Solution

MOTION

Class 09 - Science
Section A
1.
(d) 6.36 km h-1, 0
Explanation:
5.5 km
Time taken by the man to go from his home to the market, t1 = −1
= 1.0 h
5.5 km h

5.5 km
Time taken by the man to return back from the market to his home, t2 = −1
= 0.73 h
7.5 km h

∴ Total time taken = t1 + t2 = 1.0 h + 0.73 h = 1.73 h = 140 min

Displacement
Average velocity = =0
Time taken

2.
(c) 13.5 km h-1
Explanation:
Let, the boy runs with speed v for next 20 min
Given that, average speed = 12 km/h-1
Total distance covered
As, average speed =
Total time taken
Total distance covered
12 = (10+20)
h
60

⇒ Total distance covered = 12 × 30

60
= 12 × 1

2
= 6 km
Distance covered in 10 min = 9 × 10

60
= 1.5 km
Remaining distance = 6 - 1.5 = 4.5 km
For next 20 min, he should run with speed
= 4.5 × 3 = 13.5 km h-1
4.5
v= 20

60

3.
(d) 7.2 m-1 S2
Explanation:
For motion with uniform acceleration a1:
From v = u + at
v = a1t1 (∵ u = 0), ∴ t1 = v

a1
...(i)

at2,
1
and from s = ut + 2

Using eqn. (i)

s1 = 1

2
a1( v

a1
) = 2a1
v
...(ii)
For motion with uniform retardation a2:
From v = u + at
v = a2t2 (∵ v = 0, u = v, a = -a2)
t2 = ( v

a2
) ...(iii)

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 and from s = ut + 1

2
at2
2

s2 = v v

a2
+
1

2
(− a2 ) ⋅
v

2
a
2
2 2 2
v v v
s2 = a2
−
2a2
= 2a2
...(iv)
Given, s1 + s2 = 4 km and t1 + t2 = 4 min, so using (ii) and (iv),
2
v

2
(
1

a1
+
a2
1
) = 4 ...(v)
1 1
and v( a1
+
a2
) = 4 ...(vi)
Dividing eqn. (v) by eqn. (vi), we get v = 2
Putting this in eqn. (vi),
2 2
1

a1
+
1

a2
=2 min
= 2×3600 s

1000 m
km

= 7.2 m-1 s2

4.
(c) in accelerated motion
Explanation:
In a merry go round,the speed is constant but the velocity is not constant because its direction will be changing i.e, there is
acceleration in the [Link] the boy is in accelerated motion.

5.
(c) falls back in his hand
Explanation:
A person sitting in the truck projected a ball vertically upwards. The ball will fall back in his hand as the ball and the truck are
moving at the same speed.

6.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Displacement may be positive, negative or zero. Displacement is a vector quantity.

Section B

7. Speed Velocity
(i) It is the rate of change of distance. (i) It is the rate of change of displacement.
(ii) It is a scalar quantity. (ii) It is a vector quantity.
(iii) It is always positive. (iii)It can be positive negative or zero.
8. Given
Initial speed of bus, u = 0 ms-1
Final speed of bus, v = ?
Acceleration, a = 0.1 ms-2
Time, t = 2 min = 120 s
Distance travelled, s = ?
i) We know, v = u + at
or v = 0 + 0.1 × 120 = 12 ms-1
ii) To find distance travelled, we use the equation
S = ut + 1

2
at2
or S = 0 × 120 + 1

2
× 0.1 × (120)2 = 720 m
Therefore
Final speed acquired = 12 ms-1
Distance travelled = 720 m

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 Section C
9. i. Velocity-time graph is a straight line. Therefore, it represents uniformly accelerated motion.
ii. Velocity-time graph is a straight line parallel to the time axis. It represents uniform motion.
iii. Velocity-time graph is a straight line having a negative slope. It represents uniformly retarded motion.
iv. Velocity-time graph is a curve having a negative slope. It represents non-uniformly retarded motion.
10. Height = h
Distance = s = 320 m
Acceleration due to gravity = g = 10 m/s2
Initial velocity = u =0
(i) from s = ut + at 1

2
2

1 2
h = ut × gt
2
1 2
320 = 0 × t + × 10 × t
2
320×2 2
= t
10
−−
64 = t
2
t = √64
t = 8 sec
(ii) from v = u + at
v = 0 + 10 × 8

v = 80 m/s
Section D
11. i. The slope of a velocity graph represents the acceleration of the object. So, the value of the slope at a particular time
represents the acceleration of the object at that instant.
ii. The area under the velocity-time graph will always give the displacement, no matter whether the motion is uniform or not.
iii. The area under the acceleration graph for a certain time interval is equal to the change in velocity during that time interval.
OR
From Newton's second equation of motion, we have s = ut+ at2, For zero initial velocity, when s ∝ t2 then acceleration
1

remains constant.
Section E
12. a. Total distance covered by Joseph in 2 min and 30 seconds = AB
Displacement of Joseph in 2 min and 30 seconds = AB = 300 m
Total time taken = 2 min 30 s
= 2 × 60 s + 30 s = 150 s
Total distance covered
Average speed = Total time taken
300m
= 150s

= 2 ms-1
Displacement
Average velocity = Total time taken

= 300m

150s

= 2 ms-1
Thus, average speed = average velocity = 2 ms-1
b. Total distance covered by Joseph = AB + BC
= 300 m + 100 m = 400 m
Displacement of Joseph = AC,
the shortest distances between initial and final position = 200 m
Total time taken = 2 minutes 30 seconds + 1 min
= 3 min 30 s = 3 x 60 min + 30 s
= 210 s
Total distance covered
Average speed = Total time taken
400m
= 210s

= 1.90ms-1
Displacement
Average velocity = Total time taken

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 = 200m

210s

= 0.952 ms-1
13. i. OA represented uniform acceleration and AB represented zero acceleration or constant velocity.
ii. The velocity of the body after the 20s is 20 m/s a and after 80 s is zero or the body comes to rest.
= -1 m/s2
(0 – 20) −20
iii. The negative acceleration of the body/retardation = =
20
(80 – 60)

iv. Distance covered by the body between 20th and 60th second = (60 - 20) × 20 m/s = 40 × 20 m/s = 800 m.

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