Slab Design

Prepared by:
Shafinul Islam
Lecturer (Adjunct)
Leading University, Sylhet
 Table of Contents
Problem:........................................................................................................................................................ 1
Slab information: ...................................................................................................................................... 1
Answer .......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Load Calculation ............................................................................................................................................ 2
Moment Calculation ..................................................................................................................................... 3
Reinforcement Calculation ........................................................................................................................... 4
At section 01: ............................................................................................................................................ 4
At section 02: ............................................................................................................................................ 4
At section 03: ............................................................................................................................................ 4
At section 04: ............................................................................................................................................ 5
At Section 05: ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Bar Spacing.................................................................................................................................................... 5
At section 02 ............................................................................................................................................. 6
At section 01 ............................................................................................................................................. 6
At section 04 ............................................................................................................................................. 6
At section 03 ............................................................................................................................................. 6
As= 0.13 in2/ft (LEFT)............................................................................................................................. 6
As= 0.14 in2/ft (RIGHT) .......................................................................................................................... 7
At section 05 ............................................................................................................................................. 7
As= 0.13 in2/ft (LEFT)............................................................................................................................. 7
As= 0.14 in2/ft (RIGHT) .......................................................................................................................... 7
Final Outcome ............................................................................................................................................... 8
Problem:
Design slab as shown in figure 01 (Use USD)

Figure 01: Slab Plan View

Slab information:
fy= 60 ksi
fc’=3 ksi
Live Load= 60 psf
Floor Finish= 25 psf

Answer
𝐿𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 27
Determination of the type of slab: 𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = = 2.25 > 2; It is a one-way slab.
12

For S1 and S2,

6 5
Clear length l= 12- 12 − = 11.083 ft
12

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 Figure 02: A-A’ cross-section

Figure 02: Cross section of A-A’ section

Table 01: Thickness criterion for one-way slab system
The minimum thickness value for one-way slab to control deflection (ACI [Link])
Element Simply One End Both Ends Cantilever
Supported Continuous Continuous

One- Way Slab 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙 𝑙

20 24 28 10

Where, l= clear span of the slab

11.083 𝑥 12
For one end continuous, thickness= = 5.54", say 6”
24

Here d can be taken as 5” and 1” as clear cover.

𝑓𝑦 60
Multiplying factor= 0.4+ 100= 0.4+ 100= 0.4+ 0.6=1.0 (Generally used in USD design; the
multiplication factor to be multiplied with the slab thickness)

Load Calculation
Dead Loads
Floor Finish= 25 psf
6
Slab Self Weight = 12 𝑥150= 75 psf
Total Dead- Load= (25+75) = 100 psf
Total Factored Load= (1.2x 100) + (1.6x 60) =216 lb/ft2= 0.216 ksf

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 Figure 03: Moment Co-efficient at critical sections according to the ACI code for USD design

Moment Calculation
Section 01:
M=0
Section 02:
1
M2= 11x 0.216x122=2.83 k-ft/ft

Section 03:
1
M3= 10x 0.216x122=3.11 k-ft/ft (LEFT)
1
M3= 11x 0.216x122=2.83 k-ft/ft (RIGHT)

Section 04:
1
M4= 16x 0.216x122=1.134 k-ft/ft

Section 05:
1
M5= 11x 0.216x122=2.83 k-ft/ft (LEFT)
1
M5= x 0.216x62=3.89 k-ft/ft (RIGHT)
2

Among the sections the maximum moment is 3.89 k-ft/ft

Reinforcement Ratio:

ρ 0.005= 0.85 x β1 x
𝑓𝑐 ′
𝑓𝑦
𝑥
∈𝑢
∈𝑢+0.005

3 0.003
= 0.85 x 0.85 x 60x 0.003+ 0.005

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 = 0.0135
Check for the depth:
𝑓𝑦
M= 𝜑𝜌𝑓𝑦𝑏d2(1-0.59𝜌 𝑓𝑐 ′)
60
 3.89x12= 0.9x0.0135x60x10xd2x(1-0.59x0.0135x 3 ); Here maximum moment has been
taken among the sections.
 d = 2.76”<6” (Okay)

Reinforcement Calculation
Minimum Reinforcement (shrinkage reinforcement):
As(min)= 0.0018 x b x d= 0.0018 x 12 x 6 = 0.13 in2/ft
At section 01: Moment = 0, As= 0.13in2/ft (minimum reinforcement)
At section 02:
Moment = 2.83 k-ft/ft= 33.96 k-in/ft
𝒂 𝑨𝒔𝒇𝒚
Mu= 0.9Asfy(d-𝟐) a=𝟎.𝟖𝟓𝒇𝒄′ 𝒃
𝒂
 As= Mu/0.9fy(d-𝟐)
Taking a=2, As= 0.16 0.37
0.13 0.3
0.13 0.3

As= 0.13 in2/ft

At section 03:
Moment = 3.11 k-ft/ft= 37.32 k-in/ft (LEFT)
𝒂 𝑨𝒔𝒇𝒚
Mu= 0.9Asfy(d-𝟐) a=𝟎.𝟖𝟓𝒇𝒄′ 𝒃
𝒂
 As= Mu/0.9fy(d-𝟐)
Taking a=2, As= 0.17 0.4
0.14 0.33
0.14 0.33

As= 0.14 in2/ft

Moment = 2.83 k-ft/ft= 33.96 k-in/ft (RIGHT)
𝒂 𝑨𝒔𝒇𝒚
Mu= 0.9Asfy(d-𝟐) a=𝟎.𝟖𝟓𝒇𝒄′ 𝒃
𝒂
 As= Mu/0.9fy(d-𝟐)
Taking a=2, As= 0.16 0.37
0.13 0.3
0.13 0.3
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As= 0.13 in2/ft
At section 04:
Moment = 1.134 k-ft/ft
Note that for moment= 2.83 k-ft/ft the required reinforcement is 0.13 in2/ft, the minimum
reinforcement for this problem. As 2.83 k-ft/ft >1.134 k-ft/ft, the concerning As= 0.13 in2/ft
At Section 05:
Moment = 2.83 k-ft/ft= 33.96 k-in/ft (LEFT)
𝒂 𝑨𝒔𝒇𝒚
Mu= 0.9Asfy(d-𝟐) a=
𝒂 𝟎.𝟖𝟓𝒇𝒄′ 𝒃
 As= Mu/0.9fy(d-𝟐)
Taking a=2, As= 0.16 0.37
0.13 0.3
0.13 0.3

As= 0.13 in2/ft

Moment = 3.89 k-ft(RIGHT)

𝒂 𝑨𝒔𝒇𝒚
Mu= 0.9Asfy(d-𝟐) A=𝟎.𝟖𝟓𝒇𝒄′ 𝒃
𝒂
 As= Mu/0.9fy(d-𝟐)
Taking a=2, As= 0.173 0.41
0.14 0.33
0.14 0.33

As= 0.14 in2/ft

Bar Spacing
At long Direction: 3 x t= 3x 6 =18” or
18”
Therefore the bar spacing in the long direction is 18” c/c
At short direction:
Spacing = 5t= 5x6”=30” or 18”, the spacing is 18” (maximum)

Minimum Reinforcement (main reinforcement):

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The reinforcement calculated for the temperature reinforcement as 0.13 in2/ft. The main
reinforcement should not be smaller than the temperature reinforcement.
0.13 in2 is needed in 12”
12
1.0 in2 is needed in 0.13”
12𝑥 0.11
0.11 in2 is needed in ”= 10”
0.13
#3@10” c/c as minimum reinforcement for the main reinforcement.
At section 02
As= 0.13 in2/ft
0.13 in2 reinforcement is needed in 12-inch
12
1 in2 reinforcement is needed in 0.13 inch
12
0.11 in2 reinforcement is needed in 0.13 x0.11 inch= 10.15” say 10”

#3@10” c/c alternatively cranked bar.

At section 01
As= 0.13 in2/ft
#3 @ (10x2)=20” c/c is already provided
In 12-inch reinforcement needed 0.13 in2
0.13
In 1-inch reinforcement needed inch
12
0.13𝑥20
In 20-inch reinforcement needed inch=0.22 in2
12

Extra reinforcement required= 0.22-0.11= 0.11 in2/ft

1#3 extra top bar
At section 04
As= 0.13 in2/ft
0.13 in2 reinforcement is needed in 12-inch
12
1 in2 reinforcement is needed in 0.13 inch
12
0.11 in2 reinforcement is needed in 0.13 x0.11 inch= 10.15” say 10”

#3@10” c/c alternatively cranked bar.

At section 03
As= 0.13 in2/ft (LEFT)
#3@20” c/c already provided (from section 02)

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In 12-inch reinforcement needed 0.13 in2
0.13
In 1-inch reinforcement needed inch
12
0.13𝑥20
In 20-inch reinforcement needed inch=0.22 in2
12

Extra reinforcement required= 0.22-0.11= 0.11 in2/ft

1#3 extra top bar

As= 0.14 in2/ft (RIGHT)

#3@20” c/c already provided
In 12-inch reinforcement needed 0.14 in2
0.13
In 1-inch reinforcement needed inch
12
0.14𝑥20
In 20-inch reinforcement needed inch=0.23 in2
12

Extra reinforcement required= 0.23-0.11= 0.12 in2/ft

1#3 extra top bar

At section 05
As= 0.13 in2/ft (LEFT)
#3@20” c/c already provided
In 12-inch reinforcement needed 0.13 in2
0.13
In 1-inch reinforcement needed inch
12
0.13𝑥20
In 20-inch reinforcement needed inch=0.216 in2
12

Extra reinforcement required= 0.216-0.11= 0.106 in2/ft

1#3 extra top bar

As= 0.14 in2/ft (RIGHT)

#3@20” c/c already provided
In 12-inch reinforcement needed 0.14 in2
0.14
In 1-inch reinforcement needed 12
inch

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 0.14𝑥20
In 20-inch reinforcement needed inch=0.233 in2
12

Extra reinforcement required= 0.233-0.11= 0.123 in2/ft

1#3 extra top bar

Final Outcome

Figure 04: Reinforcement Detailing of Slab

THE END
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