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Understanding Respiration in Organisms

Respiration in organisms consists of two phases: breathing, which includes inhalation and exhalation, and cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down with oxygen to produce energy. The breathing rate refers to the number of breaths taken per minute, typically 15-18 for adults. Insects have spiracles for gas exchange located on their sides, while leaves have stomata primarily on their undersides, with stomata being more numerous and not leading to an extensive network like spiracles.

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4 views2 pages

Understanding Respiration in Organisms

Respiration in organisms consists of two phases: breathing, which includes inhalation and exhalation, and cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down with oxygen to produce energy. The breathing rate refers to the number of breaths taken per minute, typically 15-18 for adults. Insects have spiracles for gas exchange located on their sides, while leaves have stomata primarily on their undersides, with stomata being more numerous and not leading to an extensive network like spiracles.

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siddhi4yamarpu
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RESPIRATION IN ORGANISMS

1. Respiration process occurs in two phases.


a. What are they? Describe each one.
b. Define the term breathing rate.
Answer:
(a) Respiration involves two steps- breathing and cellular respiration. Breathing
involves two major processes.

• Inhalation is the process of taking in of air, which is rich in oxygen,


inside our body.
• Exhalation is the process of giving out of air which is rich in carbon
dioxide from our body to the external environment.

Cellular respiration is the process of breakdown of glucose with the help of oxygen
to produce energy for performing various functions. It occurs within the cells.

(b) The number of times a person breathes in a minute is called as breathing rate.
An adult human being can inhale or exhale 15-18 times in a minute. Breathing rate
is not constant always.

2. Insects and leaves of a plant have pores through which they exchange gases
with the atmosphere. Write two points of differences between these pores with
respect to their position, number and extension into the body?
Ans: Pores present on the sides of insects are called spiracles while pores present
on the surface of leaves are called stomata. These structures are responsible for the
exchange of gases with the atmosphere.
Differences between these two are as follows

Spiracles (Insects) Stomata (Leaves)

Spiracles are found on the side of the Stomata are present under the leaves
body of the insects. (or on the leaf surface as in certain
aquatic plants like lotus).
Spiracles are fewer in number Stomata are more in number than
spiracles

Spiracles lead to an extensive network Stomata does not lead to an extensive


of tracheal system. network. They open and close for the
exchange of gases.

3. Draw a neatly labelled diagram of the Human Respiratory system.

5. Justify the statement that composition of inhaled air and exhaled air is not
same.
Ans: Composition of inhaled air and exhaled air is not same, as exhaled air has
more carbon di oxide and less oxygen, because oxygen inhaled is used up for
oxidation of food, and the carbon di oxide produced during cellular respiration is
exhaled. Inhaled air has more oxygen than carbon di oxide.

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