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RC BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN (AS3600)

In accordance with AS3600-2010 including Amendment No.1 dated November 2010
TEDDS calculation version 2.1.13

Load Envelope - Com bination 1

24.413

0.0
mm 8000 8000
A 1 B 2 C

Load Envelope - Com bination 2

24.413

0.0
mm 8000 8000
A 1 B 2 C

Load Envelope - Com bination 3

24.413

0.0
mm 8000 8000
A 1 B 2 C

Bending Mom ent Envelope

kNm
-195.3
-195.304

0.0

126.789
126.8 126.8
mm 8000 8000
A 1 B 2 C
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Shear Force Envelope

kN
122.1
122.065
78.7

0.0

-78.7
-122.065
-122.1
mm 8000 8000
A 1 B 2 C

Support conditions
Support A Vertically restrained
Rotationally free
Support B Vertically restrained
Rotationally free
Support C Vertically restrained
Rotationally free

Applied loading
Permanent self weight of beam × 1
Permanent full UDL 10 kN/m
Live full UDL 5 kN/m

Load combinations
Load combination 1 Support A Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Span 1 Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Support B Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Span 2 Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Support C Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Load combination 2 Support A Permanent × 1.00
Live × 0.00
Span 1 Permanent × 1.00
Live × 0.00
Support B Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Span 2 Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Support C Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Load combination 3 Support A Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Span 1 Permanent × 1.25
Live × 1.50
Support B Permanent × 1.00
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Live × 0.00
Span 2 Permanent × 1.00
Live × 0.00
Support C Permanent × 1.00
Live × 0.00

Analysis results
Maximum moment support A; MA_max = 0 kNm; MA_red = 0 kNm;
Maximum moment span 1 at 3223 mm; Ms1_max = 127 kNm; Ms1_red = 127 kNm;
Maximum moment support B; MB_max = -195 kNm; MB_red = -195 kNm;
Maximum moment span 2 at 4777 mm; Ms2_max = 127 kNm; Ms2_red = 127 kNm;
Maximum moment support C; MC_max = 0 kNm; MC_red = 0 kNm;
Maximum shear support A; VA_max = 79 kN; VA_red = 79 kN
Maximum shear support A span 1 at 447 mm; VA_s1_max = 68 kN; VA_s1_red = 68 kN
Maximum shear support B; VB_max = -122 kN; VB_red = -122 kN
Maximum shear support B span 1 at 7555 mm; VB_s1_max = -111 kN; VB_s1_red = -111 kN
Maximum shear support B span 2 at 445 mm; VB_s2_max = 111 kN; VB_s2_red = 111 kN
Maximum shear support C; VC_max = -79 kN; VC_red = -74 kN
Maximum shear support C span 2 at 7553 mm; VC_s2_max = -68 kN; VC_s2_red = -68 kN
Maximum reaction at support A; RA = 79 kN
Unfactored permanent load reaction at support A; RA_Permanent = 41 kN
Unfactored live load reaction at support A; RA_Live = 15 kN
Maximum reaction at support B; RB = 244 kN
Unfactored permanent load reaction at support B; RB_Permanent = 135 kN
Unfactored live load reaction at support B; RB_Live = 50 kN
Maximum reaction at support C; RC = 79 kN
Unfactored permanent load reaction at support C; RC_Permanent = 41 kN
Unfactored live load reaction at support C; RC_Live = 15 kN
Rectangular section details
Overall depth of beam; D = 500 mm
Width of beam; b = 300 mm
Effective width of compression face; bef = b = 300 mm
Effective width for shear calculations; bv = b = 300 mm
500

300

Concrete details
Exposure classification; A1
Concrete characteristic compressive strength; f’c = 32 MPa
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Concrete in situ compressive strength; fcmi = 35 MPa

Modulus of elasticity of concrete; E = 27500 MPa
Reinforcement details
Yield strength of flexural reinforcement; fsy = 500 MPa
Yield strength of shear reinforcement; fsys = 500 MPa
Nominal cover to reinforcement
Nominal cover to top reinforcement; cnom_t = 35 mm
Nominal cover to bottom reinforcement; cnom_b = 35 mm
Nominal cover to side reinforcement; cnom_s = 35 mm
Min average axis distance due to fire (T 5.4.1(B)); am,min = 12 mm

Support A

2 x 12φ bars

2 x 8φ shear legs at 300 c/c

500

3 x 20φ bars

300

Minimum tensile reinforcement

Minimum area of tension reinfrcement; As,min = 0.132N/mm2 × D2 × √(f’c / 1N/mm2) × b / (fsy × d) = 251 mm2
Tension reinforcement provided; 3 × No.20 bars
Area of tension reinforcent provided; As,prov = 942 mm2
Rectangular section in shear (cl. 8.2)
Design shear force span 1 at 447 mm; V∗ = max(VA_s1_max, VA_s1_red) = 68 kN
Tension reinforcement for shear check; Astv = 942 mm2
Depth to outermost layer of tension steel; do = 447 mm
Effective beam width for shear; bv = 300 mm
Shear strength excluding shear reinforcment: (cl. [Link])
Shear strenght reduction factor; φV = 0.7
Concrete shear strength; fcv = min(1MPa × (f'c/1MPa)1/3, 4 MPa) = 3.2 MPa
Factor beta 1; β1 = max(1.1, (1.1 × (1.6 - do / 1000 mm))) = 1.27
Factor beta 2; β2 = 1.0
Factor beta 3; β3 = 1.0
Shear capacity; φVuc= (φV × β1 × β2 × β3× d × bv × fcv × (Astv / (d × bv))1/3) = 72.4kN
Shear threshold (D > 250 mm, D < 750 mm); 0.5 × φVuc = 36.2 kN
Shear threshold (D < 250 mm, D < bv/2); φVuc = 72.4 kN
Shear reinforcement required
Shear strength of beam with minimum reinforcement: (cl. 8.2.9)
Shear strength with minimum reinforcement; φVu_min = max(φVuc + φV × 0.6MPa × d × bv, φVuc + φV × 0.10MPa ×
√(f'c/1MPa) × bv × d) = 128.7 kN
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Minimum shear reinforcement:

Yield strength of shear reinforcement; fsys = 500 MPa
Maximum spacing of stirrups; svl_max = min(0.75 × D, 500mm) = 375 mm
Minimum shear reinforcement; Asv_min = max(0.06MPa × √(f'c/1MPa) × bv / fsy, (0.35MPa × bv) / fsy) =
2
210 mm /m
Reinforcement provided; 2 × 8φ legs at 300 c/c
Shear reinforcement provided; Asv,prov = 335 mm2/m
Pass - Min. shear reinforcement
Crack control (8.6.1)
Servicablilty design bending moment; M∗s = 0.0 kNm
Tension bar spacing; sbar = (b - (2 × cnom_s + 2 × φv + φbot)) / (Nbot - 1) = 97 mm
Maximum bar spacing; smax = 300mm
Minimum allowable bar spacing; smin = max(φbot, hagg + 5 mm, 20 mm) + φbot = 45 mm
Depth of concrete in compression zone (cracked); xcr = [- 2 ×ES3600 × As,prov + √((2 × ES3600 × As,prov)2 + ((4 × E × b) × (2 ×
ES3600 × As,prov × d)))] / (2 × E × b) = 122 mm
Max tensile stress in reinf. due to service moment; fscr = (2 × M∗s / (E × b × xcr × (d - xcr/3))) × ((d - xcr) / xcr) × ES3600
fscr = 0 MPa
Max permitted tensile stress in reinf -Table 8.6.1; fs = 322 MPa
PASS - Area of tension reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required for crack control
PASS - Actual bar spacing exceeds minimum allowable
Fire resistance
Average axis distance to bottom reinforcement; am,bot = cnom_b + φv + φbot / 2 = 53 mm
Average axis distance to top reinforcement; am,top = cnom_t + φv + φtop / 2 = 49 mm
PASS - Average axis distance greater than required due to fire

Mid span 1

2 x 16φ bars
500

2 x 8φ shear legs at 300 c/c

4 x 20φ bars

300

Beam bending - Positive midspan moment

Applied moment; Mapp = abs(Ms1_red) = 126.8 kNm
Strength reduction factor (Table 2.3); φ = 0.8
Minimum strength in bending (cl. 8.1.6); Muo,min = 1.2 × (b × D2 / 6) × 0.6×√(f'c×1MPa) = 50.9 kNm
Design moment; M∗ = max(abs(Mapp), Muo,min × φ) = 127 kNm

Tension reinforcement
Yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement; fsy = 500 MPa
Tension reinforcement provided; 4 No. D500N20
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Area of tension reinforcement; As,prov = Nbot × φbot2 × π / 4 = 1257 mm2

Effective depth of tension reinforcement; d = D - cnom_b - φv - φbot / 2 = 447 mm
Dist from extreme comp fibre to tension reinft; do = d = 447 mm
Stress block factor; α2 = max(0.67,min(1.0 - 0.003 × f'c/1MPa,0.85)) = 0.850
Stress block ratio; γc = max(0.67,min(1.05 - 0.007 × f'c/1MPa,0.85)) = 0.826
For ductility, ku should be less than 0.4; ku = As,prov × fsy / (α2 × f'c × γc × d × b) = 0.209
Compression steel not required
Bending Capacity; φMuo = φ × As,prov × fsy × d × (1 - As,prov × fsy / (2 × α2 × f'c × d × b)) = 205.3
kNm
0.62 : Pass - Flexural strength
Rectangular section in shear (cl. 8.2)
Concrete shear strength; fcv = min(1MPa × (f'c/1MPa)1/3, 4 MPa) = 3.2 MPa
Factor beta 1; β1 = max(1.1, (1.1 × (1.6 - do / 1000 mm))) = 1.27
Factor beta 2; β2 = 1.0
Factor beta 3; β3 = 1.0
Shear capacity; Vuc = (β1 × β2 × β3× d × bv × fcv × (Astv / (d × bv))1/3) = 113.8kN
Contribution of shear resistance by shear reinf.; Vus,prov = Asv,prov × fsy × d × cot(30deg) = 129.7 kN
Provided shear force; φVprov = φV × (Vuc + Vus,prov) = 170.5 kN
Shear links provided valid between 0 mm and 8000 mm with tension reinforcement of 1257 mm2
Crack control (8.6.1)
Servicablilty design bending moment; M∗s = 1.0 × ABS(Ms1_c21) + ψs × ABS(Ms1_c22) = 76.6 kNm
Tension bar spacing; sbar = (b - (2 × cnom_s + 2 × φv + φbot)) / (Nbot - 1) = 65 mm
Maximum bar spacing; smax = 300mm
Minimum allowable bar spacing; smin = max(φbot, hagg + 5 mm, 20 mm) + φbot = 45 mm
Depth of concrete in compression zone (cracked); xcr = [- 2 ×ES3600 × As,prov + √((2 × ES3600 × As,prov)2 + ((4 × E × b) × (2 ×
ES3600 × As,prov × d)))] / (2 × E × b) = 137 mm
Max tensile stress in reinf. due to service moment; fscr = (2 × M∗s / (E × b × xcr × (d - xcr/3))) × ((d - xcr) / xcr) × ES3600
fscr = 152 MPa
Max permitted tensile stress in reinf -Table 8.6.1; fs = 348 MPa
PASS - Area of tension reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required for crack control
PASS - Actual bar spacing exceeds minimum allowable
Fire resistance
Average axis distance to bottom reinforcement; am,bot = cnom_b + φv + φbot / 2 = 53 mm
Average axis distance to top reinforcement; am,top = cnom_t + φv + φtop / 2 = 51 mm
PASS - Average axis distance greater than required due to fire
Deflection (Clause 8.5)
Servicablilty design bending moment; M∗s = 1.0 × ABS(Ms1_c21) + ψs × ABS(Ms1_c22) = 76.6 kNm
Characteristic flexural tensile strength (cl. [Link]); f’cf = 0.6 × √(f'c/1 MPa)×1 MPa = 3.39 MPa
Mean modulus of elasticity; Ec = ρ1.5 × 0.043(m3/kg)1.5 × √(fcmi×1MPa) = 29910 MPa
Second moment of area; Ixx = b × D3 / 12 = 312500 cm4
Section modulus of uncracked section; Z = b × D2 / 6 = 12500 cm3
Hypothetical thickness; th = 188 mm
Time since commencement of drying; t = 10950 day
Final autogenous shrinkage strain; ε∗cse = (0.06 × f'c/1MPa - 1.0) × 50 / 1000000 = 4.60×10-5
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Autogenous shrinkage strain; εcse = ε∗cse × (1.0 - exp(-0.1 × t/1day)) = 4.60×10-5

Final basic drying shrinkage strain; ε∗csd.b = 1.00×10-3
Basic drying shrinkage strain; εcsd.b = (1.0 - 0.008 × f'c/1MPa) × ε∗csd.b = 7.44×10-4
Shrinkage coefficient; α1 = 0.8 + 1.2 × exp(-0.005 × th/1mm) = 1.270
Shrinkage strain coefficient; k1 = (α1× (t/1day)0.8) / ((t/1day)0.8 + 0.15 × th/1mm) = 1.249
Environment coefficient; k4 = 0.600
Drying shrinkage strain; εcsd = k1 × k4 × εcsd.b = 5.58×10-4
Design shrinkage strain of concrete; εcs = εcse + εcsd = 6.04×10-4
Tension reinforcement ratio; pw = As,prov / (b × d) = 0.00937
Compression reinforcement ratio; pcw = As2,prov / (b × d) = 0.00300
Max shrinkage induced stress (uncracked); σcs = ((2.5 × pw - 0.8 × pcw) / (1 + 50 × pw)) × ES3600 × εcs = 1.729MPa
Bending moment causing cracking; Mcr = Z × (f'cf - σcs) = 20.8 kNm
Steel to concrete ratio; n = ES3600 / Ec = 6.687
Neutral axis depth factor; xna = -n × (pw + pcw)+√[n2×(pw + pcw)2 + 2 × n × (pw + d1 × pcw / d)]
xna = 0.287
Second moment of area of cracked section; Icr = [xna3 / 3 + n × pw × (1 - xna)2 + n × pcw×(xna - d1 / d)2] × b × d3
Icr = 108072 cm4
nd
Max effective 2 moment of area; Ief,max = Ixx = 312500 cm4
Effective 2nd moment of area; Ief = min(Ief,max,Icr + (Ixx - Icr) × (Mcr / M∗s)3) = 112169cm4
Short term deflection (full section from analysis); δs = 1.0 × ABS(δs1_c21) + ψs × ABS(δs1_c22) = 4.4 mm
Long term deflection (full section from analysis); δl = 1.0 × ABS(δs1_c21) + ψl × ABS(δs1_c22) = 4.0 mm
Short term deflection of cracked section; δscr = δs × Ixx / Ief = 12.2 mm
Long term deflection of cracked section; δlcr = δl × Ixx / Ief = 11.2 mm
Long term deflection multiplier; kcs = [2 - 1.2 × (As2,prov / As,prov)] = 1.616
Total deflection; δcr = δscr + (δlcr × kcs) = 30.3 mm
Deflection limit; δlim = Lef × 0.004 = 32.0 mm
Pass - deflection limit exceeds calculated deflection

Support B

3 x 24φ bars
500

2 x 8φ shear legs at 300 c/c

2 x 16φ bars

300

Beam bending -
Applied moment; Mapp = abs(MB_red) = 195.3 kNm
Strength reduction factor (Table 2.3); φ = 0.8
Minimum strength in bending (cl. 8.1.6); Muo,min = 1.2 × (b × D2 / 6) × 0.6×√(f'c×1MPa) = 50.9 kNm
Design moment; M∗ = max(abs(Mapp), Muo,min × φ) = 195 kNm
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Tension reinforcement
Yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement; fsy = 500 MPa
Tension reinforcement provided; 3 No. D500N24
Area of tension reinforcement; As,prov = Ntop × φtop2 × π / 4 = 1357 mm2
Effective depth of tension reinforcement; d = D - cnom_t - φv - φtop / 2 = 445 mm
Dist from extreme comp fibre to tension reinft; do = d = 445 mm
Stress block factor; α2 = max(0.67,min(1.0 - 0.003 × f'c/1MPa,0.85)) = 0.850
Stress block ratio; γc = max(0.67,min(1.05 - 0.007 × f'c/1MPa,0.85)) = 0.826
For ductility, ku should be less than 0.4; ku = As,prov × fsy / (α2 × f'c × γc × d × b) = 0.226
Compression steel not required
Bending Capacity; φMuo = φ × As,prov × fsy × d × (1 - As,prov × fsy / (2 × α2 × f'c × d × b)) = 219.0
kNm
0.89 : Pass - Flexural strength
Rectangular section in shear (cl. 8.2)
Design shear force span 1 at 7555 mm; V∗ = abs(min(VB_s1_max, VB_s1_red)) = 111 kN
Tension reinforcement for shear check; Astv = 1357 mm2
Depth to outermost layer of tension steel; do = 445 mm
Effective beam width for shear; bv = 300 mm
Shear strength excluding shear reinforcment: (cl. [Link])
Shear strenght reduction factor; φV = 0.7
Concrete shear strength; fcv = min(1MPa × (f'c/1MPa)1/3, 4 MPa) = 3.2 MPa
Factor beta 1; β1 = max(1.1, (1.1 × (1.6 - do / 1000 mm))) = 1.27
Factor beta 2; β2 = 1.0
Factor beta 3; β3 = 1.0
Shear capacity; φVuc= (φV × β1 × β2 × β3× d × bv × fcv × (Astv / (d × bv))1/3) = 81.7kN
Shear threshold (D > 250 mm, D < 750 mm); 0.5 × φVuc = 40.8 kN
Shear threshold (D < 250 mm, D < bv/2); φVuc = 81.7 kN
Shear reinforcement required
Shear strength of beam with minimum reinforcement: (cl. 8.2.9)
Shear strength with minimum reinforcement; φVu_min = max(φVuc + φV × 0.6MPa × d × bv, φVuc + φV × 0.10MPa ×
√(f'c/1MPa) × bv × d) = 137.7 kN

Minimum shear reinforcement:

Yield strength of shear reinforcement; fsys = 500 MPa
Maximum spacing of stirrups; svl_max = min(0.75 × D, 500mm) = 375 mm
Minimum shear reinforcement; Asv_min = max(0.06MPa × √(f'c/1MPa) × bv / fsy, (0.35MPa × bv) / fsy) =
2
210 mm /m
Reinforcement provided; 2 × 8φ legs at 300 c/c
Shear reinforcement provided; Asv,prov = 335 mm2/m
Pass - Min. shear reinforcement
∗
Design shear force span 2 at 445 mm; V = max(VB_s2_max, VB_s2_red) = 111 kN
Tension reinforcement for shear check; Astv = 1357 mm2
Depth to outermost layer of tension steel; do = 445 mm
Effective beam width for shear; bv = 300 mm
Shear strength excluding shear reinforcment: (cl. [Link])
Shear strenght reduction factor; φV = 0.7
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Concrete shear strength; fcv = min(1MPa × (f'c/1MPa)1/3, 4 MPa) = 3.2 MPa

Factor beta 1; β1 = max(1.1, (1.1 × (1.6 - do / 1000 mm))) = 1.27
Factor beta 2; β2 = 1.0
Factor beta 3; β3 = 1.0
Shear capacity; φVuc= (φV × β1 × β2 × β3× d × bv × fcv × (Astv / (d × bv))1/3) = 81.7kN
Shear threshold (D > 250 mm, D < 750 mm); 0.5 × φVuc = 40.8 kN
Shear threshold (D < 250 mm, D < bv/2); φVuc = 81.7 kN
Shear reinforcement required
Shear strength of beam with minimum reinforcement: (cl. 8.2.9)
Shear strength with minimum reinforcement; φVu_min = max(φVuc + φV × 0.6MPa × d × bv, φVuc + φV × 0.10MPa ×
√(f'c/1MPa) × bv × d) = 137.7 kN

Minimum shear reinforcement:

Yield strength of shear reinforcement; fsys = 500 MPa
Maximum spacing of stirrups; svl_max = min(0.75 × D, 500mm) = 375 mm
Minimum shear reinforcement; Asv_min = max(0.06MPa × √(f'c/1MPa) × bv / fsy, (0.35MPa × bv) / fsy) =
210 mm2/m
Reinforcement provided; 2 × 8φ legs at 300 c/c
Shear reinforcement provided; Asv,prov = 335 mm2/m
Pass - Min. shear reinforcement
Crack control (8.6.1)
Servicablilty design bending moment; M∗s = 1.0 × ABS(MB_c21) + ψs × ABS(MB_c22) = 136.2 kNm
Tension bar spacing; sbar = (b - (2 × cnom_s + 2 × φv + φtop)) / (Ntop - 1) = 95 mm
Maximum bar spacing; smax = 300mm
Minimum allowable bar spacing; smin = max(φtop, hagg + 5 mm, 20 mm) + φtop = 49 mm
Depth of concrete in compression zone (cracked); xcr = [- 2 ×ES3600 × As,prov + √((2 × ES3600 × As,prov)2 + ((4 × E × b) × (2 ×
ES3600 × As,prov × d)))] / (2 × E × b) = 141 mm
Max tensile stress in reinf. due to service moment; fscr = (2 × M∗s / (E × b × xcr × (d - xcr/3))) × ((d - xcr) / xcr) × ES3600
fscr = 252 MPa
Max permitted tensile stress in reinf -Table 8.6.1; fs = 324 MPa
PASS - Area of tension reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required for crack control
PASS - Actual bar spacing exceeds minimum allowable
Fire resistance
Average axis distance to bottom reinforcement; am,bot = cnom_b + φv + φbot / 2 = 51 mm
Average axis distance to top reinforcement; am,top = cnom_t + φv + φtop / 2 = 55 mm
PASS - Average axis distance greater than required due to fire

Mid span 2
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4 x 12φ bars

500
2 x 8φ shear legs at 300 c/c

4 x 20φ bars

300

Beam bending - Positive midspan moment

Applied moment; Mapp = abs(Ms2_red) = 126.8 kNm
Strength reduction factor (Table 2.3); φ = 0.8
Minimum strength in bending (cl. 8.1.6); Muo,min = 1.2 × (b × D2 / 6) × 0.6×√(f'c×1MPa) = 50.9 kNm
Design moment; M∗ = max(abs(Mapp), Muo,min × φ) = 127 kNm

Tension reinforcement
Yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement; fsy = 500 MPa
Tension reinforcement provided; 4 No. D500N20
Area of tension reinforcement; As,prov = Nbot × φbot2 × π / 4 = 1257 mm2
Effective depth of tension reinforcement; d = D - cnom_b - φv - φbot / 2 = 447 mm
Dist from extreme comp fibre to tension reinft; do = d = 447 mm
Stress block factor; α2 = max(0.67,min(1.0 - 0.003 × f'c/1MPa,0.85)) = 0.850
Stress block ratio; γc = max(0.67,min(1.05 - 0.007 × f'c/1MPa,0.85)) = 0.826
For ductility, ku should be less than 0.4; ku = As,prov × fsy / (α2 × f'c × γc × d × b) = 0.209
Compression steel not required
Bending Capacity; φMuo = φ × As,prov × fsy × d × (1 - As,prov × fsy / (2 × α2 × f'c × d × b)) = 205.3
kNm
0.62 : Pass - Flexural strength
Rectangular section in shear (cl. 8.2)
Concrete shear strength; fcv = min(1MPa × (f'c/1MPa)1/3, 4 MPa) = 3.2 MPa
Factor beta 1; β1 = max(1.1, (1.1 × (1.6 - do / 1000 mm))) = 1.27
Factor beta 2; β2 = 1.0
Factor beta 3; β3 = 1.0
Shear capacity; Vuc = (β1 × β2 × β3× d × bv × fcv × (Astv / (d × bv))1/3) = 113.8kN
Contribution of shear resistance by shear reinf.; Vus,prov = Asv,prov × fsy × d × cot(30deg) = 129.7 kN
Provided shear force; φVprov = φV × (Vuc + Vus,prov) = 170.5 kN
Shear links provided valid between 0 mm and 8000 mm with tension reinforcement of 1257 mm2
Crack control (8.6.1)
Servicablilty design bending moment; M∗s = 1.0 × ABS(Ms2_c21) + ψs × ABS(Ms2_c22) = 76.6 kNm
Tension bar spacing; sbar = (b - (2 × cnom_s + 2 × φv + φbot)) / (Nbot - 1) = 65 mm
Maximum bar spacing; smax = 300mm
Minimum allowable bar spacing; smin = max(φbot, hagg + 5 mm, 20 mm) + φbot = 45 mm
Depth of concrete in compression zone (cracked); xcr = [- 2 ×ES3600 × As,prov + √((2 × ES3600 × As,prov)2 + ((4 × E × b) × (2 ×
ES3600 × As,prov × d)))] / (2 × E × b) = 137 mm
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Max tensile stress in reinf. due to service moment; fscr = (2 × M∗s / (E × b × xcr × (d - xcr/3))) × ((d - xcr) / xcr) × ES3600
fscr = 152 MPa
Max permitted tensile stress in reinf -Table 8.6.1; fs = 348 MPa
PASS - Area of tension reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required for crack control
PASS - Actual bar spacing exceeds minimum allowable
Fire resistance
Average axis distance to bottom reinforcement; am,bot = cnom_b + φv + φbot / 2 = 53 mm
Average axis distance to top reinforcement; am,top = cnom_t + φv + φtop / 2 = 49 mm
PASS - Average axis distance greater than required due to fire
Deflection (Clause 8.5)
Servicablilty design bending moment; M∗s = 1.0 × ABS(Ms2_c21) + ψs × ABS(Ms2_c22) = 76.6 kNm
Characteristic flexural tensile strength (cl. [Link]); f’cf = 0.6 × √(f'c/1 MPa)×1 MPa = 3.39 MPa
Mean modulus of elasticity; Ec = ρ1.5 × 0.043(m3/kg)1.5 × √(fcmi×1MPa) = 29910 MPa
Second moment of area; Ixx = b × D3 / 12 = 312500 cm4
Section modulus of uncracked section; Z = b × D2 / 6 = 12500 cm3
Hypothetical thickness; th = 188 mm
Time since commencement of drying; t = 10950 day
Final autogenous shrinkage strain; ε∗cse = (0.06 × f'c/1MPa - 1.0) × 50 / 1000000 = 4.60×10-5
Autogenous shrinkage strain; εcse = ε∗cse × (1.0 - exp(-0.1 × t/1day)) = 4.60×10-5
Final basic drying shrinkage strain; ε∗csd.b = 1.00×10-3
Basic drying shrinkage strain; εcsd.b = (1.0 - 0.008 × f'c/1MPa) × ε∗csd.b = 7.44×10-4
Shrinkage coefficient; α1 = 0.8 + 1.2 × exp(-0.005 × th/1mm) = 1.270
Shrinkage strain coefficient; k1 = (α1× (t/1day)0.8) / ((t/1day)0.8 + 0.15 × th/1mm) = 1.249
Environment coefficient; k4 = 0.600
Drying shrinkage strain; εcsd = k1 × k4 × εcsd.b = 5.58×10-4
Design shrinkage strain of concrete; εcs = εcse + εcsd = 6.04×10-4
Tension reinforcement ratio; pw = As,prov / (b × d) = 0.00937
Compression reinforcement ratio; pcw = As2,prov / (b × d) = 0.00337
Max shrinkage induced stress (uncracked); σcs = ((2.5 × pw - 0.8 × pcw) / (1 + 50 × pw)) × ES3600 × εcs = 1.704MPa
Bending moment causing cracking; Mcr = Z × (f'cf - σcs) = 21.1 kNm
Steel to concrete ratio; n = ES3600 / Ec = 6.687
Neutral axis depth factor; xna = -n × (pw + pcw)+√[n2×(pw + pcw)2 + 2 × n × (pw + d1 × pcw / d)]
xna = 0.286
Second moment of area of cracked section; Icr = [xna3 / 3 + n × pw × (1 - xna)2 + n × pcw×(xna - d1 / d)2] × b × d3
Icr = 108366 cm4
nd
Max effective 2 moment of area; Ief,max = Ixx = 312500 cm4
Effective 2nd moment of area; Ief = min(Ief,max,Icr + (Ixx - Icr) × (Mcr / M∗s)3) = 112641cm4
Short term deflection (full section from analysis); δs = 1.0 × ABS(δs2_c21) + ψs × ABS(δs2_c22) = 4.4 mm
Long term deflection (full section from analysis); δl = 1.0 × ABS(δs2_c21) + ψl × ABS(δs2_c22) = 4.0 mm
Short term deflection of cracked section; δscr = δs × Ixx / Ief = 12.2 mm
Long term deflection of cracked section; δlcr = δl × Ixx / Ief = 11.1 mm
Long term deflection multiplier; kcs = [2 - 1.2 × (As2,prov / As,prov)] = 1.568
Total deflection; δcr = δscr + (δlcr × kcs) = 29.6 mm
Deflection limit; δlim = Lef × 0.004 = 32.0 mm
Pass - deflection limit exceeds calculated deflection
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SBA Consultant Engineers Calcs for Start page no./Revision

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Support C

2 x 16φ bars

500
2 x 8φ shear legs at 300 c/c

3 x 20φ bars

300

Minimum tensile reinforcement

Minimum area of tension reinfrcement; As,min = 0.132N/mm2 × D2 × √(f’c / 1N/mm2) × b / (fsy × d) = 251 mm2
Tension reinforcement provided; 3 × No.20 bars
Area of tension reinforcent provided; As,prov = 942 mm2
Rectangular section in shear (cl. 8.2)
Design shear force span 2 at 7553 mm; V∗ = abs(min(VC_s2_max, VC_s2_red)) = 68 kN
Tension reinforcement for shear check; Astv = 942 mm2
Depth to outermost layer of tension steel; do = 447 mm
Effective beam width for shear; bv = 300 mm
Shear strength excluding shear reinforcment: (cl. [Link])
Shear strenght reduction factor; φV = 0.7
Concrete shear strength; fcv = min(1MPa × (f'c/1MPa)1/3, 4 MPa) = 3.2 MPa
Factor beta 1; β1 = max(1.1, (1.1 × (1.6 - do / 1000 mm))) = 1.27
Factor beta 2; β2 = 1.0
Factor beta 3; β3 = 1.0
Shear capacity; φVuc= (φV × β1 × β2 × β3× d × bv × fcv × (Astv / (d × bv))1/3) = 72.4kN
Shear threshold (D > 250 mm, D < 750 mm); 0.5 × φVuc = 36.2 kN
Shear threshold (D < 250 mm, D < bv/2); φVuc = 72.4 kN
Shear reinforcement required
Shear strength of beam with minimum reinforcement: (cl. 8.2.9)
Shear strength with minimum reinforcement; φVu_min = max(φVuc + φV × 0.6MPa × d × bv, φVuc + φV × 0.10MPa ×
√(f'c/1MPa) × bv × d) = 128.7 kN

Minimum shear reinforcement:

Yield strength of shear reinforcement; fsys = 500 MPa
Maximum spacing of stirrups; svl_max = min(0.75 × D, 500mm) = 375 mm
Minimum shear reinforcement; Asv_min = max(0.06MPa × √(f'c/1MPa) × bv / fsy, (0.35MPa × bv) / fsy) =
2
210 mm /m
Reinforcement provided; 2 × 8φ legs at 300 c/c
Shear reinforcement provided; Asv,prov = 335 mm2/m
Pass - Min. shear reinforcement
Crack control (8.6.1)
Servicablilty design bending moment; M∗s = 0.0 kNm
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Tension bar spacing; sbar = (b - (2 × cnom_s + 2 × φv + φbot)) / (Nbot - 1) = 97 mm

Maximum bar spacing; smax = 300mm
Minimum allowable bar spacing; smin = max(φbot, hagg + 5 mm, 20 mm) + φbot = 45 mm
Depth of concrete in compression zone (cracked); xcr = [- 2 ×ES3600 × As,prov + √((2 × ES3600 × As,prov)2 + ((4 × E × b) × (2 ×
ES3600 × As,prov × d)))] / (2 × E × b) = 122 mm
Max tensile stress in reinf. due to service moment; fscr = (2 × M∗s / (E × b × xcr × (d - xcr/3))) × ((d - xcr) / xcr) × ES3600
fscr = 0 MPa
Max permitted tensile stress in reinf -Table 8.6.1; fs = 322 MPa
PASS - Area of tension reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required for crack control
PASS - Actual bar spacing exceeds minimum allowable
Fire resistance
Average axis distance to bottom reinforcement; am,bot = cnom_b + φv + φbot / 2 = 53 mm
Average axis distance to top reinforcement; am,top = cnom_t + φv + φtop / 2 = 51 mm
PASS - Average axis distance greater than required due to fire