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Understanding Circulatory & Respiratory Systems

The document explains the process of breathing and how air travels through the respiratory system to the heart and bloodstream, where oxygen is utilized by cells and carbon dioxide is expelled. It describes the structure and function of the heart, including its chambers and the importance of heart rate. Additionally, it highlights the harmful effects of cigarette smoking on the respiratory and circulatory systems and emphasizes the importance of a healthy lifestyle for disease prevention.

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4 views1 page

Understanding Circulatory & Respiratory Systems

The document explains the process of breathing and how air travels through the respiratory system to the heart and bloodstream, where oxygen is utilized by cells and carbon dioxide is expelled. It describes the structure and function of the heart, including its chambers and the importance of heart rate. Additionally, it highlights the harmful effects of cigarette smoking on the respiratory and circulatory systems and emphasizes the importance of a healthy lifestyle for disease prevention.

Uploaded by

9b7mqrqscn
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Science 9

Summary
• Air enters the body through the nose, nasal passages, and then through windpipe or
trachea, which divides into two branches, called bronchial tubes or bronchi. The bronchi
subdivide many times inside the lungs, forming hairlike tubes called bronchioles. At the end
of the bronchioles are tiny bubble-like structures called alveoli.
When you breathe in or inhale, the diaphragm muscle contracts. When you breathe out, or
exhale, the diaphragm muscle relaxes. The diaphragm helps the air go in and out of the
lungs.
• Air rst enters your lungs and then into the left part of your heart. It is then pumped by your
heart into the bloodstream, all the way through your body.
Once it reaches the cells, oxygen processes the nutrients to release energy.
Carbon dioxide is the waste material given o during this process. The blood delivers carbon
dioxide into the right portion of your heart, from which it is pumped to the lungs. Carbon
dioxide leaves your body through the lungs when you exhale.
• The heart is a hollow muscular organ, about the size of your st, which is located in the
center of your chest between the lungs. It is a double pump that pumps on the left and right
sides. Each side is divided across into two chambers. The top chamber is called the atrium.
The bottom chamber is called the ventricle. The valve acts as one-way door, allowing blood
to ow either forward into the next chamber, or out of the heart.
Heart rate or pulse is the number of times your heart beats in a minute (BPM or beats per
minute). When you are resting, your heart rate slows down, as your body does not need as
much oxygen as it does when you exercise.
• Cigarette smoking harms nearly every organ in the body, causing many illnesses and
a ecting health in general. The negative e ects of smoking on the circulatory system include
increased heart rate and blood pressure, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, and
vascular diseases. The respiratory diseases caused by smoking are chronic bronchitis,
emphysema, asthma, cough, colds, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and other respiratory
infections.
• The best way to prevent diseases in the respiratory and circulatory systems is to have a
healthy lifestyle, which includes balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate rest, proper
hygiene, and avoiding vices such as cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. Circulatory and
respiratory disease can easily be detected with regular health check-up and physical
screening.
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