ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY

Skeletal System

NAME:_______________________________

I. Math the terms in column B with the appropriate description in column A: Write only the
letter of your choice on the space provided.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

______1. Sharp, slender process A. Condyle

______2. Small rounded projection B. Foramen

______3. Large rounded projection C. Fossa

______4. Structure supported on neck D. Head

______5. Armlike projection E. Meatus

______6. Rounded convex projection F. Ramus

______7. Canal-like structure G. Sinus

______8. Round or oval opening through the bone H. Spine

______9. Shallow depression I. Trochanter

______10. Air-filled cavity J. Tubercle

______11. Large, irregularly shaped projection K. Tuberosity

II. Classify each of the bones in the following chart into one of the four major categories by
checking the appropriate column. Use appropriate references as necessary.

Long Short Flat Irregular

1. Humerus
2. Phalanx
3. Parietal (skull bone)
4. Calcaneus (tarsal bone)
5. Rib
6. Vertebra
III. Use the terms below to identify the structures marked by leader lines and brackets in the
diagrams. (Some terms are use more than once).

______1. Articular cartilage ______5. Epiphyseal line ______9. Red marrow

______2. Compact bone ______6. Epiphysis ______10. Spongy bone

______3. Diaphysis ______7. Medullary cavity ______11. Trabeculae of spongy bone

______4. Endosteum ______8. Periosteum ______12. Yellow marrow

IV. Match the bone in column B with descriptions in column A. (some choices may be used
more than once. Write the letter of your choice.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

_____1. Bone forming anterior cranium, or forehead A. Ethmoid

_____2. Cheekbone B. Frontal

_____3. Upper jaw C. Hyoid

_____4. Bridge of nose D. Lacrimal

_____5. Posterior roof of mouth E. Mandible

_____6. Bone pair united by the sagittal suture F. Maxilla

_____7. Site of jugular foramen and carotid canal G. Nasal

_____8. Contains a “saddle” that houses the pituitary gland H. Occipital

_____9. Has an opening that allows tears to pass I. Palatine

_____10. Forms most of the hard palate J. Parietal

_____11. Superior and medial nasal conchae are part of this K. Sphenoid
bone

_____12. Site of external auditory meatus L. Temporal

_____13. Has greater and lesser wings M. Vomer

_____14. Its “holey” plate allows olfactory fibers to pass N. Zygomatic

_____15. Facial bone that contains a sinus

_____16. Three cranial bones containing paranasal sinuses

_____17. Its oval-shaped protrusions articulate with the atlas

_____18. Spinal cord passes through a large opening of this

bone

_____19. Not really a skull bone

_____20. Forms the chin

_____21. Inferior part of nasal septum

_____22. 2 bones contain alveoli bearing teeth

____23. Bears an upward protrusion called the rooster’s comb

V. Using the choices below. Identify the parts of the skull with leader lines in the diagram
below. Write only the letter of your choice

_______1. Mandible

_______2. Frontal

_______3. Temporal

_______4. Parietal

_______5. Glabella

_______6. Zygomaticus

_______7. Mental foramen

_______8. Intraorbital foramen

_______9. Supraorbital foramen

_______10. Nasal bone

_______11. Middle nasal concha

_______12. Vomer

_______13. Inferior nasal concha

_______14. Supraorbital margin

_______15. Optic canal

_______16. Sphenoid bone

_______17. Ethmoid bone

_______18. Lacrimal bone

 VI. Using the key, correctly identify the vertebral parts/areas described below. (More than one
choice may apply in some cases). Also use the key letters to correctly identify the vertebral
areas in the diagram.

Key Choices:

A. Body D. Pedicle G. Transverse process

B. Intervertebral foramina E. Spinous process H. Vertebral arch

C. Lamina F. Superior articular facet I. Vertebral foramen

__________1. Cavity enclosing the nerve cord

__________2. Weight bearing portion of the vertebra

_____,____3. Provide levers against which mucle pull

____,____4. Provide an articulation point of the ribs

_________5. Opening providing for exit of spinal nerves

____, ____6. Structures that form an enclosure for the spinal cord.

VII. The distinguishing characteristics of the vertebrae composing the vertebral column are
noted below. Correctly identify each described structure or region by choosing a response
from the key.

Key answer:

A. Atlas D. Coccyx F. Sacrum

B. Axis E. Lumbar vertebra G. Thoracic vertebra

C. Cervical vertibra-typical

________1 Vertebral type with a bifid (forked) spinous process

________2. Picots on C2; lacks a body

________3. Bear facets for articulation with ribs; form part of bony thoracic cage

________4. Forms a joint with hip bone

________5. Vertebra with blocklike body and short, stout spinous process
________6. “tailbone”

________7. Articulates with the occipital condyles

________8. Five components; unfused

________9. Twelve components; unfused

________10. Five components; fused

VIII. On this illustration of an articulated vertebral column, identify each structure provided with
a leader line by using the key terms. Write only the letter

Key: A. atlas
B. Axis
C. Intervertebral disc
D. two thoracic vertebra
E. two lumbar vertebra
F. sacrum
G. Thoracic
H. Intervertebral foramen
I. Cervical
J. Lumbar
K. Sacral
 IX. Using the terms, identify the regions and landmarks of the bony thorax and answer the
questions below.

________A. body

________B. cartilage

________C. False ribs

________D. Manubrium

________E. Sternum

________F. True ribs

_______G. Xiphoid process

_______H. Jugular notch

_______I. Sternum

_______J. Costal cartilage

X. Using the terms, identify the parts of the skeletal system and answer the questions below.

A. Sternum
B. pelvic girdle
C. Clavicle
D. Ribs
E. Coccyx
F. Sacrum
G. Radius
H. Femur
I. Humerus
J. Mandible
K. Tibula
L. Fibula
M. Patella
N. Skull
O. Ulna
 A. Occipital
B. femur
C. Thoracic
D. Scapula
E. Sacrum
F. Pelvic Girdle
G. Humerus
H. Radius
I. Ulna
J. Clavicle
K. Tibia
L. Fibula
M. Ribs
N. Cervical
O. Lumbar

XI. Use the key terms to identify the joint types described below. Write only the letter.
Key: A. cartilaginous B. Fibrous C. synovial

_________1. Typical allow slight degree of movement

_________2. Include joints between vertebral bodies and the pubic symphysis

_________3. Essentially immovable joints

_________4. Sutures are the most remembered examples

_________5. Cartilage connects the bony portions

_________6. Have fibrous articular capsule line with a synovial membrane surrounding joint activity

_________7. All are free movable or diarthrotic

_________8. Bone regions are united by fibrous connective tissue

_________9. Include the hip, knee, and elbow joints

 XII. Match the joint subcategories in Column B with their descriptions in column A. Write only the letter

_________1. Joint between most skull bones A. ball-and-socket

B. condylar
_________2. Joint between axis and atlas
C. plane
D. hinge
_________3. Hip joint
E. pivot
_________4. Joint between forearm bones and wrist F. saddle
G. Suture
_________5. Elbow H. symphysis
I. syndesmosis
_________6. interphalangeal joints

_________7. Intercarpal joints

_________8. joint between the skull

_________9. Joints between proximal phalanges and metacarpal bones

_________10. Multiaxial joints

XIII. Complete the descriptions below the diagrams by inserting the type of movement in each answer blank.

a. ________________ at the elbow a. ________________ of the foot

b._________________ at the knee

a. ___________________of the upper limb a. ___________________of the head

a. ___________________ of the arm a. ___________________ of the fingers