STD 10 Maths Total Marks : 20
Chapter :- 1 to 4
Section A
* Choose the right answer from the given options. [1 Marks Each] [5]
1. The prime factorisation of 3
13
−3
10
is
(A) 3 13
× 2 × 13 (B) 3 11
× 2 × 13 (C) 310
× 2 × 13 (D) None of these
13 10 10 3 10
(c) : 3 −3 = 3 (3 − 1) = 3 (26)
Ans. : 10
= 3 × 2 × 13
2. If the pair of equations 3x − y + 8 = 0 and 6x − ry + 16 = 0 represent comcident
lines, then the value of r is
(A) − 1
2
(B) 1
2
(C) 2 (D) -2
Ans. : (C) 1
Equations 3x − y + 8 = 0 and 6x − ry + 16 = 0 represent coincident lines.
3 −1 8 1 1
= = ⇒ = ⇒ r = 2
6 −r 16 2 r
3. Which of the following equations has two distinct roots?
–
(A) 2x 2
− 3√2x +
9
4
= 0
(B) x 2
+x−5 = 0
–
(C) x 2
+ 3x + 2√2 = 0
(D) 5x 2
− 3x + 1 = 0
Ans. : B
–
4. The zeros of the polynomial 4x
2
+ 5√2x − 3 are:
– –
a. −3√2, √2
b.
– √2
−3√2,
2
c.
−3 √2 √2
,
2 4
d. None of these.
Ans. :
c.
−3 √2 √2
,
2 4
Solution:
2
–
f(x) = 4x + 5√2x − 3
Page 1
2
– –
= 4x + 6√2x − √2x − 3
– – –
= 2√2x(√2x + 3) − 1(√2x + 3)
– –
= (2√2x − 1)(√2x + 3)
∴ f(x) = 0
– –
⇒ (2√2x − 1)(√2x + 3) = 0
or
– –
⇒ 2√2x − 1 = 0 √2x + 3 = 0
⇒ x =
2 √2
1
or x = −
3
√2
or
√2 3 √2
⇒ x = x = −
4 2
So, the zeros of given polynomial are and
√2 3 √2
−
4 2
5. If 2x
−
y
+
1
and
= 0
x
+
2y
= 3 then:
3 2 6 2 3
a. x= 2, y = 3
b. x= -2, y = 3
c. x= 2, y = -3
d. x= -2, y = -3
Ans. :
a. x = 2, y = 3
Solution:
2x y 1
− + = 0
3 2 6
Multiply by the LCM, 6.
⇒ 4x - 3y + 1 = 0
⇒ 4x - 3y = -1 ....(i)
x 2y
+ = 3
2 3
Multiply by the LCM, 6.
3x + 4y = 18 ...(ii)
Multiply equation (i) and (ii) by 4 and 3 respectively.
16x - 12y = -4 ...(iii)
9x + 12y = 54 ...(iv)
Adding equations (iii) and (iv), we get
25x = 50
⇒x=2
Substituting x = 2 in (ii), we get y = 3.
* Answer the following questions in one sentence. [1 Marks Each] [3]
6. For what value of k, - 4 is a zero of the polynomial x
2
− x − (2k + 2)?
Ans. : 9
7. Find the discriminant of the quadratic equation – 2 –
3√3x + 10x + √3 = 0
Ans. : 64
Page 2
8. Classify the following number as rational or irrational:
–
(5 + 3√2)
Ans. : Let be rational.
–
5 + 3√2
Hence, 5 and are rational.
–
5 + 3√2
rational Difference of two rational is rational]
– –
∴ (5 + 3√2 − 2) = 3√2 = [∵
rational Product of two rational is rational]
1
– –
∴ × 3√2 = √2 = [∵
3
This contradicts the fact that is irrational.
–
√2
The contradiction arises by assuming is rational.
–
5 + 3√2
Hence, is irrational.
–
5 + 3√2
Section B
* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [8]
9. Determine the nature of the root of the following quadratic equation:
3 2 2
x − x+1 = 0
5 3
Ans. : 3
5
x
2
−
2
3
x+1 = 0
The given quadratic equation is 3
5
2
x −
2
3
x+1 = 0 can also be written as 9x2 - 10x +
15 = 0
Here, a = 9, b = -10, c = 15
⇒ D = b2 - 4ac
⇒ D = (-10)2 - 4 × 15 × 9
⇒ D = 100 - 540
⇒ D = -440 < 0
∴ as D > 0, the equation has no real roots.
10. Find the greatest number of four digits which is exactly divisible by 15, 24 and
36.
Ans. : The greatest number four digit number = 9999
15 = 3 × 5
24 = 23 × 3
36 = 22 × 32
LCM = 23 × 32 × 5
= 360
On dividing 9999 by 360, remainder = 279
∴ the required number = 9999 - 279 = 9720
11. If one zero of the polynomial (a2 + 9)x2 + 13x + 6a is the reciprocal of the other,
find the value of a.
Page 3
Ans. : (a2 + 9)x2 + 13x + 6a = 0
Here, A = (a2 + 9), B = 13 and C = 6a
Let α and α
1
be the two zeros.
Then, product of the zeros =
C
1 6a
⇒ α, = 2
α a +9
6a
⇒ 1 = 2
a +9
⇒ a2 + 9 = 6a
⇒ a2 - 6a + 9 = 0
⇒ a2 - 2 × a × 3 + 3 2 = 0
⇒ (a - 3)2 = 0
⇒a-3=0
⇒a=3
12. Very-Short and Short-Answer Questions:
For what value of k will the following pair of linear equations have no solution?:
2x + 3y = 9, 6x + (k - 2)y = (3k - 2)
Ans. : The given pair of linear equation are:
2x + 3y - 9 = 0 ...(i)
6x + (k - 2)y - (3k - 2) = 0 ...(ii)
Which is of the form a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0,
where a1 = 2, b1 = 3, c1 = -9, a2 = 6, b2 = k - 2 and c2 = -(3k - 2)
For the given pair of linear equations to have no solution, we must have
a1 b1 c1
= ≠
a2 b2 c2
2 3 −9
⇒ = ≠
6 k−2 −(3k−2)
2 3 3 −9
⇒ = , ≠
6 k−2 k−2 −(3k−2)
3 9
⇒ k = 11, ≠
k−2 (3k−2)
⇒ k = 11, 3(3k − 2) ≠ 9(k − 2)
⇒ k = 11, 1 ≠ 3 (true)
Hence, k = 11.
Section D
* Given section consists of questions of 5 marks each. [4]
13. Prove that –
√5 is irrational.
Ans. : Let us prove irrational by contradiction.
–
√5
Let us suppose that is rational. It means that we have co-prime integers a and b
–
√5
(b ≠ 0)
Such that
– a
√5 =
b
b =a
–
⇒ √5
Squaring both sides, we get
⇒ 5b 2 =a 2 ... (1)
It means that 5 is factor of a2
Hence, 5 is also factor of a by Theorem. ... (2)
If, 5 is factor of a , it means that we can write a = 5c for some integer c .
Substituting value of a in (1) ,
5b2 = 25c2
⇒ b2 =5c2
It means that 5 is factor of b2 .
Hence, 5 is also factor of b by Theorem. ... (3)
From (2) and (3) , we can say that 5 is factor of both a and b .
But, a and b are co-prime .
Therefore, our assumption was wrong. cannot be rational. Hence, it is
–
√5
irrational.
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