MATH 2nd E.S.O.

Name:…………..…………………………………………………………………… Date ………………………..

A SPECIAL PIZZERIA
Luigi has a pizzeria called “πr -Pizza” , so it’s clear that he is a freak of Math.
2

He is a very particular pizza maker because he always uses Math to increase his
sales and to improve service. And do you know what? It works!!

Luigi tiene una pizzería llamada XXX, así que está claro que es un friki de las matemáticas. Es
un pizzero muy particular porque siempre utiliza las Matemáticas para aumentar sus ventas y
mejorar el servicio. ¿Y sabes qué? ¡Funciona!

1. Delivery time Tiempo de entrega

“πr -Pizza” has home delivery. The restaurant has an App that registers the time
2

taken to get every home delivery to the clients and displays a graph.

“πr -Pizza” tiene envío a domicilio. El restaurante tiene una App que registra el
2

tiempo que se tarda en llevar el pedido a los clientes y lo visualiza en un gráfico:

Home delivery time (minutes)

30

25 24
Number of clientes

20

15 12
10 8

5 4
2
0
[0,10) [10,20) [20,30) [30,40) [40,50)
Time

(a) What is the name of the graph?. What type of stat variable is in investigation? ¿Cuál es el nombre del
gráfico? ¿Qué tipo de variable estadística se está estudiando?

It’s a histogram. The stat variable in investigation is numerical continuous.

(b) Construct a frequency table, including relative frequencies in percents. Construye una tabla de
frecuencias, incluyendo las frecuencias relativas en porcentaje.
To work out the column ri(%), we first convert 2/50 to percent and next we use proportionality. That is:

2
• · 100=2 · 2=4 %
50
4
• · 100=8 %, because it is twice the previous percent, ...
50

(c) Work out time delivery average completing the previous frequency table. Completando la tabla de
frecuencias anterior, halla el promedio de tiempo de entrega.

1010
Average: x̄= ≃20.2 minutes
50

The delivery time average is 20.2 minutes.

(d) What is the most common delivery time lapse? Which stat parameter corresponds to it? ¿Cuál es el
intervalo de tiempo de entrega más común? ¿Qué parámetro estadístico le corresponde?

The most common delivery time lapse is [10,20) minutes. The mode is the stat parameter that corresponds
to it.
2. Luigi’s new pizza La nueva pizza de Luigi

Luigi is trying to create a new tropical pizza, but he can’t decide the fruit to add:
banana, pineapple or papaya, so he is going to do it at random, rolling a dice and
flipping a coin simultaneously.

Luigi está intentando crear una nueva pizza tropical, pero no se decide sobre la fruta que le
va a poner: plátano, piña o papaya, por lo que lo va a hacer aleatoriamente, tirando un
dado y una moneda simultáneamente.

(a) Describe the sample space by using a grid. Describe el espacio muestral usando una rejilla.

There are 12 possible outcomes:

S = {(H,1), (H,2), (H,3), (H,4), (H,5), (H,6), (T,1), (T,2), (T,3), (T,4), (T,5), (T,6)}

(b) The table below shows his decision: La tabla de abajo muestra su decisión:

Outcomes (resultados) Fruit

Head and odd number (Cara y número impar) Banana
Tail or even number (Cruz o número par) Papaya
A number more than 2 (Un número mayor que 2) Pineapple (piña)

Which is the fruit with the higher chance to be chosen? ¿Cuál es la fruta con mayor probabilidad de ser
elegida?

• B = “Banana”. The favorable outcomes for head and odd number are: (H,1), (H,3) and (H,5). Then:

3 1
p(B)= = → p(B)=25 %. So, the chance for banana is 25%.
12 4

• PY = “Papaya”. The favorable outcomes for tail or even number are: (T,1),(T,2), (T,3), (T,4), (T,5),
(T,6), (H,2), (H,4), (H,6). Then:

9 3
p( PY )= = → p( PY )=75 %. So, the chance for papaya is 75%.
12 4
 • PA = “Pineapple”. The favorable outcomes for a number more than 2 are: (H,3), (H,4), (H,5), (H,6),
(T,3), (T,4), (T,5), (T,6) Then:

8 2
p( PA )= = → p( PA )≃66.67 %. So, the chance for pineapple is 66.67%.
12 3

Finally, papaya is the fruit with the higher probability to be chosen.

3. Measuring the success Midiendo el éxito

Luigi has created the new pizza "Roma" and wants to know if the customers like it.
To do this, he records the number of "Roma" pizzas ordered at each of the twenty
tables of the restaurant on the night of the premiere:

Luigi ha creado la nueva pizza “Roma” y quiere saber si a los clientes les gusta. Para ello,
anota el número de pizzas “Roma” que se piden en cada una de las veinte mesas del
restaurante la noche del estreno:

0 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 0 1

2 2 0 1 2 2 1 0 2 2

(a) What type of stat variable is in investigation? ¿Qué tipo de variable estadística se está estudiando? It’s
a numerical discrete variable.

(b) Construct a frequency table, including relative frequencies in percents. Construye una tabla de
frecuencias, incluyendo las relativas en porcentaje.

(c) Draw the corresponding bar chart. Dibuja el correspondiente diagrama de barras.
(d) Work out median, range and mode. Has “Roma” pizza had good acceptance? Use one of the
previously calculated parameters to justify your answer. Calcula la mediana, el rango y la moda. ¿Ha
tenido la pizza “Roma” buena aceptación? Usa uno de los anteriores parámetros calculados para justificar
tu respuesta.

According to the frequency table of part (b), it’s clear that:

• Mo = 2 pizzas per table

• R = 3 – 0 = 3 pizzas per table

To work out the median, we need to add the column “Fi” to the frequency table:

• - 50% of the sample size is 20/2 = 10. So, the first value of the variable (xi) that cumulates 10 data is
2, so Me = 2 pizzas per table.

We can say that “Roma” pizza had a good acceptance, because the most common choice was 2
“Roma” pizzas per table. In addition to this, Me = 2 “Roma” pizzas means that half of the tables
chose this pizza.

4. Luigi’s promotions Las promociones de Luigi

Every Saturday, Luigi raffles off free pizzas and soft drinks. Customers must
draw a card at random from a box that contains 36 non-winning cards, 10 with a
prize of a free soft drink, and 4 with a prize of a free pizza.

Cada sábado, Luigi sortea pizzas y refrescos gratis. Los clientes deben sacar una
tarjeta al azar de una caja donde hay 36 tarjetas sin premio, 10 con premio de
refresco gratis y 4 con premio de pizza gratis.

(a) Work out the chance that a client gets a free pizza. Calcula la probabilidad de que un cliente
obtenga una pizza gratis.

NW = non- winning cards

SF = soft drink prized cards
P = pizza prized card

4 2
p( P)= = =0,08 -→ 8%
50 25

The chance that a client gets a pizza is 8%.

(b) What is the probability that a client doesn’t get any prize?. ¿Cuál es la probabilidad de que un
cliente no obtenga ningún premio?

A client doesn’t win anything if he/she draws a NW card.

36 18
p( NW )= = =0,72 → 72%
50 25

The probability that a client doesn’t win anything is 72%.

(c) What is the chance that a client gets a prize?. ¿Cuál es la probabilidad de que un cliente
obtenga un premio?

A client gets a prize if he/she gets a free pizza or soft drink. Let’s say PZ := “the client gets a prize”

14 7
p( PZ )= = =0,28 → 28%
50 25

The chance that a client gets a prize (pizza or soft drink) is 28%.

(d) Which of the previous events is highly unlikely? Why do you think Luigi has chosen it so?
¿Cuál de los sucesos anteriores es altamente improbable? ¿Por qué crees que Luigi lo ha elegido
así?

The event “win a pizza” is highly unlikely, because its chance is less than 25%. Luigi chose pizza as
the most unlikely event, because the pizza is more expensive than a soft drink.

Criterios y saberes básicos evaluados

Ver detalle de códigos en EVAGD

Criterios de evaluación: C1, C2, C3, C4, C7, C8, C9, C10, C12, C13, C14
SB08, SB16, SB19, SB49, SB50, SB51, SB52, SB53,
Saberes básicos:
SB55, SB56, SB57