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Radio Waves and Communication Systems

The document discusses various communication technologies, including radar systems that use radio waves for detection, satellite communication links, and the role of modems and transponders in data transmission. It also covers optical fiber dispersion, Kepler's laws of planetary motion, the Doppler effect, and laser operation principles. Additionally, it compares Fixed Channel Allocation (FCA) and Dynamic Channel Allocation (DCA) in mobile communication systems.

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Himansu Sekhar Sahu
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3 views1 page

Radio Waves and Communication Systems

The document discusses various communication technologies, including radar systems that use radio waves for detection, satellite communication links, and the role of modems and transponders in data transmission. It also covers optical fiber dispersion, Kepler's laws of planetary motion, the Doppler effect, and laser operation principles. Additionally, it compares Fixed Channel Allocation (FCA) and Dynamic Channel Allocation (DCA) in mobile communication systems.

Uploaded by

Himansu Sekhar Sahu
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

a) radar using radio waves to detect objects and communication systems

utilizing radio waves for data transmission Radar systems detect and
locate objects by transmitting radio waves, which then reflect off the
target and return to the radar
b) Satellite links, also known as satellite communication, involve
transmitting signals between Earth and satellites in space. These links
are categorized by their altitude, coverage, and intended use.
c) Dispersion in optical fiber refers to the phenomenon where different
wavelengths of light travel at different speeds within the fiber, causing
pulses to spread out and degrade over time
d) A modem is a device that converts digital signals from a computer into
analog signals for transmission over a telephone line or cable network,
and vice versa.

e) a transponder is a critical subsystem that receives, amplifies, and


retransmits signals between Earth stations and satellites. Crosslinks,
on the other hand, facilitate communication between satellites,
enabling data exchange and coordination within a satellite
constellation.
f) Kepler's first law of planetary motion, also known as the law of
ellipses, states that all planets orbit the sun in elliptical paths, with the
sun located at one of the two foci of the ellips Kepler's second law,
also known as the law of equal areas, states that a line connecting a
planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time
g) the critical angle is the angle of incidence at the core-cladding
interface at which light begins to refract instead of being reflected.
The acceptance angle, on the other hand, is the maximum angle at
which light can enter the fiber and still be guided through the core via
total internal reflection
h) The Doppler effect describes the change in frequency of a wave as the
source and observer move relative to each other.
When the source and observer are moving towards each other, the
frequency appears higher and when they are moving apart, the
frequency appears lower .
i) A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical
amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic
radiation
The threshold condition for laser oscillation requires that the round-
trip gain is greater than unity

J)

Fixed Channel Allocation(FCA) Dynamic Channel Allocation(DCA)

Fixed number of channels or


Fixed number of channels are not allocated
voice channels are allocated to
to cells.
cells.

If all the channels are occupied and user


If all the channels are occupied
make a call then Base Station(BS) request
and user make a call then the
more channel to the Mobile Station
call will be blocked in FCA.
Center(MSC).

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