Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:

Add instructor notes here.

Customer Information Control

System
Lesson 2 : System Components

Page – 02 - 1
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
Lesson Objectives

In this lesson, you will learn about:

• The Management Modules of CICS
• Tables

Page – 02 - 2
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept Of Management Modules

The CICS/MVS system consists of:

• Management Modules
• Tables
• Control Blocks

Management modules are the CICS/MVS programs that interface between the
operating system and the application program

Each management module performs a particular function

Introduction to Management Modules:

Example: When an application program issues a request to read
record, the File Control Program management module processes the
request.
Input/output requests are made to CICS/MVS, instead of the operating
system, as they are in batch processing environment.
CICS takes over the difficult part of I/O operations, leaving only the
execution logic to the application program.

Page – 02 - 3
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept Of Management Modules (contd..)

Terminal
Control Basic
File Mapping
Control Support

Trace Program
Control Control

Dump Task
Control Nucleus Control

Storage Interval
Control Control

Transient
Journal Data
Control Temporary Control
Storage
Control

Introduction to Management Modules (contd.):

At the center of the figure is the nucleus of the CICS. The nucleus
handles general functions that are crucial to the operation of CICS –
functions such as multitasking, multithreading, security, and recovery.
The functions of the nucleus are automatic.

Page – 02 - 4
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Control Programs and Control Tables

Control programs Control Tables

TCP (Terminal control program) TCT (Terminal control table)

SCP (Storage control program) PCT (Program control table)

KCP (Task control program) PPT (Proc. program table

TDP (Transient data TST (Temp. storage table)

program)
FCP (File control DCT (Destination control table)
program)
TSP (Temp. storage JCT (Journal control table)
program)
JCP (Journal control
program)
PCP (Program control program)

Page – 02 - 5
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept Of FCP

FCP manages file processing activities of each application program.

FCP makes use of a table called File Control Table (FCT).
FCT includes an entry for each file that is to be used during the operation of CICS.
It frees application programmer from defining the physical organization and other
file attributes.

File Control Program Management Module (FCP):

➢ The file control module manages the file processing activities of
each application program.
➢ A command level CICS COBOL program does all file processing
through CICS file control requests.
➢ Facilities like OPEN, READ, and WRITE is not allowed.
➢ When the file control receives a request, it passes it on to one of
the host operating system’s access methods such as (QSAM,
ISAM, or VSAM) which in turn control’s the system’s secondary
storage devices.

Page – 02 - 6
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept Of FCP

The file control module simplifies the file processing code in a program.
The following statements need not be coded:
• OPEN, CLOSE
• SELECT and FD
The record description is coded in the working storage section.
The appropriate file control commands are coded in the procedure division.

File Control Program Management Module (FCP):

➢ FCT includes an entry for each file that is to be used during the
operation of CICS.
➢ Each entry in the FCT contains all the descriptive information for
the file that it represents, thereby freeing the application
programmer from defining the physical organization and other file
attributes.
➢ The application programmer simply refers to the symbolic name
that identifies the file entry in the FCT.

Page – 02 - 7
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept Of FCP

Application program

File control requests

CICS File control

Host operating Access methods (VSAM,QSAM,ISAM)

system

Direct access devices

Page – 02 - 8
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept of TCP

TCP is a management module.

• It handles communication between online application program and terminals by means of
terminal control commands.
• Example: Send and Receive
• It allows to send text or receive text from the terminal that initiated the task.

Terminal control is difficult to use directly.

Terminal Control Program Management Module (TCP):

➢ TCP handles communication between online application program
and the telecommunication access method of the operating system
like VTAM, BTAM.
➢ TCP is CICS interface to telecommunication access methods
(VTAM/BTAM).
➢ It transfers data between the application program and the terminal.
➢ Terminal control is difficult to use directly since an application
program that uses terminal control directly must process:
– Complicated strings of control characters
– Data sent to and received from the terminal

Page – 02 - 9
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept of TCP

Terminal Control

Application program

Terminal Control requests

CICS
Terminal Control

Host
Operating TC Access Methods
System (TCAM, BTAM, VTAM)

Terminal Devices

Page – 02 - 10
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept of TCP

To relieve the programmer of the task of building and decoding complex string of
characters and data, Basic Mapping Support (or BMS) was developed.
BMS (a part of CICS) is an interface between the application program and the
terminal control.
To receive from or send data to a terminal, an application program issues a BMS
request.
After BMS retrieves the specified map definition, it formats a terminal control that is
valid for the type of terminal that initiated the task and that matches the map
definition.

Page – 02 - 11
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept of TCP

Basic Mapping Support

Map
Definition Application program

BMS Requests

CICS Terminal
BM
S Terminal control
control
requests

Host
Operating TC Access Methods
System (TCAM, BTAM, VTAM)

Terminal
Devices

Page – 02 - 12
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

TCP Functions

Let us see some of the functions done by TCP:

• It requests terminals to send their transactions.
• It transfers data between the application program and the terminal.
• All data transfers are requested by the application program but are executed by TCP.
• It handles hardware communications requirements.
• TCP is responsible for the actual transmission of a message over communication lines.

Page – 02 - 13
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

TCP Functions

• It searches the Terminal Control Table (TCT).

• Each terminal in the network is identified by a unique entry in the Terminal Control Table.
• The entry is called Terminal Control Table Terminal Entry (TCTTE).
• When data is ready to be sent to the terminal, a flag is set ON in the terminal’s TCTTE.
• TCP searches the TCT periodically and causes the data to be sent to the respective
terminals.
• It requests initiation of a new task.
• All functions carried out by TCP are transparent to application program.
• Programmer simply needs to code RECEIVE and SEND commands.

Page – 02 - 14
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept Of PCP

Under CICS, a task may consist of more than one application program.

• For example, the application program executed when a task is begun may transfer control
to a different program, which in turn may invoke yet another program.

The program control module manages the flow of control from one program to
another within a task.

Page – 02 - 15
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

PCP Functions

PCP manages the flow of control within task.

It is responsible for:
• Locating application program and if necessary load them into storage for execution.
• Transferring control to the program and returning control back to CICS.
PCP also facilitates one application program transferring control to another
application program via LINK and XCTL commands.

Program Control Program Management Module (PCP):

➢ The validity of transaction-id supplied by the user is checked from
the PCT by Program Control Program management module (PCP).
➢ In carrying out its program control functions, PCP makes use of a
table called the Processing Program Table (PPT). There is an entry
in the table (PPT) for each application program along with its name,
host language, and address.
➢ PCP knows if there are any tasks currently using the same
program, from the value of USE COUNTER in PPT.
➢ If USE COUNTER is zero, then the storage is made available for
other purpose.

Page – 02 - 16
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept Of KCP

KCP creates a task for the transaction requested.

• It checks the validity of the transaction-id and the authority of the operator.
• It allocates processor time among the tasks.
• It keeps control of the status of all CICS tasks being processed concurrently.
• Transaction request can be made either:
• By entering transaction Id at the terminal
• By another CICS transaction

Task Control Program Management Module (KCP):

➢ Task Control keeps control of the status of all CICS tasks. Many of
them will be processed concurrently and task control allocates
processor time among them. This is called multitasking.
➢ When an operator requests a transaction, normally by logging on
and keying in a transaction code, CICS checks the status of the
operator and the terminal. This ensures that the operator is known
to the system and that the transaction is valid for that user and the
terminal. Task Control then creates a task for that transaction.
➢ Transaction request can be made either by entering transaction-id
at the terminal or by another CICS transaction.
➢ A transaction is processed up to an instruction involving input from
a file or a terminal, for instance. Then while the transaction waits for
its input, another waiting task begins or resumes execution.

Page – 02 - 17
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Concept Of KCP

Operator enters Terminal

trans-id ORD1:
PCT

CICS locates trans-id Transactio Program

ORD1 in the program n
DM01 DMPGM01
control table Virtual Storage
DM02 DMPGM02
ORD1 ORD1PGM1
DMPGM01
PPT

MMAPGM1
CICS locates the Location Dataset
program ORDPGM1 in A DMPGM01
the processing B DMPGM02 (Available)
program table D ORD1PGM1

Disk Device

Program Locatio CICS loads the

DMPGM0 n
Core object module
1
DMPGM0 Disk=B ORDPGM1 into
2
ORD1PGM1 Disk=D virtual storage and
the task begins

Page – 02 - 18
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Storage Control Module

The Storage Control Module allocates storage space to application programs.

This process is automatic and there are very few application programs where we
need to manage storage control functions.

Page – 02 - 19
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Storage Control Program (SCP)

SCP maintains full control over the virtual storage.

It acquires, controls, and releases dynamic storage during execution of a task.
Allocation of main storage is automatic.
It controls requests for the main storage.

Page – 02 - 20
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Interval Control Module

Interval Control Module allows you to implement time dependent applications.

It provides a way of starting a task that is an alternative to keying in a trans-id.
Using the interval control functions you can specify that a task be started at a
specific time or after a specific time interval has passed.

Page – 02 - 21
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.1: Management Modules

Journal Control Module

Journal Control Module provides a standardized method of creating sequential files,

called journals, which are used to restore master files in the event of a system
failure.

Page – 02 - 22
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.2: Tables

Concept of Tables

Tables define the resources that are controlled by CICS.

Each table is associated with corresponding management modules.
The tables are brought into storage when CICS is initialized.
Example:
• Terminal control table defines the terminals in the network.
• File control table describes the data files that are accessed by the CICS program.

Page – 02 - 23
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.2: Tables

Concept of Tables

Some of the important tables in CICS/MVS are:

• FCT: File Control Table
• PCT: Program Control Table
• PPT: Processing Program Table
• TCT: Terminal Control Table
• DCT: Destination Control Table
• SIT: System Initialization Table
• SNT: Sign On table

Page – 02 - 24
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.2: Tables

Concept of PCT

Show PCT in A special table, called the PCT or Program Control Table, defines each transaction.
CA-Realia. PCT contains list of valid transaction identifiers.
Explain that in Each trans-id is paired with the name of the program.
Projects most CICS will load and execute when the transaction is invoked.
of the time
tables, are not
accessible to
everyone. Only
people with
appropriate
privilege
have access to
It. Even our vendor
DSRC does
not allow us to
access tables.

Page – 02 - 25
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.2: Tables

Concept of PCT

The PCT contains the control information to be used by CICS for identifying and
initializing a transaction.

This table is required by CICS to verify incoming requests to start transactions and
to supply information about the transaction.

Page – 02 - 26
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.2: Tables

Concept of PPT

Another CICS table called Processing Program Table (PPT), contains a list of valid
program names.
The PPT indicates each program’s location – a storage address if the program has
already been loaded or a disk location if the program has not been loaded.
CICS uses PPT to determine whether it will load a new copy of the program when
the transaction is invoked.
The PPT defines the programs and mapsets.

Page – 02 - 27
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.2: Tables

Concept of TCT

The Terminal Control Table (TCT) describes a configuration of terminals, logical

units, and other CICS systems.

Page – 02 - 28
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.2: Tables

Concept of FCT

The File Control Table (FCT) describes files that are processed by file control
management module.
The CICS system definition (CSD) file is defined in the FCT, in addition to your own
files.
The files defined in the FCT can be VSAM or BDAM.

Page – 02 - 29
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.2: Tables

System Initialization Table

The System Initialization Table (SIT) contains parameters used by the system
initialization process.

In particular, the SIT identifies (by suffix character) the version of the CICS system
control programs and CICS tables that you have specified and that are to be
loaded.

Page – 02 - 30
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.2: Tables

Concept of SNT

The Sign-On Table (SNT) contains a list of all authorized CICS users.
For each user, a one to three character operator identification, an operator name,
and an optional password are supplied.
To access the system, one needs to know his/her operator name and password.
In addition, the SNT provides a security key that is used to determine the resources
that are available to each user.

Page – 02 - 31
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.3: Control Blocks

Concept of Control Blocks

Control Blocks are dynamically created by CICS when needed.

They are accessed by CICS modules during execution of tasks.
They are released when no longer needed.
For example:
• A control block called Task Control Area (TCA) represents each transaction.
• Information about current task is stored into control block named Execute Interface Block
(EIB).

Page – 02 - 32
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
2.3: Control Blocks

Flow of Transaction

Case: INQY 1234

Inquiry transaction against a dataset to read a Part # 1234
• Step-1. Read Input data from terminal
• Step-2. Start the transaction
• Step-3. Process the input
• Step-4. Read the record
• Step-5. Prepare the output
• Step-6. End the transaction
• Step-7. Write the output

Step-1. Read Input data from terminal

➢ TCP gets control
➢ Validates Terminal Existence from TCT.
➢ Thru SCP acquires Terminal Input Output Area (TIOA) in the
Dynamic Storage Area (DSA).
➢ Updates TCTTE with address of TIOA.
➢ Requests initiation of task thru KCP.
➢ Step-2. Start the transaction
➢ KCP validates transaction by searching PCT.
➢ Acquires any areas (TWA) thru SCP.
➢ Creates Task Control Area (TCA) and assigns a task sequence
number.
➢ Links TCTTE & TCA with pointers.
➢ Passes control to program control.
➢ Step-3. Process the input
➢ PCP checks PPT for load module.
➢ Loads the program in DSA.
➢ Creates a copy of working storage in DSA and links to TCA.
➢ Application program gets control & reads input data from TIOA.

Page – 02 - 33
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:

Step-4. Read the record

➢ Application program calls FCP
➢ FCP checks FCT, reads the record for part # 1234 from the file.
Step-5. Prepare the output
Application program calls TCP and sends the formatted data.

Step-6. End the transaction

Task control releases all storage associated with this task.

Step-7. Write the output

TCP sends output from TIOA to terminal as soon as communication

line to terminal is free.

Releases TIOA.

Begins polling terminal for new transaction

Page – 02 - 34
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
Summary

In this lesson, you have learnt about:

• Management modules and their types
• Tables and their Types
• Control blocks

Page – 02 - 35
 Customer Information Control System System Components

Instructor Notes:
Review Questions

1. TCP Question 1: ___ module transfers data between the application program and
the terminal.
2. False
3. Interval
Question 2: A task consists of only one application program.
control program • True/False
management module
Question 3: ___ module allows to implement time dependent applications.

Page – 02 - 36