English Course:

Professor : IDDIK
1st Semester-Option : CCA
2024-2025
 Presentation Topics

➢ Topic 1. The auditing and Management Control

➢ Topic 2. The Role of Internal Audit in an Organization
➢ Topic 3. The Importance of Internal Controls
➢ Topic 4. The risk Management and Control
➢ Topic 5. The Audit Process
➢ Topic 6. The audit Reporting and Communication
➢ Topic 7. The Future of Auditing and Management Control
➢ Topic 8. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning on Auditing
 Course Contents

➢ Topic 1. Introduction to Auditing and Management Control

➢ Topic 2. The Role of Internal Audit in an Organization
➢ Topic 3. The Importance of Internal Controls
➢ Topic 4. Risk Management and Control
➢ Topic 5. The Audit Process
Topic 1. Audit and Management Control

 Text reading:
The auditing and management control is a critical
aspect of any organization. It involves the
systematic examination of an organization’s
financial records, accounting practices, and to drill
down the internal controls to ensure accuracy and
compliance with regulations, and to root out main
issues. The goal of auditing is to provide assurance
that the financial information is reliable and that
the organization’s systems are operating effectively
and to tighten them up.
Topic 1. Audit and Management Control

 Text:
Management control, on the other hand, focuses on
the processes and systems that an organization uses
to manage and follow up on its operations. It
involves setting goals, monitoring performance, and
taking corrective action as needed. Effective
management control helps ensure that an
organization achieves its strategic objectives, irons
out difficulties and operates efficiently.
Topic 1. Audit and Management Control

 Text:
Together, auditing and management control
play a vital role in maintaining the integrity
of an organization’s financial reporting and
operations. By identifying and addressing
potential risks and weaknesses, these
processes help to protect the organization’s
reputation and financial health.
 Comprehension Questions

1. What is the primary goal of auditing?

2. How does management control contribute to an organization’s success?
3. What is the relationship between auditing and management control?
4. Why is it important for organizations to have strong auditing and management control systems?
 Vocabulary Test
 Match the following terms with their definitions:
• The process of identifying, analyzing, and evaluating
potential risks
1. Auditing • A systematic examination of an organization’s
financial records and internal controls
2. Management control
3. Internal control • The processes and systems an organization uses to
manage its operations
4. Risk assessment
• Policies and procedures designed to mitigate
5. Compliance audit risks

6. Operational audit • An audit focused on ensuring adherence to

specific laws, regulations, or standards

• An audit that assesses the efficiency and

effectiveness of an organization’s operations
 Grammar : Phrasal verbs
 What are phrasal verbs?
Phrasal verbs are combinations of verbs and prepositions, or adverbs, which act as verbs in sentences.
1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrasal verb.
(Give up, call off, get away with, work up, show up, make up, come up, put up, clean up, hang up)
1. Timothy finally ____ at the wedding.
2. Never ____ on your dreams.
3. ____ the room before you leave to play.
4. The convict is trying to _____ a story.
5. Mark Antony’s speech ____ the Roman people.
6. The convention was ____ due to the pandemic.
7. You can’t _____ such a horrible thing.
8. The parents couldn’t ____ with the naughty kid.
9. The speaker _____ on me.
10. Can you ____ with a new topic?
Phrasal verbs from the text:

•Drill down: To examine a particular issue in detail.

•Iron out: To resolve a problem or difficulty.
•Follow up on: To take further action or investigation.
•Root out: To find and eliminate something unwanted.
•Tighten up: To make something more strict or efficient.
LET’S USE THEM IN THE FOLLOWING
SENTENCES
 Fill in the blanks with the correct word or phrase: iron out,
root out, follow up on, drill down, tighten up.
The auditor will _____ the financial statements to identify any
discrepancies.
The management team needs to _____ a plan to improve the
company's performance.
We need to _____ the root cause of the problem.
The internal audit team will _____ the new accounting system to
ensure it complies with regulations.
The company needs to _____ its internal controls to prevent fraud.
Speaking section
Presentation 1
Presentation 2
 Topic 2 / Text Reading:
The Role of Internal Audit in an Organization
Internal audit is an independent appraisal function established within an
organization to examine and evaluate its activities and operations. It is designed to
provide assurance and consulting services that add value and improve an
organization's operations.

Key Roles of Internal Audit

•Assurance Services:
•Assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of internal controls.
•Evaluating the reliability and integrity of financial and operational information.
•Determining compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and policies.
•Consulting Services:
•Identifying opportunities for improvement in processes, systems, and controls.
•Providing recommendations for enhancing operational efficiency and
effectiveness.
•Facilitating risk management and governance processes.
Benefits of Internal Audit

•Improved Risk Management: Internal auditors identify and

assess risks, helping organizations to mitigate them
effectively.
•Enhanced Control Environment: Regular audits strengthen
internal controls, reducing the likelihood of errors and fraud.
•Improved Operational Efficiency: By identifying
inefficiencies and recommending improvements, internal audit
can help organizations operate more efficiently.
•Increased Accountability: Internal audit promotes
accountability by ensuring that employees and managers
adhere to policies and procedures.
•Enhanced Reputation: A strong internal audit function can
enhance an organization's reputation by demonstrating a
commitment to good governance and risk management.
Comprehension Questions

1. What is the primary purpose of internal audit?

2. How does internal audit contribute to risk management?
3. What are the key benefits of having a strong internal audit
function?
4. How does internal audit help organizations improve
operational efficiency?
5. What is the role of internal audit in ensuring compliance
with laws and regulations?
Vocabulary Test

 According the text what is the meaning of the following words:

Appraisal
Efficiency
Mitigate
Fraud
Governance
Process vs Systems
 Grammar :
Prepositions "On," "At," and "In"

 A preposition is a word that links a noun, pronoun,

or noun phrase to some other part of the
sentence.
 A preposition is used to show direction, location,
or time, or to introduce an object.
On
 Used to express a surface of something: I put an egg on the kitchen
table, The paper is on my desk.
 Used to specify days and dates: The garbage truck comes on
Wednesdays, I was born on the 14th day of June in 1988.
 Used to indicate a device or machine, such as a phone or
computer: He is on the phone right now. She has been on the
computer since this morning. My favorite movie will be on TV
tonight.
 Used to indicate a part of the body: The stick hit me on my
shoulder. He kissed me on my cheek. I wear a ring on my finger.
 Used to indicate the state of something: Everything in this store is
on sale. The building is on fire.
At

 Used to point out specific time: I will meet you at

12 p.m. The bus will stop here at 5:45 p.m.
 Used to indicate a place: There is a party at the
club house. There were hundreds of people at the
park. We saw a baseball game at the stadium.
 Used to indicate an email address: Please email me
at abc@[Link].
 Used to indicate an activity: He laughed at my
acting. I am good at drawing a portrait.
 In

Used for unspecific times during a day, month, season, year: She always
reads newspapers in the morning, In the summer, we have a rainy season
for three weeks. The new semester will start in March.
Used to indicate a location or place:
She looked me directly in the eyes. I am currently staying in a hotel. My
hometown is Los Angeles, which is in California.
Used to indicate a shape, color, or size:
This painting is mostly in blue, The students stood in a circle. This jacket
comes in four different sizes.
Used to express while doing something:
In preparing for the final report, we revised the tone three times. A catch
phrase needs to be impressive in marketing a product.
Used to indicate a belief, opinion, interest, or feeling:
I believe in the next life. We are not interested in gambling.
Quiz 1.

 Identify all prepositions in the following

sentences.

After flying for many hours, we finally got off the

airplane. We walked out the exit and went to the
baggage claim area. There were hundreds of
different bags on the conveyer belt. I almost
picked up the wrong one because it looked like
mine.
 Quiz 2.

 Choose a correct preposition in the sentence.

1)I want to lose 5 kilogram (on, at, in) one month.

2)Could you get me this pants (on, at, in) a larger size?
3)She seems to be interested (on, at, in) Psychology.
4)I will come to pick you up (on, at, in) 2 pm tomorrow.
5)This class will be held (on, at, in) Mondays.
Speaking section
Presentation 3
Presentation 4
Presentation 5
Text reading
Topic 3. The importance of internal Controls
 Internal controls are the policies, procedures, and practices implemented by an organization
to safeguard its assets, ensure accuracy and reliability of financial 1 and operational
information, promote efficiency and effectiveness, and comply with laws and regulations.
Strong internal controls help organizations manage risk, improve operational performance,
and maintain a positive reputation.
 one of the primary benefits of internal controls is their ability to protect an organization's
assets. By implementing strong controls, businesses can reduce the risk of fraud, theft, and
unauthorized access to sensitive information. Internal controls also help to ensure the
accuracy and reliability of financial information, which is essential for decision-making and
regulatory compliance. Additionally, internal controls can improve operational efficiency by
streamlining processes, eliminating waste, and identifying opportunities for improvement.
 Another important aspect of internal controls is their role in preventing errors and omissions.
By implementing appropriate checks and balances, organizations can reduce the likelihood of
mistakes and inconsistencies. Furthermore, internal controls can help to enhance an
organization's reputation and credibility. Strong controls demonstrate a commitment to good
governance, transparency, and accountability.
 In conclusion, internal controls are a critical component of any organization's success. By
implementing and maintaining effective internal controls, businesses can mitigate risk,
improve performance, and build trust with stakeholders. As the business environment
becomes increasingly complex, the need for strong internal controls will only continue to
grow.
 Comprehension questions

1. What is the primary purpose of internal controls?

2. How do internal controls help to protect an organization's assets?
3. What is the role of internal controls in ensuring accurate and reliable financial
information?
4. How can internal controls improve operational efficiency?
5. What is the impact of strong internal controls on an organization's reputation?
 Vocabulary Test
 1 - Match the words to their definitions:
safeguard
reliability
efficiency
compliance
mitigate
a. The quality of being dependable and trustworthy b. The ability
to achieve maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or
expense c. To reduce the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of
something d. Protection against damage or harm e. The action or
fact of fulfilling a requirement, standard, or obligation
 Vocabulary Test

 2 - Fill in the blanks with the correct word:

Internal controls can help to reduce the risk of _____.
Strong internal controls can enhance an organization’s
_____.
By implementing internal controls, organizations can ensure
the _____ of financial information.
Internal controls can help to ____ operational efficiency.
Strong internal controls can help to _____ fraud and theft.
 Vocabulary Test

Vocabulary Test 3 - Find the synonyms for the following

words:
 safeguard
 ensure
 enhance
 mitigate
 critical
 Grammar :
Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
 Comparative adjectives compare two things. Superlative adjectives compare more than two
things
Commonly, adjectives that contain only one syllable or end in 'y' use 'er' to form comparatives
and 'est' to form superlatives. For adjectives ending in y, change the 'y' to 'i' before adding the
'er' or 'est'.
old – older – oldest
 young – younger – youngest
 pretty – prettier – prettiest
 long – longer – longest
 short – shorter – shortest
 bright – brighter – brightest
 close – closer – closest
 happy – happier - happiest
 Adjectives with two or more syllables do not change but instead add more to form
comparatives and most to form superlatives.
respectable – more respectable – most respectable
 beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful
 preferable – more preferable – most preferable
 hardworking – more hardworking – most hardworking
 Some adjectives have different forms of comparatives and superlatives.
good – better – best
 bad – worse – worst
 little – less – least
 much (many) – more – most
 far – further - furthest
 The word than typically appears in comparative sentences.
Amy is smarter than Betty.
 Chad is stronger than Dan.
 Greg is more diligent than his brother.
 I have more apples than he.
 She likes him more than me.
 Superlatives are typically accompanied by the word the.
Tom is the oldest man in town.
 Paul is the tallest boy in the neighborhood.
 That shade of blue is the most beautiful color.
 This is the longest song that I have ever heard.
Quiz
 Write the appropriate comparative or superlative form of the word cold in each
blank.

Yesterday was a cold day. Today is than yesterday. Tomorrow will be

the day yet.

 Which of the following sentences is incorrect?

1)Mary is shorter than Jane.

2)The moon is more closer to the earth than the sun.
3)I have the best score on the exam.
 Fill in the blanks.

1)My friend has a pretty purse, but I have a one.

2)The weather is yet to come!
3)Today's sunshine is beautiful than yesterday's.
Speaking section
Presentation 6
Presentation 7
Presentation 8
 Text reading
Topic 4. Risk management and Control
 Risk management is a systematic process of identifying, assessing, and
controlling risks to an organization's objectives. It involves taking proactive
steps to minimize the impact of potential threats and maximize
opportunities.
 A key component of risk management is internal control. Internal controls are
policies and procedures designed to ensure the integrity, reliability, and
efficiency of an organization's operations. They help to safeguard assets,
prevent fraud, and promote compliance with laws and regulations.
 Effective risk management and control can significantly improve an
organization's performance. By identifying and mitigating risks, organizations
can avoid costly mistakes, protect their reputation, and achieve their
strategic goals. Additionally, strong internal controls can enhance operational
efficiency, improve decision-making, and increase investor confidence.
 In today's complex business environment, risk management and control are
essential for organizations of all sizes. By implementing a robust risk
management framework, organizations can better navigate uncertainty and
achieve long-term success.
 Comprehension questions

1. What is the primary goal of risk management?

2. How do internal controls contribute to risk management?
3. What are the potential benefits of effective risk management and control?
4. Why is risk management important in today's business environment?
 Vocabulary Test
 Match the following terms with their definitions:
Systematic:
Mitigate:
Integrity:
Compliance:
Framework:
a. The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles
b. A basic structure underlying a system or concept
c. Methodical and organized
d. To reduce the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something
e. Adherence to laws, rules, or regulations
 Grammar:
Prepositions "Of," "To," and "For"
of
 Used for belonging to, relating to, or connected with:

The secret of this game is that you can’t ever win.

 The highlight of the show is at the end.
 The first page of the book describes the author’s profile.
 Don’t touch it. That’s the bag of my friend’s sister.
 I always dreamed of being rich and famous.
 Used to indicate reference:

I got married in the summer of 2000.

 This is a picture of my family.
 I got a discount of 10 percent on the purchase.
 Grammar:
Prepositions "Of," "To," and "For"
Of

 Used to indicate an amount or number:

I drank three cups of milk.
A large number of people gathered to protest.
I had only four hours of sleep during the last two days.
He got a perfect score of 5 on his writing assignment.
 Grammar:
Prepositions "Of," "To," and "For"
 To
 Used to indicate the place, person, or thing that someone or something moves
toward, or the direction of something:

I am heading to the entrance of the building.

 The package was mailed to Mr. Kim yesterday.
 All of us went to the movie theater.
 Please send it back to me.
 Used to indicate a limit or an ending point:

The snow was piled up to the roof.

 The stock prices rose up to 100 dollars.
 Grammar:
Prepositions "Of," "To," and "For"
 To
 Used to indicate a limit or an ending point:

The snow was piled up to the roof.

 The stock prices rose up to 100 dollars.
 Used to indicate relationship:

This letter is very important to your admission.

 My answer to your question is in this envelop.
 Do not respond to every little thing in your life.
 Used to indicate a time or a period:

I work nine to six, Monday to Friday.

 It is now 10 to five. (In other words, it is 4:50.)
 Grammar:
Prepositions "Of," "To," and "For"
For
 Used to indicate the use of something:

This place is for exhibitions and shows. I baked a cake for your birthday. I put
a note on the door for privacy, She has been studying hard for the final exam.
 Used to mean because of:

I am so happy for you. We feel deeply sorry for your loss. For this reason, I’ve
decided to quit this job.
 Used to indicate time or duration:

He’s been famous for many decades. I attended the university for one year
only. This is all I have for today.
Quiz

 Choose the correct preposition in each sentence.

1)I slept (of, to, for) only two hours last night.
2)It was my first trip (of, to, for) Hawaii.
3)Turn off the TV and go straight (of, to, for) bed.
4)This book was written (of, to, for) the people who
want to learn how to play a guitar.
5)I was late (of, to, for) school.
6)Spencer is one (of, to, for) my best friends.
Speaking section
Presentation 9
Presentation 10
Presentation 11
 Text reading
Topic 5. The audit process
The Audit Process: A Systematic Approach
The audit process is a systematic and disciplined approach to examining and evaluating an organization's
activities and operations. It involves a series of steps, from planning and fieldwork to reporting and follow-
up.
Planning Stage: The audit process begins with a thorough planning phase. This involves defining the audit
objectives, identifying the scope of the audit, and developing a detailed audit plan. The audit plan outlines
the specific procedures to be performed, the resources required, and the timeline for the audit.
Fieldwork Stage: During the fieldwork stage, auditors gather evidence to support their findings and
conclusions. This may involve interviewing employees, reviewing documents, observing operations, and
testing controls. Auditors use a variety of techniques to collect and analyze information, such as checklists,
questionnaires, and data analytics.
Reporting Stage: Once the fieldwork is complete, auditors prepare a comprehensive audit report. The report
summarizes the findings, conclusions, and recommendations. It typically includes an executive summary, an
overview of the audit objectives and scope, a detailed analysis of the findings, and a set of
recommendations for improvement.
Follow-up Stage: The final stage of the audit process involves monitoring the implementation of the
recommended actions. Auditors may conduct follow-up reviews or audits to assess the effectiveness of the
corrective actions taken. This ensures that the organization has addressed the identified issues and has
implemented appropriate measures to prevent them from recurring.
 Comprehension Questions

1. What is the first step in the audit process?

2. What activities are typically involved in the fieldwork stage?
3. What is the purpose of an audit report?
4. What is the role of follow-up in the audit process?
 Vocabulary test
 Match the following terms with their definitions:

Systematic:
Scope:
Control:
Findings:
Corrective actions:
a. The extent or range of something
b. Measures taken to address identified issues or problems
c. A mechanism to ensure that something happens or does not happen
d. Methodical and organized
e. The results of an audit, including observations and recommendations
 Mood for Grammar
Indicative, Imperative, Subjunctive Mood

 A mood shows the writer’s attitude toward what he/she is saying.

Indicative Mood states an actuality or fact.
We will go to see a movie this Sunday.
 I’ll follow you.
 Imperative Mood makes a request.
Let’s go to see a movie this weekend!
 Please stop bugging me!
 Subjunctive Mood expresses a doubtful condition (contrary to fact) and is often
used with an "if" clause.
If I were you, I wouldn’t buy a house.
 I wish I were more organized.
 Mood for Grammar
Indicative, Imperative, Subjunctive Mood

 The following verbs often attract the subjunctive mood:

ask, recommend, suggest, wish, insist, order, commend,
request, and demand.A verb in the subjunctive mood may
have a different form. The subjunctive for the present
tense third-person singular drops the s or es so that it
looks and sounds like the present tense for everything
else. In the subjunctive mood, the verb to be is be in the
present tense and were in the past tense, regardless of
what the subject is.
 Quiz

1.1. Write the correct form of the verb given.

1)I insist that Jennifer (finish) her meal.

2)She suggests that the office (be) closed today.
3)If I (be) you, I would win the game.
4)I wish I (can) fly.

1.2. Choose the correct sentence from the following.

1)I wish I was able to buy this car.

2)It were recommended that the company closes its foreign offices.
3)If Jack were 17 years old, he would apply for the university.
4)Our manager insists that the group is reorganized.
Speaking section
Presentation 12
Presentation 13
Presentation 14
Thank You