Ferranti Effect:
The Ferranti Effect is the phenomenon where the voltage at the receiving end of a long
transmission line is higher than the sending end voltage under no-load or light-load
conditions.
This occurs primarily due to the capacitive charging current of the transmission line, which
causes a voltage rise along the line.
Eqn (iv) show that,
Hyperbolic form of the eqn
Flat line or Infinite line & Surge impedene
Medium length transmission
Short transmission