Ch9 :
· Smut disease > Basidomycetes
-
* dusty masses of spores "Sori" · Telio spores
* dark-thick walled Teliospores · Not obligate parasites
·
fungi causing smut will infect the
whole plant
· Cornsmut- > Ustilago may dis
* immature galls can be eaten o attacks corn + toesinte plant "part of
as a delicacy corn
* Not always lethal to the plant odry brown spores in air "Teliospores"
* Not seed-brone · Grow in culture as yeast
* Thrive in warm weather
* 26 -
30c
Ch10 :
Fusarium
· wilt of tomato-Fusarium Oxysporum
* Soil-Brone-By roots · infect coffee , Banana , Tomato
* Block the Xylem
entering warm-dry weather
after ·
* Not Lethal But the plant wont produce Soil PH 5 0-5 6 · . .
* pathogen Likes cool Temp 3 Types of Asexual
.
spores
* Easily spread by Water-form equipment Microconidia
* To control
solar-heating it * Macroconidia
* chlamydospores
Ch10 :
· Alternaria disease >
- Alter naria
Common
*
* infect Leaves , Stems , flowers , fruit
· Early Blight of
Tomato+ potato -
> Alternaria Solani
* Affect Tubers and fruit · Air-brone spores
* Most severe during Late summer/heavy rain
o Dark mycelium
* Nitrogen fertilizerTo control produce Short Conidiophores
·
Larg Long-pear shaped
-
Conidia
with cross walls
Ch12 :
· Bacterial Blight of Beans >
-> 3 Types
Common
·
Blight (warm weather)
X autho monas
· Halo Blight (cool weather (
psedomonas
· Brown spot Blight (cool weather)
P .
Syringae
· Bacterial soft not of Potatoes
- > Erwinia Carotovora
* gram negative ·
Wall-degrading Enzyme
* Non sporing called "pectinase"
* Facultative and crobs
Ch12 :
· Bacterial fruit Blotch of watermelon >
- Acidovorax Avenue
* gram-negative
* Rod shaped
* motile single polar flagellum
+
· Bacterial spots of tomatoes and peppers -> Xanthomonas
A gram negative Campestris
* yellow mucoid Colonies in cultures
Ch13 :
· Bacterial Crown Gall disease - Agrobacterium
* Rod-shaped Tume faciens
* few flagella
* gram negative Soil Bacteria
· Common scab of potatoes + Streptomyces scabies
* Alkaline-soils or neutral
* forms mycelium made of hyphae
* gram-positive
* saprophy +e
Ch14 :
· Viruse decrease photosynthesis - 3 Ways
* decrease the growth hormones · decrease chloropyll per leaf
* "soluble Nitrogen · chloropyll efficiency
* plant raspiration increase after infection · Leaf Area per plant
causing
·Tobamoviruses--92 Types
* morethan dozen of Rod-oTobbaco mosaic
a virus (TMV)
shaped viruses - infect Tobbaco
* one + SSRNA genome · Tomato mosaic virus
-
infect Tomato es
Ch14 :
Tobbaco Rattle
causing
Tobra viruses
· >
* 2 rod-shaped particles virus
* Each particle has 1 + SSRNA
* Transmitted by Nematodes
* stay in Vector for weeks/months
causing
· Furovirus & Beet necrotic Yellow rein virus
* 2 rod-shaped particle
s The cause of "Rhizomania" disease
* Each has + SSRNA Sugar Beets , Transmitted By
"Polymyxa beta" .
Ch15 :
causing
· Waikavirus & The rice tungro Virus
* SS RNA Two Viruses :
* infect specific grain crops +
tungro Spherical
weeds ·
Rice virus
* Transmitted by Leafhoppers or Aphids * SS RNA
* RTSV
· Rice Tungro bacilliform
virus
* dsDNA
* RTBA
Como virus
·
* 2SSRNA
* Transmitted by mechanical in oculation
Ch15 :
causing Cu Cumber mosaic Virus
· Cucumo virus &
* isometric
* 2 genomic RNA in each particle
* Transmitted mechanically
· Reoviridae > The rice dwarf virus
* iso metric ds RNA
* Transmettid by Leaf hoppers
· Rhabdoviruses 30 Yellow virus
* SSRNA dwarf virus
- ·
potato yellow
* Transmettid by Leaf- Rice Tranitory
·
yellowing virus
hoppers · Wheat Stiate mosaic virus
·
Tospoviruses > Tomato spotted wilt virus
* 3 linear SSRNA
* The Large RNAis-SSRNA
* can be acquired by Thrips Larrae Not the adult thrips
Consist of genera
· Gemini viri doe , o Curtovirus
- -
* Single circular S5 DNA Genome -
Early Top of
Sugar Beets
· Mustrevirus
- -
-
Maize Streak virus
Begomo virus
·
--- -
Bean golden mosaic virus
·
Topoo virus
-
Tomato
-
psedo-curly
- -
top V .
Ch15 :
· circoviridae-
> ·Banana Bunchy top virus
* isometric + Small - Transmettid by aphids
* SSDNA Orgnized in multiple -
causes severe loss-infected plant won't
produce fruit
· coconut foliar decay virus
- Transmettid by plant hopper