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Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 10
(History of Mathematics)
October 16, 2024

I. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. Understand the structure and usage of the Babylonian base 60 number system.
b. Convert numbers from base 60 to base 10 and vice versa.
c. Apply decimal and sexagesimal system in time and angle conversion.
II. Subject matter:
a. Topic: Babylonian Sexagesimal Number System
b. Reference: A History of Mathematics by Florian Cajori (page 1-8)
c. Materials: Laptop, projector, white board, pen, and clock.
d. Pre-requisite skill:
1. Identify place values in decimal numbers.
2. Understanding the concepts of base in a number system.
3. Perform basic arithmetic operations.
e. Value integration:
1. Appreciation for History and Culture
2. Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving
3. Collaboration and Open-Mindedness
f. Teaching strategy: Discovery Method

III. Instructional Procedure:

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Daily Routine
- Class let us all stand and feel the
presence of the Lord.
- Tricia, please lead the prayer. - In the name of the Father, of Son, of the Holy
Spirit, Lord thank you for today, for taking care of
us. Bless us all Lord every day in Jesus’ name.
Amen.
- Good afternoon class. - Good afternoon, Ma’am
- Mayor, who is absent today? - None, ma’am!
- That is good to hear!

B. Motivational Activity
Ok class I have prepared here 7 jumbled words, I will flash
it in the screen then you will unscramble it.
1. EMTI - Time
2. YTXIS - Sixty
3. NSDEOCSC - Seconds
 4. ENIMTISU - Minutes
5. NAIYLOBAON - Babylonian
6. ILCERC - Circle
7. KCOLC - Clock
Guide questions:
- How does the word 'EMTI' relate to what you see - Recognizing time in this context helps us
on a clock? understand how we measure our days.
- What is the significance of the number 'YTXIS' in - Understanding sixty helps us see why there are
measuring time? sixty seconds in a minute.
- Why is 'NSDEOCSC' important for our - I realized that seconds are a smaller unit of time
understanding of time? that fits into minutes, and they’re crucial for
precision in timekeeping.
- How does 'ENIMTISU' relate to the hour hand on - I figured out minutes means the divisions of an
the clock? hour on the clock.
- In what way does 'NAIYLOBAON' connect to our - I learned that Babylonian relates to how the
current system of time? structure of our time system was developed.
- How is the 'ILCERC' of the clock related to the - The circle of the clock shows how angles relate to
sexagesimal system? the measurement of time.
- What role does a 'KCOLC' play in measuring time? - The clock is essential for tracking time, and it uses
all these elements together.
 Very good! Today, we see how the Babylonians'
work still impacts our daily life through the way
we keep time. Every hour, minute, and second
connects back to their system, which is reflected
in the design of the clock we use every day.

C. Lesson Proper
- What is base 10? How do we use it in everyday - We count using 10 digits (0-9).
life. - We use it for money and measurements ma’am.
- I don’t know ma’am.
- Can someone explain how place value works in - Each position represents a power of 10. For
base 10? example, in number 345, the 3 is in the hundreds
place.
- What do you know about how we measure time? - There are 60 seconds in a minute.
- There are 60 minutes in an hour.
- When we look at a clock, how does it show us - The minute hand moves through 60 marks.
base 60?
- How many degrees are in a complete circle? How - It is 360 degrees." "Each hour is 30 degrees (360
does this relate to the clock? ÷ 12).

 ACTIVITY
I will group you into 3 then I will give each group a
specific role. You only have 5 minutes to do this activity.
Choose one person in your group to present your
answers.
Group 1 – Time Converters: Focus on converting between
base 60 and base 10 for time.
Group 2- Angle Converters: Focus on converting between
degrees and the sexagesimal format
Group 3- Clock Designers: Create a visual representation
of how the clock illustrates these concepts.

- Activity Tasks: Answers:

Time Converters: Use the clocks to solve the following
problems:
1. Convert 1 hour and 15 minutes into base 10. - 1 hour is 60 minutes, so 60 + 15 = 75 minutes.
2. Convert 0.75 hours to minutes in base 10. - 0.75 times 60 equals 45 minutes.

Angle Converters: Using the concept of a circle:

1. Convert 180 degrees into the sexagesimal format. - 180 degrees is 3 hours on the clock.
2. How many degrees are represented by 1 hour on - 30 degrees because 360 degrees divided by 12
the clock? hours.

Clock Designers: Create a chart showing:

1. Draw how hours, minutes, and seconds relate on - We can show that 60 seconds equals 1 minute
the clock. and 60 minutes equals 1 hour.

- How does the sexagesimal system help us - It allows us to break time down into smaller
measure time and angles? parts.
- It helps us understand rotations and navigation.
- Why is it important to know how to convert - It helps us in everyday calculations.
between these bases? - Understanding time and angles is useful for
activities like cooking or construction.

 Analysis
- Thank you, my students, for participating in the
activity.
- Let’s reflect on the activity we just completed.
We worked on converting between base 60 and
base 10, using the clock as our guide. Now, let’s
explore how these concepts apply to time and
angles.
- How did using the clock help you understand how - We realized that since there are 60 minutes in an
to convert time between base 60 and base 10? hour, it’s like using base 60 for time. To convert
time, we divide or multiply by 60 ma’am.
- Correct! Can someone explain the process of - We divided 150 by 60 because each hour has 60
converting 150 minutes to hours and minutes? minutes. The result was 2 hours and 30 minutes.
Why is the number 60 important in that The 60 is key because it divides the minutes into
conversion? hours.
- In base 10, we’re used to multiplying or dividing
- How is this process different from working with by 10, but with time, we must think in terms of
base 10, like when you’re calculating distances or 60 instead. It’s a different way of counting.
money?

- Let’s switch to angles. How does the clock help us - The clock is divided into 360 degrees, so each
visualize angles and convert them? If we wanted hour represents 30 degrees. We can use this to
to convert 90 degrees into hours, how would we figure out angles based on time.
do it using the sexagesimal system? - Since every 30 degrees equals 1 hour, 90 degrees
would be 3 hours.
- Where else do we use base 60 in everyday life? - We use it all the time when we calculate time,
How might this knowledge help you outside of like when scheduling things or studying.
math class?

- You all did a fantastic job discovering how the

sexagesimal system works in both time and angle
conversions. You now see that base 60 is central
to measuring time and angles, and it applies in
real-life situations like scheduling things and even
everyday time management.

 Abstraction
- Based on everything we’ve done today, from the
activity to our discussion, let’s think about what
we’ve learned.
- Why do we use base 60 to measure time instead - We use base 60 because time divides better into
of base 10? 60 minutes in an hour and 60 seconds in a
minute. It’s easier to split time.
- How does base 60 help us when we are - In angles, 360 degrees make up a circle, and using
measuring angles? base 60 lets us divide angles into parts, like
degrees, minutes, and seconds. This helps with
navigation and geometry.
- What similarities did you notice between time - In both time and angles, you multiply or divide by
and angles when it comes to converting between 60. For time, we multiply by 60 to get minutes or
base 60 and base 10? divide by 60 to go back to hours. For angles, we
multiply degrees to get minutes, and it’s the
same idea.
- So, what can we say overall about the
sexagesimal system and its use in both time and
 angles? - The sexagesimal system is important because it
helps us measure time and angles accurately. We
use base 60 to divide hours, minutes, and
seconds in both time and angles, which makes
calculations easier. It’s useful in everyday life, like
 Application when we plan time or measure directions.
“Sexagesimal Race”

• EVALUATION

Class I will give you 2 problems; you have 2 minutes to answer the quiz.
- Problem 1:
Convert 123.875 into sexagesimal angle format.
- Problem 2:
Convert 9 hours 20 minutes 32 seconds into decimal

• ASSIGNMENT
Choose a common time-related activity:
Ex: Tracking the amount of time spent on a hobby or movie, then convert the time into decimal form. Explain
your answer.

Prepared by: Noted by:

Pamela Obelidor Mr. Rowel S. Ramos

BS Math 3A Instructor