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Genotype Frequencies in Random Mating

The document presents a problem set on population genetics focusing on random mating populations and the calculation of genotype and allele frequencies across generations. It includes detailed calculations for three populations (A, B, and C) and their respective first and second generations, demonstrating that gene and genotypic frequencies do not change after one generation of random mating. Additionally, it discusses the crossing of two populations and the attainment of genetic equilibrium by the second generation.

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Mika Yssa Marcelino
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8 views3 pages

Genotype Frequencies in Random Mating

The document presents a problem set on population genetics focusing on random mating populations and the calculation of genotype and allele frequencies across generations. It includes detailed calculations for three populations (A, B, and C) and their respective first and second generations, demonstrating that gene and genotypic frequencies do not change after one generation of random mating. Additionally, it discusses the crossing of two populations and the attainment of genetic equilibrium by the second generation.

Uploaded by

Mika Yssa Marcelino
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

JOELLEE L. AGUIRRE GWEN IRIS D.

EMPLEO, PhD
Student, MSc in Plant Breeding Associate Professor

POPULATION GENETICS
Problem Set 3
RANDOM MATING POPULATION

1. Given random mating and the absence of mutation migration, and selection, what
will be the genotype and allele frequencies in the zygotes of the first and second
generation of a very large population if the initial population had the following
genotype frequencies? (Show your solution)

Population Genotype
AA Aa aa

A 0.25 0.50 0.25

p (A) = 0.25 + ½ (0.50) = 0.50 p (a) = 0.25 + ½ (0.50) = 0.50


1st Gen
p (AA) = 0.502 = 0.25 p (Aa) = 2(0.50)(0.50) = 0.50 p (aa) = (0.50)2 = 0.25
p (A) = 0.25 + ½ (0.50) = 0.50 p (a) = 0.25 + ½ (0.50) = 0.50
nd
2 Gen
p (AA) = 0.502 = 0.25 p (Aa) = 2(0.50)(0.50) = 0.50 p (aa) = (0.50)2 = 0.25
p (A) = 0.25 + ½ (0.50) = 0.50 p (a) = 0.25 + ½ (0.50) = 0.50

B 0.40 0.00 0.60

p (A) = 0.40 + ½ (0.00) = 0.40 p (a) = 0.60 + ½ (0.00) = 0.60


st
1 Gen
p (AA) = (0.40)2 = 0.16 p (Aa) = 2(0.40)(0.60) = 0.48 p (aa) = (0.60)2 = 0.36
p (A) = 0.16 + ½ (0.48) = 0.4 p (a) = 0.36 + ½ (0.48) = 0.60
2nd Gen
p (AA) = (0.40)2 = 0.16 p (Aa) = 2(0.40)(0.60) = 0.48 p (aa) = (0.60)2 = 0.36
p (A) = 0.16 + ½ (0.48) = 0.4 p (a) = 0.36 + ½ (0.48) = 0.60

C 0.40 0.30 0.30

p (A) = 0.40 + ½ (0.30) = 0.55 p (a) = 0.30 + ½ (0.30) = 0.45


1st Gen
p (AA) = (0.55)2 = 0.3025 p (Aa) = 2(0.55)(0.45) = 0.495 p (aa) = (0.45)2 = 0.2025
p (A) = 0.3025 + ½ (0.495) = 0.55 p (a) = 0.2025 + ½ (0.495) = 0.45
nd
2 Gen
p (AA) = (0.55)2 = 0.3025 p (Aa) = 2(0.55)(0.45) = 0.495 p (aa) = (0.45)2 = 0.2025
p (A) = 0.3025 + ½ (0.495) = 0.55 p (a) = 0.2025 + ½ (0.495) = 0.45
Population f(AA) f(Aa) f(aa) f(A) f(a)
A 1st gen 0.25 0.50 0.25 0.50 0.50
2nd gen 0.25 0.50 0.25 0.50 0.50

B 1st gen 0.16 0.48 0.36 0.40 0.60


2nd gen 0.16 0.48 0.36 0.40 0.60

C 1st gen 0.3025 0.495 0.2025 0.55 0.45


2nd gen 0.3025 0.495 0.2025 0.55 0.45

a. Do the gene and genotypic frequencies change after one generation of


random mating?

The gene and genotypic frequencies do not change after one


generation of random mating.

b. How many generations of random mating are needed to achieve genetic


equilibrium?

Only 1 generation of random mating is needed to achieve genetic


equilibrium.

2. Individual of the two populations are crossed at random with the restriction that
Population I is used as males and Population II as females. Given the genotypic
array of the two populations, complete the following tables: (Show your solution)

Population Genotypic Array


I 0.70 AA + 0.10 Aa + 0.20 aa
II 0.50 AA + 0.30 Aa + 0.20 aa
Population I
p (A) = 0.70 + ½ (0.10) = 0.75 p (a) = 0.20 + ½ (0.10) = 0.25
Population II
p (A) = 0.50 + ½ (0.30) = 0.65 p (a) = 0.20 + ½ (0.30) = 0.35

Population A a

I 0.75 0.25

II 0.65 0.35
Generation f(AA) f(Aa) f(aa) f(A) f(a)

1 0.4875 0.4250 0.0875 0.70 0.30

2 0.49 0.42 0.09 0.70 0.30

3 0.49 0.42 0.09 0.70 0.30

1st Gen

p (AA) = (0.75)(0.65) = 0.4875


p (Aa) = (0.75)(0.35) + (0.65)(0.25) = 0.4250
p (aa) = (0.25)(0.35) = 0.0875

p (A) = 0.4875 + ½ (0.4250) = 0.70 p (a) = 0.0875 + ½ (0.4250) = 0.30

2nd Gen

p (AA) = (0.70)2 = 0.49 p (Aa) = 2(0.70)(0.30) = 0.42 p (aa) = (0.30)2 = 0.09


p (A) = 0.49 + ½ (0.42) = 0.70 p (a) = 0.09 + ½ (0.42) = 0.30

3rd Gen

p (AA) = (0.70)2 = 0.49 p (Aa) = 2(0.70)(0.30) = 0.42 p (aa) = (0.30)2 = 0.09


p (A) = 0.49 + ½ (0.42) = 0.70 p (a) = 0.09 + ½ (0.42) = 0.30

a. What is the genotypic array in the hybrid population?

0.4875 AA + 0.4250 Aa + 0.0875 aa

b. What is the genotypic array at equilibrium?

0.49 AA + 0.42 Aa + 0.09 aa

c. In what generation is equilibrium attained?

The equilibrium is attained in the second generation.

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