1 Percents Greater than 100%

Represent and interpret percents greater than 1000/0.

1. Represent each percent on the 10-by-10 grids.

At-Home He!
Use one full grid to represent 100%. Percent means "per one hundreds'
To represent a percent greater
a) 175%
than 100%, first represent 100%.
Use this representation to show
percents greater than 100%.
For example, represent 150%
using 10-by-10 grids:
one grid is 100%
111111111171111111511111
0111.1111112111111111111
111111111Millaill
111111111111111111011111111
1111111111111111111111111111
111151111111111111111111111
b) 280% 1111111111111111111111111111
IIIIIN111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111111111
mananammin
100% + 50% = 150%
For example, 150% of 30 = ?
100% of 30 = 30
50% of 30 =15
150% of 30 = 30 + 15 = 45

2. Solve.

a) 140% of 80 = c) 160% of 30 =

b) 210% of 11 =- d) 350% of 50 =

3. Calculate each amount.

a) 250% of $30 =

b) 175% of $30 —

c) 350% of $30 =

4. There are 500 students enrolled in David's school.

This is 175% of the enrollment in the school when it opened 10 years ago.
How many students were in David's school when it opened?

Copyright © 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd. Chapter 4: Percents 31

 .2 Fractional Percents

GOAL
Represent and interpret percents between 0% and 1%.

1. Represent each percent on a thousandths grid. At-Home He!

a) 25.5% To represent percents that involve
parts of 1%, divide 1% into parts.
For example, you can express
2.5% as 2% + 0.5%. 0.5% is half
of 1%.
Represent 2.5% on a
thousandths grid.

1.11111111•1•111111111
Illll Immummom
111111111•1111111=
11111•111•11111111111111
1•11111•111111111111M
b) 4.3%
• 111111111111MIMI
111•••11111•1111111111
111111=11111111111111111
25 thousandths, or 102050

2. Suppose 4% of a container of ice cream is 16 mL. Calculate each amount of ice cream.

a) 1%= b) 0.1% = c) 1.6% =

3. There are 28 students in Darren's [Link] make up 18.3% of students in his school.
How many students are in his school?

4. Is 3.9% of a number always very close to 4% of the same number? Explain.

32 Chapter 4: Percents Copyright © 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd.

 7 Relating Percents to Decimals
.J and Fractions

Express a percent as an equivalent decimal or fraction,

or a decimal or fraction as an equivalent percent.

1. Describe the shaded area as a fraction, a decimal, and a

At-Home He!
percent. Use one full grid to represent 100%.
To express a percent as a decimal,
first write it as a fraction with a
•••••••••• denominator of [Link] write
••••••••••
•••••••••• the decimal.
•••••••••• For example, 27
•••••••••••
•••••••••• 270/0 =
27

••••••••••r■
••••••••••
i•••••••••• Imo
= 0.27
12
104% = _
1111•••=11.2110 = 1.04
To express a decimal as a percent,
fraction =
first express it as a number of
hundredths.
decimal =
For example,
0.375 = 37 hundredths
percent = + 5 thousandths, or 37.5%
To express a fraction as a percent,
2. Katie's DVD collection is 350% larger than Mike's. divide the numerator by the
Write the ratio as a fraction and a decimal. denominator.
For example,
fraction = decimal =
3 .

3. Complete the table. = 0.375 or 37.5%

Percent Equivalent fraction Equivalent decimal

4.8%

0.052

133
100

2.5%

Copyright © 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd. Chapter 4: Percents 33

 Solving Problems Using
a Proportion

Solve a percent problem using an equivalent ratio.

1. Solve.

a) 410% of 89 = To solve a percent problem, you

can set up a proportion using an
b) 83.5% of 67 = equivalent ratio.
For example, suppose 40 is 160%
c) 640% of = 22
of a number and you want to
solve for the number. Set up a
2. Sylvia answered 62% of the questions on a math test proportion:
correctly.
There were 30 questions on the test.
4x
How many questions did Sylvia answer correctly? 40 160 40 160
III 100 II 100
4x
Since 40 X 4 = 160,
then U X 4 = 100.
3. In 2004, there were 576 students in Daniel's school.
In 2008, the number of students in Daniel's school was Since 25 X 4 = 100,
then MI = 25.
135.4% of that number.
How many students were in Daniel's school in 2008?

4. What number is 75% of 4?

5. 8 is 40% of what number?

34 Chapter 4: Percents Copyright 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd.

 Solving Percent Problems Using
Decimals

Use the decimal representation of a percent to solve

a problem.
s„.

1. Write equations involving decimals you can use to solve At-Home He!
each, then solve the equations. To express a percent as a decimal,
express it as a number of
a) 13.2% of 87
hundredths.
For example, what is 124% of 18?
b) 85.5% of 298 124% is 124 hundredths, or 1.24.
124% of 18= 1.24 X 18
= 22.32
c) 146% of 50 For example, if 200 is 40% of a
number, what is the number?
40% of number = 200
d) 0.5% of 9
0.40 X number = 200
number = 200 ÷ 0.40
2. Calculate. = 500

a) 12% of 90 =

b) 175% of 30 =

c) 3.2% of 300 =

3. Mike's parents bought him a new computer for $999.

It was on sale for 75% of the original cost.
What was the original price?

4. Rachel is planning to buy an MP3 player.

It costs $299, which is 137% of the amount in her bank account.
How much money has Rachel saved?

5. There are 13 students in Marla's class who play in the local volleyball league.
These students make up 9% of the league. How many students are in the league?

Copyright @ 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd. Chapter 4: Percents 35

 Solve Problems by Changing
. Your Point of View

Solve problems by looking at situations in different ways.

You may need a calculator for this lesson.

At-Home He/
To determine the amount by
1. The local football team wants to sell their team photo as
which to enlarge or reduce an
a poster for next season. The current photo is 30 cm x area, express the percent as
24 cm and must be enlarged to 420% of its original size. a decimal.
For example, to enlarge an area of
a) What is the area of the rectangular photo?
10.0 m2 by 110%:
cm2 110% of 10.0 m2 = 1.10 x 10.0
= 11.0 m2
b) Explain how you can determine the area of the poster
at 420% of the original size.

c) Complete the table to show another way to solve the problem.

Enlargement Enlargement
or reduction or reduction Total
Original size Part 1 Part 2 enlargement

Area

100% 20% 400% 420%

d) How else can you solve this problem using the photo's measurements?

36 Chapter 4: Percents Copyright 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd.

 Solving Percent Problems Using
Fractions

Create and solve a percent problem using fractions.

1. Write each percent as a fraction. At-Home He!

a) 75% =
When you multiply a whole
number by a proper fraction, the
answer will always be less than
b) 25% = the original number.
For example, 5 x:1
4=1
When you divide a whole number
c) 60% = by a proper fraction, the answer
will always be greater than the
original number.
d) 15%=
For example, 5 = 20

2. Girls make up 50% of a Grade 8 math class.

There are 32 students in the class.
How many students are girls?

3. There are 20 students on the school hockey team.

The hockey players make up 5% of the school's population.
How many students attend this school?

4. Angelie saw 15 movies in the past three months.

They made up 75% of the movies she has seen this year.
How many movies has she seen this year?

5. Nathan read 16 graphic novels in the past few weeks.

They made up 25% of the novels he has read this year.
How many novels has he read this year?

Copyright @ 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd. Chapter 4: Percents 37

 4. ombining Percents

Use percents to solve problems involving two percentages.

1. Determine each amount.

At-Home He!
a) 10% of 100 + 4% of 100 You can add percents when they
are both a percent of the same
% of 100 amount.
For example,
5% of $50 is $2.50 and 7% of $50
is $3.50, so 12% of $50 is
$2.50 + $3.50 = $6.00
b) 7% of 100 + 10% of 100

% of 100

c) 17% of 100 + 14% of 100

% of 100

2. Joan lives in Alberta, where the GST is 5% and there is no PST.

She plans to buy an MP3 player that is on sale for 15% off the regular price of $99.95.
Calculate the discounted price and the final cost.

3. Krista wants to buy a DVD. Store A sells the DVD at 10% off the regular price of $19.99.
Store B sells the same DVD for $22.99, with 15% off. Which store has the better price?

38 Chapter 4: Percents Copyright C) 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd.

 Percent Change

Solve problems involving changes described as percents.

1. Calculate each increase or decrease.

At-Home Hel
a) 35% increase from 15 = To calculate a percent increase or
decrease, add or subtract that
percent to 100% of the original
amount.
b) 10% decrease from 27 = For example, a 20% increase
from 40 is
100% of 40 + 20% of 40
= 120% of 40
2. Calculate each percent increase or decrease. = 1.2 x 40
= 48
a) from 150 to 200 = For example, a 20% decrease
from 40 is
100% of 40 — 20% of 40
= 80% of 40
b) from 400 to 125 = = 0.8 x 40
= 32

3. A football player increased in mass from 100 kg to 115 kg in the off-season.

Muscle makes up of human body weight.
What was the percent increase in amount of muscle?

4. Calculate the percent increase.

a) A retailer buys a pair of jeans for $25 and sells the jeans for $95.

b) An entertainment store buys CDs for $7 and sells them for $22.95.

Copyright @ 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd. Chapter 4: Percents 39

Chapter Test Yourself

Circle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Calculate the number that is 150% of 10.

A. 1.5 B. 15 C. 150 D. 0.15

2. Which set of grids represents 175%?

A. C.

B. D. 1111111111111111111111111111
11111111111111111111111111
11111111111111•11111111111
1111111111111111111111111
11111111111111011111111111
11111111111111111111111111111
lummumem

3. The 22 students in Sasha's class make up 8.8% of students in her school. How many
students are in her school?

A. 44 B. 88 C. 98 D. 250

4. Suppose 8% of a yogurt container is 16 mL. How many millilitres are in 3.2%?

A. 6.4 mL B. 100 mL C. 16 mL D. 8 mL

5. Brett's DVD collection is 225% larger than Jeremy's. Which fraction and decimal express
this ratio?

1 1 1 1
A. 2 — 1.25 B. 2 — 22.5 C. 2 — 2.25 D. 1 — 2.2
4' 4' 2'

6. Calculate 180% of 42.

A. 75.6 B. 756 C. 180 D. 84

40 Chapter 4: Percents Copyright 0 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd.

Chapter Test Yourself continued

7. Calculate 135% of 20.

A. 20 B. 40 C. 27 D. 135

8. Which percent is equivalent to 0.062?

A. 62% B. 6.2% C. 0.062% D. 0.62%

9. What number is 37.5% of 200?

A. 72 B. 75 C. 7.5 D. 37.5

10. 42 is 350% of what number?

A. 13 B. 9 C. 12 D. 15

11. What is 1.5% of 200?

A. 3 B. 15 C. 9 D. 6

12. There is no provincial sales tax in [Link] G.S.T. is 5%. What is the final cost of an item
priced at $85.00 in Alberta?

A. $90.00 B. $89.25 C. $95.27 D. $86.25

13. A model car with a mass of 70 kg is 10% of the mass of the real car.
What is the mass of the real car?

A. 700 kg B. 7000 kg C. 5400 kg D. 7 kg

14. An MP3 player sells for $397.98. What is the total cost including 5% G.S.T. and 7% RS.T.?

A. $445.74 B. $47.75 C. $425.83 D. $417.87

15. A DVD player sells for $299.98. What is the total cost including 5% G.S.T. and 7% RS.T.?

A. $299.98 B. $335.98 C. $314.98 D. $320.98

16. In Calgary, the average amount of snowfall is 12 cm in October and 16 cm in November.

Which percent expresses this increase?

A. 50% B. 30% C. 150% D. 133%

Copyright © 2009 by Nelson Education Ltd. Chapter 4: Percents 41