Assignment 5
Report on Range, Variance and Standard
Deviation
This report presents an analysis of 100 randomly generated data points. In which we
• Determine the range, variance, and standard deviation of the dataset.
• Convert the data into grouped form and calculate variance and standard
deviation.
• Compare the results of raw and grouped data analysis.
1. Generating Random Data
In Excel, we generated 100 random data points using the formula
=RANDBETWEEN(bottom, top), where bottom and top numbers are 0 and 100
respectively. We fixed those 100 numbers using command
Ctrl+C→Shift+f10→Shift+V.
2. Finding Range, Variance, and Standard Deviation of Raw
Data
• Range is the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the
dataset. It is calculated using formula =MAX() - MIN()
Where maximum number is found using formula =MAX(data points)
And minimum number is found using formula =MIN(data points)
• Variance: Variance measures the average squared deviation of each data point
from the mean. For sample and population variance the formulas are repectively:
Where, n = total no. of observations
x = data point
x bar = mean
• Standard Deviation: Standard deviation measures the dispersion of data points
from the mean, indicating how spread out the values are. It is equals to the
square root of the variance value.
Mean 50.86868687
Median 56
Mode 58
Maximum 100
Minimum 0
Range 100
Variance 947.625627
Std Deviation 30.7835285
[Link] Data Conversion and Calculations
The data was grouped into intervals and frequencies were counted using the
formula =COUNTIFS(numbers,”>=lower limit”,numbers,”<upper limit”).
• Variance: For grouped data population and sample Variance are found using the
formula respectively:
Where:
S² and Sigma² = Variance
fi = Frequencies
xi = Mid points
x baar = Mean
N or n = Sum of frequencies
• Standard Deviation: It is equals to the square root of the variance value, same
as we calculated for ungrouped data.
Frequency Mid point fixi Cumulative
Group (fi) (xi) frequency xi - Mean (xi - Mean)² fi*(xi - Mean)²
0 - 10 12 5 60 12 -45.9 2106.81 25281.72
10 -- 20 7 15 105 19 -35.9 1288.81 9021.67
20 - 30 14 25 350 33 -25.9 670.81 9391.34
30 - 40 9 35 315 42 -15.9 252.81 2275.29
40 - 50 5 45 225 47 -5.9 34.81 174.05
50 - 60 10 55 550 57 4.1 16.81 168.1
60 - 70 12 65 780 69 14.1 198.81 2385.72
70 - 80 8 75 600 77 24.1 580.81 4646.48
80 - 90 8 85 680 85 34.1 1162.81 9302.48
90 - 100 15 95 1425 100 44.1 1944.81 29172.15
total 100 5090 91819
Mean(M) 50.9
Variance 918.19
Std deviation 30.30165012
[Link] of Results
Comparing the variance and standard deviation of raw and grouped data, it was
observed that, the variance of the grouped data was slightly lower than those of
the raw data and standard deviation of the grouped data is nearly equal to that of
the raw data.
Conclusion
This analysis demonstrated the calculation of statistical measures using both raw and
grouped data. Grouped data provides slightly underestimated variance and standard
deviation values as compared to the values of raw data. For example, in this case
Variance of ungrouped is 947.625627 and for grouped data is 918.19, while standard
deviation of ungrouped data is 30.7835285 and for grouped data is 30.30165012. Thus,
when high accuracy is required, analysing raw data is preferred, whereas grouped data
is more suitable for summarizing large datasets in a simplified manner.