The Protecting Biodiversity: Deforestation prevention in San Roque,

San Manuel Pangasinan

Statement of the Problem

The Researchers would like to determine the implementation of deforestation

prevention activities in San Roque, San Manuel Pangasinan

They seek to answer the following questions:

1. What is the level of awareness of the community to the various deforestation

prevention activities of San Roque, San Manuel Pangasinan?

2. Is there a significant difference between the level of awareness of the

respondents to the Deforestation prevention activities in San Roque, San

Manuel Pangasinan?

3. What is the level of Implementation of deforestation prevention activities in San

Roque, San Manuel Pangasinan?

4. Is there a significant difference between the perception of respondents as to the

level of implementation of the Deforestation Prevention Activities?

Proponents BLOCK 4-G27

Tan, Lester Jon O. - Plastina, Sidney Moniko

Benito, Borgs Cedrick C. - Casquejo, Princess Charie

Jover, Elmer Joshua M. - Melendez, Mhel

Nama, Viva Angela M. - Tugade, Leo Jay

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Deforestation is one of the most urgent and significant environmental problems

that the Philippines is now dealing with. Additionally, the process has a lot of terrible

consequences. The two main environmental problems associated with deforestation are

the loss of biodiversity and the rise in greenhouse gas emissions. Deforestation and

conversion are frequently associated with violations of human rights, such as the

deprivation of land or resource access for local communities and the use of exploitative

labour practices in production and processing facilities. The biodiversity of the

Philippines is a wide range of life that can support the maintenance of our ecosystem

naturally, and community action is the key to prevention.

San Roque, San Manuel Pangasinan's rich biodiversity is crucial for maintaining

ecosystem services like clean air, water, and soil fertility. Deforestation, driven by illegal

logging, unsustainable agricultural practices, infrastructure development, and urban

expansion, is a pressing issue. Socio-economic factors like poverty and land tenure

issues contribute to deforestation. Past conservation efforts by local communities,

government agencies, and non-profit organizations have faced successes and

challenges. This comprehensive understanding of biodiversity value and threats is

essential for sustainable land management.

This study investigates the deforestation problem in San Roque San Manuel,

Pangasinan and the preventive measures to be used in conducting the study also the

methods to be applied, The Level of awareness and significant differences of the

in the environment as some citizens are not aware that deforestation is occurring in their

surroundings.

According to Professor Norman Myers, one of the foremost authorities on rates of

deforestation in tropical forests, “the annual destruction rates seem set to accelerate

further and could well double in another decade” (Myers, 1992). Mostly deforestation

has occurred in the temperate and sub-tropical areas. Deforestation is no longer

significant in the developed temperate countries now and in fact many temperate

countries are now recording increases in forest areas (Anon., 1990a; 2010). In most

instances developed nations are in temperate domains and developing nations in

tropical domains. However, deforestation was significantly less in tropical moist

deciduous forest in 1990-2000 than 1980-1990 but using satellite imagery it was found

that FAO overestimated deforestation of tropical rainforests by 23 per cent (Anon.,

2001a; b). However, the definition of what is and what is not a forest remains

controversial. The tropical rainforests capture most attention but 60 per cent of the

deforestation that occurred in tropical forests during 1990-2010 was in moist deciduous

and dry forests.

Deforestation threatens animal and plant biodiversity, water and air quality, the

livelihoods and food security of forest-dependent communities that are the poorest and

most vulnerable (Kummer 1992; Kummer and Turner 1994; Saastamoinen 1996).

Increasing natural forest protection and reforestation efforts are required to offset the

effects of deforestation. However, most natural forests, even strictly protected, are

inhabited by human communities (Nagendra et al. 2009). In the absence of other options

for employment and income, these communities are often the poorest and the most
depend on natural resources for their livelihoods (Adams et al. 2004; Levang et al.

2005).

The researchers are using “structured interviews” or “survey interviews.” These

interviews involve asking participants a predetermined set of questions in a

standardized manner, allowing for the collection of quantitative data that can be

analyzed statistically. Structured interviews aim to gather specific information from

participants, often using closed-ended questions with predefined response options. This

method allows researchers to quantify responses and analyze patterns or relationships

within the data.

Theoretical framework

The Forest Transition Theory is a concept proposed in the early 1990s. It describes

the changes a forest landscape, region or even country experiences when its forest

cover stops shrinking (due to deforestation) and starts expanding (due to reforestation

or afforestation). Expansion can take place despite growing human populations (in both

number and density); increased technical capacities (i.e., higher efficiency in

transforming land covers); or changing cultural values (e.g., globalization, urbanization).

Globally, agricultural expansion represents the major driver of forest loss. The

recovery of forest areas is explained by the natural expansion of remaining forests (e.g.,

areas that have been abandoned), and active forest landscape restoration and

plantation programs. During forest transitions, not only does the forest area change, but

the quality of the forest may also undergo change, meaning forests at the end of this

process are different from those at the beginning.

describe an empirical regularity observed in several countries, namely a national-scale

shift from a shrinking to an expanding forest area. This concept derived initially from

historical studies of long-term trends of forest cover in European countries, and it was

then applied to contemporary dynamics in developing and tropical regions. Such forest

transitions result from multiple trends—natural regeneration of forests, forest plantation,

adoption of agroforestry.

Deforestation Stop Shrinking

Forest Reforestation Expanding

Agricultural
Forest loss
Expansion

Recovery Natural Expansion

Conceptual framework
 The researchers adopted the Input Process Output (IPO) Model to conceptualize the

framework. The concept model focuses on three main parts that outline the key

elements of the study. The input illustrates the respondent’s demographic profile, as

well as the existing factors that community satisfaction in terms of deforestation and

stop shrinking, expanding, reforestation, agriculture expansion, forest loss, natural

expansion, recovery. Furthermore, the study aims to discern disparities in the

prevention between traditional logging practices and sustainable forestry management

techniques. The methodology encompasses structured surveys, data collection

protocols, and statistical analysis. The resultant findings drive actionable initiatives

delineated within the study’s outcomes. Through this conceptual framework, researchers

endeavor to discern the integration of contemporary conservation methods in combating

deforestation.

Research paradigm.

Input Process

Output

Demographic profile of
the respondents in
regarding to:

Age
Sex
Civil Status
Educational
Survey
Background
Questionnaire
Monthly Deforestation
Income Data Gathering Prevention in San
Manuel
Statistical Pangasinan
Treatment

Level of perception of
respondents as of the
Statement of the Problem:

The Researchers would like to determine the implementation of deforestation

prevention activities in San Roque, San Manuel Pangasinan.

They seek to answer the following questions:

1. What is the level of awareness of the community to the various deforestation

prevention activities of San Roque, San Manuel Pangasinan?

2. Is there a significant difference between the level of awareness of the

respondents to the Deforestation prevention activities in San Roque, San

Manuel Pangasinan?

3. What is the level of Implementation of deforestation prevention activities in San

Roque, San Manuel Pangasinan?

4. Is there a significant difference between the perception of respondents as to the

level of implementation of the Deforestation Prevention Activities?

Hypotheses

Ha: There is no significant difference between the level of awareness of the respondents

to the deforestation prevention activities in San Roque, San Manuel Pangasinan.

Ho: There is no significant difference between the perception of respondents as to the

level.
Significance of the study

This study will be able to identify protecting biodiversity in relation to deforestation

prevention in San Roque, San Manuel Pangasinan.

The following benefits from the study:

● Community Leaders. This would help the community put an end to such illegal

behaviour in the forest by assisting leaders in teaching the populace how to care

for the ecosystem.

● Community Members. By raising community people’s understanding of the

complex issue of deforestation, this study encourages them to take action to

protect the environment.

● Law enforcement officer. enforcement officials can become more aware of the

criminal act of deforestation and take appropriate action to protect the

environment and stop illicit activity.

● Community. Helps in raising community awareness and understanding of the

importance of community action for biodiversity.

● Biodiversity. Encompasses Earth's diverse life forms, including plants, animals, and

microorganisms, and their ecosystems. Working to preserve the richness and

diversity of life forms, which is crucial for the well-being of both nature and us.

● Local Government of San Manuel Pangasinan. This will help the local government

to regulate and understand the perceptions of the population with regards to

Protecting Biodiversity. This study will be able to give solutions in helping

biodiversity.

● Future Researchers. fellow researchers who are studying, finding solutions, and

thinking problems again to be solved. They will be able to make this research as a
 reference and instrument for them to be used in their further investigations and

study.

Scope and Delimitation

This study focuses on Protecting Biodiversity: Deforestation Prevention in San Roque,

San Manuel Pangasinan. The Target respondents were the community leaders,

community members, and law enforcement officers within the area of San Roque, San

Manuel Pangasinan. The central purpose of this study is to identify the prevention

practices of deforestation, as well as the impacts of safety measures and protecting

biodiversity.

Definition of Terms

Biodiversity. Every variety of life that can be found in one place includes different types

of plants, animals, fungi, and more.

Perception. The ability to sense or perceive things.

Significance. Refers to the meaning of something useful, important.

Prevention. The act of preventing something from occurring or making it not happen.

Various. Greater than one or multiple.

Awareness. It refers to the state of being knowledgeable or aware of what is happening.

Protecting. Securing someone or something from danger.

Respondent. A person or people who, in the event that you have a question, answers all

of your questions, regardless of whether it is a survey or something else.

Implementation. Doing the process or execution of plans and ideas into effect.

Deforestation. Decrease of forest all over the world that was lost because of others.
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