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Trigonometry Concepts for Class 10

Chapter 8 introduces trigonometry, focusing on the six trigonometric ratios related to right triangles. It covers reciprocal identities, quotient identities, and fundamental trigonometric identities. The chapter concludes with a test and revision questions to assess understanding of the concepts presented.

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56 views2 pages

Trigonometry Concepts for Class 10

Chapter 8 introduces trigonometry, focusing on the six trigonometric ratios related to right triangles. It covers reciprocal identities, quotient identities, and fundamental trigonometric identities. The chapter concludes with a test and revision questions to assess understanding of the concepts presented.

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Videocon D2h
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CHAPTER 8

INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY

I. In a right triangle, one angle is 90°, the other two angles are less than 90° or acute angles.
The ratios of the sides of a right triangle with respect to these acute angles are called
trigonometric ratios.
There are 6 TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS:
Opposite 𝑂
1. sine 𝜃 = sin 𝜃 = Hypotenuse = 𝐻

Adjacent 𝐴
2. cosine 𝜃 = cos 𝜃 = Hypotenuse = 𝐻

Opposite 𝑂
3. tangent 𝜃 = tan 𝜃 = Adjacent = 𝐴

Hypotenuse 𝐻
4. cosecant 𝜃 = cosec 𝜃 = =
Opposite 𝑂

Hypotenuse 𝐻
5. secant 𝜃 = sec 𝜃 = =
Adjacent 𝐴

Adjacent 𝐴
6. cotangent 𝜃 = cot 𝜃 = Opposite = 𝑂

II. RECIPROCAL IDENTITIES


1 1
1. sin 𝜃 = ⇒ cosec 𝜃 =
cosec 𝜃 sin 𝜃

1 1
2. cos 𝜃 = ⇒ sec 𝜃 =
sec 𝜃 cos 𝜃

1 1
3. tan 𝜃 = ⇒ cot 𝜃 =
cot 𝜃 tan 𝜃

III. QUOTIENT IDNETITIES


sin 𝜃
1. tan 𝜃 =
cos 𝜃

cos 𝜃
2. cot 𝜃 =
sin 𝜃

IV. TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES


1. sin2 𝜃 + cos 2 𝜃 = 1

2. 1 + tan2 𝜃 = sec2 𝜃

3. 1 + cot 2 𝜃 = cosec 2 𝜃
TEST
INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY

CLASS 10 MARKS 10

1. If sin 𝜃 = cos 𝜃, then find the value of 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃.

2. If 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = √3, then prove that 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 1.

3. Given 15 cot 𝐴 = 8, find sin 𝐴 , sec 𝐴.

tan 𝐴 tan 𝐴
4. Prove that: − = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴.
1+ 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴 1− 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴

2𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝜃−1
5. Prove that = 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃.
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

REVISION QUESTIONS
1
6. If 7 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 4, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 prove that tan 𝜃 = , where θ is an acute angle.
√3

7. If tan 𝜃 + cot 𝜃 = 5, find the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃.


𝑎 sin 𝜃−𝑏 cos 𝜃 2
𝑎 𝑎2−𝑏
8. If tan 𝜃 = 𝑏 , prove that = 2
𝑎 sin 𝜃+𝑏 cos 𝜃 𝑎2+𝑏
1 1
9. In an acute angled ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶, if sin(𝐴 + 𝐵 − 𝐶) = 2 and cos(𝐵 + 𝐶 − 𝐴) = , find
√2
∠𝐴, ∠𝐵, ∠𝐶.

𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦 𝑥2 𝑦2
10. If cos 𝜃 + 𝑏 sin 𝜃 = 1 and 𝑎 sin 𝜃 − 𝑏 cos 𝜃 = 1, prove that: 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 2.
𝑎

11. If 𝑥 = 𝑟 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐴 cos 𝐶 , 𝑦 = 𝑟 sin 𝐴 sin 𝐶 and 𝑧 = 𝑟 cos 𝐴, then prove that
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 𝑟 2.

12. Given 2 cos 3𝜃 = √3, find the value of 𝜃.

Answers

1. 5/2 3. 15/17, 17/8 7. 23 9. 67.5°, 37.5°, 105° 12. 10°

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