Chapter 6, Sets
1. (a)
On the Venn diagram, shade the region 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵.
(b) E = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
P = {𝑥: 𝑥 is an even number}
Q = {𝑥: 𝑥 is a prime number}
Complete the Venn diagram.
2. (a) In a class of 40 students:
• 28 wear glasses (G)
• 13 have driving lessons (D)
• 4 do not wear glasses and do not have driving lessons.
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(i) Complete the Venn diagram.
(ii) Use set notation to describe the region that contains a total
of 32 students.
(b) This Venn diagram shows information about the number of students
who play basketball (𝐵), football (𝐹 ) and hockey (𝐻).
Find 𝑛((𝐵 ∪ 𝐹) ∩ 𝐻′ ).
(c)
Shade the region 𝑃 ∪ (𝑄 ∩ 𝑅)′.
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3. (a) Use set notation to describe the shaded region in each Venn
diagram.
(b) E = {x : x is a natural number ≤15}
F = {x : x is a factor of 12}
O = {x : x is an odd number}
(i) Complete the Venn diagram to show the elements of these sets.
(ii) Write down one number that is in set O, but not in set F.
(iii) Find n(𝐹 ∪ 𝑂).
(iv) A number is chosen at random from E. .
Work out the probability that this number is in set O.
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4. The Venn diagram shows information about the number of students in a
class who like apples (A) and bananas (B).
(i) Work out the number of students in the class.
(ii) Work out the number of students who like bananas.
(iii) Work out n(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵).
(iv) How many more students like apples than like bananas?
(v) One of the students is chosen at random. Find the probability that
this student does not like apples and does not like bananas.
5. 𝑥 is an integer.
E = {𝑥 : 41 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 50}
A = {𝑥 : 𝑥 is an odd number}
B = {𝑥 : 𝑥 is a multiple of 3}
C = {𝑥 : 𝑥 is a prime number}
(a) Complete the Venn diagram to show this information.
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(b) List the elements of
(i) 𝐴 ∩ 𝐶,
(ii) (𝐵 ∪ 𝐶)′ .
(c) Find n(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶).
6. E = {children in a group}
𝑅 = {children who own a rabbit}
𝐻 = {children who own a hamster}
There are 40 children in the group.
19 children own a rabbit.
27 children own a hamster.
(a) Complete the Venn diagram.
(b) Write down n(𝑅 ∩ 𝐻).
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7. In this Venn diagram, shade the region 𝑀′ ∪ 𝑁 ∪ 𝑃.
8. Use set notation to describe the shaded region.
9. (i) E = {2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64}
A = {square numbers}
B = {cube numbers}
Use this information to complete the Venn diagram.
(ii) On this Venn diagram, shade the region 𝑃 ∪ 𝑄.
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10. (a) In a group of 40 students,
• 24 students like football
• 19 students like cricket
• 10 students like football but not cricket.
Complete the Venn diagram.
(b) E = {𝑥 : 𝑥 is a positive integer less than 20}
A = { 𝑥 : 𝑥 is an even number}
B = { 𝑥 : 𝑥 is a multiple of 3}
(i) Write down n(A).
(ii) List the elements of set B.
(iii) One of these 19 numbers is picked at random.
Work out the probability that this number is
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(a) not in set A and not in set B,
(b) in A ∪ B.
(iv) Complete the statement.
A ∩ B = { 𝑥 : 𝑥 is………………………………………….}
11. There are 32 students in a class.
5 do not study any languages.
15 study German (G).
18 study Spanish (S).
(i) Complete the Venn diagram to show this information.
(ii) A student is chosen at random.
Find the probability that the student studies Spanish but not
German.
(iii) A student who studies German is chosen at random. Find the
probability that this student also studies Spanish.
12. (a) E = {integers greater than 2}
A = {prime numbers}
B = {odd numbers}
C = {square numbers}
(i) Describe the type of numbers in the set 𝐵′ ∩ 𝐶.
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(ii) Complete the set labels on the Venn diagram.
(b)
Shade the region 𝐷′ ∪ (𝐸 ∩ 𝐹)′ .
13. (a) In the Venn diagram, shade the region 𝑃′ ∪ 𝑄.
(b) There are 50 students in a group.
34 have a mobile phone (M).
39 have a computer (C).
5 have no mobile phone and no computer.
Complete the Venn diagram to show this information.
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(c) The Venn diagram shows the number of students in a group of 30
who have brothers (B), sisters (S) or cousins (C).
(i) Write down the number of students who have brothers.
(ii) Write down the number of students who have cousins but do
not have sisters.
(iii) Find n(𝐵 ∪ 𝑆 ∪ 𝐶)′ .
(iv) Use set notation to describe the set of students who have both
cousins and sisters but do not have brothers.
(v) One student is picked at random from the 30 students. Find
the probability that this student has cousins.
(vi) Two students are picked at random from the students who
have cousins. Calculate the probability that both these
students have brothers.
(vii) One student is picked at random from the 30 students.
Event A This student has sisters.
Event B This student has cousins but does not have
brothers.
Explain why event A and event B are equally likely.
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