Royal Commission for Juabil & Yanbu Calculation Sheet

Royal Commision in Jubail

Contract 027-T04 Designed by: MIQ

Project Ras Al Khair Industrial City No:
Title: Task No: 4 Date : 30/10/2012
Calc No: 181-C01-CALCS-20LS-SA-001 Design 90% Submittal Checked by: MAW
Stage:
Subject: Design of Arch Culvert Revision: A Date : 30/10/2012

PART A: DESIGN OF ARCH CULVERT

1.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND DESIGN METHODOLGY

The proposed cast-in-situ unreinforced concrete structures is a multi-cells storm drainage Culvert along road (Typical). The structure is
designed as moment and shear resisting frames consisting of unreinforced precast concrete arches roof and unreinforced conrete walls
on continuous unreinforced base slab serving as mat foundation supported by node springs. The whole structure is modelled as series of
elements, analyzed and designed by STAAD Pro structural program in accordance with ACI Code, using Ultimate Strength Design
(USD) method. All applicable loads are in accordance with MOT and AASHTO requirements and applied on structure such as dead
loads, selfweight, soil pressure and surcharge on exterior walls etc. Wheel load pressure per MOT Design Trucks & Lane Loads such as;
standard lane- load per lane 20 kN/m UDL, 150 kN for moment and 220 kN concentrated loads spread over lane width; 3 axle 600 kN
(61.2T) truck per lane, and 320 kN (32.62T) hypothetical single axle load per lane are applied on structure in different loading
pattern/cases similar to a moving loads All these loads are applied systematically in various critical load combinations with corresponding
load factor multipliers, as required by AASHTO. Please refer to design load calculations, Wheel Loads Summary Table and diagrams.
Arch culverts are designed to safely withstand the vertical and lateral loads due to traffic and earth and comply with minimum factors of
safety and 100 kPa recommended net allowable bearing capacity as per RC manual.

2.0 DESIGN CRITERIA:

Dead Loads :
Normal concrete weight = 24 kN/m3
Unit weight of soil = 19 kN/m3
Unit weight of asphalt = 21 kN/m3
Minimum Uniform Distributed Live = 5.00 KPa
Load Per RC Guideline, wL(min)

Live Loads:
Traffic Loads see wheel load calculations

Thermal Loads
Change in Temperature (Expansion Joints provided) = 25 O
C

Materials:
Concrete, f c C30b or 4.35 = 30 MPa
Ksi
Fusion bonded epoxy coated rebar, fy 414 MPa
Steel Modulus of Elasticity, E s 29007 Ksi = 200000 MPa
Minimum concrete cover = 75 mm
Soil Properties:
Soil unit weight, ws = 21 kN/m3
Soil bearing capacity, SBC For (DC -004), = 100 KPa Assumed
Soil coefficient against sliding, = 0.4

Factors of Safety:
Against overturning, F.S(O.T) = 2
Against sliding, F.S(SLIDING) = 1.5
Against uplift, F.S(U) = 1.1

Load Factors and Constants:

Per AASHTO Standard Specifications, 16th Ed.
Dead load, DL = 1.3
Traffic Wheel Live load, LL = 2.171
Earth Pressure on Walls = 0.65
Beta, = 0.75
Phi, = 0.9
Per ACI 318-05, (Load Combination 9-7) =
Dead load, DL = 0.9
Earthquake Forces = 1.00
Earth Pressure on Walls = 1.6

REFERENCES:
A. MOT - Highway Design Manual, Structural Design Specifications Volume - 3
B. AASHTO Standard Specifications For Highway Bridges 16th Edition
C. Foundation Analysis and Design by Joseph E. Bowles 4th Edition
D. Building Code Requirements for Reinf. Concrete with Commentary ACI 318M
E. Addendum, RGME Geotechnical investigation final draft report dated October 2012.

SOFTWARES: STAAD Pro , MS Excel

3.0 STRUCTURAL MODEL

3.0 STRUCTURAL MODEL

4.0 LOAD CALCULATION

Design Lane Width & Wheel Load Distribution:
Road way width L = 22 mts.
Std. width of each lane, ls = 3.65 mts.
Number of design lanes, ld = L/3.65
= 6.03 > 2.83
say 6 lanes

Design lane width, lw = L/6

= 3.667 mts.
MOC Design Trucks & Lane Loads:
3 - Axle 600 kN (61.2 T) Truck Per Lane

Wwdl =
Top of culvert
450

Design lane width

hf = 0.85 3.667 w
l =

1.700

Uniform wheel load distribution:

hf = 0.85 mt. > 0.61 mt. or 2 ft
Width of equivalent uniform distributed load, wdwl = 1.75hf AASHTO 6.4.1
= 1.488 mts
However, consider 45 vertical angle pressure distribution to top of culvert below. Hence, use
o

Width of equivalent uniform distributed load, wdwl = 1.70 mts

80 kN 4.30 260 kN 4.30 260 kN

130 kN 1.80 130 kN

TOA TOA

TOC 0.85
 TOC 0.85
TOC 0.85

1.7 1.7 1.7 0.85 0.85

3.50

Load per axle = 260 kN

Wheel load pressure on culvert:
Average intensity of load = 2*130/(1.7 * 3.50) = 43.70 kN/m2
320 kN (32.62 T) Hypothetical Single Axle Load Per Lane

320 kN 160 kN 1.80 160 kN

TOA
TOA

0.85 TOC 0.85

TOC
0.8 0.85
5 0.85 0.85
1.7
3.50

Load per axle = 320 kN

Wheel load pressure on culvert:
Average intensity of load = 2*160 / (1.70* 3.50) = 53.8 kN/m2
Standard Lane-Load Per Lane
Lane load: udl = 20/lw
= 5.45 kN/m2
Live load: Moment = 150 kN Shear = 220 kN
Maximum shear, Vmax = 220/lw
= 60.0 kN/m
Maximum moment, Mmax = 150/lw
= 40.91 kN/m
Wheel Loads Summary:
Wheel Pressure
Wheel Pressure on Culvert Code &
Load Type Width Std.
Magnification factor Live load surcharge on wall
Total
Standard Wheel Loads:
260 kN 3.5 N/A 43.70 19.90 43.70 MOT
320 kN 3.5 N/A 53.8 24.49 53.8 MOT
Standard Lane Load:
5.4 N/A 5.45 2.48 5.45 MOT
Live:
60kN/m 5.4 N/A 35.29 16.07 35.29 MOT
40.9kN/m 5.4 N/A 24.06 10.96 24.06 MOT

Weight of fill and Road structure on culvert: wfill

 For an average 0.85 mts. cover on top of culvert.
Height of fill on culvert, hf = 0.6 mt
hf gap
Asphalt pavement, hap = 0.25 mt
Wt of asphalt , Wap = 21 kN/m3 Ta
Unit weight of dry soil, w = 19 kN/m3
Hwc
Thickness of culvert base, Tf = 0.5 mt
Culvert wall height, Hwc = 1.3 mt
Top of arch to top of wall, Ta = 0.85 mt Tf
Total Height of earth = 3.5 mt
Culvert Exterior Wall Thickness = 0.35 mt
Culvert Interior Wall Thickness = 0.35 mt
Roof Arch Thickness = 0.35 mt

Wt of asphalt pavement, ws = wap * hap

= 5.25 kN/m2
Weight of fill on culvert, ws = w * hf
= 11.4 kN/m2
Tot. wt of pavement & road fill Tp+r
= 16.65 kN/m2
NOTE: Due to extra gap between culverts and fill, the load is increasing up to 25%
Hence, Tot. wt of pavement & road fill Tp+r = 20.813 kN/m2
Wt. of concrete barrier = 0.505 * 24
= 12.12 kN/m
Wt of security fence = 1.34 kN/m
(post and chain link)
Earth Pressure on culvert Wall:
For rigid wall
Total height of culvert Hcul = 3 mt
Angle of internal friction :ф = 33 degrees
Earth pressure coeff. At rest ko = 1-sinф
= 0.455
Soil Pressure at Bottom of Base
P1 = w*ko*1*(Ht. of earth) = 30.28 kN/m
Soil Pressure at top of culvert wall
P1a = = 13.84 kN/m P1
a

Surcharge due to maximum wheel load :

P2 = 53.8 * ko = 24.5 kN/m2
P
soil pressure load on parapet ph 1

= 0.4 mt. high parapet wall

P3 = w * ko * ph * 1.0 = 3.461 kN/m2 (worst condition)
5.0 LOADING DIAGRAMS
6.0 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN RESULT
BY STAAD PRO
7.0 STAAD PRO JOB INFORMATION
8.0 STAAD PRO RESULT PRINT OUTPUT
 9.0 DESIGN CALCULATION

Design Checks for Plain concrete:

Exterior Wall:

a. Out-of-plane Shear (Maximum of SQx or SQy)

Plate Number : 1604 Page No. 68 of 88 STAAD PRINT OUTPUT
Element Number 202
Wall Thickness = 350 mm
SQX
Effec. Depth. = 300 mm
Max Out-of-plane Shear Stress (SQx) 49.43 kPa
Maximum out-of-plane Shear, Vu = 17.30 kN
Membrane Stress, Sx, (Nu/Ag) = 348 kPa X
SQy

Allowable ØVc = 0.75 [ 1/6√f'c (b)(d)][1+Nu/14Ag]

Y
ØVc = 210.50 > 17.30
OK
b. In-plane Shear, Sxy (along local X-axis) ACI 318 Section 11.9.6
Plate Number : 1802 Page No. 69 of 88 STAAD PRINT OUTPUT
Element Number 201
SQX
Wall Thickness = 350 mm
Effec. Depth. = 300 mm
Max In plane Shear Stress (Sxy) = 454.61 kPa
(From STAAD Element Stresses)
Maximum In plane Shear, Vuxy = 159.11 kN/m X
SQy
Membrane Stress Normal to section, Sx = 240.36 kPa
= 72.11 kN/m Y

d = 0.8 lw 800 lw = 1000 mm

Allowable ØVc = 0.75 [ 0.27√f'c (h)(d)][1+Nud/4lw]
ØVc = 310.57 > 159.11 lw
OK

c. bending strength check

Plate Number : 1604 Page No. 68 of 88 STAAD PRINT OUTPUT
Element Number 202
Wall Thickness = 350 mm
MX
Effec. Depth. = 300 mm
Max. Moment Mx = 11 kN-m/m
bending strength, øMn ≥ Mu As per ACI 318 section 22.5.1
Ø= 0.6 (plain concrete strength reduction factor) X
S = bh2/6 S= 0.020 m3 My Y
ØMn = Ø *0.42 sqrt(f'c) S
ØMn = 28.18 kN-m
>
Mu = 11.00 SAFE

d:Plain concrete members subject to combined flexure and axial load:

Plate Number : 1604 Page No. 68 of 88 STAAD PRINT OUTPUT
Element Number 202
Max. SX or SY = 613 kpa
Max Pu = S * h = 214.55 kN
On compression face;
Section 22.5.3 of ACI-318;
compression strength,
where:
Ø= 0.6 (plain concrete strength reduction factor)
ℓc = 1.3 mts (length of member from supports)
h= 0.35 mts (overall thickness of member)
b= 1 mts
Ag = 0.35 m2

Ø Pn = 0.45 f'c[1-(lc/32h)2] Ag

Ø Pn = 4661.34 kN
>
Pu = 214.55 SAFE
therefore, On compression face
Pu / ØPn + Mu /ØMn ≤ 1.0
214.55 + 11.00 = 0.436 < 1.00
4661.34 28.18 SAFE

On tension face:
Mu / S - Pu /Ag ≤ 0.42 sqrt(f'c)
11.00 - 214.55 = -0.074 < 2.30 Mpa
0.020 0.35 SAFE

e: Check for shear: Section ACI 22.5.4

Ø Vn = Ø 0.11 sqrt(f'c)bh
Ø Vn = 301.19 > 49.43 kN
SAFE

Culvert Base Slab:

a. bending strength check

Plate Number : 1644 Page No. 75 of 88 STAAD PRINT OUTPUT
Element Number 202
Slab Thickness = 500 mm
Effec. Depth. = 450 mm Y
Max. Moment Mx = 24 kN-m/m
X M
bending strength, øMn ≥ Mu As per ACI 318 section 22.5.1
x
Ø= 0.6 (plain concrete strength reduction factor)
S = bh2/6 S= 0.042 m3
M
ØMn = Ø *0.42 sqrt(f'c) S y

ØMn = 57.51 kN-m

>
Mu = 24.00 SAFE
Shear
Base Slab Foundation
Plate Number : 1644 Page No. 75 of 88 STAAD PRINT OUTPUT
Element Number 201
Slab Thickness = 500 mm
Effec. Depth. = 450 mm
Y
Maximum Shear Stress (SQx) 143 kN
Maximum Shear, Vu (SQx) = 71.5 kN X SQx

Allowable ØVc = 0.75 [ 1/6√f'c (b)(d)]

SQy
ØVc = 308.09 > 71.5
OK
Culvert Arch Roof Slab:
c. bending strength check
Plate Number : 1473 Page No. 43 of 88 STAAD PRINT OUTPUT
Element Number 201
Wall Thickness = 350 mm
MX
Effec. Depth. = 300 mm
Max. Moment Mx = 16.5 kN-m/m
bending strength, øMn ≥ Mu As per ACI 318 section 22.5.1
X
Ø= 0.6 (plain concrete strength reduction factor)
S= 0.020
My Y
S = bh2/6 m3
ØMn = Ø *0.42 sqrt(f'c) S
ØMn = 28.18 kN-m
>
Mu = 16.50 SAFE

d:Plain concrete members subject to combined flexure and axial load:

Plate Number : 1473 Page No. 43 of 88 STAAD PRINT OUTPUT
Element Number 201
Max. SX or SY = 680 kpa
Max Pu = S * h = 238 kN Y
Max Qx or Qy = 93.28 kPa
Vu = Q * h = 32.648 kN X SQx
On compression face;
Section 22.5.3 of ACI-318;
compression strength, SQy
where:
Ø= 0.6 (plain concrete strength reduction factor)
ℓc = 1.5 mts (length of member from supports)
h= 0.35 mts (overall thickness of member)
b= 1 mts
Ag = 0.35 m2

Ø Pn = 0.45 f'c[1-(lc/32h)2] Ag

Ø Pn = 4640.25 kN
>
Pu = 238.00 SAFE
therefore, On compression face
Pu / ØPn + Mu /ØMn ≤ 1.0
238.00 + 16.50 = 0.637 < 1.00
4640.25 28.18 SAFE
On tension face:
Mu / S - Pu /Ag ≤ 0.42 sqrt(f'c)
16.50 - 238.00 = 0.128 < 2.30 Mpa
0.020 0.35 SAFE

Check for shear; ACI 22.5.4

Ø Vn = Ø 0.11 sqrt(f'c)bh
Ø Vn = 1265.24 > 32.65 kN
SAFE

Development Length and Dowel Calculations:

Required minimum dowels
ACI 15.8, 14.2.8, & 14.3.2 (For Culvert Walls)
As(required) = 0.0012 * Ag
As(required) = 210 mm2
dia of bar = 16 mm
No. of bar = 2
As(provided) = 402.12 mm2

#REF!
Required development length
ldb = 1.2 * dbFy / 4μ (basic dev't length) 275.172 say 500mm
where:
Fy = 665 Mpa (Yield strength of GFRP 16mmØ (#5) bar)s
μ= 11.6 Mpa (recommended maximum bond stress based on results from pull out test)
db = 16 bar diameter, mm
1.2 Factor for reserve strength above Fy to maintain ductility (same as with steel)

10.0 BASE PRESSURE SUMMARY

provide of