GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 1/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

OPERATION SEQUENCES
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 2
1.1. FOREWORD........................................................................................................................ 2
1.2. OPERATING SEQUENCES ................................................................................................ 2
1.3. SCREEN SHOTS................................................................................................................. 2
2. OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITY.......................................................................................... 3
3. TURNING GEAR OPERATION (COOLDOWN CONTROL) ............................................... 3
3.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 3
3.2. SEQUENCES ...................................................................................................................... 4
3.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................... 5
4. NORMAL START-UP .......................................................................................................... 5
4.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 5
4.2. SEQUENCES ...................................................................................................................... 6
4.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................... 9
5. SYNCHRONIZING............................................................................................................. 10
5.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................... 10
5.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 11
5.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 11
6. LOAD PICK UP ................................................................................................................. 12
6.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................... 12
6.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 13
6.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 13
7. LEAD / LAG MOTORS...................................................................................................... 14
7.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................... 14
7.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 14
7.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 15
8. NORMAL SHUTDOWN ..................................................................................................... 16
8.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................... 16
8.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 16
8.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 17
9. EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN.............................................................................................. 18
9.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................... 18
9.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 18
9.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 18
10. ON-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH ..................................................................................... 19
10.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................... 19
10.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 19
10.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 20
11. OFF-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH.................................................................................... 21
11.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................... 21
11.2. SEQUENCES .................................................................................................................... 22
11.3. FINAL CONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 23

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_TOC4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 2/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. FOREWORD

After on-site installation, the first commissioning of the gas turbine is carried out with the
participation of General Electric Engineers and according to the specific commissioning
procedures.
The present document, which relates to the operation of the gas turbine, only addresses
the normal operating procedures.
Each technical intervention on the gas turbine must be backed up by a work permit.
Strict adherence to the work permit procedures guarantees the safety of the personnel as
well as observance of the initial functional configuration of equipments.

1.2. OPERATING SEQUENCES

The sequences described in the tables below include initial conditions, sequences and
final conditions. The sequences are represented in four columns:
x The first column, titled Input, lists the manually initiated actions and significant
thresholds in sequences execution
x The second column describes the main events
x The third column, titled Output, lists the principal motors
x The last column, title Status, specifies the status of the relevant component or
sequence:
¾ 0 means that the motor stops
¾ 1 means that the motor runs
¾ 2min means that the sequence lasts 2 minutes

1.3. SCREEN SHOTS

The screen shots included in this document are carried out without equipment of control
connected to the gas turbine. The posted physical values are thus not representative of
operating parameters.
Example: -18°C for the exhaust temperature.
These sights only facilitate the understanding of the text.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 3/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

2. OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITY

The operator is a person, authorized by his employer, who is familiar with the operation
of a turbo-generator used for electrical power generation.
His role consists in conducting the installation in accordance with the relevant
operational, system and personal safety procedures.

3. TURNING GEAR OPERATION (COOLDOWN CONTROL)

3.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

This operation consists of starting the shaft turning gear after a complete shutdown of the
gas turbine.
The initial conditions are as follows :
x No works in progress on the gas turbine, no work permit opened
x Shaft at complete standstill
x Control cabinets energized and operational
x Power equipment available and operational
x Fluids available with the correct levels
x No unjustified alarms
x Fire detection and protection are operational
x Availability of fuel is not required if the machine is not to be fired.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 4/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

3.2. SEQUENCES

Input Description Output State

Cooldown
The cooldown is selected.
Control : On
The visual alarms on the turbine compartment blink to Blinking
Start command
indicate the imminent start-up of the gas turbine. duration
The selected auxiliary oil pump starts, the oil pressure
88QA 1
builds up.
Start up of the mist eliminator fan. 88QV 1
The lube oil compartment ventilation starts 88BL 1
The GT bearing number 2 ventilation starts 88BN 1
The turning gear motor starts. 88TG 1
The shaft starts, the "zero speed" signal detects the
14HR
start of rotation.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 5/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

3.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

The shaft line rotates at low speed and the gas turbine is available for start-up.
Deselecting the turning gear sequence will stop the shaft line rotation if the turbine is
cold.

4. NORMAL START-UP

4.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

This operation consists in starting up the gas turbine from standstill or from turning gear
speed to nominal speed.
The initial conditions are as follows :
x No works in progress on the gas turbine, no work permit opened.
x Shaft line at standstill or at turning gear speed.
x No alarm on the control cabinets.
x Fire detection and protection operational.
x Control cabinets energized and operational.
x Power equipment available and operational.
x Fluids available with the correct levels.
x Fuel available.
x Start-up permissives (green status).
x Power grid available if the machine is started up for electrical power supply..

If the shaft is already turning, following the start command, the starting frequency
converter starts, the turning motor stops and the sequence proceeds as described below.

When the gas turbine has been at standstill for more than two days without barring, it is
recommended to start the auxiliaries first and keep the machine at turning speed for few
minutes, as described in the above chapter “cool down control”. After few minutes
running, the normal start up sequence may be initiated.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 6/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

4.2. SEQUENCES

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 7/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 8/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

Input Description Output State

Mode select :
The automatic mode is selected.
Auto
Master control : The visual alarms of the turbine compartment blink to indicate Blinking
Start the imminent start. duration
Start up of the selected main oil pump, pressure builds up. 88QA 1
The emergency lube oil pump proceed to test sequence 88QE 1/0
The turbine compartment ventilation proceed to test
88BT 1/0
sequence.
The turbine compartment ventilation is running 88BT 1
The gas compartment ventilation proceed to test sequence. 88VL 1/0
The gas compartment ventilation is running 88VL 1
The oil mist eliminator fan starts. 88QV 1
Start up of the high pressure oil pump. 88HQ 1
The lube oil compartment cooling fan is running. 88BL 1
The GT bearing number 2 ventilation starts 88BN 1
The turning gear motor start up. 88TG 1
The shaft line breaks away, the "zero speed" signal detects
14HR
the rotation.
Start up of starting frequency converter. SFC 1
14HT The gas leak test is activated
14HM The shaft line speed reaches the minimum speed threshold.
The turning gear motor stop. 88TG 0
The ventilation of the load compartment is active. 88VG 1
The turbine speed reaches purge speed.
The generator compartment ventilation starts. 88GV 1
The exhaust duct purge cycle is activated,
for Simple cycle, 3 min
or for Combined cycle. 12 min
The turbine speed drop down to firing speed.
The firing sequence is enabled.
The ignition transformers are energized.
The fuel valves open.
The presence of flame is detected in the combustion
28FD
chambers.
After firing, the fuel flow is maintained to its warm up value for
1 min
1 minute.
The fuel flow increases gradually to accelerate the shaft line.
14HA The "acceleration" speed threshold is reached.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 9/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

Input Description Output State

14HC The self sustaining speed threshold is reached.
The starting frequency converter stops. SFC 0
14HS Start up of the exhaust frame cooling blower. 88TK 1
The generator is energized.
The turbine reaches its rated speed

4.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

Lubrication of the shaft line is ensured by one of the two AC lube oil pump.
Gas turbine is at nominal speed, generator excited at nominal voltage, turbo-generator
set ready to be synchronized to the grid for electrical power supply.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 10/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

5. SYNCHRONIZING

5.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

This operation consists in synchronizing the turbo-generator set to the grid for electrical
power generation.

The initial conditions are as follows:

x Turbine at nominal speed.
x Generator excited at nominal voltage.
x Grid available.
The sequence described below corresponds to an automatic operation.

Manual synchronizing is allowed if the following conditions are fulfilled:

x Identical generator and grid voltages.
x Identical generator and grid frequencies.
x Identical phase.
Manual operation is the responsibility of the operator. Automatic synchronizing process is
to be preferred.

RESYNC push button has the same function as automatic synchronizing. It must be used
to allow automatic re-synchronizing.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 11/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

5.2. SEQUENCES

Input Description Output State

Sync Control : The speedtronic adjust the speed of the unit and the
AUTO SYNC generator voltage.
The generator circuit breaker closes automatically.
The compressor bleed valves close.

5.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

Unit reach spinning reserve load.

Turbo-generator set is operational to produce full electrical power supply.
Generator voltage can be adjusted manually to satisfy the reactive power conditions.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 12/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

6. LOAD PICK UP

6.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

This operation consists in adjusting the active power.

The initial conditions are as follows:

x Turbo-generator set synchronized to the grid.
x Grid available for loading.

The operator can choose one of the following loading modes:

Preselected Ld : the load reaches a preselected power according to a loading slope

defined by the Speedtronic.
Base Load : the load increase until the base load is reached according to a loading
slope defined by the Speedtronic.
Action on + / - Speed push buttons cancels Base mode selection.
External : The load follows the external load command given by remote operation
according to a loading slope defined by the Speedtronic.
Action on + / - Speed push buttons cancels External mode selection.

Manual : Action on + / - Speed push buttons allows the operator to adjust the load.

The operator can choose one of the following generator modes:

Off : Automatic voltage control by generator control.
PF : Automatic Power factor control according to setpoint selected by the operator.
VAR : Automatic Reactive Power control according to setpoint selected by the operator

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 13/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

6.2. SEQUENCES

6.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

The set generates the power required by the operator.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 14/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

7. LEAD / LAG MOTORS

7.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

Some motors and associated driven components like pumps, fans, boosters, are
redundant and running in a lead/lag philosophy which means that the operating motor is
the “lead” motor, the other been in standby. The operator has the choice to select the
motor to run by #1 Lead or #2 Lead, and to change over to the standby motor at any
time, to balance the running hours. Changeover is manual, or automatic in case of failure
of the active motor.
Auto Rotate : Enable / Disable : if Enable is selected, the automatic change over occurs
at each starting sequence of the gas turbine. If Disable is selected, the lead motor
selected by the operator remain the same at each gas turbine starting up.
Prior to any manual changeover, check that the relevant motor and associated system
are available.

7.2. SEQUENCES

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 15/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

7.2.1. MANUAL CHANGE OVER

Input Description Output State

#1 Lead or The operator select the standby motor to become the
#2 Lead “lead” motor.
Confirm select The operator confirm the choice.
The standby motor starts and keeps running. 1
The previous lead motor stops after and become
0
“standby”.

7.2.2. AUTOMATIC CHANGE OVER

Suppose two redundant motors and associated driven components M1 and M2. M1 is the
lead motor, M2 is the standby motor. If M1 fails, M2 starts automatically, a corresponding
alarm will inform the operator. The speedtronic logic will keep in memory that M1 is “lead”,
the operator must select “M2 lead” to confirm unavailability of M1.

7.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

Selected motor is active, the other motor has stopped.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 16/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

8. NORMAL SHUTDOWN

8.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

This operation consists in shutting down the gas turbine-generator set.
The initial conditions are as follows :
1-Set synchronized to the grid
Or
2-Gas Turbine at full speed no-load

8.2. SEQUENCES

Input Description Output State

1- Set synchronized to the grid.
Master control : The turbine active power decreases if the generator is
Stop connected to the network.
The reverse power relay opens the generator circuit
breaker.
The bleed valves open.
2- Set at full speed no load.
Deceleration of the shaft line as a result of the fuel flow
reduction.
14HS The exhaust frame blower stop. 88TK 0
28FD Loss of flame is detected.
The gas leak test is activated.
The gas compartment ventilation stops 88VL 0
The ventilation of the load compartment is stopped. 88VG 0
14HM Start up of the turning motor. 88TG 1
The generator compartment ventilation stops. 88GV 0
The turbine compartment ventilation stops 88BT 0
14HT The hydraulic pump stops. 88HQ 0
The turbine operates on turning mode for at least 24
hours.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 17/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

8.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

The shaft line is rotating at turning gear speed to allow the cooling cycle to be carried out.
The compartments fans remain in operation according to the compartments temperature.
The cooling water pump remains in operation according to lube oil temperature.
Deselecting the turning gear sequence is forbidden during the first hours of cooling.
Normal restart is possible at any time.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 18/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

9. EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN

9.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

This manual or automatic operation consists in quickly closing the gas valve in order to
stop the fuel flow.

This action can be initiated with the gas turbine loaded, starting or in normal shutdown
condition:
x Either by pressing an emergency shutdown pushbutton.
x Or through the operation of an electrical or mechanical protection.

9.2. SEQUENCES

The sequence is similar to a normal shutdown, with instantaneous loss of flame.

An alarm indicates the cause of the fault.

9.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

Gas turbine is at turning gear speed.

It is imperative to eliminate the fault that has caused the emergency shutdown before
any restart of the Gas Turbine.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 19/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

10. ON-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH

10.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

This operation consists in carrying out a compressor wash at nominal speed.

The initial conditions are as follows:
x Turbine at base load therefore IGVs are fully open.
x Washing skid available.
x The compressor inlet temperature is appropriate for the on line washing.

10.2. SEQUENCES

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 20/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

Input Description Output State

On Line Water
The on line washing is selected. 88BW 1
Wash : Start
After 30 minutes, washing stops automatically. 88BW 0

10.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

Gas turbine is running in a cleaner condition.
The next on line washing cannot be started 24 hours after start up of the previous one.
Wash frequency depends on the site conditions and the operation of the gas turbine.
Follow-up of the main operating parameters as a function of the ambient conditions allows
to determine the need of washing.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 21/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

11. OFF-LINE COMPRESSOR WASH

11.1. INITIAL CONDITIONS

This operation consists in carrying out a compressor wash sequence according to phases
A, B, C, D, E as indicated on the graph below:
A : Turbine at cranking speed : pre-wash and detergent application cycle.
B : Turbine at turning gear speed : soak cycle.
C : Turbine at cranking speed : rinse cycle.
D : Turbine stopped to allow the water to be recovered by gravity.
E : Turbine at cranking speed : drying cycle.

OFF line wash cycle

30

A B C D E
Turbine speed

20

10

0
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 78 84 90

Time

The initial conditions are as follows:

x Gas turbine at standstill or at cool down sequence, in cold condition, i.e. difference
between highest wheelspace temperature and wash water temperature must not
exceed 67°C. Example: if the water temperature is 80°C, the temperature inside the
turbine should be less than or equal to 80 + 67 = 147°C.
x Ambient temperature higher than 4°C to avoid any risk of frost.
x Water Wash reserve available and at a temperature between 66°C and 93°C.
x Detergent reserve available.
x Compressor and gas turbine manual valves open or closed according to compressor
washing procedure established from information given in the maintenance chapter.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 22/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

11.2. SEQUENCES

Input Description Output State

Crank
Select “Crank mode” on the main display. A
mode
Off line
Select “ON” on the Off line Water Wash screen. A
water wash
Start Select “Start” on the main display to start the gas turbine. A
Turbine starts and accelerates to water wash reference speed. A
IGV’s open fully and turbine frame blower start. A
Pre-wash water is injected automatically. A
Initiate
Select “Initiate Wash” on the water wash screen. A
Wash
Detergent is injected automatically in a pulsed mode A
At the end of the detergent injection main cycle, the starting
B
means stop and the turbine coast down to turning gear speed.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009
 GE Energy

Rev. : A
Page : 23/23
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
OPERATION

Input Description Output State

The gas turbine remains at turning gear speed for soak cycle. 20 min
Initiate
Select “Initiate Rinse” on the water wash screen. C
Rinse
Turbine starts and accelerates to water wash reference speed. C
Water is injected automatically in a pulsed mode C
At the end of rinse cycle, the Speedtronic proposes to the
choice between “Extra Rinse” or “End Rinse” C
Operator choice is according to water sample quality.
Extra Select “Extra Rinse” on the water wash screen to carry out
C
Rinse additional rinse.
End Rinse Select “End Rinse” on the water wash screen. D
Stop Select “Stop” on the main display. D
The gas turbine coast down to turning gear speed. D
Off line
Select “Off” on the Off line Water Wash screen. D
water wash
Wash, Soak and Rinse cycle are completed. D
Master
Execute a “Master Reset” on the main display. D
Reset
Select “Start” on the main display to start the gas turbine for
Start E
Drying cycle.
Turbine starts and accelerates to drying cycle reference speed. ~20 min
The operator must insure that there is no more water flowing
E
out of the drain.
Stop Select “Stop” on the main display to stop the gas turbine. E
The gas turbine coast down to turning gear speed. E

11.3. FINAL CONDITIONS

After compressor washing, the compressor valves must be back in original configuration
before to start and fire the gas turbine.
The gas turbine must be re-started to full speed within 24 hours to complete the drying out
process.

All right reserved copyright - Droits de reproduction réservés

OMMO_4_6FA_E0765_EN_V6 Revision: A Date: 01/2009