Chapter 10: Multimedia and the Web

TRUE/FALSE

1. Multimedia refers to any type of application or presentation that involves more than one type of media,
such as text, graphics, video, animation, and sound.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 395

2. Multimedia has the advantage of presenting material in multiple learning styles.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 398

3. A low degree of contrast between the text color and the Web page’s background color results in the
most readable text.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 400

4. Sans serif typefaces, such as Arial, do not have serifs and are frequently used for titles, headings, Web
page banners, and other text elements that usually are displayed larger than body text or that otherwise
need a more distinctive appearance.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 400

5. Many Web-based animations require a Java applet (a free small program that adds additional
capabilities to your browser) to be viewed.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 404

6. GIF images can be interlaced, which means that the image is displayed initially at low resolution, and
its quality is progressively increased until it is displayed at full quality.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 402

7. The BMP format uses lossless compression, similar to GIF, but it sometimes compresses more
efficiently than GIF format for many nonphotographic images, which results in slightly smaller file
sizes.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 402

8. To add simple animation to a Web page, Java applets and animated GIFs are frequently used.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 404

9. Different browsers and screen resolutions allow different amounts of room to display Web page
content.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 409

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
10. To ensure that your content is visible, keep banner images, image maps, and other full-width items to
500 pixels or less.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 409

11. After the objectives, intended audience, and basic content to be included in a Web site have been
determined, the structure and layout of the site can be designed.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 410

12. Typically, four page layouts are created for Web sites.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 410

13. Usually, adding a text name to an image is not recommended.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 411

14. After drawing a preliminary flowchart of a site or application, you should take a look at the balance of
the flowchart.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 411

15. One feature that makes a Web page accessible to a broader audience includes meaningful text-based
hyperlinks—such as Click Here instead of How to Contact Us.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 413

16. The HTML tag <b> turns bolding on for the text that follows the tag until the </b> tag is reached.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 415

17. XML focuses on identifying the format of data—not the data itself.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 416

18. You can self-close an open tag in XHTML by including a space and the forward slash in the opening
tag (such as <p />).

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 417

19. AJAX applications require more bandwidth than conventional Web applications.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 419

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 20. The Web site shown in the accompanying figure can be used to validate XHTML Web pages and is
run by [Link]

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 423

MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE

1. Browser-based multimedia refers to Web sites containing more than one type of media—typically
sound, video, or animation, in addition to text and images. _________________________

ANS: F, Web-based

PTS: 1 REF: 395

2. An emerging VR possibility for mobile users is double VR, which involves overlaying computer
generated images on top of real-time images. _________________________

ANS: F, augmented

PTS: 1 REF: 397

3. Common multimedia elements included in online games are background music, sound effects, images,
animated effects, narration, talking characters, and video clips. _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 398

4. 3D virtual clubs are online worlds where individuals can go to mingle with others.
_________________________

ANS: F, 3D virtual worlds

PTS: 1 REF: 398

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 5. The accompanying figure shows sans serif typefaces. _________________________

ANS: F, serif

PTS: 1 REF: 400

6. The BMP format is commonly used with scanned images. _________________________

ANS: F, TIF

PTS: 1 REF: 401

7. The GIF format uses lossless file compression, so the quality of the image is not decreased when it is
saved in the GIF format. _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 402

8. Audio files can be very large, so compression methods—such as the MP3 format—are frequently used
to reduce their file size. _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 404

9. Similar to audio files, compressing video is frequently used on Web pages to speed up delivery.
_________________________

ANS: F, streaming video

PTS: 1 REF: 406

10. Although broadband Internet use is becoming the norm, there are still individuals using dial-up
Internet connections. _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 409

11. A(n) flowchart is an ordered series of sketches depicting each page or screen in an animation
sequence. _________________________

ANS: F, storyboard

PTS: 1 REF: 411

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 12. Users should be able to get to most pages on a Web site within three mouse clicks.
_________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 411

13. The original markup language designed for creating Web pages is HTML (Hypertext Markup
Language). _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 415

14. XHTML is case-sensitive. _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 416

15. One useful Web development tool is the ability to create a Web archive in order to transmit an entire
Web site at one time, such as via e-mail. Today, this is usually accomplished with XHMTL.
_________________________

ANS: F, MHMTL

PTS: 1 REF: 420

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Today’s fast computers and ____ Internet connections make Web-based multimedia very feasible.
a. dial-up c. microwave
b. broadband d. ISDN
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 395

2. Some e-commerce Web sites utilize ____ to display environments or show what products (such as a
car or a home) look like in the real world.
a. shopping carts c. virtual reality
b. stock information d. status notification
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 397

3. Some people are ____ who learn best by doing.

a. auditory learners c. manual learners
b. visual learners d. kinesthetic learners
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 398

4. ____ is/are frequently added to buttons, logos, banners, and other Web page graphics.
a. Text c. Passwords
b. Content d. Code
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 400

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 5. ____ tend to be more readable for large quantities of text, and so they are traditionally used for this
purpose.
a. Serif typefaces c. Sans serif typefaces
b. Arial typefaces d. Dom Casual typefaces
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 400

6. ____ consists of predrawn electronic images.

a. ASCII art c. Graphics art
b. Clip art d. Drawing art
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 400

7. Images created using Windows Paint and similar painting programs are usually saved in the ____
format.
a. GIF c. JPEG
b. BMP d. TIFF
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 401

8. Images are available in many formats, such as TIF, BMP, GIF, JPEG, and ____.
a. AVI c. PNG
b. MP3 d. MPEG
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 401

9. The ____ format is a standard format for Web page images and is used most often with logos, banners,
and other nonphotographic images.
a. TIF c. MPEG
b. BMP d. GIF
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 402

10. GIF images are always rectangular, but can use a(n) ____ background color to make the images appear
to be nonrectangular.
a. neutral c. all color
b. generic d. transparent
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 402

11. The ____ format is a format specifically created for Web page images.
a. TIF c. PNG
b. BMP d. PPT
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 402

12. For Web pages, the ____ or PNG format is usually selected for line art, such as clip art, logos,
navigation buttons, and so forth.
a. TIF c. MP3
b. GIF d. BMP
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 403
© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
13. When a Web page requires a very large image (such as to better show a product, home for sale, or
featured piece of art, for instance), a(n) ____ can be used to save loading time.
a. thumbnail image c. icon image
b. button image d. sample image
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 403

14. A ____ is a small program inserted into a Web page that performs a specific task, such as changing the
values in a stock portfolio, scrolling text or images across the screen, and so forth.
a. Java applet c. function
b. servlet d. subroutine
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 404

15. With a streaming audio file, only a small portion of the audio file is initially downloaded and ____,
and then the audio file can begin playing while the remainder of the file downloads simultaneously.
a. stored c. buffered
b. archived d. screened
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 404

16. ____ is a versatile video format developed by Apple and widely used to distribute video over the Web.
a. .wmv c. .mov
b. .mp3 d. .avi
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 405

17. ____ is a video format developed by Microsoft for use with Windows Media Player.
a. .wmv c. .mov
b. .mp3 d. .avi
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 405

18. ____ refers to the process of planning what your Web site will look like and how it will work.
a. Web site upload c. Web site deployment
b. Web site program d. Web site design
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 407

19. ____ refers to identifying the browser used by each visitor, typically via JavaScript code.
a. Browser mapping c. Visitor identification
b. Browser sniffing d. Personalization
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 408-409

20. Whenever you include content on a Web page that requires a(n) ____, include an obvious link that
takes visitors to a Web page where they can download its free version.
a. servlet c. applet
b. script d. plug-in
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 409
© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
21. A ____, when used to design a Web site, describes how the pages in the site relate to one another.
a. page layout c. storyboard
b. flowchart d. hierarchy chart
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 410

22. For designing the layout of a Web page, ____ are commonly used when designing animated
components.
a. storyboards c. page layouts
b. flowcharts d. plots
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 411

23. ____ are table of contents pages that contain links to all main pages on the sites.
a. Drop-down menus c. Frames
b. Search boxes d. Site maps
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 411

24. When you break a large document apart, consider including a link to view or download the entire
document intact either as a Web page or in a common format, such as Word or ____.
a. MDF c. XHTML
b. PDF d. XML
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 411

25. In order for navigational images or other images to be understandable to visitors using assistive
technology systems, the images must be identified with a(n) ____ description.
a. assistive c. accessible text
b. Braille text d. alternative text
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 413

26. The first basic step in the development process of a multimedia Web site is ____.
a. creating the Web site
b. creating the multimedia elements
c. testing, publishing, and maintaining the site
d. creating the documentation for the site
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 414

27. When a markup language is used, markup ____ are inserted around the Web page content to identify
where elements are to be displayed and how they should look when displayed.
a. tags c. identifiers
b. divisions d. boxes
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 414

28. Once a Web site has been carefully designed, it is time to create it. This process is called ____.
a. Web site publication c. Web site deployment

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 b. Web site upload d. Web site development
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 414

29. In the example shown in the accompanying figure, ____ is being used to create an animated banner.
a. Adobe Flash c. Adobe Fireworks
b. Adobe Dreamweaver d. Adobe Contribute
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 414

30. Most Web pages today are written in a ____— a coding system used to define the structure, layout,
and general appearance of the content of a Web page.
a. programming language c. 4G language
b. scripting language d. markup language
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 414

31. ____ is a set of rules for exchanging data over the Web.
a. MP3 c. XML
b. PDF d. CGI
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 416

32. ____ tags are similar to HTML tags, but there are stricter rules about how the markup tags are written.
a. XML c. JavaScript
b. XHTML d. Perl
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 416

33. ____ is a language used to create Web pages to be displayed on WAP-enabled wireless devices, such
as some older mobile phones and those used in some developing countries.
a. Wireless Markup Language (WML)
b. XHTML (Extensible Hypertext Markup Language)
c. XML (Extensible Markup Language)
d. Dynamic HTML (DHTML)
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 418

34. ____ was originally developed as a programming language designed for processing text.
a. ActiveX c. JavaScript
b. Perl d. AJAX
© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 419

35. Some of the most popular Web site authoring programs are Microsoft Expression Web and ____.
a. Adobe Contribute c. Adobe Dreamweaver
b. Adobe Flash d. Adobe Fireworks
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 421

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions

Case 10-1

Smith Web Design is creating a secure Web site for a local doctor. In addition to providing basic
information about her practice, she wants her patients to be able to log on and access their records,
including images such as X-rays and MRIs.

36. After patients log on, they should be able to download their X-rays and MRIs. These images should be
provided in the ____ format.
a. JPEG c. GIF
b. BMP d. TIF
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 401 TOP: Critical Thinking

37. In the “About Us” section of the Web site, the doctor wants to include a photo of her office. She
should save this image in the ____ format.
a. JPEG c. GIF
b. BMP d. TIF
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 402-403 TOP: Critical Thinking

38. Smith Web Design has decided to place all navigation buttons in a column on the left hand side of the
page. They should create these in the ____ format.
a. JPEG c. GIF
b. BMP d. TIF
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 403 TOP: Critical Thinking

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions

Case 10-2

Andrea is a aspiring songwriter and musician. She is creating a Web site that would allow her to
showcase her talent and gain exposure.

39. Andrea does not yet have any CDs of her music, but she can still create audio files to put on her Web
site using a microphone or ____ instrument.
a. WML c. WAV
b. MIDI d. XML
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 404 TOP: Critical Thinking

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 40. Once Andrea has recorded her music in an audio file, she would need to use a ____ method to reduce
the size of the file before making it available through her Web site.
a. filtering c. buffering
b. streaming d. compression
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 404 TOP: Critical Thinking

COMPLETION

1. ____________________ is the use of a computer to create environments that look like they do in the
real world.

ANS:
VR
Virtual reality
Virtual reality (VR)
VR (Virtual reality)

PTS: 1 REF: 397

2. ____________________ Web sites are usually much more time-consuming and expensive to create
than a simple text-based Web site.

ANS: Multimedia

PTS: 1 REF: 398-399

3. Web page images are usually saved in the ____________________, JPEG, or PNG format.

ANS: GIF

PTS: 1 REF: 401

4. Even though a(n) ____________________ image does not actually load faster, it enables the user to
more quickly perceive what the image looks like.

ANS: interlaced

PTS: 1 REF: 402

5. ____________________ is an image format that supports true color and is commonly used for Web
page photographs.

ANS: JPEG

PTS: 1 REF: 402

6. A(n) ____________________ is a group of GIF images stored in a special GIF file that is inserted in a
Web page, similar to any other image.
© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 ANS: animated GIF

PTS: 1 REF: 404

7. ____________________ is the term used to describe a series of graphical images that are displayed
one after the other to simulate movement.

ANS: Animation

PTS: 1 REF: 404

8. When frames are projected—typically at a rate of ____________________ frames per second—the

effect is a smooth reconstruction of the original continuous stream of information.

ANS:
30
thirty

PTS: 1 REF: 405

9. Time spent planning and ____________________ a site on paper before jumping into the development
process pays off in the long run.

ANS: designing

PTS: 1 REF: 408

10. Some multimedia development programs include a(n) ____________________ to allow you to test
your multimedia content on a variety of devices.

ANS: emulator

PTS: 1 REF: 408

11. One of the first steps in designing a multimedia application or Web site should be determining the
primary objectives of the site and the intended ____________________.

ANS: audience

PTS: 1 REF: 409

12. Essentially a map of the structure of the Web site, a Web site ____________________ uses a single
box to represent each Web page, and the lines between boxes show the logical organization of the site.

ANS: flowchart

PTS: 1 REF: 410

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
13. ____________________ are single images with separate areas linked to different locations.

ANS: Image maps

PTS: 1 REF: 411

14. For long Web pages, you can include a(n) ____________________ at the top of the page that allows
users to jump to a particular section of the document.

ANS: table of contents

PTS: 1 REF: 411-412

15. The ____________________ Act requires U.S. federal agencies to make their Web site content
accessible to people with disabilities, specifically to make it able to be used as effectively by people
with disabilities as by those without.

ANS: Rehabilitation

PTS: 1 REF: 413

16. JavaScript and other ____________________ languages can be used to add dynamic content to a Web
page.

ANS: scripting

PTS: 1 REF: 414-415

17. ____________________ is a version of HTML that is based on XML.

ANS:
XHTML
Extensible Hypertext Markup Language
Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML)
XHTML (Extensible Hypertext Markup Language)

PTS: 1 REF: 416

18. The newest version of HTML under development is ____________________ and is designed to
replace the current versions of both HTML and XHTML.

ANS: HTML 5

PTS: 1 REF: 417

19. Many mobile phones today are designed to display ____________________ Web pages instead of
WML pages.

ANS:
© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 HTML
Hypertext Markup Language
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

PTS: 1 REF: 418

20. ____________________ uses a combination of HTML (or XHTML), JavaScript, and XML to create
faster and more efficient interactive Web applications.

ANS:
AJAX
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX)

PTS: 1 REF: 419

ESSAY

1. Describe the JPEG format.

ANS:
The JPEG format (short for Joint Photographic Experts Group and using the file extension .jpg) is the
standard format for Web page photographs. JPEG images are compressed using lossy file
compression, so image quality is lost during the compression process. A compression amount from 0%
to 100% is selected when an image is saved in the JPEG format. When a higher compression rate is
selected, the file size is smaller but the image quality is reduced. JPEGs can be designated as
progressive, which means that the image is displayed initially in low resolution and the image quality
is progressively improved, similar to interlaced GIFs. JPEG images can use true color, and so the
JPEG format is typically used for photographs and other images that may require more than 256
colors.

PTS: 1 REF: 402-403 TOP: Critical Thinking

2. Describe the most widely used audio file formats.

ANS:
Some of the most widely used audio file formats are as follows:
-Waveform (.wav)—used for most music CDs; not compressed, so usually results in large file sizes.
-Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer 3 (.mp3)—used to create very efficient, high-quality
compressed audio files. Waveform files can be converted to MP3 files to reduce their size.
-Musical Instrument Digital Interface (.midi)—used for files created with a MIDI device.
-Audio Interchange Format File (.aiff)—used for files created with Apple Mac computers; a
compressed version is AIFF-Compressed.
-Advanced Audio Coding (.aac or .m4a)—used to encode audio data using the Moving Picture Experts
Group 4 (.mp4) standard; a newer alternative to MP3 for both fixed and mobile Web applications.

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 PTS: 1 REF: 404-405 TOP: Critical Thinking

3. Describe the most common video file formats.

ANS:
Some of the most common video file formats are listed next; most can be played using a standard
media player.
-Audio-Video Interleave (.avi)—a standard video file format developed by Microsoft.
-Moving Picture Experts Group 2 (.mp2)—a high-quality, compressed video file format.
-Moving Picture Experts Group 4 (.mp4)—a versatile format designed for media delivered via the
Web; can include still and audio data, but frequently used for video as well.
-QuickTime (.mov)—a versatile video format developed by Apple and widely used to distribute video
over the Web.
-Windows Media Video (.wmv)—a video format developed by Microsoft for use with Windows
Media Player.

PTS: 1 REF: 405 TOP: Critical Thinking

4. When designing a multimedia Web site, discuss the considerations that you should keep in mind about
the size (height and width) of the page content.

ANS:
Keep in mind that different browsers and screen resolutions allow different amounts of room to display
Web page content. This affects how wide your images and columns of text should be. To ensure that
the content is visible on virtually all desktop and notebook computers with a maximized browser,
without the user having to scroll down unnecessarily, keep banner images, image maps, and other
full-width items to 710 pixels or less. Full-height items (such as an image map) should be less than 420
pixels tall. Content designed for mobile users needs to be smaller, typically no more than 300 pixels
wide.

PTS: 1 REF: 409 TOP: Critical Thinking

5. What is the VBScript scripting language used for?

ANS:
One scripting language in use today is VBScript (Visual Basic Scripting Edition), a scripting language
developed by Microsoft that is based on the Visual Basic programming language. VBScript is used for
purposes similar to what JavaScript is used for—it enables Web developers to include interactive
elements, such as pop-up content, on their Web pages viewed with the Internet Explorer or other
compatible browsers. Individuals who are already familiar with Visual Basic can easily incorporate
VBScript content into their Web pages.

PTS: 1 REF: 419 TOP: Critical Thinking

© 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different
from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.