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Prime Factorization and LCM Problems

The document contains a series of mathematical problems involving prime factorization, lowest common multiples, perfect squares, and perfect cubes. It also includes tasks related to finding common factors and distributing items among students. Additionally, there are sections on identifying real and irrational numbers from given sets.

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Joel Tan Yi Jie
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
27 views3 pages

Prime Factorization and LCM Problems

The document contains a series of mathematical problems involving prime factorization, lowest common multiples, perfect squares, and perfect cubes. It also includes tasks related to finding common factors and distributing items among students. Additionally, there are sections on identifying real and irrational numbers from given sets.

Uploaded by

Joel Tan Yi Jie
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Homework 3

1. (a) Express 60 and 72 as the product of their prime factors


(b) Find the lowest common multiple of 60 and 72
(c) Write down the smallest positive integer, m , such that 60 m is a perfect square
72
(d) Find the smallest positive integer n for which is a perfect cube
n

2. (a) Express 1764 as the product of its prime factors in index notation
(b) Using your answer in (a), explain why 1764 is a perfect square

Written as a product of its prime factors, 756=22 × 33 × 7


756
(c) Find the smallest positive integer n for which is a perfect square
n
(d) Find the greatest integer that will divide both 1764 and 756 exactly

3. Expressed as a product of its prime factors, 156=22 × 3× 13


(a) Express 90 as a product of its prime factors
(b) Find the lowest common multiple of 90 and 156
156
(c) The number is a perfect square. Find k
k
(d) The highest common factor of 156 and x is 26.
x is between 100 and 200.
Find the smallest possible value of x

4. (a) Express 450 as a product of its prime factors


(b) Mr Ng distributed 150 rulers, 450 pens and 350 pencils equally among his students
(i) Calculate the largest possible number of students in his class
(ii) Find the number of rulers, pens and pencils that were given to each student

5. (a) Write 2094 as a product of its prime factors


(b) Find the smallest positive integer value of k such that 2904 k is a perfect cube
(c) The highest common factor and lowest common multiple of two numbers are 10 and 120 respectively.
The two numbers are not 10 and 120.
Find the two numbers.

6. Given a set of numbers,


2
, √ −2 , π , 1.2222 ,−5.6
7
List all the
(a) Real numbers
(b) Irrational number(s)
7. Given a set of numbers,
π 100
,− √ 2 , π , , 1. 0̇ 1̇
3 99
(a) Write the numbers in order of size, starting with the smallest
(b) Write down all the irrational numbers.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.
7.

Common questions

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60 can be expressed as 2^2 x 3 x 5, and 72 can be expressed as 2^3 x 3^2. The lowest common multiple (LCM) can be found by taking the highest powers of all prime factors involved. Therefore, the LCM of 60 and 72 is 2^3 x 3^2 x 5 = 360.

1764 can be expressed as 2^2 × 3^2 × 7^2. A number is a perfect square if all the exponents in its prime factorization are even. Here, all exponents (2, 2, 2) are even, confirming that 1764 is a perfect square.

The greatest integer dividing both 1764 and 756 is found using their greatest common divisor (GCD). The prime factorization 1764 is 2^2 x 3^2 x 7^2, and for 756 it is 2^2 x 3^3 x 7. The GCD is given by the smallest power of common factors; hence it is 2^2 x 3^2 x 7 = 252.

The real numbers in the set include 2^7, π, 1.2222, and −5.6. Numbers like √−2 are not real because the square root of a negative number is not real, i.e., it's imaginary.

72 expressed as prime factors is 2^3 x 3^2. To be a perfect cube, all exponents in the factorization should be multiples of 3. Therefore, 3 needs another power, implying n must include one additional 3, so n = 3.

The irrational numbers in the set are π^3 and −√2. Any expression involving π is irrational, and the square root of any non-square number (here, 2) remains irrational. β² ≠ 1 is complicity here larger scholarly ex 100/99 and 1.˙0˙1 are rational.

To make 60m a perfect square, each prime factor must have an even exponent. 60 has prime factors 2^2 × 3 × 5. The exponent of 3 and 5 are odd, hence m must include at least one 3 and one 5. Therefore, m = 3 x 5 = 15.

The prime factorization of 2094 is needed to analyze cube completeness. Any factor's exponent in the factorization must be a multiple of 3. After factorization, if 2094 expresses any prime to an exponent less than three times an integer, k is calculated to raise those exponents to multiples of 3. This is done by including necessary primes in k.

With the highest common factor of 156 and x as 26, and 156 as 2^2 x 3 x 13, implies 26 = 2 x 13; hence x must include those factors as well. Checking candidates multiples of 26 yields 104 as the smallest between 100 and 200.

756 in prime factors is 2^2 x 3^3 x 7. For 756n to be a perfect square, each prime exponent needs to be even. Since 3 has an exponent of 3 and 7 of 1, n must include 3 and 7 for them both to have even exponents. Thus n = 3 x 7 = 21.

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