KMM 2022 Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics.
09 April, 2017
Prof. Dr. Hasan Sadıkoğlu
YTU, Faculty of Chemical Metallurgical Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
Problem Set 3
1- Air enters a 28-cm diameter pipe steadily at
200 kPa and 20 °C with a velocity of 5 m/s.
Air is heated as it flows, and leaves the pipe
at 180 kPa and 40°C. Determine
(a) the volume flow rate of air at the inlet,
(b) the mass flow rate of air, and
(c) the velocity and volume flow rate at the
exit.
2- A spherical hot-air balloon is initially filled with air at 120 kPa and 20°C with an
initial diameter of 5 m. Air enters this balloon at 120 kPa and 20°C with a velocity of
3 m/s through a 1-m diameter opening. How many minutes will it take to inflate this
balloon to a 15-m diameter when the pressure and temperature of the air in the
balloon remain the same as the air entering the balloon?
3- A pump increases the water pressure from 100 kPa at the
inlet to 900 kPa at the outlet. Water enters this pump at 15°C
through a 1-cm-diameter opening and exits through a 1.5-cm-
diameter opening. Determine the velocity of the water at the
inlet and outlet when the mass flow rate through the pump is
0.5 kg/s. Will these velocities change significantly if the inlet
temperature is raised to 40°C?
4- A house is maintained at 1 atm and 24°C, and warm air inside a house is forced to
leave the house at a rate of 50 m3/h as a result of outdoor air at 5°C infiltrating into the
house through the cracks. Determine the rate of net energy loss of the house due to
mass transfer.
5- The diffuser in a jet engine is designed to decrease the
kinetic energy of the air entering the engine compressor
without any work or heat interactions. Calculate the
velocity at the exit of a diffuser when air at 100 kPa and
30°C enters it with a velocity of 350 m/s and the exit state
is 200 kPa and 90°C.
6- Steam enters a nozzle at 400°C and 800 kPa with a
velocity of 10 m/s, and leaves at 300°C and 200 kPa while
losing heat at a rate of 25 kW. For an inlet area of 800cm2,
determine the velocity and the volume flow rate of the
steam at the nozzle exit.
7- Carbon dioxide enters an adiabatic nozzle steadily at 1 MPa and 500°C with a mass
flow rate of 6000 kg/h and leaves at 100 kPa and 450 m/s. The inlet area of the nozzle
is 40 cm2. Determine (a) the inlet velocity and (b) the exit temperature.
8- Steam flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine. The
inlet conditions of the steam are 4 MPa, 500°C, and 80
m/s, and the exit conditions are 30 kPa, 92 percent quality,
and 50 m/s. The mass flow rate of the steam is 12 kg/s.
Determine (a) the change in kinetic energy, (b) the power
output, and (c) the turbine inlet area.
9- Steam flows steadily into a turbine with a mass flow rate of 26 kg/s and a negligible
velocity at 6 MPa and 600 ºC. The steam leaves the turbine at 0.5 MPa and 200 ºC
with a velocity of 180 m/s. The rate of work done by the steam in the turbine is
measured to be 20 MW. If the elevation change between the turbine inlet and exit is
negligible, determine the rate of heat transfer associated with this process.
10- In steam power plants, open feed water heaters are frequently utilized to heat the feed-
water by mixing it with steam bled off the turbine at some intermediate stage.
Consider an open feed-water heater that operates at a pressure of 1000 kPa. Feed-
water at 50 ºC and 1000 kPa is to be heated with superheated steam at 200 ºC and
1000 kPa. In an ideal feed-water heater, the mixture leaves the heater as saturated
liquid at the feed-water pressure. Determine the ratio of the mass flow rates of the
feed-water and the superheated vapor for this case.