COMMUNICATION

STUDIES
WITH MISS MONIQUE NEITA
MASTERING
THE PAPER
2 EXAM
Ace Your CAPE
Communication Studies
Exam!
MODULE 1:
GATHERING,
ORGANIZING AND
PROCESSING
INFORMATION
IDENTIFYING MAIN IDEA, PURPOSE , INTENDED AUDIENCE ,
LANGUAGE STRATEGIES AND TECHNIQUES
MODULE 1: FINDING THE MAIN IDEA
The main idea or thesis is the main statement which the passage makes after
everything said has been considered.
Main points are conveyed in two ways:
● 1. Explicitly stated or conveyed directly

● 2. Inferred or indirectly stated

● Explicitly stated main points may be a single sentence or a synthesis of words and
phrases which conveys the overall sense of what is being said.
● Inferred main point is a statement of what the writer suggests or implies based on all
of what has been said.
MODULE 1: FINDING THE MAIN
IDEA
Writing About Main Ideas
● Main points should not be expressed as purpose statements, so avoid verbs like

“tell, show, emphasize, illustrate, inform or bring across” which suggest purpose.
Instead state the main point as follows:
The main point is that …
MODULE 1 :
WRITING ABOUT PURPOSE
All discourse are aimed at achieving THREE main purposes or a combination of these
purposes:
● To inform, explain, tell, illustrate, highlight etc.

● •To convince, persuade or sway

● To entertain, amuse or divert

Identify the dominant purpose in the passage. Use clear verbs to make purpose
statements precise.
A good statement of purpose begins with :
The writer’s purpose is to highlight that…
MODULE 1: CONSIDERING
INTENDED AUDIENCE
When considering intended audience bear the following in mind
● The diction – is it simple and can be understood by the average person or complex
and may be understood by a special audience?
● The organization – is it organized in a format which helps easy comprehension or is
the organization complex?
● The content density – are there a lot of ideas and concepts per sentence or few
which makes comprehension easier?
● The dissemination - where is the information posted and who can access it?
MODULE 1: WRITING ABOUT
INTENDED AUDIENCE
When structuring your response about intended audience consider the following:

● A poor response would state : The intended audience is the general public. (Too
general with no reason given)
● A weak response would state : The intended audience is people who skin bleach
or contemplate skin bleaching.
MODULE 1: WRITING ABOUT
INTENDED AUDIENCE
Good answers should identify the audience and give reasons related to the composition
of the message as to why it is appropriate.
A superior response states:
The intended audience is a general audience of educated persons who have an
interest in the topic of skin bleaching. This is because the language contains a
fair amount of jargon and complex sentences which may not be easily
understood by the average person. Also, there is a fairly high number of ideas or
complex concepts per paragraph which may pose a challenge to easy
comprehension for the less educated readers
MODULE 1:
LANGUAGE
STRATEGIES
WHAT ARE LANGUAGE STRATEGIES
AND TECHNIQUES?
● Language strategies: refer to ways in which a writer or speaker may organize and
present his use of language with the aim to enhance/ emphasize the effectiveness of
his message and make it (main points, supporting details and thesis) more
recognizable.
Language techniques refer to any literary device which a writer or speaker may use to
help achieve his or her purpose for communicating a message and making it more
memorable. As a student of communication studies, it is not enough to simply name the
device that is used. You must go further to explain how the writer’s /speaker’s use of the
device(s) help to accomplish his/her communicative purpose.
LANGUAGE STRATEGIES AND
LANGUAGE TECHNIQUES
● Use of cause and effect pattern: This is used to demonstrate the causal relationship
between variables and writers use this pattern to show the degree or extent to which
one thing affects the performance, result or outcome of another.
● Historical data or record which presents information about past events and
circumstances relating to a particular occurrence or incident.
● Use of Direct quotation(s): This allows the writer to add credibility and authenticity
to his discussion by citing expert opinion, in order to create a certain atmosphere, add
emphasis or supporting evidence to a point being made, ensure precision and
accuracy of information via verbatim account from an individual or source document,
and identify titles of articles.
LANGUAGE STRATEGIES
● Use of examples or illustrations: These refer to any evidence or reason (facts,
statistics, anecdotes) that is offered to support a point being made. Writers use
examples for a variety of reasons including to clarify ideas in the text, or to give the
impression that the evidence presented on a point is sufficient and even
overwhelming. The use of relevant examples helps he writer to achieve his purpose.
● Use of information from authoritative/expert sources: This gives the impression
that the information which the writer presents is well-researched, authentic, verifiable
and corroborated. It increases the logos appeal of the information by making the
writer’s point of view seem more credible since it is supported by scholarship and
expert knowledge.
LANGUAGE STRATEGIES
● Use of statistical data: This strategy can be used to illustrate changes and trends in
the information presented but it is commonly used to enhance the logos appeal of the
information by giving the impression that it is well-researched, authentic, and
verifiable.
● Use of testimonial: This involves first person eye witness account and accounts
from expert or authority sources based on their experience and specialized
knowledge. Because testimonial information is based on first-hand knowledge of what
one has experienced or known, its use adds authenticity and validity to information so
obtained.
LANGUAGE STRATEGIES
● Compare/Contrast
● Definition of key terms- used to give an impression or lend credibility
● Documentary evidence
● Hypophora – question and answer – used to focus the reader on the
question and then directs the attention to the answer the the writer wants his
audience to get
● Use of counter-argument

● Personal experience as a frame for the message

● Title of Extract
LANGUAGE TECHNIQUES
● Metaphoric language: By this we mean all the various devices and techniques which
involve analogy or comparison between two unrelated or different things to convey
meaning. Such comparisons are used to enhance meaning by making a point more
striking and memorable, to offer clarity to an illustration, and help the reader/listener to
view a familiar concept in a new way.
● Loaded words

● Jargon

● Irony

● Pun

● Hyperbole (deliberate exaggeration)

● Use of conversational tone - Used to allows the reader to relate to the writer’s

perspective . Also used to give the impression that the writer is speaking directly to the
reader
● Use of First-Person Point-of-view-

● To elicit (produce) a conversational tone

● To make it more inviting for readers to respond

● To give the impression of speaking directly to readers/

● Invite dialogue

● To show that the issue is of personal interest and applicable to everyone

● To highlight the importance of the message

● To show that the actions outlined can be effectively carried out

2022 CAPE
COMMUNICATION
STUDIES SAMPLE
QUESTION
RESPONSE
RESPONSE
Furthermore,aneffectiveorganizationalstrategyutilizedisthechronologicalprogressionof
[Link]
notingashiftinpatientrequests,[Link]
surgeinminimallyinvasivecosmeticprocedures,suggestingacorrelationwiththisnewvisual
[Link]"SnapchatDysmorphia"furtherdevelopstheargumentbypresenting
[Link],theextractbroadensthescopebydiscussingthe
societalimplicationsofthis"unrealisticbeautyideal"perpetuatedbyaccessibleeditingapps,
[Link]
tounderstandtheevolutionoftheissueanditsvariousfacets.

Whiletheextracteffectivelyaddressestheglobalimpactofphoto-editing,itsapplicabilitytothe
Caribbeancontextcouldbesignificantlyenhancedbyincorporatingspecificregionalnuances.
Toachievethis,theauthorcould:

Firstly,[Link]
medicalprofessionalsandresearch,theextractcouldbenefitfromincludingperspectivesof
RESPONSE
Caribbeancosmeticsurgeons,psychologists,[Link]
howphoto-editingtrendsspecificallymanifestwithinCaribbeancultures,consideringdiverse
ethnicgroupsandbeautystandardsprevalentintheregion,wouldmaketheanalysismore
[Link],discussingtheinfluenceofspecificCaribbeancelebritiesorsocialmedia
influencersknownfortheirheavilyeditedimagesandtheimpactontheirlocalfollowerswould
addacruciallayerofregionalrelevance.

Secondly,[Link]
surgeryandadvancedphoto-editingtechnologymightvaryacrossdifferentsocio-economic
[Link]"SnapchatDysmorphia"andthe
pressuretoconformtodigitallyalteredimagesdisproportionatelyaffectcertaingroupswithinthe
[Link],theculturalsignificanceofphysicalappearanceandhowtraditional
Caribbeanbeautyidealsintersectwiththeseglobaltrendscouldbeexamined.

Finally, [Link]
analyzehowlocaltelevision,musicvideos,andsocialmediaplatformswithintheCaribbean
[Link]
ofdiversebodytypesandnaturalappearancesinCaribbeanmediacouldprovideamorenuanced
understandingoftheissuewithintheregion.

ByincorporatingtheseCaribbean-specificelements,theextractcouldmovebeyondageneral
discussionofphoto-editing'simpactandofferamoreculturallyrelevantandinsightfulanalysis
[Link]
morelocalizedunderstandingofthecomplexrelationshipbetweendigitalrepresentationand
perceptionsofbeauty.