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Fluid Mechanics Problems and Solutions

The document contains a series of fluid mechanics problems related to properties of fluids, including calculations for a helium-filled balloon, tire pressure changes with temperature, cavitation risk for a propeller, density and pressure variations in seawater, and forces on pistons and plates in fluid systems. Each problem requires specific calculations based on given parameters such as temperature, pressure, and viscosity. The document is intended for engineering students at Alexandria University, focusing on practical applications of fluid mechanics principles.

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Hazem Ali
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12 views2 pages

Fluid Mechanics Problems and Solutions

The document contains a series of fluid mechanics problems related to properties of fluids, including calculations for a helium-filled balloon, tire pressure changes with temperature, cavitation risk for a propeller, density and pressure variations in seawater, and forces on pistons and plates in fluid systems. Each problem requires specific calculations based on given parameters such as temperature, pressure, and viscosity. The document is intended for engineering students at Alexandria University, focusing on practical applications of fluid mechanics principles.

Uploaded by

Hazem Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Alexandria University Naval Architecture &

Faculty of Engineering Marine Engineering Dept.


2nd Year Sheet (1)
Fluid Mechanics (I) 09/2016
Sheet (1) - Properties of Fluids

1. A spherical balloon with a diameter of 6 m is filled with helium at


20 oC and 200 kpa. Determine the mole number and the mass of the
helium in the balloon.

2. The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of


the air in the tire. When the air temperature is 25 oC, the pressure
gage reads 210 kpa. If the volume of the tire is 0.025 m3. Determine
the pressure rise in the tire when the air temperature in the tire rises
to 50 oC. Also determine the amount of air that must be bled off to
restore the pressure to its original value at this temperature.
Assume the atmospheric pressure to be 100 kpa.

3. The analysis of a propeller that operates in water at 20 oC shows


that the pressure at the tip of the propeller drops to 2 kpa at high
speeds. Given that the vapor pressure of water at 20°C is 2.339
kPa. Determine if there is a danger of cavitation for this propeller.

4. The density of sea water at a free surface where the pressure is 98


kpa is approx. 1030 kg/m3. Taking the bulk modulus of elasticity of
sea water to be 2.34 x 109 N/m2 and expressing variation of
pressure with depth Z as dp = ρ g dz. Determine the density and
the pressure at a depth of 2500 m. disregard the effect of the
temperature.

5. A piston 50 mm in diameter and 20 cm in length moves co-axially


in a cylinder 52 mm in diameter. The space between the piston and
the cylinder is filled with oil of viscosity 0.09 Ns/m2. Assume a
linear variation in velocity. Determine the force required to move
the piston at 1 m/s.

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6. Water at 20 oC flows between two walls. The velocity is given by
U = 10 (0.01 y – y2) m/s where, y is measured in meters from the
lower wall. Determine:

a. The distance between the walls.


b. The shear stress at the wall.
c. The shear stress at a distance of 20 Mm from the wall.
d. The location of zero shear stress.
e. The location of maximum velocity.
(µ) water at 20 oC is 1.005 x 10-3 Ns/m2

7. A thin 20-cm x 20-cm flat plate is pulled at 1 m/s horizontally


through a 3.6-mm-thick oil layer sandwiched between two plates, one
stationary and the other moving at a constant velocity of 0.3 m/s, as
shown in Figure. The dynamic viscosity of oil is 0.027 Pa .s. Assuming
the velocity in each oil layer to vary linearly, (a) plot the velocity profile
and find the location where the oil velocity is zero and (b) determine the
force that needs to be applied on the plate to maintain this motion.

8. The clutch system shown in Figure, is used to transmit torque


through a 3-mm-thick oil film with = 0.38 N.s/m2 between two
identical 30-cm-diameter disks. When the driving shaft rotates at a speed
of 1450 rpm, the driven shaft is observed to rotate at 1398 rpm. Assuming
a linear velocity profile for the oil film, determine the transmitted torque.

Good Luck
Dr. Tamer Hamed
Eng. Mah. Ibrahim
Page 2 of 2

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