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Intermediate Mathematics Definitions Guide

The document outlines important mathematical definitions across various chapters, including quadratic equations, partial fractions, matrices, inequalities, sequences, permutations, trigonometric identities, and applications of trigonometry. Key concepts such as the quadratic formula, rational functions, determinants, and laws of sines and cosines are defined. Each chapter provides foundational knowledge essential for understanding intermediate mathematics with physics.

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Abdul Rauf
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3 views2 pages

Intermediate Mathematics Definitions Guide

The document outlines important mathematical definitions across various chapters, including quadratic equations, partial fractions, matrices, inequalities, sequences, permutations, trigonometric identities, and applications of trigonometry. Key concepts such as the quadratic formula, rational functions, determinants, and laws of sines and cosines are defined. Each chapter provides foundational knowledge essential for understanding intermediate mathematics with physics.

Uploaded by

Abdul Rauf
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Important Definitions: Intermediate Part 1 Mathematics (ICS with Physics)

Chapter 4: Quadratic Equations

1. Quadratic Equation: A polynomial equation of degree 2 in the form ax^2 + bx + c = 0, where a is

not equal to 0.

2. Roots of the Quadratic Equation: The solutions of a quadratic equation, obtained by factoring,

completing the square, or using the quadratic formula.

3. Discriminant: The term b^2 - 4ac in the quadratic formula, which determines the nature of roots.

Chapter 5: Partial Fractions

1. Rational Function: A function expressed as the ratio of two polynomials P(x)/Q(x), where Q(x) is

not equal to 0.

2. Partial Fraction: The expression of a rational function as the sum of simpler fractions.

3. Proper Fraction: A fraction where the degree of the numerator is less than the degree of the

denominator.

Chapter 9: Matrices and Determinants

1. Matrix: A rectangular arrangement of numbers in rows and columns.

2. Order of a Matrix: Defined as m x n, where m is the number of rows and n is the number of

columns.

3. Determinant: A scalar value associated with a square matrix, used to determine if a matrix is

invertible.

4. Identity Matrix: A square matrix with 1s on the diagonal and 0s elsewhere.

Chapter 10: Quadratic Inequalities

1. Inequality: A relation between expressions using >, <, >=, <=.


2. Quadratic Inequality: An inequality involving a quadratic expression.

Chapter 11: Sequences and Series

1. Sequence: An ordered list of numbers, called terms, arranged according to a rule.

2. Arithmetic Sequence: A sequence where the difference between consecutive terms is constant.

3. Geometric Sequence: A sequence where the ratio between consecutive terms is constant.

4. Series: The sum of the terms of a sequence.

Chapter 12: Permutations, Combinations, and Probability

1. Permutation: The arrangement of objects in a specific order.

2. Combination: A selection of objects without regard to order.

3. Probability: The likelihood of an event occurring, defined as favorable outcomes/total outcomes.

Chapter 13: Trigonometric Identities

1. Trigonometric Identity: An equation involving trigonometric functions that holds true for all angles.

2. Reciprocal Identities: Relations like sin(x) = 1/csc(x) and tan(x) = sin(x)/cos(x).

Chapter 14: Applications of Trigonometry

1. Angle of Elevation: The angle between the line of sight and the horizontal when looking up at an

object.

2. Angle of Depression: The angle between the line of sight and the horizontal when looking down at

an object.

3. Law of Sines: a/sin(A) = b/sin(B) = c/sin(C).

4. Law of Cosines: c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab*cos(C).

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