ecor
rect
146. Sel
ectt
heanxi
oly
ticbenzodi
azepi
net
hathasaddi
ti
onal
mil
dant
idepr
essantpr
oper
ty:
[Link]
ordi
azepoxi
de
[Link]
[Link]
prazol
am
[Link]
azepam
147. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sanonsedat
iveanxi
oly
tic:
[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne
[Link]
rone
[Link]
droxy
zine
[Link]
prazol
am
148. Thef
oll
owi
ngst
atementi
scor
rectaboutbuspi
rone:
A.I
tint
eract
swi
thbenzodi
azepi
ner
ecept
orasani
nver
seagoni
st
B.I
tisar
api
dlyact
inganxi
oly
tic,
goodf
orpani
cst
ates
C.I
tpr
oducesphy
sical
dependenceandsuppr
essesbar
bit
urat
ewi
thdr
awal
syndr
ome
D.I
thasanxi
oly
ticbutnoant
iconv
ulsantormuscl
erel
axantpr
oper
ty
149. Sel
ectt
hedr
ugwhi
chr
eli
evesanxi
etybutnei
therr
eact
swi
thbenzodi
azepi
ner
ecept
or
norpr
oducesanyov
ertCNSef
fect
:
[Link]
[Link]
opr
oper
azi
ne
[Link]
rone
[Link]
ordi
azepoxi
de
150. Themaj
orconst
rai
nti
nthel
ongt
erm useofbenzodi
azepi
nesf
ort
reat
mentof
gener
ali
zedanxi
ety
di
sor
deri
s:
[Link]
elopmentoft
oler
ancet
oant
ianxi
etyact
ionoft
hebenzodi
azepi
nes
[Link]
bil
i
tyofdr
ugdependence
[Link]
diov
ascul
ardepr
essi
on
[Link]
kel
yhoodofov
erdoset
oxi
cit
y
151. Thepr
efer
redcl
assofdr
ugsf
orl
ongt
ermt
reat
mentofsev
ereanxi
etydi
sor
derwi
th
i
nter
mit
tentpani
cat
tacksi
s:
[Link]
hiaz
ine(
chl
orpr
omazi
nel
i
ke)
[Link]
rone(
buspi
ronel
i
ke)
C.β-
blocker(
propr
anol
oll
i
ke)
[Link]
ect
iveser
otoni
nreupt
akei
nhi
bit
or(
ser
tral
i
nel
i
ke)
152. Chooset
hecor
rectst
atementaboutt
heuseofpr
opr
anol
oli
nanxi
ety
:
[Link]
ngnonsedat
ive,
iti
sthedr
ugofchoi
cei
nchr
oni
canxi
etyst
ates
B.I
tsuppr
essest
hepsy
chol
ogi
cal
componentofanx
iet
y
C.I
tsuppr
essest
heaut
onomi
cmani
fest
ati
onsofacut
elyst
ressf
ulsi
tuat
ions
[Link]
h‘B’
and‘
C’ar
ecor
rect
153. Thef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugofabusei
sahal
l
uci
nogen:
[Link]
ne
[Link]
s
[Link]
oin
[Link]
haqual
one
154. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sasel
ect
iveMAO-
Binhi
bit
or:
[Link]
egi
l
ine
[Link]
orgy
li
ne
[Link]
obemi
de
[Link]
any
lcy
promi
ne
155. Thenonsel
ect
iveMAOi
nhi
bit
orsar
enotusedcl
i
nical
l
yasant
idepr
essant
sbecauseof
t
hei
r:
[Link]
idepr
essantef
fi
cacy
[Link]
ghert
oxi
cit
y
[Link]
ent
ial
toi
nter
actwi
thmanyf
oodsanddr
ugs
[Link]
h'B'
and'
C'ar
ecor
rect
156. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngMAOi
nhi
bit
orsi
smostl
i
kel
ytopr
oducecheeser
eact
ion:
[Link]
any
lcy
promi
ne
[Link]
obemi
de
[Link]
egi
l
ine
[Link]
orgy
li
ne
157. Thef
oll
owi
ngi
sar
ever
sibl
eandsel
ect
iveMAO-
Ainhi
bit
or:
[Link]
opi
on
[Link]
acapone
[Link]
obemi
de
[Link]
egi
l
ine
158. '
Cheeser
eact
ion'
inaMAOi
nhi
bit
edpat
ientmani
fest
sas:
[Link]
eci
pit
ousf
all
inbl
oodpr
essur
eandshock
[Link]
per
tensi
vecr
isi
s
[Link]
emani
cepi
sode
[Link]
ulsi
ons
159. Chooset
hecor
rectst
atementaboutmocl
obemi
de:
A.I
tisar
ever
sibl
einhi
bit
orofMAO-
Awi
thshor
tdur
ati
onofact
ion
[Link]
ient
staki
ngi
tneedt
obecaut
ionednott
oconsumet
yrami
ner
ichf
ood
C.I
tiscont
rai
ndi
cat
edi
nel
der
lypat
ient
s
D.I
tpr
oducesant
ichol
i
ner
gicsi
deef
fect
s
160. I
mipr
ami
negi
vent
onondepr
essedi
ndi
vi
dual
produces:
[Link]
ia
B.I
nsomni
a
[Link]
har
gyandl
i
ghtheadedness
D.I
nappr
opr
iat
ebehav
iour
161. Oft
hef
oll
owi
ng,
chooset
heant
idepr
essanthav
ingbot
hhi
ghsedat
iveandhi
gh
ant
ichol
i
ner
gicact
ivi
ty:
A.I
mipr
ami
ne
[Link]
tr
ipt
yli
ne
[Link]
uoxet
ine
[Link]
azodone
162. Theant
idepr
essantwhi
chsel
ect
ivel
ybl
ocks5-
hydr
oxy
try
ptami
neupt
akei
s:
[Link]
uoxet
ine
[Link]
ne
[Link]
prami
ne
[Link]
hiepi
n
163. I
mipr
ami
nepr
oducest
hef
oll
owi
ngact
ionsex
cept
:
[Link]
ia
[Link]
ynessofmout
h
[Link]
car
dia
[Link]
ingofsei
zur
ethr
eshol
d
164. Adapt
ivechangesi
nbr
ainmonoami
net
urnov
erduet
obl
ockadeofnor
adr
enal
i
ne/
5-HT
r
eupt
akei
scr
edi
tedwi
tht
hef
oll
owi
ngef
fect
:
[Link]
ipsy
chot
ic
[Link]
ianxi
ety
[Link]
ipar
kinsoni
an
[Link]
idepr
essant
165. Themechani
smsi
nvol
vedi
nthecausat
ionofdanger
ouscar
diacar
rhy
thmi
asduet
o
ov
erdoseof
t
ri
cycl
i
cant
idepr
essant
sincl
udet
hef
oll
owi
ngexcept
:
A.I
ntr
avent
ri
cul
arconduct
ionbl
ock
[Link]
ent
iat
ionofnor
adr
enal
i
ne
[Link]
agoni
sm ofacet
ylchol
i
ne
D.I
ncr
easedv
agal
tone
166. Thef
oll
owi
ngdr
ug/
drugsshoul
dnotbeusedt
otr
eatt
ri
cycl
i
cant
idepr
essantdr
ug
poi
soni
ng:
[Link]
nidi
ne
[Link]
goxi
n
[Link]
ropi
ne
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
31.
15Li
mit
ati
onsoft
ypi
cal
tri
cycl
i
cant
idepr
essant
sincl
udet
hef
oll
owi
ngexcept
:
[Link]
rowsaf
etymar
gin
[Link]
albi
oav
ail
abi
l
ity
[Link]
equentsi
deef
fect
s
[Link]
atentper
iodf
orr
esponse
167. Tr
icy
cli
cant
idepr
essant
sabol
i
sht
heant
ihy
per
tensi
veact
ionoft
hef
oll
owi
ngdr
ug:
[Link]
apr
il
[Link]
oni
dine
[Link]
enol
ol
[Link]
l
tiazem
168. Thef
oll
owi
ngi
sat
etr
acy
cli
cant
idepr
essantt
hathasaddi
ti
onal
dopami
nebl
ocki
ngand
neur
olept
icpr
oper
ti
es,
aswel
lasgr
eat
erpr
opensi
tyt
ocausesei
zur
esi
nov
erdose:
[Link]
ne
[Link]
n
[Link]
hiepi
n
[Link]
azodone
169. Thesel
ect
iveser
otoni
nreupt
akei
nhi
bit
orshav
eov
ercomet
hef
oll
owi
ngl
i
mit
ati
on(
s)of
 t
ypi
cal
tri
cycl
i
cant
idepr
essant
s:
[Link]
equentant
ichol
i
ner
gic,
sedat
iveandhy
pot
ensi
vesi
deef
fect
s
[Link]
ghr
iskofcar
diacar
rhy
thmi
asandsei
zur
esi
nov
erdose
[Link]
ayedr
esponse
[Link]
h'A'
and'
B'ar
ecor
rect
170. Adv
ant
agesofsel
ect
iveser
otoni
nreupt
akei
nhi
bit
ors(
SSRI
s)i
ncl
udet
hef
oll
owi
ng
except
:
[Link]
nter
fer
encewi
thej
acul
ati
onandor
gasm
[Link]
nimal
sedat
iveact
ion
[Link]
i
kel
ytocausef
all
inBP
[Link]
zur
epr
eci
pit
ati
ngpot
ent
ial
171. Chooset
hesel
ect
iveser
otoni
nreupt
akei
nhi
bit
ort
hati
slessl
i
kel
ytoi
nhi
bitCYP2D6and
CYP3A4r
esul
ti
ngi
nfewerdr
ugi
nter
act
ions:
[Link]
tral
i
ne
[Link]
oxet
ine
[Link]
uoxet
ine
[Link]
uvoxami
ne
172. Cur
rent
ly,
thesel
ect
iveser
otoni
nreupt
akei
nhi
bit
orsar
ethepr
efer
reddr
ugsf
ort
he
f
oll
owi
ngpsy
chi
atr
icdi
sor
der
/di
sor
der
s:
[Link]
as
[Link]
ve-
compul
siv
edi
sor
der
[Link]
-t
raumat
icst
ressdi
sor
der
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
173. Venl
afaxi
nedi
ff
ersf
rom st
andar
dtr
icy
cli
cant
idepr
essant
sint
hati
t:
[Link]
nhi
bit5-
HTr
eupt
ake
[Link]
nhi
bitnor
adr
enal
i
ner
eupt
ake
[Link]
eant
ichol
i
ner
gicorant
iadr
ener
gicpr
oper
ty
[Link]
owerant
idepr
essantef
fi
cacy
174. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
slabel
l
edasa'
ser
otoni
nandnor
adr
enal
i
ner
eupt
akei
nhi
bit
oror
SNRI
'
:
[Link]
nept
ine
[Link]
afaxi
ne
[Link]
opi
on
[Link]
tal
opr
am
175. Chooset
hedr
ugt
hathasbeenl
abel
l
edasa'
nor
adr
ener
gicandspeci
fi
cser
otoner
gic
ant
idepr
essant
'or'
NaSSA'
:
[Link]
rt
azapi
ne
[Link]
anser
in
[Link]
afaxi
ne
[Link]
tral
i
ne
176. Pr
olongedpai
nful
erect
ionofpeni
shasbeennot
edpar
ti
cul
arl
yasasi
deef
fectof
:
[Link]
n
[Link]
tal
opr
am
[Link]
opi
on
[Link]
azodone
177. Thet
ri
cycl
i
cant
idepr
essant
sar
eal
soef
fect
ivei
nthef
oll
owi
ngpsy
chi
atr
icdi
sor
der
s
except
:
[Link]
zophr
eni
a
[Link]
ve-
compul
siv
edi
sor
der
[Link]
i
mia
[Link]
cst
ates
178. I
ndi
cat
ionsoft
ri
cycl
i
cant
idepr
essant
sincl
udet
hef
oll
owi
ngexcept
:
[Link]
tent
iondef
ici
t-
hyper
act
ivedi
sor
deri
nchi
l
dren
[Link]
a
[Link]
ophy
laxi
sofmi
grai
ne
[Link]
cdi
sor
der
179. Thef
oll
owi
ngst
atementaboutl
i
thi
um i
snotcor
rect
:
A.I
thasasedat
iveact
ioni
nnor
mal
indi
vi
dual
s
B.I
tcont
rol
smani
a,butt
akes1–2weekst
opr
oducet
heef
fect
C.I
thaspr
ophy
lact
icef
fecti
nrecur
rentuni
pol
ardepr
essi
on
D.I
tcanbecombi
nedwi
tht
ri
cycl
i
cant
idepr
essant
sforr
efr
act
orycasesofmaj
ordepr
essi
on
180. Fort
her
apeut
icef
fecti
nmani
cdepr
essi
vei
l
lness,
steady
-st
ateser
um l
i
thi
um
concent
rat
ionshoul
dbemai
ntai
nedbet
ween:
A.0.
2–0.
4mEq/
L
B.0.
5–0.
8mEq/
L
C.1.
0–1.
3mEq/
L
D.1.
5–2.
5mEq/
L
181. Sel
ectt
hepsy
chot
ropi
cdr
ughav
inganar
rowsaf
etymar
gin:
[Link]
orpr
omazi
ne
[Link]
rone
[Link]
thi
um car
bonat
e
[Link]
uoxet
ine
182. Renal
excr
eti
onofl
i
thi
um i
sreducedby
:
[Link]
osemi
de
[Link]
drochl
orot
hiazi
de
C.I
ndomet
haci
n
[Link]
loft
heabov
e
183. Thef
oll
owi
ngdr
ugcanbeusedasanal
ter
nat
ivet
oli
thi
um i
nmani
aandbi
pol
ari
l
lness:
[Link]
bamazepi
ne
[Link]
isopr
odol
[Link]
omi
prami
ne
[Link]
ethy
lcar
bamazi
ne