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Essential Fasteners and Joints Guide

The document provides an overview of various mechanical components used for joining, including nuts, bolts, washers, keys, gears, and different types of joints such as cottered, knuckle, and universal joints. It also describes bearings and their functions, detailing types like journal, pivot, and collar bearings. Each component is essential for ensuring stability, support, and the transfer of torque in mechanical systems.

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17 views3 pages

Essential Fasteners and Joints Guide

The document provides an overview of various mechanical components used for joining, including nuts, bolts, washers, keys, gears, and different types of joints such as cottered, knuckle, and universal joints. It also describes bearings and their functions, detailing types like journal, pivot, and collar bearings. Each component is essential for ensuring stability, support, and the transfer of torque in mechanical systems.

Uploaded by

abigailksirju17
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Nuts, bolts and washers:

Nuts bolts and washers are used to join two or more parts together through pre-drilled holes.

Nuts and Bolts:


Nuts and bolts are used in combination to hold two or more parts together. The body of the bolt,
called the shank, is cylindrical in form, the head; square or hexagonal in shape.

Stud Bolts:
Consists of a cylindrical shank with threads cut on both ends. It is used where there is no place
for accommodating the bolt head.

Tap Bolts:
Consists of a normal bolt with a head which can be screwed and held in place without a nut.

Set Screws
Used to prevent relative motion between two rotating parts.

Keys:
Keys are devices used to prevent relative motion and, at the same time, transfer torque between
rotating components.
Types of keys:
●​ Saddle key
●​ Flat saddle key
●​ Sunk key
●​ Taper sunk key
●​ Parallel or feather key
●​ Peg feather key
●​ Single headed feather key
●​ Double headed feather key
●​ Woodruff key
●​ Round key
​
Gears:
Gears are machine elements consisting of projections called teeth which are used to transfer
torque from one shaft to another.
Types of Gears:
●​ Spur
●​ Helical
●​ Bevel
●​ Worm gear
●​ Rack and pinion
Web:
Broad yet narrow, section of a beam or component which joins different sections of the
component at virtual right angles.

Rib:
Consists of spirals or rings inside or outside of pipe used for containment of pressure.

JOINTS
Cottered Joints:
A cotter is a flat wedge shaped piece of steel. Cotter joints are used to connect two rods along
their axes which are subjected to tensile or compressive forces.

Knuckle Joints:
A pin joint used to connect two circular rods. In this joint one rod is formed into an eye and the
connecting end into a fork. Both are connected by means of a knuckle pin which is locked in
place. Knuckle joints are used in automobile suspension links.

Universal Joints:
Are commonly used to transfer mechanical power between two shafts when their axes are at an
angle to each other. Typically used for rotary motion.

Riveted joints:
Riveting produces joints which are permanent and rigid and are used in such cases as
aboveground storage tanks and boilers.

Shaft coupling:
Involves connecting shafts together to allow both shafts to rotate and hence transmit power from
one shaft to the other.

Spigot and Socket Pipe Joint:


A pipe joint used for underground pipelines of large diameters where one end of a pipe is made
into a socket and the connecting end into a spigot.

BEARINGS
Bearings provide support, stability and smooth and free rotation of shafts within their housing.
Journal bearings:
Bearing where the load is perpendicular/ normal to the shaft axis.

Pivot of footstep bearing:


Bearings which support are vertical shafts under axial load where the shaft ends at the bearing.

Collar bearing:
Bearing which supports a horizontal shaft under the axial load.

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