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Lipoprotein Metabolism Tutorial Guide

The document is a tutorial on lipoprotein metabolism for BDS Year 1 students, covering true/false statements, multiple-choice questions, and short answer questions related to lipoproteins, cholesterol biosynthesis, atherosclerosis, and clinical case studies. It includes assessments of knowledge on apolipoproteins, enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, and implications of cholesterol levels in cardiovascular disease risk. Additionally, it discusses the pharmacological treatment of hypercholesterolemia and the concept of familial hypercholesterolemia.

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7 views3 pages

Lipoprotein Metabolism Tutorial Guide

The document is a tutorial on lipoprotein metabolism for BDS Year 1 students, covering true/false statements, multiple-choice questions, and short answer questions related to lipoproteins, cholesterol biosynthesis, atherosclerosis, and clinical case studies. It includes assessments of knowledge on apolipoproteins, enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, and implications of cholesterol levels in cardiovascular disease risk. Additionally, it discusses the pharmacological treatment of hypercholesterolemia and the concept of familial hypercholesterolemia.

Uploaded by

m-6353961
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tutorial: Lipoprotein Metabolism DIA1003 BDS Year 1 2024.

2025
Department of Molecular Medicine
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shatrah Othman

Part 1: Write True/False for each of the following statements

1. Regarding lipoprotein metabolism


a. Chylomicrons carry dietary lipids
b. VLDL are synthesised in the liver
c. HDL is rich in triacylglycerols
d. CETP is found on LDL

2. Regarding cholesterol biosynthesis


a. The precursor originates from β-oxidation
b. It is stimulated by insulin
c. It can be inhibited by statins
d. The regulatory enzyme is HMG-CoA synthase

3. Regarding the roles of cholesterol


a. It is a precursor of vitamin E
b. It is important for cell membrane fluidity
c. It is a precursor for insulin synthesis
d. It is a precursor for oestrogen

4. Regarding the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis


a. Oxidised LDL cannot be recognized by the scavenger receptors
b. Macrophages transform into monocytes at the site of endothelial injury
c. Fatty streak is formed from deposition of lipid-loaded foam cells
d. Fibrosis and calcification will harden fatty streak into plaque

5. Regarding bile acids


a. They are reabsorbed in the enterohepatic circulation
b. They are important for intestinal absorption of vitamin E
c. Primary bile acids are converted to secondary bile acids in the liver
d. They cause precipitation of cholesterol in the gallbladder
Part 2: MCQ

1. Which apolipoprotein activates lipoprotein lipase (LPL)?


A) Apo E
B) Apo A-I
C) Apo C-II
D) Apo B-100

2. Which apolipoprotein is recognized by the LDL receptor for cholesterol uptake into cells?
A) Apo A-I
B) Apo C-III
C) Apo B-100
D) Apo B-48

3. Which enzyme is essential for the hydrolysis of triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDL at the
peripheral tissues?
A) Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)
B) Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)
C) Hepatic lipase
D) Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)

4. Which lipoprotein is responsible for transporting dietary triglycerides and cholesterol from the
intestines to other tissues?
A) HDL
B) LDL
C) VLDL
D) Chylomicrons

5. What role does the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) play in lipoprotein
metabolism?
A) Hydrolysing triglycerides in chylomicrons
B) Esterifying free cholesterol in HDL
C) Activating lipoprotein lipase
D) Transferring TAG and cholesteryl esters between lipoproteins
Part 3: SAQ

Encik Talib, 50 years old, with a height of 170 cm and a body weight of 80 kg, went for a medical
check-up. Below are his blood test results:

Parameters mg/dL Normal values mg/dL


Fasting blood glucose 134 70-100
Total Cholesterol 224 <200
Triacylglycerol 295 60-150
HDL 34 >50
LDL 125 <100

Encik Talib was prescribed pravastatin and cholestyramine by the doctor.

a) What can you conclude from the test results? What other information would be beneficial in
the history-taking for the assessment of risk for CVD?

b) Calculate the LDL:HDL ratio. Discuss this value as an indicator for CVD risk assessment.

c) What are the sources of body cholesterol?

d) Explain the mechanism of action of the medicines given to Encik Talib.

e) What is familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH)?

f) What are the clinical features in the diagnosis of FH?

g) Further enquiries and investigations confirm that Encik Talib does not have FH. Discuss how
a long-term high cholesterol diet may also result in hypercholesterolaemia.

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