Republic of the Philippines

ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA POLYTECHNIC STATE UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
R.T. Lim Blvd., Baliwasan, Zamboanga City

Name: Date:
Course, Year & Section:
“THC 122: Philippine Tourism, Geography and Culture”
Activity 1
Direction: Limit your composition to a maximum of 100 words.
1. For the last three years, what is the economic value of the tourist destinations in the different
provinces and cities of the Philippines?

The tourism industry in the Philippines has been a significant contributor to the country's economy,
especially as it recovers from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The tourism industry contributed 8.6% to the Philippines' Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in
2023 .It also employed 6.21 million Filipinos, highlighting its role as a key driver of economic recovery and
growth post-pandemic

In 2022, the Philippines reopened its borders to international tourists after two years of restrictions
due to the pandemic. This reopening marked a significant step in revitalizing the tourism sector, While
specific GDP contributions for 2022 are not detailed in the search results, the reopening likely led to a
gradual recovery in tourism revenues.

The tourism industry was still heavily impacted by the pandemic in 2021, with restrictions and
limited international travel. The economic value during this year was significantly lower compared to pre-
pandemic levels . The Philippines' tourism sector has shown resilience and recovery, particularly in 2023,
with its highest growth in 24 years. The economic value of tourism varies across provinces and cities, with
popular destinations like Metro Manila, Cebu, Boracay, and Palawan playing a central role in driving
tourism revenues.

While specific data on the economic value of tourist destinations in different provinces and cities is
not readily available, it's clear that the tourism sector as a whole has made significant contributions to the
country's economy over the last three years.

Sources:

- Department of Tourism Philippines

- Philippine Statistics Authority

- World Tourism Organization

2. What are the qualities of the Philippines that make it unique and attractive destinations?

The Philippines is a vibrant country that seamlessly blends natural beauty, rich culture, and warm
hospitality. Its stunning beaches, lush rainforests, and diverse wildlife make it a tropical paradise. The
country's complex history is reflected in its vibrant festivals and warm hospitality.
Visitors can enjoy unique experiences like island-hopping, snorkeling, and trekking. Filipino cuisine is a
delicious fusion of flavors, while the locals are famous for their warm smiles and optimistic outlook.
The Philippines is a captivating country that offers something for everyone. Its natural beauty, cultural
heritage, and warm hospitality make it a must-visit destination. The Philippines has a distinct cultural
heritage due to its history of Spanish colonization, which is reflected in its architecture, festivals, and
cuisine. This sets it apart from many other Southeast Asian countries, offering a unique cultural experience
that includes vibrant Catholic traditions and historical landmarks.

3. Explain briefly the impacts of tourism in the Philippines in terms of Economic Aspect, Socio-
Cultural Aspect, and Environmental aspect.

Tourism in the Philippines has had significant effects across economic, socio-cultural, and environmental
dimensions. While it has brought numerous benefits, it has also posed challenges that require sustainable
management.

Economic Impacts

Tourism is a major contributor to the Philippine economy, generating jobs and income for millions of
Filipinos. It boosts local businesses, improves infrastructure, and attracts foreign investments. For example,
the industry has been instrumental in accelerating national economic development and diversifying income
sources. Over-reliance on tourism can make local economies vulnerable to external shocks, such as
pandemics or natural disasters, which can disrupt the flow of tourists and revenue

Socio-Cultural Impacts

Tourism helps preserve and promote the Philippines' rich cultural heritage by showcasing traditional
festivals, crafts, and historical landmarks. It also fosters cross-cultural understanding and international
goodwill. However, the influx of tourists can sometimes lead to the commodification of culture, where
traditions are altered to cater to tourist expectations. Additionally, overcrowding in popular destinations can
disrupt local communities and strain social resources

Environmental Impacts

Tourism has encouraged the establishment of protected areas and eco-tourism initiatives, which aim
to conserve the Philippines' natural beauty and biodiversity .On the other hand, rapid tourism growth has
led to environmental degradation, such as pollution, habitat destruction, and overuse of natural resources.
For instance, popular destinations like Boracay have faced issues with waste management and over-
tourism, prompting government interventions to restore ecological balance.

In addition,tourism in the Philippines is a double-edged sword. While it drives economic growth and cultural
preservation, it also poses socio-cultural and environmental challenges. Sustainable tourism practices are
essential to ensure that the benefits outweigh the drawbacks and that the country's natural and cultural
treasures are preserved for future generations.

Activity 2
Directions: Name and describe at least two (2) major attractions in each region. Show a picture for each
identifies major attractions.
1. ILOCOS REGION

The Bangui Windmills-The Bangui Windmills, also known as the Bangui Wind Farm, is a popular wind farm
in Bangui, Ilocos Norte, Philippines. Its installation consists of 20 units of 70-meter high Vestas V82 1.65
MW wind turbines, stretching along a 9-kilometer shoreline of Bangui Bay, facing the South China Sea. It
stands as a prominent symbol of sustainability, converting wind into electric energy, and was initiated with
a $48 million aid grant from the Danish government in 1998.

The Kapurpurawan Rock Formation - Kapurpurawan, derived from the Ilocano term "puraw" meaning
white, lives up to its name with its strikingly white limestone formations. Carved over centuries by the forces
of wind and waves, these rocks stand as a testament to the enduring power of nature. The geological
processes at play have resulted in a landscape that is both dramatic and ethereal, making Kapurpurawan a
geological wonder that beckons exploration.

[Link] VALLEY REGION

Basco Lighthouse- Basco Lighthouse is a lighthouse in the town of Basco in Batanes, the northernmost
province in the Philippines. Located in Naidi Hills in Barangay San Antonio, the lush green hills and the
open sea provide a beautiful backdrop for the lighthouse. The place can easily be reached by a 1.2-km (3/4
mile) hike from the Port of Basco.

Palaui Island- Located on the northeastern coast of Luzon lies the beautiful Palaui Island, a pristine
paradise awaiting discovery. Located in the Cagayan Province of the Philippines, Palaui Island is a hidden
gem boasting breathtaking landscapes, rich biodiversity, and captivating history.

3. CENTRAL LUZON
Mount Pinatubo- Mount Pinatubo, volcano, western Luzon, Philippines, that erupted in 1991 (for the first
time in 600 years) and caused widespread devastation. Mount Pinatubo is located about 55 miles (90 km)
northwest of Manila and rose to a height of about 4,800 feet (1,460 m) prior to its eruption. After two
months of emissions and small explosions, a series of major explosions began on June 12. These
explosions reached a peak on June 14–16, producing a column of ash and smoke more than 28 miles (40
km) high, with rock debris falling the same distance from the volcano.

Mount Samat National Shrine- Mount Samat National Shrine or Dambana ng Kagitingan (Shrine of Valor)
is a historical shrine in the Philippines, dedicated to the fallen Filipino and American soldiers who fought
during World War II. It is located near the summit of Mount Samat in the town of Pilar, Bataan.
[Link] REGION

Taal Volcano- Taal is one of the lowest volcanoes in the world with just 311 meters elevation. It is a
caldera volcano near the middle of Taal Lake. Even with its size, Taal is recognized as the second most
active volcano in the Philippines with 38 recorded historical eruptions.

Aguinaldo Shrine- The Emilio Aguinaldo Shrine (or the Cavite El Viejo Shrine) is a national shrine located
in Kawit, Cavite in the Philippines, where the Philippine Declaration of Independence from Spain was
declared on June 12, 1898, or Independence Day. To commemorate the event, now known as Araw ng
Kalayaan or Independence Day, a national holiday, the Philippine flag is raised here by top government
officials on June 12 each year. The house is now a museum. This shrine is the ancestral home of Emilio
Aguinaldo, officially the first President of the Philippines, the only president of the First Philippine Republic.

[Link] REGION
Puerto Galera- Puerto Galera is a quick destination from Manila popular among nature and beach lovers. If
you enjoy spending time at the beach, hiking through the forest, exploring waterfalls, or diving, this is the
perfect place to go to in the Philippines.
Aside from its powdery white sand beaches and crystal clear blue water, the coastal town boasts of a rich
marine life, earning the UNESCO designation as a Man and Biosphere reserve in 1973.

Tukuran Falls- Tukuran Falls is a series of gentle cascades and turquoise-toned swimming holes
accessed from the village of Calsapa, about 45 minutes south of Puerto Galera. They are refreshing and
photogenic, but go early in the morning or late in the day to avoid the tour vans that frequent the place,
thanks to a newly sealed access road to the trailhead. A guide (P300) is mandatory for the 30-minute walk
from the trailhead.

[Link] ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

Mines View Park- Mines View Park is an overlook park on the northeastern outskirts of Baguio in the
Philippines. Located on a land promontory 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from downtown Baguio, the park overlooks
the mining town of Itogon, particularly the abandoned gold] and copper mines of the Benguet Corporation,
and offers a glimpse of the Amburayan Valley. The observation deck is situated below a winding stone-
covered stairway close to the parking area.

Burnham Park- Burnham Park is a historic urban park located in downtown Baguio, Philippines. It covers
an area of 32.84 hectares and was designed by American architect and Baguio city planner, Daniel
Burnham. The park is named after him and is considered to be the “mother of all parks” in the Summer
Capital of the Philippines

7. BICOL REGION
Mount Mayon Volcano- Mayon Volcano is 2462 meters tall and is situated in Albay, Bicol, on Luzon's
southeast coast. It is also considered to be the most active volcano in the Philippines, having erupted
around 50 times over the last several decades.
Among the Philippines' volcanoes, Mayon Volcano or Mount Mayon is the most recognizable due to its
perfect cone form. With its spectacular views, Mayon Volcano excursions have been the primary activity for
visitors to the area.

Cagsawa Ruins- Situated in Albay, Cagsawa Ruins is a historical landmark that serves as the centerpiece
of the Cagsawa Ruins Park where tourists can enjoy the scenic view of Mayon Volcano. The ruins also
stood as an image of Bicol region’s magnificent landscape for almost two centuries. It symbolizes Bicol’s
rich history together with the strength and flexibility of the people towards calamities and ravages of Mother
Nature.

Cagsawa was derived from the word “Kag” which means owner and “sawa” for python. It could also mean
too much or excesses. The Cagsawa church was built after 1724 by the Franciscan friars and was
administered by Fray Francisco Blanco in the small town of Cagsawa.

[Link] VISAYAS REGION

Boracay Island- Boracay ([bɔˈrakaɪ]; sometimes shortened by non-natives as Bor) is a resort island in the
Western Visayas region of the Philippines, located 0.8 kilometers (0.50 mi) off the northwest coast of
Panay Island. It has a total land area of 10.32 square kilometers (3.98 sq mi), under the jurisdiction of
three barangays in Malay, Aklan, and had a population of 37,802 in [Link] was originally inhabited
by the Panay Bukidnon and Ati people, but commercial development has led to their severe
marginalization since the 1970s.

Casa Gorordo Museum- Casa Gorordo Museum was originally a private home built in the mid-19th
century and belonged to one of the prominent families of Cebu, the Gorordos. Now a museum, it serves as
a wellspring of Cebuano heritage, displaying the rich history and culture of the region. The house itself is
an example of the fine Spanish colonial architecture adapted to the local Philippine setting, giving visitors a
genuine taste of the lifestyle during that period.

9. CENTRAL VISAYAS REGION

Magellan’s Cross- Magellan planted a large wooden cross on the first baptism site, which has become a
notable symbol in Philippine [Link] cross is one of the most recognizable monuments in Cebu.
Hundreds of locals and tourists visit this heritage site to pray or to witness the religious icon for themselves.
It remains an important historical landmark, with several marketing and promotional materials using its
iconic stone kiosk as a symbol that represents Cebu.

Alona Beach- Nestled on the serene Philippine island of Panglao, Alona Beach stretches for about one
and a half kilometers along Bohol's southeastern shore. This tropical paradise boasts powdery white sand
contrasted with the clear azure waters of the sea.

10. EASTERN VISAYAS REGION

San Juanico Bridge- The San Juanico Bridge (Filipino: Tulay ng San Juanico; Waray: Tulay han San
Juanico) is part of the Pan-Philippine Highway and stretches from Samar to Leyte across the San Juanico
Strait in the Philippines It has a total length of 2.16 kilometers (1.34 mi)—the third longest bridge spanning
a body of seawater in the Philippines after the Panguil Bay Bridge. It was also the longest bridge in the
Philippines upon its opening in 1973, surpassed in 1976 by Candaba Viaduct of North Luzon Expressway
(NLEX),

Underwater Coral of Sogod Bay- Sogod Bay in Southern Leyte is one of the unheralded but equally
astounding marine sanctuaries which is slowly getting international attention.
Embracing the province like a huge cove, the bay is habitat to over 150 species of hard coral, hawksbill and
green turtles, butterflyfish, groupers, sweetlips, stingrays and a host of colorful fish species.

[Link] PENINSULA
Sta. Cruz Island- Great Santa Cruz Island is a small inhabited island in Zamboanga City in the southern
region of the Philippines that is famous for its pink coralline sand.[2] The island, located 4 kilometres (2.49
mi) south of downtown at the Santa Cruz Bank in the Basilan Strait, boasts one of the pink sand beaches in
the Philippines. The color of the sand comes from the pulverized red organ pipe coral from eons of surf
erosion mixed with the white sand.

Fort Pilar- The Real Fuerte de Nuestra Señora del Pilar de Zaragoza (Royal Fort of Our Lady of the Pillar
of Saragossa), also Fort Pilar, is a 17th-century military defense fortress built by the Spanish colonial
government in Zamboanga City. The fort, which is now a regional museum of the National Museum of the
Philippines, is a major landmark of the city and it symbolize the cultural heritage.

12. NORTHERN MINDANAO REGION

Tinuy-an Falls- The Tinuy-an falls are 95 m wide and 55 metres (180 ft) high, touted as the little Niagara
Falls of the Philippines. Tinuy-an is a white water curtain that flows in three levels (with a fourth tier hidden
from view) and is said to be the widest waterfall in the Philippines.

Naked Island- Naked Island in Siargao, Mindanao, is a hidden gem renowned for its stunning beauty.
It boasts pristine white sand beaches and crystal clear waters, providing the perfect tropical
paradise experience.
Visitors can enjoy swimming, sunbathing, and immersing themselves in the serene ambiance of
Naked Island.

13. DAVAO REGION

Philippine Eagle Center- The Philippine Eagle Center is home to 36 Philippine Eagles, 18 of which are
captive-bred. It also houses 10 other species of birds, 4 species of mammals and 2 species of reptiles.
Although the exhibits are used primarily to help educate the Filipino people on conservation, the facility is
also considered a major tourist attraction in Davao City.

Malagos Garden Resort- Malagos Garden Resort is a 12-hectare resort in Barangay Malagos along the
coasts of Calinan in Davao. The property opened its doors to the public in 1994. It features
accommodations, restaurants, swimming pools, a farm, and the Philippines' first chocolate museum.
Packed with several facilities, this resort is a perfect getaway for families and groups of friends.

14. SOCCSKSARGEN REGION

SG Farm- SG Farm is located in Barangay Kablon, Tupi. From Grand Summit Hotel in General Santo City,
it was roughly around an hour and a half drive. SG Fram is probably the most successful agri-tourism
investments in SOCCSKSARGEN. Aside from the influx of tourists, local farmers also benefit from the
existence of this destination as evidenced by the establishment of farmers' markets even outside its
premises.

Lang Dulay ( T’boli Tribe)- Lang Dulay Weaving Center is the place where National Living Treasure
awardee Lang Dulay used to weave her dream-inspired designs on the hand-woven, abaca-made cloth
called T’nalak. Before passing away in 2015, Lang Dulay was able to pass on her knowledge and taught
her family about T’nalak weaving. Amongst the people she taught was her daughter-in-law Sebulan Dulay,
wife of her lone surviving son.

15. CARAGA REGION

Enchanted River- The Enchanted River in the coastal town of Hinatuan along the province of Surigao del
Sur. With the visual treat of greenish blue crystal clear waters, together with large salt-water fishes found in
the site, uniquely and truly the river is an enchantment for everyone who would be fortunate enough to
share a glimpse or bathe into the magic of what the area has to offer.

Golf at West Highland- West Highlands is a 27-hectare, 9-hole golf course in the Caraga Region located
at Barangay Bonbon, Butuan City. It’s the first and only executive course in Mindanao which uses U.S.
PGA Tour-grade Paspalum Te Turf Grass.

16. AUTONOMOUS REGION IN MUSLIM MINDANAO (ARMM)

Lake Lanao- Situated on a high plateau surrounded by towering mountains in the Mindanao Super Region,
this pristine gem spans over 84,000 acres. The lake is a vital source of more than 50% of the hydroelectric
power on the island, making it a cornerstone for the province’s energy needs.

Tawi-tawi’s Beach- The beach’s shoreline is lined with white sand, lots of tiny pebbles, corals and starfish.
There’s also a picturesque wooden pier on one side of the island. The place used to have a resort, but the
main structure has been abandoned.

17. NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

Intramuros- Intramuros, urban district and historic walled city within Metropolitan Manila, in the Philippines.
The name, from the Spanish word meaning “within walls,” refers to the fortified city founded at the mouth of
the Pasig River shortly after 1571 by the Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi.

Fort Santiago- Fort Santiago is one of the fortifications of Intramuros, the walled city of Manila, the capital
of the Philippines. It witnessed the colonial era and the independence movement of the Philippines, and it
was also the last prison and execution site of Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines.