Summary of Reinforcement Provided in Retaining Wall of Total Height 7 M

Sr. No. Structure Bar No. Dia of Bar Spacing / No. Shape Remarks
1 10 @ 200 C/C Toe Main Bar Full length
2 16 @ 200 C/C Toe Main Bar Curtailed
3 16 @ 200 C/C Heel Main Bar Full length
4 20 @ 200 C/C Heel Main Bar Curtailed

5 10 @ 150 C/C Distribution Bottom

6 10 @ 150 C/C Distribution top

7 16 @ 200 C/C Vertical Main bar Curtailed

Retaining
1
Wall
8 16 @ 200 C/C Vertical Main bar Full Length

Vertical bar on other face

9 16 @ 200 C/C
Full Length

Distribution Bar in Wall

10 10 @ 150 C/C
Earth Face

Distribution Bar in Wall

11 10 @ 150 C/C
Other Face
12 10 @ 150 C/C Links Wall
13 8 @ 150 C/C Links Footing
 10/27/2021 0 FOR APPROVAL PK PK AM
DATE REV. NO. DESCRIPTION DESIGNED CHECKED APPROVED

CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR CARRYING OUT FEASIBILITY STUDY, PREPARATION OF DETAILED

PROJECT REPORT AND PROVIDING PRE-CONSTRUCTION SERVICES IN RESPECT OF 2 LANING WITH
PROJECT PAVED SHOULDER OF IMPHAL-JIRIBAMSECTION OF NH-37 (NH-53) (LENGTH-220 KM) IN THE STATE OF
MANIPUR (PKG NO. NHIDCL/DPR/CT-IJ- TP/MANIPUR/2017)

CLIENT AUTHORITY ENGINEER

NATIONAL HIGHWAY & INFRA

STRUCTURE DEVLOPMENT
CORPORATION LIMITED

CONTRACTOR PROOF CONSULTANT

DESIGN
CONSULTANT

JOB NO. 21060

TOTAL NO. OF PAGE
NAME SIGN DATE
DSGN TITLE:- DESIGN REPORT OF RCC RETAINING WALL UPTO 3M HEIGHT
CHKD
APPD
REV.
DOC. NO. NHIDCL/21060/RW/DN/03
0

RELEASED FOR PRELIMINARY INFORMATION APPROVAL CONSTRUCTION

Design note of T-type RCC Retaining wall (Type - II) of total height
1.5 m above Ground level.
DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL FOR TOTAL HEIGHT UP
TO 5.00 M
 CONTENTS

[Link]. DESCRIPTION Page No.

1.1 Introduction & Dimension Details 3-4

1.2 Sketch ( Showing Dimension of RCC Retaining Wall) 5-5

1.3 Check for Stabality _ Normal Dry Case 6-8

1.4 Check for Stabality _ Normal HFL Case 9 - 11

1.5 Calculation of Seismic cofficients 12 - 13

1.6 Check for Stabality _ Seismic Dry Case 14 - 18

1.7 Calculation of Design Foundation Load 19 - 25

1.8 Design of Toe Slab 26 - 33

1.9 Design of Heel Slab 34 - 41

1.10 Design of wall Shaft 42 - 51

1.11 Summary of Reinforcement Provided 52 - 52

1.12 Stress Summary for RCC Retaining wall 53 - 54

1.1 INTRODUCTION:

This design note present the detailed calculation for T-type RCC Retaining Wall (Type - II). It contains the
typical design of Retaining wall Shaft and foundation. In the analysis the forces have been worked out at the
bottom of foundation for foundation design and at the top of foundation for Retaining wall shaft design.

1.1.1 DESIGN CONSTANTS:

Description Unit
Grade of concrete _ (Fck) M-35
Grade of Steel _ (Fy) Fe-500

Density of backfill earth (LWL) 20.00 Kn/m3

Density of backfill earth (HFL) 10.00 Kn/m3
Density of passive soil 20.00 Kn/m3
Density of concrete 25.00 Kn/m3
Density of water 10.00 Kn/m3
Mini. Fluid pressure as per clause 214.1 of IRC : 6 - 2017 4.8 Kn/m3

Clear cover to Reinforcement 0.050 m

Clear cover to Reinforcement for foundations as per Table 14.2 of
0.075 m
IRC 112 : 2011

Net safe bearing capacity (As per Geotechnical report) 180 kn/m2

Co-efficient of Friction (u) between soil & concrete as per Cl

0.50
706.3.4 of IRC 78 - 2014

Equilent Height of soil for live load surcharge as per clause

0.00 m
[Link] of IRC : 6 - 2017

Required Depth of Foundation below G.L. 0.50 m

Provided Depth of Foundation 5.50 m

1.1.2 Dimension Detail of T - Type RCC Retaining Wall (Type - II)

Description Unit
Ground level 105.500 m
Founding Level of Retaining wall 100.000 m
Top level of Retaining wall 107.000 m

Total height of Retaining Wall 7.00 m

Height of Retaining Wall Above Ground 1.50 m
Height of Retaining Wall Below Ground 5.50 m

Page 6 of 59
 Height of stem above Road level 0.00 m
Total height of stem 6.30 m
Thickness of Stem at top level 0.70 m
Thickness of Stem at base 0.70 m

Length of Heel slab 2.60 m

Length of Toe slab 1.50 m
Total Length of Base slab 4.80 m

Thickness of Footing at junction of Stem & Footing 0.70 m

Thickness of Footing at ends 0.30 m

Scour Depth below Ground level 0.00 m

Depth of Foundation below scour level 5.50 m
Total depth of foundation below Ground Level 5.50 m

1.1.3 Calculation of Earth pressure coefficients as per Cl. 214.1 of IRC 6 : 2017

Angle of friction of soil ( φ ) = 35.00 deg = 0.6109 rad

Angle of wall friction (δ ) = 22.50 deg = 0.3927 rad
Angle which earth face of wall make with the vertical
= 90.000 deg = 0.0000 rad
(α)
Angle of slope of filling (β) 0.00 deg = 0.0000 rad
Angle which earth face of wall make with the
= 0.00 deg = 0.0000 rad
horizontal
For straight portion wall angle = 90.00 deg = 1.5708 rad

Angle of force due to active earth pressure w.r.t.

= 24.74 deg = 0.4318 rad
horizontal
Coefficient of horizontal active earth pressur for
= 0.222
Inclined wall portion kah
Coefficient of horizontal active earth pressur for
= 0.226
straight wall portion kah
Coefficient of vertical active earth pressur for Inclined
= 0.102
portion
Coefficient of vertical active earth pressur for straight
= 0.094
portion

Coefficient of passive earth pressure kp = 62.019

Page 7 of 59
 1.2 Section of RCC Retaining wall (Showing Dimensions) for Total Height 1.5m above G.L. -
(Type - II)

0.70
Wall Top Level = 107.000 m

Back Fill 1.500

6.300
1
B B

3.15
Ground level = 105.500 m
Back Fill

4.800 5.200

10 5.500

A 9 11 A
2
6
4
0.400
Heel 0.700 Toe
0.300 3 5 0.300 Founding Level = 100.000

2.600 0.700 1.500 O

4.800

*All dimensions are in Metre.

Page 8 of 59
Load Factors (As per IRC:6-2014)

Table 3.2 Partial Safety Factor For Verification of Structural Strength: Ultimate Limit State

-Refer Table 3.2 of IRC:6-2014

Loads Basic Combination Seismic Combination

Dead Laod+SIDL except wearing course 1.350 1.35
Wearing Course only 1.750 1.75
Back Filling Weight 1.500 1.00
Earth Pressure due to back filling 1.500 1.000
Live Load Surcharge 1.200 0.20
Seismic Effect ( During Service) 1.50
Seismic Effect ( During Construction) 0.75

Table 3.3 Partial Safety Factor For Verification of Servicibilty Limit State

-Refer Table 3.3 of IRC:6-2014

Quasi-Permanent
Loads Rare Combination Frequent Combination
Combination

Dead Laod+SIDL including wearing course 1.000 1.00 1.00

Back Filling Weight 1.000 1.00 1.00

Shrinkage Creep Effect 1.000 1.00 1.00
Earth Pressure due to back filling 1.000 1.000 1.000
Live Load Surcharge 0.800 0.00 0.00

Table 3.4 Partial Safety Factor For Design of Foundation

-Refer Table 3.4 of IRC:6-2014

Loads Basic Combination Seismic Combination

Dead Laod+SIDL except wearing course 1.350 1.35
Wearing Course only 1.750 1.75
Back Filling Weight 1.350 1.35
Earth Pressure due to back filling 1.500 1.000
Live Load Surcharge 1.200 0.20
Seismic Effect ( During Service) 1.50
Seismic Effect ( During Construction) 0.75
1.3 CHECK FOR STABALITY OF RETAINING WALL - NORMAL CASE (DRY)

1.3.1 Calculation of Forces & moments due to Dead Wt. & Vertical Forces

Distance of Vertical Moment

Section Area No. Load Factor Area (m2) C.G. from "O" Force about "O" Remarks
(m) (Kn/m) (Kn-m)/m
1 1.0 4.41 1.85 110.25 203.96
2 1.0 0.52 3.07 13.00 39.87
3 1.0 0.78 3.50 19.50 68.25
RCC Wall
4 1.0 0.30 1.00 7.50 7.50
5 1.0 0.45 0.75 11.25 8.44 For area no.
refer Section
6 1.0 0.49 1.85 12.25 22.66
1.2 Sketch
7 1.0 16.38 3.50 327.60 1146.60
(showing
Back Fill 8 1.0 0.00 1.50 0.00 0.00
dimensions)
9 1.0 0.52 3.93 10.40 40.91
10 1.0 7.20 0.75 0.00 0.00
Passive Soil
11 1.0 0.30 0.50 0.00 0.00

Total 511.75 1538.19 (Kn-m)/m

1.3.2 Calculation of moments due to Lateral Forces

Moment
Lateral Lever arm
Type of force Load Factor about "O" Unit
Force (Kn) about O
(Kn-m)/m `
Minimum Pressure due to
Fluid as per Cl 710.1.3 of 1.5 50.4 3.50 176.40 (Kn-m)/m
IRC 78 : 2014
Active Earth pressure due
to back fill as per IRC 06 : 1.5 163.2 2.94 479.80 (Kn-m)/m
2016
Maximum of two values 163.2 479.80 (Kn-m)/m
Earth pressure due to live
load surcharge as per IRC 1.2 79.2 3.50 277.20 (Kn-m)/m
06 : 2016

Total 757.00 (Kn-m)/m

Passive Earth pressure as
0.9 0.00 1.83 0.00
per IRC 06 : 2016
Total 757.00 (Kn-m)/m

(The Earth Fill on Passive side is Protected by road Crust which is not suseptible to scour, but for conservative
approach only 0 % of Passive soil resistance is considered in design.

1.3.3 Check for Overturning (LWL) condition

Total restoring moment (only due to dead

= 1538.19 (Kn-m)/m
wt.)
Total overturning moment = 757.00 (Kn-m)/m

Factor of safety against overturning = 2.03 > 1.0

OK

Page 10 of 59
1.3.4 Check for Sliding (LWL) condition

(i) Lateral force causes sliding = 242.4 Kn

(ii) Resistive force against sliding

a) Passive force = 0.00 Kn

b) Base Friction = -255.87 Kn

Total Resistive Force = -255.87 Kn

Factor of safety against Sliding = 1.06 > 1.0

OK

1.3.5 Calculation of Base pressure (LWL) condition

Lever arm
Vertical Moment
Section Area No. about center Unit
load(Kn/m) (Kn-m)/m
of base slab
1 110.25 -0.55 -60.64
2 13.00 0.67 8.67
3 19.50 1.10 21.45
RCC Retaining Wall 4 7.50 -1.40 -10.50
5 11.25 -1.65 -18.56
6 12.25 -0.55 -6.74
7 327.60 1.10 360.36
Back Fill Earth 8 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 10.40 1.53 15.95
10 0.00 -1.65 0.00
Earth Fill (Passive Side)
11 0.00 -1.90 0.00

Total 511.75 309.99 (Kn-m)/m

Moment due to lateral force about center = 550.87 (kn-m)/m

Moment due to dead wt. about center = -309.99 (kn-m)/m
Net Longitudnal moment = 240.88 (kn-m)/m

Actual ecentricity of vertical force at base = 0.47 m

Allowable ecentricity of vertical force at = 0.80 m > 0.47m OK
base

Page 11 of 59
Base pressure at Toe end = 169.34 < 290.00 Kn/m2 OK
Base pressure at Heel end = 43.89 > 0.00 Kn/m2 OK

Heel Toe

2.60 1.50
2.40

43.89
169.34

111.84 130.14

Base pressure at junction of Stem with Toe slab = 130.14 Kn/m2

Base pressure at junction of Stem with Heel slab = 111.84 Kn/m2

Page 12 of 59
1.4 CHECK FOR STABALITY OF RETAINING WALL - NORMAL CASE (HFL)

1.4.1 Calculation of Forces & moments due to Dead Wt. & Vertical Forces

Distance of Vertical Moment

Section Area No. Load Factor Area (m2) C.G. from "O" Force about "O" Remarks
(m) (Kn/m) (Kn-m)/m
1 0.9 4.41 1.85 59.54 110.14
2 0.9 0.52 3.07 7.02 21.53
3 0.9 0.78 3.50 10.53 36.86
RCC Wall
4 0.9 0.30 1.00 4.05 4.05
5 0.9 0.45 0.75 6.07 4.56 For area no.
6 0.9 0.49 1.85 6.61 12.24 refer sketch
7 0.9 16.38 3.50 147.42 515.97 (showing
Back Fill 8 0.9 0.00 1.50 0.00 0.00 dimensions)
9 0.9 0.52 3.93 4.68 18.41
10 0.9 7.20 0.75 64.80 0.00
Passive Soil
11 0.9 0.30 0.50 3.00 0.00

Total 313.72 723.74 (Kn-m)/m

1.4.2 Calculation of moments due to Lateral Forces

Moment
Lateral Lever arm
Type of force Load Factor about "O" Unit
Force (KN) about O
(Kn-m)/m `
Minimum Pressure due to
Fluid as per Cl 710.1.3 of 1.5 50.4 3.50 176.40 (Kn-m)/m
IRC 78 : 2014
Active Earth pressure due
to back fill as per IRC 06 : 1.5 81.6 2.31 188.49 (Kn-m)/m
2016
Maximum of two values 81.6 188.49 (Kn-m)/m
Earth pressure due to live
load surcharge as per IRC 1.2 0.0 3.50 0.00 (Kn-m)/m
06 : 2016

Total 188.49 (Kn-m)/m

Passive Earth pressure as
0.9 0.00 1.83 0.00
per IRC 06 : 2016
Total 188.49 (Kn-m)/m

1.4.3 Check for Overturning (HFL) condition

Total restoring moment (only due to dead = 723.74 (KN-M)/m

wt.)
Total overturning
Factor of safety moment = 188.49 (KN-M)/m
against
overturning = 3.84 > 1.0
OK

Page 13 of 59
1.4.4 Check for Sliding (HFL) condition

(i) Lateral force causes sliding = 81.6 KN

(ii) Resistive force against sliding

a) Passive force = 0.00 KN

b) Base Friction = -156.86 KN

Total Resistive Force = -156.86 KN

Factor of safety against Sliding = 1.92 > 1.0

OK

1.4.5 Calculation of Base pressure (HFL) condition

Vertical
Moment (Kn-
Section Area No. load(Kn/m Lever arm Unit
m)/m
) about center
1 66.15 -0.55 -36.38
2 7.80 0.67 5.20
3 11.70 1.10 12.87
RCC Retaining Wall 4 4.50 -1.40 -6.30
5 6.75 -1.65 -11.14
6 7.35 -0.55 -4.04
7 163.80 1.10 180.18
Back Fill Earth 8 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 5.20 1.53 7.97
10 72.00 -1.65 -118.80
Earth Fill (Passive Side)
11 3.33 -1.90 -6.33

Total 348.58 23.23 (Kn-m)/m

Moment due to lateral force about center = 125.66 (kn-m)/m

Moment due to dead wt. about center = -23.23 (kn-m)/m
Net Longitudnal moment = 102.43 (kn-m)/m

Actual ecentricity of vertical force at base = 0.29 m

Allowable ecentricity of vertical force at = 0.80 m > 0.29m OK
base

Page 14 of 59
Base pressure at Toe end = 99.30 < 174.00 Kn/m2 OK
Base pressure at Heel end = 45.95 > 0.00 Kn/m2 OK

Heel Toe

2.6 1.5
3.3

45.95
99.30

74.84 82.62

Base pressure at junction of Stem with Toe slab = 82.62 kN/m2

Base pressure at junction of Stem with Heel slab = 74.84 kN/m2

Page 15 of 59
1.5 CALCULATION OF SEISMIC CO-EFFICIENT

As per IS 1893 : 2014 ,(Part-3) - Clause 9.4.1

Feq = Seismic Force to be resisted

Feq = Ah X ( Dead load + Live load )

Where
Ah = horizontal seismic co-efficient

For Design Based Earthquake

𝑍 𝐼/ 𝑆_
/2 𝑅 𝑎/
𝑔
Ah = X X

Seismic Zone V
Zone factor Z = 0.36
Importance Factor I = 1.20
Response Reduction factor = 1.00
(as per Table 3 of IS 1893 : 2014)

Sa / g = Average response acceleration co-efficient

= 1 (Note of clause 9.4.1)

Ah = 0.36 X 1.2 X 1 = 0.216

2 X 1

Av = Vertical Seismic Co-efficient ( Clause 22.1.1 )

= 2/3 of Ah = 0.144

Hence Horizontal and Vertical Seismic Co-efficicent for substructure

Ah = 0.216
Av = 0.144

Horizontal and Vertical Seismic Co-efficicent for foundation shall be 1.25 times the forces transmitted to it by
substructure

Ah = 0.270
Av = 0.180 ( Clause 219.8 )

1.5.1 Calculation of Dynamic increment in Active Earth pressure cofficient "

[1/ 〖 1+ {(𝑆𝑖𝑛 ( 𝜙+ 𝛿 ) 𝑆𝑖𝑛 ( 𝜙 − 𝛽 −

( 〖𝐶𝑜𝑠〗 ^2 (𝜙− 𝜆 − 𝛼 ) (1± 𝛼_𝑣))/(𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝜆))/(𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜆(〖𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝛼 − 𝛽〗)^(2
𝐶𝑜𝑠) (𝛿+
𝛼 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝛼+ ( 𝛿+ 𝛼+ 𝜆))
𝜆))} 〗 ^(1/2) ]^2
Ca = X

Page 16 of 59
Where

αh Horizontal seismic co-efficient = 0.216

αv vertical seismic co-efficient = 0.144
φ angle of internal friction = 35.00 degrees

𝛼_ℎ/(1±
tan -1 = 0.187
λ
𝛼_𝑣 )
= 0.248

β slope of earthfill = 0.00 degrees

δ angle of friction between wall and earthfill = 22.50 degrees
α angle which earth face of the wall makes with the vertic = 90 degrees

Ca = 0.389
Horiz. 0.343 Max. value of Ca is adopted.

Ca = 0.179
Vertical 0.155

Kah = 0.222
Kav = 0.102

Dynamic increment in active earth

pressure cofficient (Horizontal direction) 0.389 - 0.222 = 0.167
Cah

Dynamic increment in active earth 0.179 - 0.102 = 0.077

pressure cofficient (Vertical direction) C av

Page 17 of 59
1.6 CHECK FOR STABLITY OF RETAINING WALL- SEISMIC CASE

1.6.1 Calculation of Forces & moments due to Vertical Forces

Horizontal Seismic Co-efficient (Ah) = 0.216

Vertical Seismic Co-efficient (Av) = 0.144
Cofficient of active pressure (ka ) = 0.222

Dynamic Increment (horizontal direction) _ C ah = 0.167

Dynamic Increment (Vertical direction) _ Cav = 0.077

Seismic
Moment Horizontal
Horizontal Vertical Moment
Vertical about "O" seismic
Load Area Distance of Distance about "O"
Section Area No. Force due to Force
Factor (m2) C.G. from from"O" due to
(Kn/m) (Fv) Vertical (Kn/m) Fh=
"O" (m) (m) horizontal
force (Fv*Ah)
force
1 1.0 4.41 1.85 110.25 203.96 23.81 0.70 16.67
2 1.0 0.52 3.07 13.00 39.87 2.81 0.43 1.22
3 1.0 0.78 3.50 19.50 68.25 4.21 0.15 0.63
RCC Wall
4 1.0 0.30 1.00 7.50 7.50 1.62 0.43 0.70
5 1.0 0.45 0.75 11.25 8.44 2.43 0.15 0.36
6 1.0 0.49 1.85 12.25 22.66 2.65 0.35 0.93
7 1.0 16.38 3.50 327.60 1146.60 - - -
Back Fill 8 1.0 0.00 1.50 0.00 0.00 - - -
9 1.0 0.52 3.93 10.40 40.91 - - -
10 1.0 7.20 0.75 0.00 0.00 - - -
Passive Soil
11 1.0 0.30 0.50 0.00 0.00 - - -

Total 511.75 1538.19 37.53 20.51

Vertical Seismic Load

Seismic Load in Downward direction (Av * Fv + Cav * Fv soil) = 50.96 Kn/m

Seismic Load in Upward direction = -50.96 Kn/m

Moment Due to Vertical Down ward seismic Load about "O" = 141.63 Kn-m/m
Moment Due to Vertical Up ward seismic Load about "O" = -141.63 Kn-m/m

Total Vertical load downward seismic case = 562.71 Kn/m

Total Vertical load upward seismic case = 460.79 Kn/m

Page 18 of 59
1.6.2 Calculation of moments due to Lateral Forces

Lateral Lever arm

Type of force Load Factor Moment (Kn-m)/m Unit
Force (KN) about O

Active Earth pressure due

to back fill as per IRC 06 : 1.0 108.80 2.94 319.87
2016 _ (Static)
Dynamic Active Earth
Pressure as per Cl. 214.1.2 1.5 122.41 3.50 428.45
of IRC 06 : 2016

Earth pressure due to live

load surcharge as per IRC 0.2 0.00 3.50 0.00
06 : 2016 (Static)

Horizontal Seismic Force

due dead load of RCC 1.5 56.29 30.77
members

Total 779.08 (Kn-m)/m

Passive Earth pressure as
0.9 0.00 1.83 0.00
per IRC 06 : 2016

Total 779.08 (Kn-m)/m

Note: In Case of Dynamic increment the point of action for earth pressure due earth fill will be 0.5 * H & live load
surcharge will be 0.66 * H. Where "H" is the total Height of Retaining wall.

1.6.3 Check for Overturning (Seismic Condition)

a) Vertical Seismic in Downward direction

Total restoring moment (Due to dead wt. + Seismic) = 1580.68 (Kn-m)/m

(excluding passive force)

Total overturning moment = 626.01 (Kn-m)/m

Factor of safety against overturning = 2.53 > 1.00

OK

b) Vertical Seismic in Upward direction

Total restoring moment (Due to dead wt. + Seismic) = 1495.70 (Kn-m)/m

(excluding passive force)

Total overturning moment = 626.01 (Kn-m)/m

Factor of safety against overturning = 2.39 > 1.00

OK

Page 19 of 59
1.6.4 Check for Sliding (Seismic Condition)

a) Vertical Seismic in Downward direction

(i) Lateral force causes sliding = 227.9 Kn/m

(ii) Resistive force against sliding

a) Passive force = 0.00 Kn/m

b) Base Friction = -263.52 Kn/m

Total Resistive Force = -263.52 Kn/m

Factor of safety against Sliding = 1.16 > 1.00

OK

b) Vertical Seismic in Upward direction

(i) Lateral force causes sliding = 227.9 Kn/m

(ii) Resistive force against sliding

a) Passive force = 0.00 Kn/m

b) Base Friction = -248.23 Kn/m

Total Resistive Force = -248.23 Kn/m

Factor of safety against Sliding = 1.09 > 1.00

OK

1.6.5 Calculation of Base pressure (Downward Seismic Case)

Total Vertical load Lever arm Moment

Vertical
Section Area No. including vertical about (Kn-m)/m Unit
load(Kn/m)
Seismic (Kn/m) center about center
1 110.25 115.01 -0.55 -63.26
2 13.00 13.56 0.67 9.04
3 19.50 20.34 1.10 22.38
RCC Wall 4 -1.40 -10.95
7.50 7.82
5 11.25 11.74 -1.65 -19.36
6 12.25 12.78 -0.55 -7.03
7 327.60 335.14 1.10 368.66
Back Fill 8 0.00 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 10.40 10.64 1.53 16.31
10 0.00 0.00 -1.65 0.00
Passive Soil
11 0.00 0.00 -1.90 0.00

Total 511.75 527.04 315.78 (Kn-m)/m

Total 511.75 527.04 315.78 (Kn-m)/m

Page 20 of 59
 Moment due to lateral force about center = 626.01 (kn-m)/m
Net Longitudnal moment about center = 310.22 (kn-m)/m

Actual ecentricity of vertical force at base = 0.61 m

Allowable ecentricity of vertical force at base = 0.80 m > 0.61m OK

Base pressure at Toe end = 193.00 < 335.00 Kn/m2 OK

Base pressure at Heel end = 26.60 > 0.00 Kn/m2 OK

Heel Toe

2.6 1.5
2.4

26.60
193.00

116.73 141.00

Base pressure at junction of Stem with Toe slab = 141.00 kN/m2

Base pressure at junction of Stem with Heel slab = 116.73 kN/m2

1.6.6 Calculation of Base pressure (Upward Seismic Case)

Total Vertical load Lever arm Moment

Vertical
Section Area No. including vertical about (Kn-m)/m Unit
load(Kn/m)
Seismic (Kn/m) center about center

1 110.25 105.49 -0.55 -58.02

2 13.00 12.44 0.67 8.29
3 19.50 18.66 1.10 20.52
RCC Wall 4 -1.40 -10.05
7.50 7.18
5 11.25 10.76 -1.65 -17.76
6 12.25 11.72 -0.55 -6.45
7 327.60 320.06 1.10 352.06
Back Fill 8 0.00 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 10.40 10.16 1.53 15.58
10 0.00 0.00 -1.65 0.00
Passive Soil
11 0.00 0.00 -1.90 0.00

Total 511.75 496.46 304.19 (Kn-m)/m

Page 21 of 59
 Total 511.75 496.46 304.19 (Kn-m)/m

Moment due to lateral force about center = 626.01 (kn-m)/m

Net Longitudnal moment = 321.82 (kn-m)/m

Actual ecentricity of vertical force at base = 0.63 m

Allowable ecentricity of vertical force at base = 0.80 m > 0.63m OK

Base pressure at Toe end = 147.79 < 335.00 Kn/m2 OK

Base pressure at Heel end = 17.70 > 0.00 Kn/m2 OK

Heel Toe

2.6 1.5
2.4

17.70

147.79

88.16 107.13

Base pressure at junction of Stem with Toe slab = 107.13 kN/m2

Base pressure at junction of Stem with Heel slab = 88.16 kN/m2

Page 22 of 59
1.7 Load Calculation For Retaining Wall Foundation Design

1.7.1 Combination for design of Foundation ( ULS )

Forces and moment are calculated at foundation level

Following load combination are considered as per Table B-4 of IRC 06 : 2016

1) Normal Case 2) Seismic combination

a) Load Combination -1
b) Load Combination -2

1.7.2 Load Combination for Normal Case

a) Load Combination -1

Factored Factored
Vertical Lever arm Moment
Section Area No. Load Factor Unit
load about center about
(Kn/m) Center
1 1.50 165.37 -0.55 -136.43
2 1.50 19.50 0.67 13.00
3 1.50 29.25 1.10 32.18
RCC Wall
4 1.50 11.25 -1.40 -15.75
5 1.50 16.87 -1.65 -27.84
6 1.50 18.37 -0.55 -10.11
7 1.50 491.40 1.10 540.54
Back Fill 8 1.50 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 1.50 15.60 1.53 23.92
10 1.50 0.00 -1.65 0.00
Passive Soil
11 1.50 0.00 -1.90 0.00

Total 767.62 419.50 (Kn-m/m)

Calculation of moments due to Lateral Forces (Combination-1)

Factored Factored
Lateral Lever arm Moment
Type of force Load Factor Unit
Force about center about
(Kn/m) Center

Earth pressure due to back

1.50 244.8 2.9 719.7
fill as per IRC 06 : 2016

Earth pressure due to live

load surcharge as per IRC 1.20 95.0 3.5 332.6
06 : 2016

Total 1052.34 (Kn-m/m)

Passive Earth pressure as

0.90 0.00 1.83 0.0
per IRC 06 : 2016

Total 1052.34 (Kn-m/m)

Page 23 of 59
 Factored moment due to lateral force about center = 1052.34 (Kn-m)/m
Net Factored Longitudnal moment = 632.84 (Kn-m)/m
Ecentricity in longitudnal direction = 0.82 m

Factored base pressure at Toe end = 324.72 KN/m2

Factored base pressure at Heel end = -4.88 KN/m2

b) Load Combination -2

Factored Factored
Vertical Lever arm Moment
Section Area No. Load Factor Unit
load about center about
(Kn/m) Center
1 1.00 110.25 -0.55 -60.64
2 1.00 13.00 0.67 8.67
3 1.00 19.50 1.10 21.45
RCC Wall
4 1.00 7.50 -1.40 -10.50
5 1.00 11.25 -1.65 -18.56
6 1.00 12.25 -0.55 -6.74
7 1.00 327.60 1.10 360.36
Back Fill 8 1.00 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 1.00 10.40 1.53 15.95
10 1.00 0.00 -1.65 0.00
Passive Soil
11 1.00 0.00 -1.90 0.00

Total 511.75 309.99 (Kn-m/m)

Calculation of moments due to Lateral Forces (Combination-2)

Factored Factored
Lateral Lever arm Moment
Type of force Load Factor Unit
Force about center about
(Kn/m) Center

Earth pressure due to back

1.30 212.2 2.9 623.7
fill as per IRC 06 : 2016
Earth pressure due to live
load surcharge as per IRC 1.00 79.2 3.5 277.2
06 : 2016

Total 900.94 (Kn-m/m)

Passive Earth pressure as

0.85 0.00 1.83 0.0
per IRC 06 : 2016

Total 900.94 (Kn-m/m)

Page 24 of 59
 Factored moment due to lateral force about center = 900.94 (kn-m)/m
Net Factored Longitudnal moment = 590.96 (kn-m)/m
Ecentricity in longitudnal direction = 1.15 m

Factored base pressure at Toe end = 260.51 KN/m2

Factored base pressure at Heel end = -47.28 KN/m2

1.7.3 Load Combination for Seismic Case

Seismic load factor as per IRC : 6 = 1.50

Factored Horizontal seismic coefficient (A h) _ For foundation = 0.405
Factored Vertical seismic coefficient (A v) _ For foundation = 0.270

Dynamic Increment (horizontal direction) _ C ah = 0.167

Dynamic Increment (Vertical direction) _ C av = 0.077

Factored
Vertical Factored Lever arm
Moment
Section Area No. Load Factor load Vertical load about Unit
about
(Kn/m) (Fv) (Kn/m) center
Center
1 1.35 110.25 148.84 -0.55 -81.86
2 1.35 13.00 17.55 0.67 11.70
3 1.35 19.50 26.33 1.10 28.96
RCC Wall
4 1.35 7.50 10.13 -1.40 -14.17
5 1.35 11.25 15.19 -1.65 -25.06
6 1.35 12.25 16.54 -0.55 -9.10
7 1.35 327.60 442.26 1.10 486.49
Back Fill 8 1.35 0.00 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 1.35 10.40 14.04 1.53 21.53
10 1.35 0.00 0.00 -1.65 0.00
Passive Soil
11 1.35 0.00 0.00 -1.90 0.00

Total 511.75 690.86 418.48 (Kn-m)/m

Total 511.75 690.86 418.48 (Kn-m)/m

Factored Seismic Load in Downward direction (Av * Fv + Cav * Fv soil) = 72.85 Kn/m
Factored Seismic Load in Upward direction = -72.85 Kn/m

= 14.81 Kn-m/m
Factored Moment Due to Vertical downward seismic Load about center
Factored Moment Due to Vertical upward seismic Load about center = -14.81 Kn-m/m

Total Factored Vertical load downward seismic case = 763.71 Kn/m

Total Factored Vertical load upward seismic case = 618.01 Kn/m

Page 25 of 59
[Link] Calculation of moments due to Lateral Forces (Seismic Combination)

Factored Factored
Lateral Lever arm Moment
Type of force Load Factor Unit
Force about center about
(Kn/m) Center
Earth pressure due to back
fill as per IRC 06 : 2016 _ 1.00 108.8 2.9 319.87 (Kn-m/m)
(Static)
Dynamic Active Earth
Pressure as per Cl. 214.1.2 of 1.50 122.4 3.5 428.45 (Kn-m/m)
IRC 06 : 2016
Earth pressure due to live
load surcharge as per IRC 0.20 0.0 3.5 0.00 (Kn-m/m)
06 : 2016 (Static)
Horizontal Seismic Force
due dead load of RCC 1.50 70.4 38.46 (Kn-m/m)
members

Total 786.77 (Kn-m/m)

Passive Earth pressure as

1.00 0.00 1.83 0.00
per IRC 06 : 2016

Total 786.77 (Kn-m/m)

a) Vertical Seismic in Downward direction

Factored Moment due to lateral force about center = 786.77 (Kn-m)/m

Net factored Longitudnal moment = 771.96 (Kn-m)/m
Ecentricity in longitudnal direction = 1.01 m

Factored base pressure at Toe end = 360.14 Kn/m2

Factored base pressure at Heel end = -41.92 Kn/m2

b) Vertical Seismic in Upward direction

Factored Moment due to lateral force about center = 786.77 (Kn-m)/m

Net factored Longitudnal moment = 801.59 (Kn-m)/m
Ecentricity in longitudnal direction = 1.30 m

Factored base pressure at Toe end = 337.50 Kn/m2

Factored base pressure at Heel end = -79.99 Kn/m2

Page 26 of 59
1.7.4 Combination for design of Foundation ( SLS )

Forces and moment are calculated at foundation level

Following load combination are considered as per Table B-3 of IRC 06 : 2016

1) Rare Combination
2) Frequent Combination
3) Quasi-Permanent Combination

1.7.5 Rare Combination

Factored
Vertical
Lever arm Moment
Section Area No. Load Factor load Unit
about center about
(Kn/m)
Center
1 1.00 110.25 -0.55 -60.64
2 1.00 13.00 0.67 8.67
3 1.00 19.50 1.10 21.45
RCC Wall
4 1.00 7.50 -1.40 -10.50
5 1.00 11.25 -1.65 -18.56
6 1.00 12.25 -0.55 -6.74
7 1.00 327.60 1.10 360.36
Earth Fill 8 1.00 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 1.00 10.40 1.53 15.95
10 1.00 0.00 -1.65 0.00
Passive Soil
11 1.00 0.00 -1.90 0.00

Total 511.75 309.99 (Kn-m/m)

[Link] Calculation of moments due to Lateral Forces (Rare Combination)

Factored
Lateral Lever arm Moment
Type of force Load Factor Unit
Force (KN) about center about
Center

Earth pressure due to back

1.00 163.2 2.94 479.8 (Kn-m/m)
fill as per IRC 06 : 2016

Earth pressure due to live

load surcharge as per IRC 0.80 79.2 3.50 277.2 (Kn-m/m)
06 : 2016

Total 757.00 (Kn-m/m)

Passive Earth pressure as
1.00 0.00 1.83 0.0
per IRC 06 : 2016

Total 757.00 (Kn-m/m)

Page 27 of 59
 Moment due to lateral force about center = 757.00 (Kn-m)/m
Net Longitudnal moment = 447.02 (Kn-m)/m
Ecentricity in longitudnal direction = 0.87 m

Factored base pressure at Toe end = 223.02 Kn/m2

Factored base pressure at Heel end = -9.80 Kn/m2

1.7.6 Frequent Combination

Factored
Vertical
Lever arm Moment
Section Area No. Load Factor load Unit
about center about
(Kn/m)
Center
1 1.00 110.25 -0.55 -60.64
2 1.00 13.00 0.67 8.67
3 1.00 19.50 1.10 21.45
RCC Wall
4 1.00 7.50 -1.40 -10.50
5 1.00 11.25 -1.65 -18.56
6 1.00 12.25 -0.55 -6.74
7 1.00 327.60 1.10 360.36
Earth Fill 8 1.00 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 1.00 10.40 1.53 15.95
10 1.00 0.00 -1.65 0.00
Passive Soil
11 1.00 0.00 -1.90 0.00

Total 511.75 309.99 (Kn-m/m)

[Link] Calculation of moments due to Lateral Forces (Frequent Combination)

Factored
Lateral Lever arm Moment
Type of force Load Factor Unit
Force (KN) about center about
Center

Earth pressure due to back

1.00 163.2 2.9 479.8 (Kn-m/m)
fill as per IRC 06 : 2016

Earth pressure due to live

load surcharge as per IRC 0.80 79.2 3.5 221.8 (Kn-m/m)
06 : 2016

Total 701.56 (Kn-m/m)

Passive Earth pressure as
1.00 0.00 1.83 0.0
per IRC 06 : 2016

Total 701.56 (Kn-m/m)

Factored Moment due to lateral force about center = 701.56 (Kn-m)/m

Net factored Longitudnal moment = 391.58 (Kn-m)/m
Ecentricity in longitudnal direction = 0.77 m

Page 28 of 59
 Factored base pressure at Toe end = 208.59 Kn/m2
Factored base pressure at Heel end = 4.64 Kn/m2

1.7.7 Quasi-permanent combination

Factored
Vertical
Lever arm Moment
Section Area No. Load Factor load Unit
about center about
(Kn/m)
Center
1 1.00 110.25 -0.55 -60.64
2 1.00 13.00 0.67 8.67
3 1.00 19.50 1.10 21.45
RCC Wall
4 1.00 7.50 -1.40 -10.50
5 1.00 11.25 -1.65 -18.56
6 1.00 12.25 -0.55 -6.74
7 1.00 327.60 1.10 360.36
Earth Fill 8 1.00 0.00 -0.90 0.00
9 1.00 10.40 1.53 15.95
10 1.00 0.00 -1.65 0.00
Passive Soil
11 1.00 0.00 -1.90 0.00

Total 511.75 309.99 (Kn-m/m)

[Link] Calculation of moments due to Lateral Forces (Quasi-perma. combination)

Factored
Lateral Lever arm Moment
Type of force Load Factor Unit
Force (KN) about center about
Center

Earth pressure due to back

1.00 163.2 2.9 479.8 (Kn-m/m)
fill as per IRC 06 : 2016

Earth pressure due to live

load surcharge as per IRC 0.00 79.2 3.5 0.0 (Kn-m/m)
06 : 2016

Total 479.80 (Kn-m/m)

Passive Earth pressure as
0.00 0.00 1.83 0.0
per IRC 06 : 2016

Total 479.80 (Kn-m/m)

Factored Moment due to lateral force about center = 479.80 (Kn-m)/m

Net factored Longitudnal moment = 169.82 (Kn-m)/m
Ecentricity in longitudnal direction = 0.33 m

Factored base pressure at Toe end = 150.84 Kn/m2

Factored base pressure at Heel end = 62.39 Kn/m2

Page 29 of 59
1.8 DESIGN OF TOE SLAB

1.8.1 Verification of Structural Strength :

Maximum Factored base pressure (Combination-1) = 324.72 KN/m2 @ Toe end

Minimum Factored base pressure (Combination-1) = -4.88 KN/m2 @ Heel end

Maximum Factored base pressure (Seismic = 360.14 KN/m2 @ Toe end

Combination)
Minimum Factored base pressure (Seismic = -41.92 KN/m2 @ Heel end
Combination)

Sketch showing dimension of

foundation and base pressure
from foundation soil

Heel Toe

0.3 0.700 0.3

2.600 0.700 1.500

4.800

-4.88 Kn/m2
/ -41.92 Kn/m2 324.72 Kn/m2
/ 360.14 Kn/m2

1.8.2 Calculation of moment and shear force at critical sections of Toe slab for ULS combinations

Seismic
Description Combination-1 Unit
combination
Factored base Pressure at Junction of stem & Toe
221.72 234.49 Kn/m2
slab
Factored base Pressure at deff from junction of stem 264.09 286.18 Kn/m2
& Toe slab

Downward pressure due to water (if any) 0.00 0.00 Kn/m2

Downward pressure due to earth fill_(passive side) 0.00 0.00 Kn/m2
Downward pressure due to dead wt. of toe slab 18.75 18.75 Kn/m2

Resultant factored pressure at Junction of stem &

202.97 215.74 Kn/m2
Toe slab
Resultant factored pressure at toe end 305.97 341.39 Kn/m2
Resultant factored base pressure at deff from
245.34 267.43 Kn/m2
junction of stem & Toe slab

Factored Moment @ Junction of stem & Toe slab 305.60 336.95 Kn-m
Factored Shear force @ deff from Junction of stem
243.41 268.79 Kn
& Toe slab

Page 30 of 59
1.8.3 Verification of Structural Strength : Ultimate Limit State

Grade of Concrete _ (fck) = 35 N/mm2

Design Concrete compressive strength for ULS as per Cl. [Link], IRC : 112-2011

fcd = 15.63 N/mm2 For Combination - 1

fcd = 15.63 N/mm2 For Combination - 2
fcd = 15.63 N/mm 2
For Seismic Combination

Ec = 32000 Mpa As per Table A4.2 of (IRC 112-2011)

Grade of Reinforcement Steel _ (fy) = 500 N/mm2

Design Yeild strength of Untensioned Reinforcement as per clause 6.2.2, IRC : 112-2011

fyd = 434.8 N/mm2 For Combination - 1

fyd = 434.8 N/mm 2
For Combination - 2
fyd = 434.8 N/mm2 For Seismic Combination

As per Parabolic- Rectangular Stess block of = fcd *b*(3/7xu + 2/3*4/7xu)

concrete Compressive force in concrete _ (C u) 17/21*fcd*b*xu

Tensile force in Reinforcement steel _ (Tu) = fyd * Ast

Lever Arm = d - (0.416*xu)

Where, " d " is the effective depth and " xu " is the depth of neutral axis fom top of secton

Seismic
Description Combination -1 Unit
combination
Total factored Moment at Junction of stem & Toe
305.6 336.9 Kn-m
slab (Mu)
Width of section (b) 1000 1000 mm
Overall depth of section at Junction of stem & Toe
700.0 700.0 mm
slab (D)
Clear Cover as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 75 75.0 mm
Effective depth(d) 617.0 617.0 mm
xu from compression face 40.3 44.5 mm
fcd 15.6 15.6 N/mm2
fyd 434.8 434.8 N/mm2
Steel required as per Mu _ (A st) 1171.0 1294.9 mm2
Minimum steel required (0.13bd%) 802.1 802.1 mm2

Ast required 1171.0 1294.9 mm2

Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 10.0 10.0 mm
Spacing of Main bar 200.0 200.0 mm
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 16.0 16.0 mm
Spacing of Curtailed bar 200.0 200.0 mm

Ast provided 1398.0 1398.0 mm2

OK OK

Page 31 of 59
Pt (%) provided 0.200% 0.200%
Maximum Steel Limit as per Cl 16.5.1 of IRC 112 :
2.500% 2.500%
2011
OK OK

Distrubtion steel
Dia of Bar provided 10.0 10.0 mm
Spacing of bars 150.0 150.0 mm
Ast required (IRC : 112 , CL [Link]) 279.6 259.0 mm2
Ast provided 523.6 523.6 mm2
OK OK

Distrubtion steel After Curtailed Bar

Dia of Bar provided 10.0 10.0 mm
Spacing of bars 150.0 150.0 mm
Ast required (IRC : 112 , CL [Link]) 78.5 78.5 mm2
Ast provided 523.6 523.6 mm2
OK OK

Steel on other Face ( SP : 34 ,Cl. 8.5)

Dia of Bar provided 12.0 12.0 mm
Spacing of bar 200.0 200.0 mm
Asc required 349.5 349.5 mm2
Asc provided 565.5 565.5 mm2
OK OK

Seismic
Check for Shear _ Toe Slab Combination -1 Unit
combination

Factored shear force _ (Ved) @ deff from Junction

243.4 268.8 Kn
of stem & Toe slab
Depth of section at critical point 535.5 535.5 mm
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.2 of IRC :112-2010
K = 1+Sqrt(200/d) <= 2.0 1.6 1.6
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.3 of IRC :112-2010
vmin = 0.031 K3/2 fck1/2 0.375 0.375
cl. 10.3.1 of IRC :112-2011
p1 = Asl/(bw d) <= 0.02 0.003 0.003
OK OK
0.12* K *(80* p1* fck )0.33 0.373 0.373
Axial compressive force NEd (Kn) 0.0 0.0
σcp = NEd / Ac < 0.2 fcd 0.0 0.0
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.1 of IRC :112-2010
VRd.c= [0.12*K*(80*p1 *fck )0.33 + 0.15*σcp]*b*d 199.6 199.6 Kn
Provide shear Provide shear
reinforcement reinforcement

cl. 10.3.2(5) Eq. 10.6 of IRC :112-2010

v = 0.6 ( 1 - fck / 310) 0.532 0.532
cl. 10.3.2(5) Eq. 10.5 of IRC :112-2011
0.5* bw d *v *fcd 2567.0 2567.0
VED < 0.5* bw d *v *fcd OK OK
Actual shear stress 0.394 0.436 N/mm2
cl. 10.33.2 Eq. 10.7 of IRC :112-2011
VRds = αcw*bw*z*v1*fcd/(cotθ + tanθ)

Page 32 of 59
Equating VNS to VRds
αcw 1.0 1.0
θ =0.5*sin-1 (2*actual stress /αcw/v1/fcd) 21.8 21.8
Dia of links-1 8.0 8.0 mm
No. of links for shear reinforcement 5.0 5.0
Spacing along length of toe slab ( S) 150.0 150.0 mm
Area of shear R/F (Asw1) 251.3 251.3 mm2

Dia of links-2 8.0 8.0 mm

No. of links for shear reinforcement 0.0 0.0
Spacing along length of toe slab ( S) 150.0 150.0 mm
Area of shear R/F (Asw2) 0.0 0.0 mm2
Total area of shear reinforcement provided (A sw) 251.3 251.3 mm2
cl. 16.5.2(7) Eq. 16.6 of IRC :112-2011
[Link]= 0.75*d 462.8 462.8 mm
Ok Ok
cl. 16.5.2(9) Eq. 16.8 of IRC :112-2011
[Link]= 0.75*d <= 600mm 462.8 462.8 mm
Strans. Provided transverse to toe slab length 140.0 140.0 mm
Ok Ok
Z = 0.9*d 555.3 555.3 mm
Fywd 434.8 434.8 N/mm2
cl. [Link] Eq. 10.7 of IRC :112-2011
VRds = Asw * z * fywd / S 1011.4 1011.4 KN
OK OK
cl. [Link] Eq. 10.8 of IRC :112-2011
[Link] = αcw * bw * z * v1 * fcd 4620.6 4620.6 KN
Ok Ok
cl. [Link] Eq. 10.10 of IRC :112-2011
[Link] <= 0.5*αcw*v1*fcd*bw*S/ fywd 1435.4 1435.4 mm2
OK OK

Page 33 of 59
1.8.4 Verification of Serviceblity Limit State :

Maximum Factored base pressure (Rare = 223.02 KN/m2 @ Toe end

Combination)
Minimum Factored base pressure (Rare = -9.80 KN/m2 @ Heel end
Combination)

Maximum Factored base pressure (Quasi- = 150.84 KN/m2 @ Toe end

Permanent Combination)
Minimum Factored base pressure (Quasi- = 62.39 KN/m2 @ Heel end
Permanent Combination)

Sketch showing dimension of

foundation and base pressure
from foundation soil

Heel Toe

0.300 0.700
0.300
2.600 0.700 1.500
4.800
-9.80 Kn/m2
/ 62.39 Kn/m2 223.02 Kn/m2
/ 150.84 Kn/m2

1.8.5 Calculation of moment and shear force at critical sections of Toe slab for SLS combinations

Quasi-permanent
Description Rare Combination Unit
Combination

Factored base Pressure at Junction of stem & Toe 150.27 123.20 Kn/m2
slab
Factored base Pressure at deff from junction of stem 180.34 134.62 Kn/m2
& Toe slab

Downward pressure due to water (if any) 0.00 0.00 Kn/m2

Downward pressure due to earth fill_(passive side) 0.00 0.00 Kn/m2
Downward pressure due to dead wt. of toe slab 12.50 12.50 Kn/m2

Resultant factored pressure at Junction of stem &

137.77 110.70 Kn/m2
Toe slab
Resultant factored pressure at toe end 210.52 138.34 Kn/m2
Resultant factored base pressure at deff from
167.84 122.12 Kn/m2
junction of stem & Toe slab

Factored Moment @ Junction of stem & Toe slab 209.56 145.26 Kn-m
Factored Shear force @ deff from Junction of stem
166.48 114.60 Kn
& Toe slab

Page 34 of 59
1.8.6 Verification of Seviceblity Limit State :

Grade of Concrete _ (fck) = 35 N/mm2

Allowable compressive stress in concrete for SLS as per clause 12.2.1, IRC : 112-2011

fcd = 16.80 N/mm2 For Rare Combination

fcd = 16.80 N/mm2 For Frequent Combination
fcd = 12.60 N/mm2 For Quasi-perma. Combination

Ec = 32000 Mpa As per Table A4.2 of (IRC 112-2011)

Grade of Reinforcement Steel _ (fy) = 500.00 N/mm2

Allowable tensile stress in reinforcement as per clause 12.2.2, IRC : 112-2011

fyd = 400.00 N/mm2 For Rare Combination

fyd = 400.00 N/mm2 For Frequent Combination
fyd = 400.00 N/mm2 For Quasi-perma. Combination

Es = 2.00E+05 Mpa

Compressive force in concrete _ (Cu) = 0.5*fcd *b*xu

Tensile force in Reinforcement steel _ (Tu) = fyd * Ast

Lever Arm = d - (0.33*xu)

Where, " d " is the effective depth and " xu " is the depth of neutral axis fom top of secton

Rare Combination Frequent Combination Quasi-Permanent

xu lim/d 0.58 0.58 0.58
Rlim = Mu,lim/bd2 3.96 3.96 2.97

Quasi-Permanent
Description Rare Combination Unit
Combination

Total factored Moment at Junction of stem & Toe 209.56 145.26 Kn-m
slab (Mu)
Width of section (b) 1000.00 1000.00 mm
Overall depth of section at Junction of stem & Toe
700.00 700.00 mm
slab (D)
Clear Cover as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 75.00 75.00 mm
Effective depth(d) 620.00 620.00 mm
xu from compression face 41.15 37.97 mm
xu/d 0.07 0.06
xu lim/d 0.58 0.58
fcd 16.80 16.80 N/mm2
fyd 400.00 400.00 N/mm2
Rlim = Mu,lim/bd2 3.96 2.97
Mu, lim 1520.97 1140.73 Kn-m
OK OK
Steel required as per Mu _ (A st) 863.91 597.83 mm2

Page 35 of 59
Minimum steel required(0.13bd%) 806.00 806.00 mm2

Ast required 863.91 806.00 mm2

Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 10 10 mm
Spacing of Main bar 200.00 200.00 mm
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 16 16 mm
Spacing of Curtailed bar 200.00 200.00 mm
Ast provided 1398.01 1398.01 mm2
OK OK

Area of steel required in compression 349.50 349.50 mm2

Dia of Bar (main Compression) 12.00 12.00 mm
Spacing of Bar 200.00 200.00 mm
Asc Provided 565.49 565.49 mm2
OK OK

Quasi-Permanent
CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH AS PER _ IRC : 112-2011 Unit
Combination
Factored Moment at Junction of stem & Toe slab (M u) 145.26 Kn-m
Grade of Concrete _ (fck) 35.00 Mpa
Modulus of elascticity _ (Es) 200000.00 Mpa
(Ec,eff) _ as per Eq. A2-5 of IRC 112 : 2011 32308.25 Mpa
Modular Ration _ (αe) 6.19

Total Depth of Section _ (h) 700.00 mm

Effective Depth of Section _ (d) 620.00 mm
Depth of Neutral Axis (xu) from compression face 37.97 mm
Width of section _ (b) 1000.00 mm
Clear Cover _ (c) as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 50.00 mm

Area of Steel Provided _ (As) 1398.01 mm2

Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 10 mm
No. of Main Bar provided per meter width _ (n1) 5
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 16 mm
No. of Curtailed Bar provided per meter width _ (n 2) 5
Effective spacing between bars 100.00 mm
Øeq = (n1*Ø12 + n2*Ø22)/(n1*Ø1 + n2*Ø2) _ as per Eq. 12.9 14 mm

Cofficient for Bond properties of the Bonded Reinf. _ (K1) 0.80

Cofficient for distribution of strain _ (K2) 0.50
Factor dependent on the duration of the load _ (Kt) 0.50

(hc,eff) _ Lesser of ( 2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2 ) 200.00 mm

Ac,eff = hc,eff * b 200000 mm2
(ρp,eff = As/Ac,eff) _ as per Eq. 12.7 of IRC 112 : 2011 0.0070

( 3.4*c + 0.425*K1*K2*Øeq/ PP,eff ) as per Eq. 12.8

Sr, max = 510.48 mm
as Effective Spacing is less than 5(c+φ/2)

Page 36 of 59
Cracked Moment of Inertia (In steel units) _ (I) =
476542491.66 mm4
(1/3)*(Eceff*b*dc3/Es) + As*( d-dc )2
Stress in tension Reinforcement _ (σsc ) = (MED/Zs) 177.42 Mpa
(Fctm) _ as per Eq. A2-2 of IRC 112 : 2011 2.77 Mpa
(Fct,eff) _ Cl. 12.3.3 of IRC 112 : 2011 _ Max of (2.9) or (F ctm) 2.90 Mpa

(σsc - Kt*(fct,eff /PP,eff)*(1+ αe*PP,eff ))/

(ɛsm-ɛcm)_ Eq.12.6 is -0.00019
Es
maximum of =
or (0.6*σsc/Es) 0.00053
Actual Crack Width _ (Wk = Sr,max*(ɛsm-ɛcm)) _ Eq 12.5 0.27 mm
Allowable Crack width as per Table 12.1 of IRC 112 : 2011 0.30 mm
Hence OK

Page 37 of 59
1.9 DESIGN OF HEEL SLAB

1.9.1 Verification of Structural Strength :

Maximum Factored base pressure (Combination-1) = 324.72 KN/m2 @ Toe end

Minimum Factored base pressure (Combination-1) = -4.88 KN/m2 @ Heel end

Maximum Factored base pressure (Seismic = 360.14 KN/m2 @ Toe end

Combination)
Minimum Factored base pressure (Seismic = -41.92 KN/m2 @ Heel end
Combination)

Sketch showing dimension of

foundation and base pressure
from foundation soil

Heel Toe
0.700
0.300 0.300

2.600 0.700 1.500

4.800

-4.88 Kn/m2
-41.92 Kn/m2 324.72 Kn/m2
360.14 Kn/m2

1.9.2 Calculation of moment and shear force at critical sections of Heel slab for ULS combinations

Combination-1 Seismic combination Unit

Factored base Pressure at Junction of stem & Heel slab 173.66 175.86 Kn/m2

Factored base Pressure at deff from junction of stem & 131.42 124.35 Kn/m2
Heel slab

Downward pressure due to water (if any) 0.00 0.00 Kn/m2

Downward pressure due to earth fill_(Backfill side) 195.00 195.00 Kn/m2
Downward pressure due to dead wt. of heel slab 18.75 18.75 Kn/m2

Resultant factored pressure at Junction of stem & Heel

-40.09 -37.89 Kn/m2
slab
Resultant factored pressure at Heel slab end -218.63 -255.67 Kn/m2
Resultant factored base pressure at deff from junction of
-82.33 -89.40 Kn/m2
stem & Heel slab

Factored Moment @ Junction of stem & Heel slab 537.82 618.81 Kn-m
Factored Shear force @ Junction of stem & Heel slab 336.34 381.63 Kn

Page 38 of 59
1.9.3 Verification of Structural Strength : Ultimate Limit State

Grade of Concrete _ (fck) = 35 N/mm2

Design Concrete compressive strength for ULS as per Cl. [Link], IRC : 112-2011

fcd = 15.63 N/mm2 For Combination - 1

fcd = 15.63 N/mm 2
For Combination - 2
fcd = 15.63 N/mm2 For Seismic Combination

Ec = 31000 Mpa As per Table A4.2 of (IRC 112-2011)

Grade of Reinforcement Steel _ (fy) = 500 N/mm2

Design Yeild strength of Untensioned Reinforcement as per clause 6.2.2, IRC : 112-2011

fyd = 434.8 N/mm2 For Combination - 1

fyd = 434.8 N/mm2 For Combination - 2
fyd = 434.8 N/mm 2
For Seismic Combination

As per Parabolic- Rectangular Stess block of concrete = fcd *b*(3/7xu + 2/3*4/7xu)

Compressive force in concrete _ (Cu) 17/21*fcd*b*xu

Tensile force in Reinforcement steel _ (Tu) = fyd * Ast

Lever Arm = d - (0.416*xu)

Where, " d " is the effective depth and " xu " is the depth of neutral axis fom top of secton

Description Combination -1 Seismic combination Unit

Total factored Moment at Junction of stem & Heel slab 537.8 618.8
(Mu) Kn-m
Width of section (b) 1000 1000 mm
Overall depth of section at Junction of stem & Heel slab 700.0 700.0
(D) mm
Clear Cover as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 75 75.0 mm
Effective depth(d) 615.0 615.0 mm
xu from compression face 72.7 84.4 mm
fcd 15.6 15.6 N/mm2
fyd 434.8 434.8 N/mm2
Steel required as per Mu _ (A st) 2115.4 2454.3 mm2
Minimum steel required (0.13bd%) 799.5 799.5 mm2

Ast required 2115.4 2454.3 mm2

Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 16.0 16.0 mm
Spacing of Main bar 200.0 200.0 mm
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 20.0 20.0 mm
Spacing of Curtailed bar 200.0 200.0 mm

Page 39 of 59
Ast provided 2576.1 2576.1 mm2
OK OK
Pt(%) provided 0.368% 0.368%
Maximum Steel Limit as per Cl 16.5.1 of IRC 112 : 2011 2.500% 2.500%
OK OK

Distrubtion steel
Dia of Bar provided 10.0 10.0 mm
Spacing of bars 150.0 150.0 mm
Ast required (IRC : 112 , CL [Link]) 515.2 490.9 mm2
Ast provided 523.6 523.6 mm2
OK OK

Distrubtion steel After Curtailed Bar

Dia of Bar provided 12.0 12.0 mm
Spacing of bars 125.0 125.0 mm
Ast required (IRC : 112 , CL [Link]) 201.1 2.0 mm2
Ast provided 904.8 904.8 mm2
OK OK

Steel on other Face ( SP : 34 ,Cl. 8.5)

Dia of Bar provided 20.0 20.0 mm
Spacing of bar 125.0 125.0 mm
Asc required 644.0 901.6 mm2
Asc provided 2513.3 2513.3 mm2
OK OK

Check for Shear _ Heel Slab Combination -1 Seismic combination Unit

Factored shear force _ (Ved) @ Junction of stem & Heel 336.3 381.6 Kn
slab
Depth of section at critical point 700.0 700.0 mm
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.2 of IRC :112-2010
K = 1+Sqrt(200/d) <= 2.0 1.5 1.5
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.3 of IRC :112-2010
vmin = 0.031 K3/2 fck1/2 0.349 0.349
cl. 10.3.1 of IRC :112-2011
p1 = Asl/(bw d) <= 0.02 0.004 0.004
OK OK
0.12* K *(80* p1* fck )0.33 0.398 0.398
Axial compressive force NEd (KN) 0.0 0.0
σcp = NEd / Ac < 0.2 fcd 0.0 0.0
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.1 of IRC :112-2010
VRd.c= [0.12*K*(80*p1 *fck )0.33 + 0.15*σcp]*b*d 278.3 278.3 Kn

Provide shear Provide shear

reinforcement reinforcement

cl. 10.3.2(5) Eq. 10.6 of IRC :112-2010

v = 0.6 ( 1 - fck / 310) 0.532 0.532
cl. 10.3.2(5) Eq. 10.5 of IRC :112-2011
0.5* bw d *v *fcd 2558.7 2558.7
VED < 0.5* bw d *v *fcd OK OK
Actual shear stress 0.547 0.621 N/mm2
cl. 10.33.2 Eq. 10.7 of IRC :112-2011
VRds = αcw*bw*z*v1*fcd/(cotθ + tanθ)

Page 40 of 59
Equating VNS to VRds
αcw 1.0 1.0
θ =0.5*sin-1 (2*actual stress /αcw/v1/fcd) 21.8 21.8
Dia of Link - 1 8.0 8.0 mm
No. of links for shear reinforcement 5.0 5.0
Spacing along length of heel slab ( S) 150.0 150.0 mm
Area of shear R/F (Asw1) 251.3 251.3 mm2

Dia of Link - 2 8.0 8.0 mm

No. of links for shear reinforcement 0.0 0.0
Spacing along length of heel slab ( S) 150.0 150.0 mm
Area of shear R/F (Asw2) 0.0 0.0 mm2
Total area of shear reinforcement provided (A sw) 251.3 251.3 mm2
cl. 16.5.2(7) Eq. 16.6 of IRC :112-2011
[Link]= 0.75*d 461.3 461.3 mm
Ok Ok
cl. 16.5.2(9) Eq. 16.8 of IRC :112-2011
[Link]= 0.75*d <= 600mm 461.3 461.3 mm
Strans. Provided transverse to toe heel length 140.0 140.0 mm
Ok Ok
Z = 0.9*d 553.5 553.5 mm
Fywd 434.8 434.8 N/mm2
cl. [Link] Eq. 10.7 of IRC :112-2011
VRds = Asw * z * fywd / S 1008.1 1008.1 KN
OK OK
cl. [Link] Eq. 10.8 of IRC :112-2011
[Link] = αcw * bw * z * v1 * fcd 4605.7 4605.7 KN
Ok Ok
cl. [Link] Eq. 10.10 of IRC :112-2011
[Link] <= 0.5*αcw*v1*fcd*bw*S/ fywd 1435.4 1435.4 mm2
OK OK

Page 41 of 59
1.9.4 Verification of Serviceblity Limit State :

= 223.02 KN/m2 @ Toe end

Maximum Factored base pressure (Rare Combination)
= -9.80 KN/m2 @ Heel end
Minimum Factored base pressure (Rare Combination)

Maximum Factored base pressure (Quasi-Permanent = 150.84 KN/m2 @ Toe end

Combination)
Minimum Factored base pressure (Quasi-Permanent = 62.39 KN/m2 @ Heel end
Combination)

Sketch showing dimension of

foundation and base pressure
from foundation soil

Heel
Toe
0.300 0.700 0.300

2.600 0.700 1.500

4.800

-9.80 Kn/m2
/ 62.39 Kn/m2 223.02 Kn/m2
/ 150.84 Kn/m2

1.9.5 Calculation of moment and shear force at critical sections of Heel slab for SLS combinations

Quasi-permanent
Description Rare Combination Unit
Combination

Factored base Pressure at Junction of stem & Heel slab 116.32 110.30 Kn/m2

Factored base Pressure at deff from junction of stem & 86.39 98.93 Kn/m2
Heel slab

Page 42 of 59
 Downward pressure due to water (if any) 0.00 0.00 Kn/m2
Downward pressure due to earth fill_(Backfill side) 126.59 126.59 Kn/m2
Downward pressure due to dead wt. of heel slab 12.50 12.50 Kn/m2

Resultant factored pressure at Junction of stem & Heel -22.77 -28.79 Kn/m2
slab
Resultant factored pressure at Heel slab end -148.89 -76.70 Kn/m2
Resultant factored base pressure at deff from junction of
-52.70 -40.16 Kn/m2
stem & Heel slab

Factored Moment @ Junction of stem & Heel slab 361.15 205.26 Kn-m
Factored Shear force @ Junction of stem & Heel slab 223.16 137.13 Kn

1.9.6 Verification of Seviceblity Limit State :

Grade of Concrete _ (fck) = 35 N/mm2

Allowable compressive stress in concrete for SLS as per clause 12.2.1, IRC : 112-2011

fcd = 16.80 N/mm2 For Rare Combination

fcd = 16.80 N/mm2 For Frequent Combination
fcd = 12.60 N/mm2 For Quasi-perma. Combination

Ec = 32000 Mpa As per Table A4.2 of (IRC 112-2011)

Grade of Reinforcement Steel _ (fy) = 500.00 N/mm2

Allowable tensile stress in reinforcement as per clause 12.2.2, IRC : 112-2011

fyd = 400.00 N/mm2 For Rare Combination

fyd = 400.00 N/mm2 For Frequent Combination
fyd = 400.00 N/mm2 For Quasi-perma. Combination

Es = 2.00E+05 Mpa

Compressive force in concrete _ (Cu) = 0.5*fcd *b*xu

Tensile force in Reinforcement steel _ (Tu) = fyd * Ast

Lever Arm = d - (0.33*xu)

Where, " d " is the effective depth and " xu " is the depth of neutral axis fom top of secton

Rare Combination Frequent Combination Quasi-Permanent

xu lim/d 0.58 0.58 0.58
Rlim = Mu,lim/bd2 3.96 3.96 2.97

Page 43 of 59
 Quasi-Permanent
Description Rare Combination Unit
Combination

Total factored Moment at Junction of stem & Heel slab 361.15 205.26 Kn-m
(Mu)
Width of section (b) 1000.00 1000.00 mm
Overall depth of section at Junction of stem & Heel slab
700.00 700.00 mm
(D)
Clear Cover as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 75.00 75.00 mm
Effective depth(d) 617.00 617.00 mm
xu from compression face 72.52 54.41 mm
xu/d 0.12 0.09
xu lim/d 0.58 0.58
fcd 16.80 16.80 N/mm2
fyd 400.00 400.00 N/mm2
Rlim = Mu,lim/bd2 3.96 2.97
Mu, lim 1506.29 1129.72 Kn-m
OK OK
Steel required as per Mu _ (A st) 1522.37 856.62 mm2
Minimum steel required(0.13bd%) 802.10 802.10 mm2

Ast required 1522.37 856.62 mm2

Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 16.00 16.00 mm
Spacing of Main bar 200.00 200.00 mm
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 20.00 20.00 mm
Spacing of Curtailed bar 200.00 200.00 mm
Ast provided 2576.11 2576.11 mm2
OK OK

Area of steel required in compression 644.03 644.03 mm2

Dia of Bar (main Compression) 20.00 20.00 mm
Spacing of Bar 125.00 125.00 mm
Asc Provided 2513.27 2513.27 mm2
OK OK

Quasi-Permanent
CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH AS PER IRC : 112-2011 Unit
Combination
Factored Moment at Junction of stem & Heel slab (M u) 205.26 Kn-m
Grade of Concrete _ (fck) 35.00 Mpa
Modulus of elascticity _ (Es) 200000.00 Mpa
(Ec,eff) _ as per Eq. A2-5 of IRC 112 : 2011 32308.25 Mpa
Modular Ration _ (αe) 6.19

Total Depth of Section _ (h) 700.00 mm

Effective Depth of Section _ (d) 617.00 mm
Depth of Neutral Axis (xu) from compression face 54.41 mm
Width of section _ (b) 1000.00 mm
Clear Cover _ (c) as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 50.00 mm

Area of Steel Provided _ (As) 2576.11 mm2

Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 16 mm
No. of Main Bar provided per meter width _ (n1) 5
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 20 mm
No. of Curtailed Bar provided per meter width _ (n 2) 5

Page 44 of 59
Effective spacing between bars 100.00 mm
Øeq = (n1*Ø12 + n2*Ø22)/(n1*Ø1 + n2*Ø2) _ as per Eq. 12.9 18 mm

Cofficient for Bond properties of the Bonded Reinf. _ (K1) 0.80

Cofficient for distribution of strain _ (K2) 0.50
Factor dependent on the duration of the load _ (Kt) 0.50

(hc,eff) _ Lesser of ( 2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2 ) 207.50 mm

Ac,eff = hc,eff * b 207500 mm2
(ρp,eff = As/Ac,eff) _ as per Eq. 12.7 of IRC 112 : 2011 0.0124

( 3.4*c + 0.425*K1*K2*Øeq/ PP,eff ) as per Eq. 12.8

Sr, max = 416.48 mm
as Effective Spacing is less than 5(c+φ/2)

Cracked Moment of Inertia (In steel units) _ (I) =

824042095.85 mm4
(1/3)*(Eceff*b*dc3/Es) + As*( d-dc )2
Stress in tension Reinforcement _ (σsc ) = (MED/Zs) 140.14 Mpa
(Fctm) _ as per Eq. A2-2 of IRC 112 : 2011 2.77 Mpa
(Fct,eff) _ Cl. 12.3.3 of IRC 112 : 2011 _ Max of (2.9) or (F ctm) 2.90 Mpa

(σsc - Kt*(fct,eff /PP,eff)*(1+

(ɛsm-ɛcm)_ Eq.12.6 is maximum 0.00007
αe*PP,eff ))/ Es
of =
or (0.6*σsc/Es) 0.00042
Actual Crack Width _ (Wk = Sr,max*(ɛsm-ɛcm)) _ Eq 12.5 0.18 mm
Allowable Crack width as per Table 12.1 of IRC 112 : 2011 0.30 mm
Hence OK

Page 45 of 59
1.10 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL SHAFT

1.10.1 Dimension Details of Rtaining wall Shaft

Depth of Base of wall from top of earth fill = 6.30 m

Thickness of stem at top of wall = 0.70 m
Thickness of stem at base of wall = 0.70 m

1.10.2 Load Combination for design of shaft of retaining wall

Forces and moment are calculated at Junction of footing and wall stem
Following load combination are considered as per Table B-2 & B-3 of IRC 06 : 2016

1) Basic Combination _ (ULS) 3) Rare Combination _ (SLS)

2) Seismic combination _ (ULS) 4) Quasi Permanent Combination _ (SLS)

1) Basic Combination_ (ULS)

Calculation of Lateral Forces at junction of stem and foundation

Factored
Factored Lever arm
Moment
Load Lateral about
Type of force about Unit
Factor Force Bottom of
Bottom of
(Kn/m) Stem
Stem

Earth pressure due to back fill

1.50 132.19 2.65 349.78
as per IRC 06 : 2016
Earth pressure due to live load
surcharge as per IRC 06 : 1.20 0.00 3.15 0.00
2016

Total 349.78 (Kn-m)/m

Passive Earth pressure as per

0.00 0.00 1.60 0.00
IRC 06 : 2016

Total 349.78 (Kn-m)/m

Total Factored horizontal Force at stem bottom _ = 132.19 Kn

Basic Combination

Total Factored moment at stem bottom _ Basic = 349.78 Kn-m

Combination

Page 46 of 59
2) Seismic Combination (ULS)

Calculation of Lateral Forces (at shaft bottom)

Factored
Factored Lever arm
Moment
Load Lateral about
Type of force about Unit
Factor Force Bottom of
Bottom of
(Kn/m) Stem
Stem
Earth pressure due to back fill
1.00 88.1 2.6 233.18
as per IRC 06 : 2016 _ (Static)
Dynamic Active Earth
Pressure as per Cl. 214.1.2 of 1.50 99.2 3.2 312.34
IRC 06 : 2016
Earth pressure due to live load
surcharge as per IRC 06 : 0.20 0.0 3.2 0.00
2016 (Static)

Dynamic Earth pressure due

0.20 0.0 4.2 0.00
to live load surcharge

Horizontal Seismic Force due

1.50 35.7 25.00
dead load of RCC members

Total 570.53 (Kn-m)/m

Passive Earth pressure as per

0.00 0.00 1.60 0.00
IRC 06 : 2016

Total 570.53 (Kn-m)/m

Total Factored horizontal Force at stem bottom _ = 223.0 Kn

Seismic Combination

Total Factored moment at stem bottom _ Seismic = 570.53 Kn-m

Combination

3) Rare Combination (SLS)

Calculation of Lateral Forces (at shaft bottom)

Factored
Factored Lever arm
Moment
Load Lateral about
Type of force about Unit
Factor Force Bottom of
Bottom of
(Kn/m) Stem
Stem

Earth pressure due to back fill

1.00 88.1 2.65 233.2
as per IRC 06 : 2016
Earth pressure due to live load
surcharge as per IRC 06 : 1.00 0.0 3.15 0.0
2016

Total 233.18 (Kn-m)/m

Page 47 of 59
 Passive Earth pressure as per
0.00 0.00 1.60 0.0
IRC 06 : 2016

Total 233.18 (Kn-m)/m

Total Factored horizontal Force at stem bottom _ = 88.1 Kn

Rare Combination

Total Factored moment at stem bottom _ Rare = 233.18 Kn-m

Combination

4) Quasi Permanent Combination (SLS)

Calculation of Lateral Forces (at shaft bottom)

Factored
Factored Lever arm
Moment
Load Lateral about
Type of force about Unit
Factor Force Bottom of
Bottom of
(Kn/m) Stem
Stem
Earth pressure due to back fill
1.00 88.1 2.65 233.2
as per IRC 06 : 2016
Earth pressure due to live load
surcharge as per IRC 06 : 0.00 0.0 3.15 0.0
2016

Total 233.18 (Kn-m)/m

Passive Earth pressure as per

0.00 0.00 1.60 0.0
IRC 06 : 2016

Total 233.18 (Kn-m)/m

Total Factored horizontal Force at stem bottom _ = 88.1 Kn

Quasi Permanent Combination

Total Factored moment at stem bottom _ Quasi = 233.18 Kn-m

Permanent Combination

1.10.3 Summary of Forces and moment at bottom of shaft

Quasi-permanent
Basic Combinatiomn Seismic Combination Rare Combination
Combination

Factored Horizontal
132.19 223.00 88.13 88.13
force (Kn)

Total factored
349.78 570.53 233.18 233.18
moment (Kn-m)

Page 48 of 59
1.10.4 Verification of Structural Strength : Ultimate Limit State

Grade of Concrete _ (fck) = 35 N/mm2

Design Concrete compressive strength for ULS as per Cl. [Link], IRC : 112-2011

fcd = 15.63 N/mm2 For Basic Combination

fcd = 19.54 N/mm2 For Accidental Combination
fcd = 15.63 N/mm2 For Seismic Combination

Ec = 31000 Mpa As per Table A4.2 of (IRC 112-2011)

Grade of Reinforcement Steel _ (fy) = 500 N/mm2

Design Yeild strength of Untensioned Reinforcement as per clause 6.2.2, IRC : 112-2011

fyd = 434.8 N/mm2 For Basic Combination

fyd = 500.0 N/mm2 For Accidental Combination
fyd = 434.8 N/mm2 For Seismic Combination

As per Parabolic- Rectangular Stess block of = fcd *b*(3/7xu + 2/3*4/7xu)

concrete Compressive force in concrete _ (C u) 17/21*fcd*b*xu

Tensile force in Reinforcement steel _ (Tu) = fyd * Ast

Lever Arm = d - (0.416*xu)

Where, " d " is the effective depth and " xu " is the depth of neutral axis fom top of secton

1.10.5 Case 1 : Verification of Structural Strength : At Junction of Stem and footing

Seismic
Description Basic Combination Unit
Combination
Total factored Moment at Junction of stem & footing
349.78 570.53 Kn-m
(Mu)
Width of section (b) 1000 1000 mm
Overall depth of stem section at Junction of stem &
700.0 700 mm
footing (D)
Clear Cover as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 75 75 mm
Effective depth(d) 617.0 617 mm
xu from compression face 46.3 77.1 mm
fcd 15.6 15.6 N/mm2
fyd 434.8 434.8 N/mm2
Steel required as per Mu _ (A st) 1345.8 2243.4 mm2
Minimum steel required (0.13bd%) 1033.1 1033.1 mm2

Page 49 of 59
Ast required 1345.8 2243.4 mm2
Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 16.0 16.0 mm
Spacing of Main bar 200.0 200.0 mm
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 16.0 16.0 mm
Spacing of Curtailed bar 200.0 200.0 mm
Ast provided 2010.6 2010.6 mm2
OK FAIL
Pt(%) provided 0.287% 0.287%
Maximum Steel Limit as per Cl 16.5.1 of IRC 112 :
2.500% 2.500%
2011
OK OK

Distrubtion steel Earth face

Dia of Bar provided 10.0 10.0 mm
Spacing of bars 150.0 150.0 mm
Ast required (IRC : 112 , CL [Link]) 269.2 448.7 mm2
Ast provided 523.6 523.6 mm2
OK OK

Distrubtion steel Earth face After Curtailed Bar

Dia of Bar provided 10.0 10.0 mm
Spacing of bars 250.0 250.0 mm
Ast required (IRC : 112 , CL [Link]) 201.1 201.1 mm2
Ast provided 314.2 314.2 mm2
OK OK

Distrubtion steel Other face

Dia of Bar provided 10.0 10.0 mm
Spacing of bars 150.0 150.0 mm
Ast required (IRC : 112 , CL [Link]) 402.1 402.1 mm2
Ast provided 523.6 523.6 mm2
OK OK

Steel on other Face

Dia of Bar provided 16.0 16.0 mm
Spacing of bar 200.0 200.0 mm
Asc required 502.7 502.7 mm2
Asc provided 1005.3 1005.3 mm2

OK OK

Seismic
Check for Shear @ Bottom of Stem Basic combination Unit
Combination

Factored shear force _ (Ved) @ Junction of stem &

132.2 223.0 Kn
footing
Depth of section at critical point 535.5 535.5 mm
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.2 of IRC :112-2010
K = 1+Sqrt(200/d) <= 2.0 1.6 1.6
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.3 of IRC :112-2010
vmin = 0.031 K3/2 fck1/2 0.375 0.375
cl. 10.3.1 of IRC :112-2011
p1 = Asl/(bw d) <= 0.02 0.004 0.004
OK OK
0.12* K *(80* p1* fck )0.33 0.420 0.420
Axial compressive force NEd (KN) 0.0 0.0
σcp = NEd / Ac < 0.2 fcd 0.0 0.0
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.1 of IRC :112-2010
VRd.c= [0.12*K*(80*p1 *fck )0.33 + 0.15*σcp]*b*d 225.0 225.0 Kn

Page 50 of 59
 No shear
No shear reinforcement
reinforcement
required
required

Page 51 of 59
1.10.6 Case 2 : Verification of Structural Strength : At section B-B of Retaining wall Stem

Depth of section B-B of stem from top of earth fill = 3.15 m

Thickness of stem at base of section B-B = 0.70 m
Thickness of stem at top = 0.70 m

Total horizontal force due to Earth pressure and LL = 22.03 KN

Surcharge

Moment due to horizontal force = 29.15 KN-m

Factored moment at base of section B-B = 43.72 KN-m

Horizontal force due to Seismic dynamic Increment = 16.53 KN

or retained earth & LL Surcharge
Moment due to Seismic dynamic Increment = 21.86 KN-m

Factored moment due to dynamic increment at base = 32.80 KN-m

of section B-B

Seismic
At Section B-B of Retaining Wall Basic combination Unit
Combination
Total factored Moment at section B-B of wall stem
43.7 76.5 Kn-m
(Mu)
Width of section (b) 1000 1000 mm
Overall depth of section at section B-B of wall stem 700 700 mm
(D1)
Clear Cover as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 75 75.0 mm
Effective depth(d) 617.0 617.0 mm
xu from compression face 5.6 7.9 mm
fcd 15.6 19.5 N/mm2
fyd 434.8 500.0 N/mm2
Steel required as per Mu _ (A st) 163.6 249.4 mm2
Minimum steel required(0.13bd%) 802.1 802.1 mm2

Ast required 802.1 802.1 mm2

Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 16.0 16.0 mm
Spacing of Main bar 200.0 200.0 mm
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 0.0 0.0 mm
Spacing of Curtailed bar 200.0 200.0 mm

Ast provided 1005.3 1005.3 mm2

OK OK
Pt(%) provided 0.144% 0.144%
Maximum Steel Limit as per Cl 16.5.1 of IRC 112 :
2.500% 2.500%
2011
OK OK

Distrubtion steel
Dia of Bar provided 10.0 10.0 mm
Spacing of bars 150.0 150.0 mm
Ast required (IRC : 112 , CL [Link]) 201.1 201.1 mm2
Ast provided 523.6 523.6 mm2

Page 52 of 59
 OK OK

Steel on other Face ( SP : 34 ,Cl. 8.5)

Dia of Bar provided 16.0 16.0 mm
Spacing of bar 200.0 200.0 mm
Asc required 351.9 351.9 mm2
Asc provided 1005.3 1005.3 mm2
OK OK

Seismic
Check for Shear @ Section B-B Basic combination Unit
Combination

Factored shear force _ (Ved) @ section B-B of wall

33.0 57.8 Kn
stem
Depth of section at critical point 617.0 617.0 mm
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.2 of IRC :112-2010
K = 1+Sqrt(200/d) <= 2.0 1.6 1.6
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.3 of IRC :112-2010
vmin = 0.031 K3/2 fck1/2 0.361 0.361
cl. 10.3.1 of IRC :112-2011
p1 = Asl/(bw d) <= 0.02 0.002 0.002
OK OK
0.12* K *(80* p1* fck )0.33 0.311 0.311
Axial compressive force NEd (KN) 0.0 0.0
σcp = NEd / Ac < 0.2 fcd 0.0 0.0
cl. 10.3.2(2) Eq. 10.1 of IRC :112-2010
VRd.c= [0.12*K*(80*p1 *fck )0.33 + 0.15*σcp]*b*d 191.7 191.7 Kn
No shear
No shear reinforcement
reinforcement
required
required

Page 53 of 59
1.10.7 Verification of Seviceblity Limit State :

Grade of Concrete _ (fck) = 35 N/mm2

Allowable compressive stress in concrete for SLS as per clause 12.2.1, IRC : 112-2011

fcd = 16.80 N/mm2 For Rare Combination

fcd = 16.80 N/mm2 For Frequent Combination
fcd = 12.60 N/mm2 For Quasi-perma. Combination

Ec = 32000 Mpa As per Table A4.2 of (IRC 112-2011)

Grade of Reinforcement Steel _ (fy) = 500.00 N/mm2

Allowable tensile stress in reinforcement as per clause 12.2.2, IRC : 112-2011

fyd = 400.00 N/mm2 For Rare Combination

fyd = 400.00 N/mm2 For Frequent Combination
fyd = 400.00 N/mm2 For Quasi-perma. Combination

Es = 2.00E+05 Mpa

Compressive force in concrete _ (Cu) = 0.5*fcd *b*xu

Tensile force in Reinforcement steel _ (Tu) = fyd * Ast

Lever Arm = d - (0.33*xu)

Where, " d " is the effective depth and " xu " is the depth of neutral axis fom top of secton

Rare Combination Frequent Combination Quasi-Permanent

xu lim/d 0.58 0.58 0.58
Rlim = Mu,lim/bd2 3.96 3.96 2.97

Quasi-Permanent
Description Rare Combination Unit
Combination

Total factored Moment at Junction of stem & footing

233.18 233.18 Kn-m
(Mu)
Width of section (b) 1000.00 1000.00 mm
Overall depth of stem section at Junction of stem &
700.00 700.00 mm
footing (D)
Clear Cover as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 75.00 75.00 mm
Effective depth(d) 617.00 617.00 mm
xu from compression face 46.14 62.07 mm
xu/d 0.07 0.10
xu lim/d 0.58 0.58
fcd 16.80 16.80 N/mm2
fyd 400.00 400.00 N/mm2
Rlim = Mu,lim/bd2 3.96 2.97
Mu, lim 1506.29 1129.72 Kn-m
OK OK

Page 54 of 59
Steel required as per Mu _ (A st) 968.73 977.27 mm2
Minimum steel required(0.13bd%) 802.10 802.10 mm2

Ast required 968.73 977.27 mm2

Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 16.00 16.00 mm
Spacing of Main bar 200.00 200.00 mm
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 16.00 16.00 mm
Spacing of Curtailed bar 200.00 200.00 mm
Ast provided 2010.62 2010.62 mm2
OK OK

Area of steel required in compression 502.65 502.65 mm2

Dia of Bar (main Compression) 16.00 16.00 mm
Spacing of Bar 200.00 200.00 mm
Asc Provided 1005.31 1005.31 mm2
OK OK

CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH AS PER IRC : 112-2011 Quasi-Permanent Combination Unit

Factored Moment at Junction of stem & Footing (M u) 233.18 Kn-m

Grade of Concrete _ (fck) 35.00 Mpa
Modulus of elascticity _ (Es) 200000.00 Mpa
(Ec,eff) _ as per Eq. A2-5 of IRC 112 : 2011 32308.25 Mpa
Modular Ration _ (αe) 6.19

Total Depth of Section _ (h) 700.00 mm

Effective Depth of Section _ (d) 617.00 mm
Depth of Neutral Axis (xu) from compression face 62.07 mm
Width of section _ (b) 1000.00 mm
Clear Cover _ (c) as per Table 14.2 of IRC 112 : 2011 50.00 mm

Area of Steel Provided _ (As) 2010.62 mm2

Dia of Main Bar provided _ (φ1) 16 mm
No. of Main Bar provided per meter width _ (n1) 5
Dia of Curtailed Bar provided _ (φ2) 16 mm
No. of Curtailed Bar provided per meter width _ (n 2) 5
Effective spacing between bars 100.00 mm
Øeq = (n1*Ø12 + n2*Ø22)/(n1*Ø1 + n2*Ø2) _ as per Eq. 12.9 16 mm

Cofficient for Bond properties of the Bonded Reinf. _ (K1) 0.80

Cofficient for distribution of strain _ (K2) 0.50
Factor dependent on the duration of the load _ (Kt) 0.50

(hc,eff) _ Lesser of ( 2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2 ) 207.50 mm

Ac,eff = hc,eff * b 207500 mm2
(ρp,eff = As/Ac,eff) _ as per Eq. 12.7 of IRC 112 : 2011 0.0097

( 3.4*c + 0.425*K1*K2*Øeq/ PP,eff ) as per Eq. 12.8

Sr, max = 450.71 mm
as Effective Spacing is less than 5(c+φ/2)

Cracked Moment of Inertia (In steel units) _ (I) =

632040825.28 mm4
(1/3)*(Eceff*b*dc3/Es) + As*( d-dc )2
Stress in tension Reinforcement _ (σsc ) = (MED/Zs) 204.73 Mpa
(Fctm) _ as per Eq. A2-2 of IRC 112 : 2011 2.77 Mpa
(Fct,eff) _ Cl. 12.3.3 of IRC 112 : 2011 _ Max of (2.9) or (F ctm) 2.90 Mpa

Page 55 of 59
 (σsc - Kt*(fct,eff /PP,eff)*(1+
(ɛsm-ɛcm)_ Eq.12.6 is maximum 0.00023
αe*PP,eff ))/ Es
of =
or (0.6*σsc/Es) 0.00061
Actual Crack Width _ (Wk = Sr,max*(ɛsm-ɛcm)) _ Eq 12.5 0.28 mm
Allowable Crack width as per Table 12.1 of IRC 112 : 2011 0.30 mm
Hence OK

Page 56 of 59
 Summary of Reinforcement Provided in ( T-type ) RCC Retaining Wall of Total Height
1.11
- 1.5 m above G.L. - (Type - II)

Bar No. Section Dia of Bar Spacing / No. Shape

1 10 @ 200 C/C
Footing @ Toe Slab Main
& Curtailed Bar
2 16 @ 200 C/C

3 16 @ 200 C/C
Footing @ Heel Slab
Main & Curtailed Bar
4 20 @ 200 C/C

5 10 @ 150 C/C

5a 10 @ 150 C/C
Footing @ Distribution
Steel _ Top & Bottom
6 10 @ 150 C/C

6a 12 @ 125 C/C

7 16 @ 200 C/C
Shaft @ Curtailed Bar &
Main bar _ Earth Face
8 16 @ 200 C/C

Shaft @ Main bar _ Other

9 16 @ 200 C/C
Face

10 10 @ 150 C/C

Shaft @ Distribution Bar

10a _ Earth Face and Other 10 @ 250 C/C
Face

11 10 @ 150 C/C

Links @ Stem
12 Not Used @ 150 C/C
(if any)

Links @ Footing
13 8 @ 75 C/C
(if any)

Page 57 of 59
1.12 Stress Summary For T-Type RCC Retaining Wall of Total Height 1.5 m above G.L. - (Type - II)

a) Check for Stabality Criteria

Check for Overturtning

Actual F.O.S. Minimum F.O.S. Check
LWL Case 2.03 > 1.00 O.K.
HFL Case 3.84 > 1.00 O.K.
Seismic Case 2.39 > 1.00 O.K.

Check for Sliding

Actual F.O.S. Minimum F.O.S. Check
LWL Case 1.06 > 1.00 O.K.
HFL Case 1.92 > 1.00 O.K.
Seismic Case 1.16 > 1.00 O.K.

Check for Base Pressure

Actual Base Allowable Base
Check
Pressure Pressure
Kn/m2 Kn/m2
(Max) 169.34 < 290.0 O.K.
LWL Case
(Min) 43.89 > 0.0 O.K.

(Max) 99.30 < 174.0 O.K.

HFL Case
(Min) 45.95 > 0.0 O.K.

(Max) 193.00 < 335.0 O.K.

Seismic Case
(Min) 17.70 > 0.0 O.K.

b) Strength Criteria (ULS ) Basic/Seismic Condition as Per IRC 06 : 2017

Min. Reinf. Reinf. Required as Reinforcement

Check For Bending (ULS) Check
Required per Mu Provided
mm2 mm2 mm2
Toe Slab 802.10 1294.90 1398.01 O.K.
Heel Slab 799.50 2454.31 2576.11 O.K.
Stem @ base 1033.10 2243.41 2010.62 CHECK
Stem @ Curtailment point 802.10 249.36 1005.31 O.K.

Actual Shear Allowable Shear

Check For Shear (ULS) Check
Force Force
Kn Kn
Toe Slab 268.79 < 1011.39 O.K.
Heel Slab 381.63 < 1008.11 O.K.
Stem @ base 223.00 < 225.02 O.K.
Stem @ Curtailment point 57.84 < 191.74 O.K.
c) Strength Criteria (SLS ) Rare/Quasi-permanent Condition as per IRC 06 : 2017

Min. Reinf. Reinf. Required as Reinforcement

Check For Bending (SLS) Check
Required per Mu Provided
mm2 mm2 mm2
Toe Slab 802.10 863.91 1398.01 O.K.
Heel Slab 799.50 1522.37 2576.11 O.K.
Stem @ base 1033.10 977.27 2010.62 O.K.

Actual Crack Allowable Crack

Check For Crackwidth (SLS) Check
Width width
mm mm
Toe Slab 0.27 < 0.30 O.K.
Heel Slab 0.18 < 0.30 O.K.
Stem @ base 0.28 < 0.30 O.K.