A.

READ and LEARN

The man who created the World Wide Web, Sir Tim Berners-Lee, has warned of the dangers
of the Internet. He described his three main worries about how the Internet is being misused. The first
problem is fake news. He said websites and companies are creating fake news just to make money,
or to try and change people's political opinions. He said the danger is that fake news "spreads like
wildfire". The second problem is political advertising. He said adverts are used in "unethical ways"
to stop voters from voting or to make them click on fake news stories. His final concern is the misuse
of personal data by governments. He said people are killed in some countries because of the websites
they visit.
Berners-Lee invented the web in 1989. He said that it had "lived up to [his] vision" in many
ways. He said: "I imagined the web as an open platform that would allow everyone, everywhere to
share information, access opportunities and collaborate across geographic and cultural boundaries."
His letter outlined a five-year strategy to keep his vision alive. He said there were complex problems,
and that the solutions would not be simple. He wants to put, "a fair level of data control back in the
hands of people". He also wants to stop governments from looking at our online data, which he said
creates a "chilling effect on free speech". And he wants to fight against fake news and misinformation.
He called on all Internet users to help.

1. Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F). Justify your answer.
1. The man who created the World Wide Web wrote about five dangers. T / F
2. The first problem the man mentioned was cyber-bullying. T/F
3. The man said fake news stories spread like wildfire. T/F
4. The last danger he mentioned was misuse of personal data. T/F
5. The man said the Internet had lived up to his vision. T/F
6. He outlined a 10-year plan to free the Internet of dangers. T/F
7. The man said the solutions to the problems were simple. T/F
8. The man asked everyone who used the Internet to help. T/F
2. Put these words into the spaces in the paragraph below.
click fake main visit dangers data adverts - opinions
The man who created the World Wide Web, Sir Tim Berners-Lee, has warned of the (1)
____________ of the Internet. He described his three (2) ____________ worries about how the
Internet is being misused. The first problem is (3) ____________ news. He said websites and
companies are creating fake news just to make money, or to try and change people's political (4)
____________. He said the danger is that fake news "spreads like wildfire". The second problem is
political advertising. He said (5) ____________ are used in "unethical ways" to stop voters from
voting or to make them (6) ____________ on fake news stories. His final concern is the misuse of
personal (7) ____________ by governments. He said people are killed in some countries because of
the websites they (8) ____________.
3. Answer these questions from the text.
1. What did Sir Tim Berners-Lee create?
2. How many main dangers of the Internet are mentioned in the article?
3. What do websites want to change with fake news?
4. How does the article say fake news spreads?
5. Who did the article say misuses personal data?
6. When was the Internet invented?
7. How long is the strategy to help the Internet stay safe?
8. What did the article say about the answers to the complex problems?
9. Where did Tim Berners-Lee want to put data control back into?
10. Who did Tim Berners-Lee ask to help him?

B. EXPAND your VOCABULARY: Idiomatic Expressions

What are idioms?

An idiom (also called idiomatic expression) is an expression, word, or phrase that has a
figurative meaning conventionally understood by native speakers. This meaning is different from the
literal meaning of the idiom's individual elements. In other words, idioms don't mean exactly what
the words say. They have, however, hidden meaning.

Examples

The meaning of these expressions is different from the literal meaning or definition of the words
of which they are made. Their meanings are however used figuratively. They mean respectively:

Practice
1. Choose the appropriate idiomatic expression from the list to complete each of the sentences
below: odds and ends, a piece of cake, pros and cons, ups and downs.
1. The teacher asked us to talk about the ________________ of industrial development.
2. The police found nothing special in the house of the criminal as he had taken all the
important documents with him, leaving just __________________ .

_______________ in business.
4. If you think that doing this maths problem is ___________. Just try it.
2. Choose the right meaning for each of the underlined idiomatic expressions.
1. Tom and Sue were given valuable prizes by their parents because the passed their exams with flying
colours.
a. They failed their exams.
b. They passed their exams successfully.
c. They coloured their certificates.
2. Ali is good at languages, but when it comes to mathematics he is a dead loss.
a. He is not successful.
b. He finds mathematics easy.
c. He is better at mathematics.
3. Loub slip through her fingers
a happy life.
a. She fails to obtain opportunities.

c. She seizes all opportunities.

4. Salim works seriously. Whe
exam is in the bag
a. He is sure he will pass the exam.
b. He thinks the baccalaureate exam is a real challenge.
c. He is still sceptical.
C. SPEAK ENGLISH: Complaining and Apologizing
1. Read this exchange and answer the questions.
Mr. Brown:
mistakes in all the letters.
Anita:
Mr. Brown: You ought to be.
Anita: I beg your pardon. I promise I will do my best not to make any mistakes again.

1. What did Mr. Brown complain about?

2. What expression did he use to complain?

4. What expression did she use?

2. Expressions to be used when complaining and apologizing
Complaining Apologizing Accepting apologies Declining apologies

make. ... apology.

I am tired of hearing
but ... you say sorry.
for ...
but ... sorry.
ase, forgive me for it. There is no way I can
complaint about ... ... accept your apology.
I'm afraid there is a
slight problem with ... ...

a problem about ... apologies for ...

about ...
3. Practice
Look at the example situations below and choose 2-3 to practice making a complaint
about. Work in pairs to write short exchanges using the expressions above.
Situation 1: You have paid a lot of money for a vacation abroad. When you arrive at the
airport you find out that the travel agency made several mistakes with your flight and hotel
arrangements.
Situation 2: You have a new colleague on your team. Your team just started work on a big
the colleague is doing
his/her work. Instead, he/she spends more time chatting on the phone with friends or chatting with
colleagues.
Situation 3: At work, your colleagues talk negatively about other people in the office. It is
creating a very negative atmosphere at work. You want to say something, but you are also nervous
that they will begin talking negatively about you.
Situation 4: You go to a restaurant to celebrate a special event. When the bill arrives, the
amount is much more than you expected. It looks like you were charged for extra items you did not
order.
Situation 5: Recently you spoke with a customer service representative at another company.
The representative was extremely rude to you and unhelpful.
D. STUDY GRAMMAR: The Past Simple
1. Form
With most verbs the past tense is formed by adding -ed:
Infinitive Past Simple

to call called

to like liked

to want wanted

to work worked

But there are a lot of irregular verbs in English. Here are some of them with their past form:

Infinitive Past Simple

Be was/were

Begin began

Cut cut

Drive drove
2. Use
We use the past tense to talk about:
a. Something that happened once in the past:
I met my wife in 1983.
We went to Spain for our holidays.
They got home very late last night.
b. Something that happened again and again in the past:
When I was a boy I walked a mile to school every day.
We swam a lot while we were on holiday.
They always enjoyed visiting their friends.
c. Something that was true for some time in the past:
I lived abroad for ten years.
He enjoyed being a student.
She played a lot of tennis when she was younger.
d. We often use phrases with ago with the past tense:
I met my wife a long time ago.
Questions and negatives
We use did to make questions with the past tense:
When did you meet your wife?
Where did you go for your holidays?
Did she play tennis when she was younger?
Did you live abroad?
But look at these questions:
Who discovered penicillin?
Who wrote Don Quixote?
We use (did not) to make negatives with the past tense:
They to Spain this year.
We home until very late last night.
I you yesterday.
3. Practice
1. Put the verbs into the simple past.
1. Last year I (go) ____________ to England on holiday.
2. It (be) _____________ fantastic.
3. I (visit) __________ lots of interesting places. I (be) _____ with two friends of mine.
4. In the mornings we (walk) _________ in the streets of London.
5. In the evenings we (go) ___________ to pubs.
6. The weather (be)_____________ strangely fine.
It (not / rain) _____________ a lot.
But we (see) _______________ some beautiful rainbows.
A: Where _______ (spend / you) _________ your last holiday?
10. B: I (spend) ___________ it in the mountains.
2. Write the past forms of the irregular verbs.
Infinitive Simple Past
1. meet .
2. drive .
3. speak .
4. put .
5. write .
6. sing .
7. do .
8. sit .
9. stand .
10. run .
3. Complete the table in simple past.
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
He wrote a book.
He did not sing.
Was she pretty?

E. PRACTICE WRITING: A story

Which Way Home?

Several years ago, our teacher of English tried hard to get us develop some link between what we
learned in class and our immediate environment. One day, she proposed that each student make a
sketch of the school and then draw a map of the town. After drawing the map, we were to write a
short paragraph giving directions from school to home. Younes, one of my classmates, failed repeat-
ed

Date
Place
People involved
Main events

Expressions used to link events

2. Fill in this chart with details about a funny incident in your life.
Date
Place
People involved
Main events

Expressions used to link events

3. With the information in the chart, write the story of this funny incident for an e-magazine.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________.

4. Use this checklist to edit your story.

Make sure you have mentioned the date, place and people involved.

Check if the events logically related.

Verify your verb forms. Simple past tense is recommended in narrating past events;

Check your punctuation and spelling.