PURLINS DESIGN
SPEC413
DESIGN OF PURLINS
Purlins are usually subjected to vertical loads and
normal thus causing bending moments on both x-axis
and y-axis.
Wn = (W1 + W2) Cos ϴ + W3
Wt = (W1 + W2) Sin ϴ
Note:
Assuming all vertical loads passes through the centroid
of purlins)
DESIGN OF PURLINS
Since the Purlins are subjected to bending in both
directions when we could use the following expression:
fbx / Fbx + fby / Fby < 1.0
fbx = Mx / Sx
fby = My / Sy (assuming all loads are acting on the
centroid of W section)
Fbx = 0.66 Fy for compact section
Fby = 0.75 Fy for bending along the weaker axis.
SAG RODS OF PURLINS
The presence of sag rods on the purlins reduces
the moment along the minor axis to a max. of
Wy x L^2 / 32 when sag rods are used at mid span
and Wy L^2 / 90 when sag rods are used at one third
points. The sag rods act as lateral support for the purlins
and keeping the purlins in proper alignment during
erection until the roof is installed and connected to the
purlins.
Sag rods at midspan of purlins:
Using three moment
Equation
1 R = 5 /8 Wy x L
2 Mx = Wx L^2 / 8
3 My = -Wy L^2 / 32
Sag rods at middle third of purlins:
Using three moment
Equation
1 R = 11 /30 Wy x L
2 Mx = Wx L^2 / 8
3 My = -Wy L^2 / 90
PROBLEM NO. 1
The spacing of truss 4.6 m on center. Sag rods are used in the mid points
between trusses. Assume full lateral support is supplied by the roof. Use A 36
steel with Fy = 248 Mpa. Assume all loads acting on the purlins along the top
chord is 1.4 m. Pitch of truss = ¼. The purlins are subjected to the following
loads:
Deadload = 1440 N/m^2 of roof surface
Roofing = 288 N/m^2
Wind surface = 720 N/m^2 perpendicular to the roof surface
Design W section for the purlins:
SECTION WEIGHT Area Depth Flange Flange Web Sx Sx
N/m mm^2 mm Width Thick Thick
mm mm mm mm^3 mm^3
W 6 x 8.5 124.3 1619.35 148.082 100.076 4.928 4.318 83246 16551
W 6 x 12 175.5 2283.87 152.4 101.6 7.087 5.842 118806 24417
W 4 x 13 190.1 2464.51 105.664 103.124 8.763 7.112 89309 30316
1.4
4.6 4.6
W2 = 1008 N/m
W1 = 2569.2 N/m
2 2
Find the total loads: Wx = 1008 + 2569.2 Cos ϴ
Deadload = 1440 x 1.4 = 2016 N / m tan ϴ = 1 / 2 = 26.6°
Roof = 288 x 1.4 = 403.2 N / m = 1008 + 2569.2 Cos 26.6°
Wind= 720 x 1.4 = 1008 N / m Wx = 3305.3 N/ m(load along X)
Weight of Purlins = 150 N/m
Wy = 2569.2 Sin 26.6
Total vertical loads = 1150.4 N/m (load along Y)
= 2016 + 403.2 + 150
= 2569.2 N / m
Moment of X:
Mx = Wx x L^2 / 8
= 3305.3 x 4.6^2 / 8
= 8742.52 N.m
Moment of Y:
My = Wy x L^2 / 32
= 1150.4 x 4.6^2 / 32
= 760.7 N.m
TRY W 6 X 8.5 , Sx =83246mm^3, bf / 2 tf < 170 / √ Fy
Sy = 16551 mm^3 10.15 < 10.80
fbx = Mx / Sx
It is compact section
= 8742520 / 83246
= 105.02
Use Fbx = 0.66 Fy
fby = My / Sy Fby = 0.75 Fy
= 760700 / 16551
= 45.96 fbx / 0.66 Fy + fby / 0.75 Fy <1.0
105.02 / 0.66(248) +
bf / 2 tf 45.96/0.75(248)< 1.0
100.076 / 2 (4.928) W 6x 8.5 purlins
= 10.15
170 / √ Fy
= 170 / √ 248 = 10.80
PROBLEM NO. 2
Select a W section to serve as a purlin between roof trusses 7.2 m on
centers. The roof is assumed to support a dead load of 960 N/m^2 of roof
surface including its weight and deadload of 960 N/m^2 of horizontal roof
surface projection. The slope of the roof truss is 1 vertically to 2 horizontally and
the purlins are to be spaced 1.8 m on centers. Use A36 steel with Fy = 248 Mpa.
Assume loads pass through the center of gravity of the section. Sag rods are to
be placed at the middle thirds between trusses.
SECTION Area Depth Flange Flange Web Sx Sx
mm^2 mm Width Thick Thick
mm mm mm mm^3 mm^3
W 6 x 12 2283.9 152.4 101.6 7.09 5.84 118806.21 24416.7
W 6 x 16 3045.2 158.75 102.36 10.26 6.6 167148.05 35887.67
W 8 x 10 1909.7 200.66 100.08 5.18 4.32 127819.10 17370.29
X = 1.61
tanϴ = 1 / 2
ϴ = 26.6 °
x = cos 26.6
= 1.61
Find the total loads: Wx = 3273.6 Cos ϴ
Deadload = 960 x 1.8 = 1728 N / m tan ϴ = 1 / 2 = 26.6°
Deadload = 960 x 1.61 = 1545.6 N / m = 3273.6 Cos 26.6°
Wx = 2927 N/ m(load along X)
Total vertical loads
= 1728 + 1545.6 Wy = 3273.6 Sin 26.6
= 3273.6 N / m = 1466 N/m (load along Y)
Moment of X:
Wt = 3273.6 Mx = Wx x L^2 / 8
= 2927 x 7.2^2 / 8
= 18,967 N.m
Moment of Y:
My = Wy x L^2 / 90
= 1466 x 7.2^2 / 90
= 844.4 N.m
Approximate Section Modulus TRY W 6 X 12 , Sx =118,806.210
mm^3, Sy = 24416.7 mm^3
Sx = Mx / 0.66 Fy fbx = Mx / Sx
=28967000 / 118806.21
= 18967000
= 159.65
0.66 x 248
= 115878.5 mm^3
fby = My / Sy
= 844400 / 24416.7
Sy = My / 0.75 Fy
= 34.58
= 844400 / 0.75 x 248
= 4539.8 mm^3 bf / 2 tf
101.6 / 2 (7.09)
= 7.165
170 / √ Fy
= 170 / √ 248 = 10.80
bf / 2 tf < 170 / √ Fy TRY W 6 X 16 , Sx =167148.05
mm^3, Sy = 35887.67 mm^3
7.165 < 10.80
fbx = Mx / Sx
It is compact section =18967000 / 167148.05
= 113.47 Mpa
Use Fbx = 0.66 Fy
Fby = 0.75 Fy fby = My / Sy
= 844400 / 35887.67
fbx / 0.66 Fy + fby / 0.75 Fy <1.0 = 23.53 Mpa
159.65/ 0.66(248) +
34.58/0.75(248)> 1.0 bf / 2 tf
1.1613 >1.0 : failed 102.36 / 2 (10.26)
= 4.99
170 / √ Fy
= 170 / √ 248 = 10.80
bf / 2 tf < 170 / √ Fy TRY W 8 X 10 , Sx
=127819.10mm^3, Sy =
4.99 < 10.80 17370.29mm^3
It is compact section fbx = Mx / Sx
=18967000 / 127819.10
= 148.39 Mpa
Use Fbx = 0.66 Fy
Fby = 0.75 Fy fby = My / Sy
= 844400 / 17370.29
= 48.61 Mpa
fbx / 0.66 Fy + fby / 0.75 Fy <1.0
113.47/ 0.66(248) +
bf / 2 tf
23.53/0.75(248)> 1.0
100.08 / 2 (5.18)
0.819 >1.0 : safe = 9.66
170 / √ Fy
= 170 / √ 248 = 10.80
bf / 2 tf < 170 / √ Fy
9.66 < 10.80
It is compact section
Use Fbx = 0.66 Fy
Fby = 0.75 Fy
fbx / 0.66 Fy + fby / 0.75 Fy <1.0
148.39/ 0.66(248) +
48.61/0.75(248)> 1.0
1.17 >1.0 : failed
THEREFORE USE W 6 X 16