Academic year: 2024-2025
Menoufia University
Semester: Second semester
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department Course title: Irrigation structures
design (II) CVE 422
Coursework Two: weirs
(1) Successive weirs at are used to control the water slope along a canal at a steep
land with slope 1.0 m/km. The required water slope is 12 cm/km and the maximum
allowable drop at any weir is 2.2 m.
A. Calculate the distance between two successive weirs.
B. Calculate the actual drop if the distance between two successive weirs is 2.0 km.
(2) A submerged weir is 3.5 m wide. The heads of water on the upstream and
downstream side of the weir are 60 cm and 25 cm respectively. Determine the
discharge over the weir. (Cd = 0.62)
(3) A Fayoum type weir 8.5 m wide is to be constructed across a trapezoidal canal
to discharge a flow of 10.0 m3/sec. If the maximum depth of water on the upstream
side of the weir is to be 2.5 m. What is the height of the weir in this case?
(4) A Nasbah system for water distribution in Fayoum is constructed at a main canal
‘A’ in order to divide the water flow through three branch canals “b, c, d”. The
ratios for the area served by the three canals “b, c, d” are 2:3:1 respectively.
Given the following data:
Qmax & Qmin for canal ‘A’ 80.0 & 35.0 m3/sec
High water level U.S. the weir ‘b’ (12.00)
Low water level U.S. the weir ‘b’ (11.35)
Water depth D.S. the canal ‘d’ 3.0 m
Smax for canals “b, c, d” 3/5, 2/5, 4/5
Discharge equation q = 2.0 H1.5
A. Find the sill level for the weirs “b, c, d”
B. Find the width of the weirs “b, c, d”
C. Find the high-water level D.S. the weirs “b, c, d”
1
Academic year: 2024-2025
Menoufia University
Semester: Second semester
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department Course title: Irrigation structures
design (II) CVE 422
(5) A standing wave weir is to be constructed at the downstream of a head regulator
for measuring the discharge with minimum drop in water surface according to
the following data:
Maximum water discharge 15.0 m3/sec
Water level U.S. the weir (19.00)
Bed level U.S. the weir (16.80)
Berm level U.S. the weir (19.50)
Road level U.S. the weir (21.00)
Bed width of the canal 8.0 m
Side slopes of the canal 3:2
It is required to:
A. Make a complete hydraulic design for the weir.
B. Calculate the full dimensions of the floor according to scouring and
percolation, (CB = 15).
(6) A clear over-fall weir is to be constructed at a given drop site of a canal. The
maximum and minimum passing discharges through the canal are 12.0 and 7.5
m3/sec respectively. Given the following data:
Item U.S. the weir D.S. the weir
High water level (15.25) (13.85)
Low water level - (13.35)
Bed level (13.35) (11.85)
Bed width 6.0 m 6.0 m
Side slopes 2:1 2:1
Road level (17.50) (16.25)
Berm level (15.85) (14.60)
It is required to:
A. Make a complete hydraulic design for the weir
B. Find and draw the canal cross section U.S. the weir
2
Academic year: 2024-2025
Menoufia University
Semester: Second semester
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department Course title: Irrigation structures
design (II) CVE 422
C. Give the full dimensions of the floor considering scouring and percolation
aspects, (CB = 14)
D. Check the floor weight against the total uplift pressures.
(7) A group of successive clear over-fall weirs are to be constructed to control the
water slope in a canal at steep land as canal falls. The designed cross section
of the canal is given in the figure below. Given that:
o The average initial slope of the area is 75 cm/km
o The required water slope for the canal is 10 cm/km
o The distance between each two successive weirs is 2.0 km
o The maximum and minimum canal discharges are 9.2& 5.0 m3/sec, respectively
o The required high and low downstream water levels for the first weirs are (10.00)
and (9.68) respectively.
It is required to:
A. Draw a longitudinal section showing the canal falls levels.
B. For the first weir, make a complete hydraulic design of the weir.
(8) Answer the following questions with aid of neat sketches:
A. Discuss the different methods to increase percolation length
B. What are the different classifications of weirs?
C. List the main functions for weirs.
D. Illustrate how can weirs be used to decrease water slope in canals.