Solution

VOLUME 1 TEST (2024-25) SET C

Class 12 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(b) {2, 5, 8}
Explanation: We have,
A = {x ∈ Z : 0 < x ≤ 10} and a relation
R = {(a, b) : a, b ∈ A, |a - b| is divisible by 3}.
∴ The equivalence class of {2}

= {a ∈ A : |2 - a| is divisible by 3}
= {2, 5, 8}
2.
(d) 24
Explanation: Number of one-one onto function = 4! = 24
[Note: One-one onto function (bijective) from A to B is possible if A and B have same number of elements.]
3.
π π
(d) (− 2
,
2
)

Explanation: f(x) = tan −1

(
2x

2
) = 2 tan-1x
1−x

f(x) is one-one and onto

i.e., f'(x) > 0 or f'(x) < 0 and co-domain = range of f(x)
B = f(-1, 1) = (2 tan-1(-1), 2 tan-1(1))
π π π π
= (2 × (− ),2 × ) = (− , )
4 4 2 2

4.
7
(c) 24

Explanation: We have to find,

cot (cos-1)
7

25

Let, cos-1 (
7

25
)=A
7
⇒ cos A =
25

Also,cot A = cot (cos-1(

7

25
))
−−−−−−− −
As, sin A = √1 − cos2 A
−−−−−−− −
2

So, sin A = √1 − ( 7

25
)

−−−−−−
49
⇒ sin A = √1 −
625
−−−−−
625−49
⇒ sin A = √
625
−−
−
576
⇒ sin A = √
625

24
⇒ sin A =
25

We need to find cot A

cot A = cos A

sin A
7
( )
25
⇒ cot A =
24
( )
25

7
⇒ cot A =
24

So, cot (cos-1 ( 25

7
)) =
24
7

5. (a) [-1, 2)
Explanation: Domain of sin-1 x is [-1, 1].

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 ∴ Domain of sin-1 [x] is {x : -1 ≤ [x] ≤ 1}
⎧ −1
⎪
∀ −1 ≤ x < 0

But [x] = ⎨ 0 ∀ 0 ≤ x < 1

⎩
⎪
1 ∀ 1 ≤ x < 2

∴ Domain of sin-1 [x] is [-1, 2)

6.
(b) π

Explanation: sin-1 1

2
= α , say ⇒ sin α = 1

2
= sin π

6
π π π
⇒ α = ∈ ∣
∣− , ∣
∣
6 2 2

⇒ Principal value of sin-1 1

2
is π

6
.
7.
(d) 0
Explanation: 0
8.
(d) 1
Explanation: 1
9.
(c) 8
Explanation: 8
10.
(c) -12, -2
∣2 −6 1∣
∣ ∣
Explanation: 1
5 4 1 = 35
2 ∣ ∣
∣k 4 1∣

∣2 −6 1∣
∣ ∣
5 4 1 = 70
∣ ∣
∣k 4 1∣

|2(4 − 4) + 6(5 − k) + 1(20 − 4k)| = 70

|50 − 10k| = 70

50 - 10k = ± 70
k = -12,-2
11.
∣ s −q ∣
(b) ∣ ∣
∣ −r p ∣

∣ s −q ∣
Explanation: ∣ ∣
∣ −r p ∣

12. (a) 16
Explanation: Since, A is a square matrix of order 3 i.e. n = 3
we know that
|adj A| = (A)n-1
2

|adj (adj A)| = |A| (n−1)

=2 (3−1)
...(∵ |A| = 2)
= 24
= 16
13.
(d) 6x2 sin x3 cos x3
Explanation: 6x2 sin (x3) cos (x3)
y = sin2 (x3)
dy d
3 3
= 2sin(x ) sin(x )
dx dx

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 3 3 d 3
= 2sin(x )cos(x ) x
dx

3 3 2
= 2sin(x )cos(x )(3x )

=6x2 sin (x3) cos (x3)

y
14. (a) x
y
Explanation: x

x+y
tan ( x−y
) =k
x+y
(
x−y
)
= tan-1k
d x+y

dx
(
x−y
)
= dx
d
tan
−1
x

d d
(x−y) (x+y)−(x+y) (x−y)
dx dx
= 0
2
(x−y)

dy dy
(x − y)(1 + ) − (x + y)(1 − )= 0
dx dx
dy dy
(x − y)(1 + ) = (x + y)(1 − )
dx dx
dy dy
(x − y) + (x − y) = (x + y) − (x − y)
dx dx
dy
[(x − y) + (x − y)] = x + y − x + y
dx
dy
2x dx
= 2y
dy y
=
dx x

15.
(d) continuous but not differentiable at x = 0.
Explanation: Continuous but not differentiable at x = 0.
f(x) = |x| - x
|x| is a continuous function at x=0
x is a continuous function at x=0
∵ f(x) is continuous function at x=0

x − x if x ≥ 0
f (x) = {
−x − x if x < 0

0 if x ≥ 0
f (x) = {
−2x if x < 0

Therefore, at x=0 f(x) is continuous. However, f(x) is not differentiable at x=0 because the left and right derivatives are not
equal.
Specifically, the left derivative is -2 and the right derivative is O, so the function is not differentiable at x=0

16.
(c) (−∞ , 0)
Explanation: (−∞ , 0)
We have
f(x) = a(x - cos x)
Strictly decreasing in R i.e. f'(x) <0
So, f'(x) = a(1+sin x)
We know that
-1 ≤ sin x≤ 1
-1+1 ≤ 1+sin x≤ 1+1
0 ≤ 1+sin x≤ 2
0.a ≤ a(1+sin x)≤ 2a
0 ≤ a(1+sin x)≤ 2a
Since 1+sin x is always greater and equal to 0. so a must be negative i.e. a<0
Therefore, the range of value for a such that f(x) = a (x-cosx) is strictly decreasing in R is a<0, where a ∈ (−∞, 0)
17. (a) R
Explanation: R

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18.
(b) (−∞ , 2] ∪ [3, ∞ )
Explanation: Given, f(x) = 2x3 - 15x2 + 36x + 6
∴ f'(x) = 6x2 - 30x + 36
It f'(x) ≥ 0, then f(x) is increasing.
So, 6x2 - 30x + 36 ≥ 0

or, x2 - 5x + 36 > 0
or, (x - 3)(x - 2) > 0
∴ x ∈ (−∞ , 2] ∪ [3, ∞ )
19.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: f(x) is a one-one function if
f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ x1 = x2
Hence R is false.
Let f (x1) = f(x2) for some x1, x2 ∈ R

⇒ (x1)3 = (x2)3
⇒ x1 = x2
Hence f(x) is one-one.
20.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
A: The maximum value of (cos-1 x) 2 is π (true) 2

R: Range of the principal value branch of cos-1x is [

−π

2
,
π

2
] . (false)
The range of the principal value branch of cos-1x is [−π, π] .

Section B
21. Let R = {(Δ 1, Δ2 ) : Δ1 ∼ Δ2 } be a relation defined on A.
Now,
For reflexivity:
R is Reflexive if (Δ, Δ) ⊆ R ∀Δ ⊆ A
We observe that for each Δ ∈ A we have,
Δ ∼ Δ since, every triangle is similar to itself.

= (Δ, Δ) ∈ R∀Δ ∈ A

⇒ R is reflexive.
For symmetry:
R is Symmetric if (Δ 1, Δ2 ) ∈ R ⇒ (Δ2 , Δ1 ) ∈ R, ∀ Δ1 , Δ2 ∈ A

Let Δ ∼ Δ1 2

=Δ ∼Δ1 2

=Δ ∼Δ2 1

⇒ (Δ2 , Δ1 ) ∈ R

⇒ R is symmetric
For Transitivity:
R is Transitive if (Δ 1, Δ2 ) ∈ R and (Q2 , Δ3 ) ∈ R ⇒ (Δ1 , Δ3 ) ∈ R ≠ A1 , Δ2 , A3 ∈ A

(Δ1 , Δ2 ) ∈ R and ((Δ2 , Δ3 ) ∈ R∀ Δ1 , Δ2 , Δ3 ∈ A

⇒ Δ1 ∼ Δ2 and Δ2 − Δ3

⇒ Δ1 ∼ Δ3

⇒ Δ1 ∼ Δ3

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 = R is transitive.
Since R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive, it is an equivalence relation on A
22. Principal value branch of sin1 x is [− π

2
,
π

2
]

And its graph is given here

3 1 3 1 8 5
23. A 2
= [ ][ ] = [ ]
−1 2 −1 2 −5 3

15 5 7 0
5A = [ ] , 71 = [ ]
−5 10 0 7

0 0
⇒ A2 - 5A + 7I = [ ]= 0
0 0

⇒ A-1(A2 - 5A + 7) = A-1 0
⇒ A - 5t + 7A-1 = 0
⇒ 7A-1 = 5I - A
1
5 0 3 1
−1
⇒ A = ([ ]− [ ])
7
0 5 −1 2

1
2 −1
−1
⇒ A = [ ]
7
1 3

24. |A| = p2 - 4
|A3| = 125 ⇒ |A|3 = 125 ⇒ |A| = 5
∴ p2 - 4 = 5 ⇒ p = ± 3
x−2
25. Given: f (x) = x+1
, x ≠ −1

(x+1)×1−(x−2)×1 3
′
⇒ f (x) = = , x ≠ −1
2 2
(x+1) (x+1)

′ 3
f (x) = > 0 for all x ∈ R − | − 1|
2
(x+1)

So, f(x) is increasing on R − {−1}

Now, we have to find the intervals in which f (x) = x

2
+
2

x
,x ≠ 0 is increasing or decreasing
x 2
f (x) = +
2 x
2
′ 1 2 x −4
f (x) = − =
2 2 2
x 2x
2
x −4
> 0
2
2x

2
⇒ x − 4 > 0

⇒ (x − 2)(x + 2) > 0

⇒ x < −2 or , x > 2

⇒ x ∈ (−∞, −2) ∪ (2, ∞)

So, f(x) is increasing on (−∞, −2) ∪ (2, ∞)

2
x −4
< 0
2x2

2
x − 4 < 0

⇒ (x − 2)(x + 2) < 0

⇒ x ∈ (−2, 2)

But, domain (f) = R − {0}. So, f (x) is decreasing on (−2, 0) ∪ (0, 2)

OR

5 / 14
 Let ABC be the given triangle with AB = a, BC = b and ∠ ABC = θ.
AD is perpendicular to BC.
∴ BD = a sinθ

Now,
Area of △ABC = 1

2
× BC × AD
⇒ A= 1

2
b × a sin θ ...(i)
∵
dA
= 1

2
ab cos θ
dθ

For maxima and minima,

dA

dθ
=0
⇒
1

2
ab cosθ = 0
⇒ cosθ = 0
⇒ θ =
π

Now,
2
d A

2
= −
1

2
ab sinθ
dθ
2

At θ = π

2
, d A

2
= −
1

2
ab < 0
dθ
π
∵ θ = 2
is point of local maxima
∵ Maximum area of △ = 1

2
ab sin π

2
=
1

2
ab.
Section C
26. R = {(a, b): both a and b are either odd or even}
for reflexive: Let a ∈ A
clearly both a and a are either odd or even
∴ (a, a) ∈ R ⇒ R is reflexive.

for symmetric: Let a, b ∈ A. Let (a, b) ∈ R

⇒ both a and b are either odd or even

⇒ both b and a are either odd or even

so, (a, b) ∈ R ⇒ (b, a) ∈ R ⇒ R is symmetric.

for transitive: Let a, b, c ∈ A. Let (a, b) ∈ R, (b, c) ∈ R
⇒ both a and b are either odd or even & both b and c are either odd or even

⇒ both a and c are either odd or even

so ,(a, b) ∈ R, (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ (a, c) ∈ R ⇒ R is transitive.

equivalence class of [1] = {1, 3, 5, 7}
OR
1+1
f(1) = 2
=1
f(2) = 2

2
= 1

Two different elements have same image.

f is not one - one.
For any x ∈ N, 2x ∈ N such that f(2x) = 2x

2
= x

This implies range(f) = N and therefore f is onto.

Hence, f is not bijective.
27. Let us consider tan-1(1) = x then we obtain
tan x = 1 = tan π

We know that range of the principle value branch of tan-1 is [− π

2
,
π

2
]

Thus, tan-1 (1) = π

Let cos −1
(−
1

2
)= y

cos y = − 1

2
= cos(π −
π

3
) = cos(
2π

3
)

We know that range of the principle value branch of cos-1 is [0, π ]

1 2π
Thus, cos −1
(−
2
)=
3

Let sin-1 (− 1

2
)= z

π π
sin z = − sin = sin(− )
6 6

6 / 14
 We know that range of the principle value branch of sin-1 is [− π

2
,
π

2
]

Thus, sin-1 (− 1 π
)= −
2 6

Now,we have
−1 −1 1 1
tan (1) + cos (− ) + sin(− )
2 2
3π+8π−2π
= π

4
+
2π

3
−
π

6
=
12
=
9π

12
=
3π

2 −1 −1 −8
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

28. According to the question we are required to find matrix A such that ⎢ 1 0 ⎥A = ⎢ 1 −2 ⎥ .
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−3 4 9 22

Let us take the order of matrix A as m× n ,therefore, m = 2, n = 2.

x y
Let A = [ ] ...(i)
s t

2 −1 −1 −8
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
∴ ⎢ 1 0 ⎥A = ⎢ 1 −2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−3 4 9 22

2 −1 −1 −8
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
x y
⇒ ⎢ 1 0 ⎥[ ]= ⎢ 1 −2 ⎥
s t
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−3 4 9 22

2x − s 2y − t −1 −8
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⇒ ⎢ x y ⎥ = ⎢ 1 −2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−3x + 4s −3y + 4t 9 22

Therefore,on equating corresponding elements both sides, we get,

2 - s = -1, x = 1, y = -2 and 2y - t = -8
At x = 1, 2x - s = -1 ⇒ 2× 1 - s = -1
⇒ -s = -1 - 2 ⇒ s = 3 and at y = -2, 2y - t = -8,
⇒ 2× (-2) - t = -8 ⇒ -4 - t = -8 ⇒ t = 4

Therefore,on putting x = 1, y = -2, s = 3 and t = 4 in Eq. (i),

1 −2
we get, A = [ ]
3 4

−4 4 4 1 −1 1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

29. According to the question,we have to determine the product of ⎢ −7 1 3 ⎥ and ⎢ 1 −2 −2 ⎥

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
5 −3 −1 2 1 3

and then using it we have to solve the system of equations x- y + z = 4, x- 2y- 2z = 9 and 2x + y + 3z = 1.
−4 4 4 1 −1 1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
Let B = ⎢ −7 1 3 ⎥ and A = ⎢ 1 −2 −2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
5 −3 −1 2 1 3

−4 4 4 1 −1 1
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤

Now, BA =⎢ −7 1 3 ⎥⎢1 −2 −2 ⎥

⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
5 −3 −1 2 1 3

−4 + 4 + 8 4 − 8 + 4 −4 − 8 + 12
⎡ ⎤

= ⎢ −7 + 1 + 6 7 − 2 + 3 −7 − 2 + 9 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
5 − 3 − 2 −5 + 6 − 1 5 + 6 − 3

8 0 0 1 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
= ⎢0 8 0⎥ = 8⎢0 1 0 ⎥ = 8I
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 0 8 0 0 1

⇒ BA= 8I
⇒ BA(A-1) = 8lA-1
[post-multiplying both sides by A-1]
⇒ B(AA-1) = 8IA-1
⇒ B = 8A-1 [∵ AA −1
= I]

−4 4 4
⎡ ⎤
−1 1
∴ A = ⎢ −7 1 3⎥
8
⎣ ⎦
5 −3 −1

7 / 14
 −4 4 4 4
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤
1
Hence, X = 8
⎢ −7 1 3⎥⎢9⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
5 −3 −1 1

x −16 + 36 + 4 24 3
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
1 1
⇒ ⎢y ⎥ = ⎢ −28 + 9 + 3 ⎥ = ⎢ −16 ⎥ = ⎢ −2 ⎥
8 8
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
z 20 − 27 − 1 −8 −1

Therefore,on comparing corresponding elements, we get x = 3, y = - 2 andz = - 1

2
6x−4√1−4x
30. Given y = sin −1
[
5
]

Put, x = 1

2
sin θ

2
sin θ sin θ
⎡ 6× −4√1−4×( ) ⎤
2 2

Therefore, y = sin −1
⎢
5
⎥
⎣ ⎦

2
3 sin θ−4√1− sin θ
−1
= sin ( )
5

−1 3 sin θ−4 cos θ

= sin ( )
5

= sin
−1
(
3

5
sin θ −
4

5
cos θ) ...........(i)
−−−−−− −−
2
3 −−−−−−− − 3
Let cos ϕ = 5
, therefore,sinϕ = √1 − cos 2
ϕ = √1 − ( )
5

−−−−− −−
9 16 4
= √1 − = √ =
25 25 5

Now, Eq(i) becomes,

y = sin −1
(cos ϕ sin θ − sin ϕ cos θ)
−1
= sin [sin(θ − ϕ)] = θ − ϕ

−1 −1 3
⇒ y = sin (2x) − cos ( )
5

Therefore,on differentiating both sides w.r.t x, we get,

dy 1 d
= (2x) − 0
dx 2 dx
√1−(2x)

2
=
√1−4x2

31. Let radius = r & height = h

πr h = 125π or h =
2 125

r2

Surface Area, S = 2πrh + πr 2

250π
S= r
+ πr
2

dS −250π
= + 2πr
dr 2
r
dS
=0⇒r=5
dr
2
d S

2
=
500π
+ 2π > 0 so s is least
dr r3

when r = 5 cm, gives h = 5 cm

Section D
32. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
A trust fund has ₹ 35000 that must be invested in two different types of bonds, say X and Y. The first bond pays 10% interest p.a.
which will be given to an old age home and second one pays 8% interest p.a. which will be given to WWA (Women Welfare
Association). Let A be a 1 × 2 matrix and B be a 2 × 1 matrix, representing the investment and interest rate on each bond
respectively.

(i) If ₹15000 is invested in bond X, then the amount invested in bond Y = ₹(35000 - 15000) = ₹20000
Invest rate
X Y
X 0.1
Investment A = [ 15000 20000 ] ;B= [ ]
Y 0.08

(ii) The amount of interest received on each bond is given by

0.1
AB = [15000 20000] × [ ]
0.08

8 / 14
 = [15000 × 0.1 + 20000 × 0.08] = [1500 + 1600] = 3100
(iii)Let ₹x be invested in bond X and then ₹(35000 - x) will be invested in bond Y.
Now, total amount of interest is given by
0.1
[x 35000 - x] [ ] = [0.1x + (35000 - x) 0.08]
0.08

But, it is given that total amount of interest = ₹3200

∴ 0.1x + 2800 - 0.08x = 3200

⇒ 0.02 x = 400 ⇒ x = 20000

Thus, ₹20000 invested in bond X and ₹35000 - ₹20000

= ₹15000 invested in bond Y.
(iv)Let ₹x invested in bond X, then we have
10
x× = 500 ⇒ x = 5000
100

Thus, the amount invested in bond X is ₹5000 and so investment in bond Y be ₹(35000 - 5000) = ₹30000
33. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Each triangular face of the Pyramid of Peace in Kazakhstan is made up of 25 smaller equilateral triangles as shown in the figure.

(i) ∣ ∣ x1 y1 1 ∣∣
∣ ∣ ∣∣
Area of triangle is given by ∣ 1

2 ∣
x2 y2 1
∣∣
∣ ∣ x3 y3 1 ∣∣

∣ ∣0 0 1 ∣∣
∣ ∣ – ∣∣
∴ Required area = ∣ 1

2 ∣
3 √3 1
∣∣
–
∣3 ∣ − √3 1 ∣∣
– –
= ∣∣ 1

2
[1(−3√3 − 3√3)]∣
∣ [Expanding along R1]
–
=3 sq. units.
√3

(ii) Since a face of the Pyramid consist of 25 smaller equilateral triangles.

– –
∴ Required area = 25 × 3√3 = 75√3 sq. units.

(iii)Area of equilateral triangle = √3

a2
4

a2 ⇒ a2 = 12 ⇒ a = 2√3
– √3 –
∴ 3√3 = 4

Let h be the length of altitude of a smaller equilateral triangle. Then,

–
× base × height = 3√3
1

2
– –
⇒
1

2
× 2√3 × h = 3√3 ⇒ h = 3 units
(iv) ∣a 0 1∣
1 ∣ ∣
Area of ΔABC = 2 ∣
0 b 1
∣
∣1 1 1∣

= 1

2
[a (b - 1) - 0 + 1 (0 - b)] = 1

2
(ab - a - b) = 0 [∵ 1

a
+
1

b
= 1 ⇒ b + a = ab]
∴ Points A, B and C are collinear.
34. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
A gardener wants to construct a rectangular bed of garden in a circular patch of land. He takes the maximum perimeter of the
rectangular region as possible. (Refer to the images given below for calculations)

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 (i) Let ‘y’ be the breadth and ‘x’ be the length of rectangle and ‘a’ is radius of given circle.
From fig 4a2 = x2 + y2
⇒ y2 = 4a2 - x2
−−−−−−−
⇒ y = √4a 2
− x
2

−−−−−−−
Perimeter (P) = 2x + 2y = 2 (x + √4a 2 2
− x )

−−− −−−−
(ii) We know that P = 2 (x + √4a 2 2
− x )

Critical points to maximize perimeter dP

dx
=0
dp
⇒
dx
= 2 (1 +
1

2 2
(−2x)) =0
2√4a − x

√4a2 − x2 −x
2( ) =0
√4a2 − x2

−−− −−−−
2
⇒ √4a − x
2
=x
⇒ 4a2 - x2 = x2
⇒ 2a2 = x2
−−
⇒ x = ± √2a
−− −−
when x = √2a , y = √2a
−− −− −−
when x = −√2a not possible as 'x' is length critical point is (√2a , √2a )
(iii) dp 1
= 2 (1 + (−2x))
dx 2 2
2√4a − x

⎛ ⎞
⎛ √4a2 − x2 −(x)
−2x ⎞
⎝ 2√42 −x2 ⎠
d
2
P
⎜ ⎟
= −2 ⎜ ⎟
2 ⎜ 2 2 ⎟
dx (4a − x )
⎜ ⎟

⎝ ⎠

2 2 2
(4a − x )+ x

= −2 ( 3/2
)
(4a2 − x2 )

2 2
d P 4a −2
⇒
2
] = −2 ( 3/2
) = < 0
dx x=a√2 2 2 (2√2)a
(4a −2a )

Perimeter is maximum at a critical point.

–
(iv)From the above results know that x = y = √2a
a = radius
–
Here, x = y = 10√2
–
Perimeter = P = 4 × side = 40√2 cm​​
Section E
35. i. Given: a ij =
1

2
|−3i + j| ……….(i)
Putting i = 1, j = 1 in eq. (i) a 11 =
1

2
|−3 + 1| =
1

2
|−2| =
1

2
(2) = 1

Putting i = 1, j = 2 in eq. (i) a 12 =

1

2
|−3 + 2| =
1

2
|−1| =
1

2
(1) =
1

2
1 1 1
Putting i = 1, j = 3 in eq. (i) a 13 =
2
|−3 + 3| =
2
|0| =
2
(0) = 0

Putting i =1, j = 4 in eq. (i) a 14 =

1

2
|−3 + 4| =
1

2
|1| =
1

2
(1) =
1

Putting i = 2, j = 1 in eq. (i) a 21 =

1

2
|−6 + 1| =
1

2
|−5| =
1

2
(5) =
5

Putting i = 2, j = 2 in eq. (i) a 22 =

1

2
|−6 + 2| =
1

2
|−4| =
1

2
(4) = 2

Putting i = 2, j = 3 in eq. (i) a 23

=
1

2
|−6 + 3| =
1

2
|−3| =
1

2
(3) =
3

Putting i = 2, j = 4 in eq. (i) a 24 =

1

2
|−6 + 4| =
1

2
|−2| =
1

2
(2) = 1

Putting i = 3, j = 1 in eq. (i) a 31 =

1

2
|−9 + 1| =
1

2
|−8| =
1

2
(8) = 4

1 1 1 7
Putting i = 3, j = 2 in eq. (i) a 32 =
2
|−9 + 2| =
2
|−7| =
2
(7) =
2

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 Putting i = 3, j = 3 in eq. (i) a 33 =
1

2
|−9 + 3| =
1

2
|−6| =
1

2
(6) = 3

5
Putting i = 3, j = 4 in eq. (i) a 34 =
1

2
|−9 + 4| =
1

2
|−5| =
1

2
(5) =
2
1 1
⎡ 1 0 ⎤
a11 a12 a13 a14 2 2
⎡ ⎤
⎢ 5 3 ⎥
∴ A3×4 = [a34 ] = ⎢ a21 a22 a23 a24 ⎥ = ⎢ 2 1 ⎥
⎢ 2 2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 5
a31 a32 a33 a34 7
⎣ 4 3 ⎦
2 2

ii. Given: a = 2i − j ……….(i)

ij

Putting i = 1, j = 1 in eq. (i) a11 = 2 - 1 = 1

Putting i = 1, j = 2 in eq. (i) a12 = 2 - 2 = 0
Putting i = 1, j = 3 in eq. (i) a13 = 2 - 3 = -1
Putting i = 1, j = 4 in eq. (i) a14 = 2 - 4 = -2
Putting i = 2, j = 1 in eq. (i) a21 = 4 - 3 = 3
Putting i = 2, j = 2 in eq. (i) a22 = 4 - 2 = 2
Putting i = 2, j = 3 in eq. (i) a23 = 4 - 3 = 1
Putting i = 2, j = 4 in eq. (i) a24 = 4 - 4 = 0
Putting i = 3, j = 1 in eq. (i) a31 = 6 - 1 = 5
Putting i = 3, j = 2 in eq. (i) a32 = 6 - 2 = 4
Putting i = 3, j = 3 in eq. (i) a33 = 6 - 3 = 3
Putting i = 3, j = 4 in eq. (i) a34 = 6 - 4 = 2
a11 a12 a13 a14 1 0 −1 −2
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
∴ A3×4 = [a34 ] = ⎢ a21 a22 a23 a24 ⎥ ⎢ 3 2 1 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
a31 a32 a33 a34 5 4 3 2

36. Let the three numbers be x,y and [Link],

x+y+z=6
y + 3z = 11
x + z = 2y
This system can be written as AX = B whose
1 1 1 x 6
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
A= ⎢0 1 3 ⎥ X = ⎢ y ⎥ B = ⎢ 11 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
1 −2 1 z 0

|A| = 9 ≠ 0

A11 = 7, A12 = 3, A13 = −1

A21 = −3, A22 = 0, A23 = 3

A31 = 2, A32 = −3, A33 = 1

7 −3 2
⎡ ⎤

adjA = ⎢ 3 0 −3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−1 3 1

7 −3 2
⎡ ⎤
−1 1 1
A = adjA = ⎢ 3 0 −3 ⎥
|A| 9
⎣ ⎦
−1 3 1
−1
X = A B

x 7 −3 2 6
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤
1
⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢ 3 0 −3 ⎥ ⎢ 11 ⎥
9
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
z −1 3 1 0

x 1
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢2⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
z 3

x=1, y=2, z=3

OR

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 For the given system of equations, we have
∣2 a 6∣
∣ ∣
D = ∣1 2 b
∣
∣1 1 3∣

⇒ D = 2(6 - b) -a(3 - b) + 6(1 - 2)

⇒ D = 12 - 2b - 3a + ab - 6 = 6 - 3a - 2b + ab = (b - 3)(a - 2)
∣8 a 6∣
∣ ∣
D1 = ∣ 5 2 b
∣
∣4 1 3∣

⇒ D1 = 8(6 - b) - a(15 - 4b) + 6(5 - 8)

⇒ D1 = 48 − 8b − 15a + 4ab − 18 = 30 − 15a − 8b + 4ab = (a − 2)(4b − 15)
∣2 8 6∣
∣ ∣
D2 = 1 5 b
∣ ∣
∣1 4 3∣

⇒ D2 = 2(15 − 4b) − 8(3 − b) + 6(4 − 5) = 30 − 8b − 24 + 8b − 6 = 0

∣2 a 8∣
∣ ∣
and, D3 = ∣ 1 2 5
∣
= 2(8 − 5) − a(4 − 5) + 8(1 − 2) = 6 + a − 8 = a − 2
∣1 1 4∣

i. For unique solution, we must have

D ≠ 0 ⇒ (a - 2) (b - 3) ≠ 0 ⇒ a ≠ 2, b ≠ 3
ii. For infinitely many solutions, we must have
D = D1 = D2 = D3 = 0
⇒ (a - 2)(b - 3) = 0, (a - 2)(4b - 15) = 0 and a - 2 = 0
⇒ a=2
Putting a = 2 in the given system of equations, we obtain
2x + 2y + 6z = 8
x + 2y + bz = 5
x + y + 3z = 4
This system is equivalent to the system
x + y + 3z = 4
x + 2y + bz = 5
Putting z = k, we get
x + y = 4 - 3k
x + 2y = 5 - bk
Solving these two equations, we get
x = 3 - 6k + bk, y = 1 - bk + 3k
Thus, the given system has infinitely many solutions given by
x = 3 - 6k + bk, y = 1 - bk + 3k, z = k, where k ∈ R.
Hence, the system has infinitely many solutions for a = 2
iii. For no solution, we must have
D = 0 and at least one of D1, D2 and D3 is non-zero.
Clearly, for b = 3, we have
D = 0 and D3 ≠ 0.
Hence, the system has no solution for b = 3.

37. Given: (log x)x + xlog x

Let y = (log x)x + xlog x
Let y = u + v
⇒ u = (log x)x and v = xlog x
For, u = (log x)x
Taking log on both sides, we get
log u = log (log x)x

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 ⇒ log u = [Link] (log (x))
Now, differentiate both sides with respect to x
d d
(log u) = [x ⋅ log(log x)]
dx dx

1 du d d
⇒ = x⋅ log(log x)) + log(log x) ⋅ (x)
u dx dx dx

du 1 d
⇒ = u [x ⋅ (log x) + log(log x) ⋅ (1)]
dx log x dx

du x x 1
⇒ = (log x) [ ⋅ + log(log x) ⋅ (1)]
dx log x x

du 1+log(log x)⋅(log x)
x
⇒ = (log x) [ ]
dx log x

du x−1
⇒ = (log x) [1 + log x ⋅ log(log x)]
dx

For, v = xlog x
Taking log on both sides, we get
log v = log (xlog x)
⇒ log v = log x. log x

Now, differentiate both sides with respect to x

d d 2
(log v) = [(log x) ]
dx dx
1 dv d
⇒ = 2 ⋅ log x (log x)
v dx dx

dv log x
⇒ = v [2 ⋅ ]
dx x

dv log x
log x
⇒ = x [2 ⋅ ]
dx x

dv log x−1
⇒ = 2 ⋅ x ⋅ log x
dx

Because, y = u + v
dy du dv
⇒ = +
dx dx dx
dy
x−1 log x−1
⇒ = (log x) [1 + log x ⋅ log(log x)] + 2 ⋅ x ⋅ log x
dx

OR
The right hand limit of f at x = 0 is given by
1

e x −1
lim f (x) = lim
1
+ +
x→0 x→0
e x +1
1
1−
1 −1

e x 1−e x 1−0
= lim = lim = = 1
+ 1 + −1 1+0
x→0 1+ x→0
1 1+e x

e x

Also,f(0)=0
Thus lim f (x) ≠ f (0) . Hence f is discontinuous at x = 0.
+
x→0

38. Let x and y be the length and width of rectangular base, v be the volume.
v = 8 (Given)
v = 2xy
8 = 2xy
4
y =
x

s = (xy) × 70 + 2(x + y) × 45

4 4
= x × × 70 + 90 (x + )
x x

4
= 280 + 90 (x + )
x

ds 4
= 0 + 90 (1 − )
dx x2

2
8
= d s

2
= 90 (0 +
3
)
dx x

For maximum/minimum
ds
= 0
dx

x=2
2
d s 720
( ) = > 0
2 3
dx x=2 2

s is Minimum at x = 2
Minimum cost is given by
4
s = 280 + 90 (2 + )
2

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= 280 + 90 (4)
= 280 + 360
= 640

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