Solution

PRACTICE PAPER 1

Class 09 - Mathematics

1.
–
(d) √8
Explanation:
– −−−−−− − –
∵ √8 = √2 × 2 × 2 = 2√2

2.
(d) -14
Explanation:
x = 2, y = -2
x - yx-y = 2 - (-2)2-(-2)
= 2 - (-2)2+2
= 2 - (-2)4
= 2- (+16)
= 2 - 16
= -14

3. (a) 4

Explanation:
√48+ √32

√27+ √18

√4×4×3+ √4×4×2
=
√3×3×3+ √3×3×2

4√3+4√2
=
3√3+3√2

4( √3+ √2)
=
3( √3+ √2)

= 4

4.
(b) 5
Explanation:
1 1

5 3 × 5 3

2 1

= 5 3 × 5 3

2+1

= (5) 3 ⇔ 5

−−−−−
5. (a) √ 1

7
×
2

Explanation:
−−
An irrational number between a and b is given by √ab .
−−−−−
So, an irrational number between 1

7
and 2

7
is √ 1

7
×
2

7
.

6.
(d) 3
Explanation:
1 1

3 + 2x = (64) 2 + (27) 3

3 + 2x = √64 + √27
−− 3 −−
⇒

⇒ 3 + 2x = 8 + 3
⇒ 2x= 8 = 23

1 / 18
 equating both,
x=3

7.
(b) 9
Explanation:
1 1

9 3 × 27 2

−1 1

3 6 ×3 3
2 3

3 3 ×3 2
⇒
−1 1

3 6 ×3 3
2 3
+
3 3 2
⇒
−1 1
+
3 6 3

4+9
3
6
⇒
−1+2

3 6

13
3 13 1
−
⇒
6

1
=3 6 6

3 6
12

⇒ 3 6 =9

8.
– −−
(c) (√3, √27)
Explanation:
– −− −−
√3 × √27 = √81 = 9 which is a rational number.

9.
(d) 3
Explanation:
1

1 2

[(81) 2 ]

1 1
×
= (3 4
) 2 2

= (3 4
) 4

=3

10.
–
(b) 4√5
Explanation:
8√15

2√3

8√5× √3
⇒
2√3

8√5
⇒
2
–
⇒4√5

11.
(b) 1
Explanation:
3− √5 – 19
= a√5 − b
3+2√5 11

taking LHS,
3− √5 3−2√5
⇒ ×
3+2√5 3−2√5

3(3−2√5)− √5(3−2√5)
⇒
9−20

2 / 18
 9−6√5−3√5+10
⇒
−11

19−9√5
⇒
−11

−19 9√5
⇒ +
11 11

equating this with RHS,

we get,
−19 19
b = −
11 11

⇒ b=1

12.
−−−−−−−−−−−−
100 100 100
(b) √ 9
×
9
×
9

Explanation:
−3

100 2
( )
9

9
=(
2
)
100

3
2
3
=(
2
)
2
10
3
2×

=( 3

10
)
2

3
3
=( 10
)

27
= 1000

and
−−−−−− 3
−−−−−−−−−−−− 3

√
100

9
×
100

9
×
100

9
= √( 100

9
) = (
100

9
)
2

3
2×

=( 10

3
)
2

3
10
=( 3
)

= 1000

27
27 1000
≠
1000 27

13.
(b) 34
Explanation:
–
Given: x = (3 + √8)
(3− √8)
1 1 1
= = ×
x (3+ √8) (3+ √8) (3− √8)

(3− √8) (3+ √8) –

= = = (3 − √8)
2 2 (9−8)
( 3 −( √8) )

1 – –
(x + ) = (3 + √8) + (3 − √8) = 6
x

1 2
⇒ (x +
x
) = 6
2
= 36
2 1 1
⇒ (x + ) + 2 × x × = 36
2 x
x

2 1
⇒ (x + ) + 2 = 36
x2

⇒ (x
2
+
1

2
) = 36 − 2 = 34
x

14.
(c) 1

Explanation:
2-m × 2
1
m
=
1

4
,
2-m-m = (
2
1
⇒ )
2

⇒ 2-2m = 2-2

3 / 18
 Comparing, we get
-2m = -2
−2
⇒ m= −2

⇒ m=1
1 −1
1 1
Now, 14
{(4
m
) 2 + (
5
m ) }

1
1 m −1
= 14
[{(2 )
2
}
2
+ (5
−m
) ]

1
1 2xm×
= 14
{2 2 + 5
−m×(−1)
}

= 1

14
{2m + 5+m}
{21 + 51}
1
= 14

= 1

14
× 7= 1

15. (a) 26

45

Explanation:
¯
¯¯ 57−5
0.57 = 90

= 52

90
= 26

45

16. ​Let us draw a line segment AB = 2.3 units and extend it to C such that BC = 1 unit. Let O be the mid-point of AC.
Now let us draw a semi-circle with center O and radius OA.
Now, draw BD perpendicular to AC passing through point B and intersecting the semi-circle at point D.
−−−
Hence, the distance BD is √2.3 units.
−−
−
Draw an arc with centre B and radius BD, meeting AC produced at E, then BE = BD = √2.3 units.

3
−
7776
17. (
5
)
243

243 5
= ( )
7776

3
5
3 5
= ( )
5
6
3
5×
3 5
=
3
5×
6 5

3
3
=
3
6
1
=
8
¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
18. Let x = 0. 235
i.e. x = 0.235235..… ….(i)
Multiply both sides by 1000, we get
⇒ 1000x = 235.235235……. ….(ii)

On subtracting (i) from (ii), we get

999x = 235
235
⇒ x =
999
¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ 235
∴ 0. 235 =
999
3
19.
( √3− √2)+ √5

3 ( √3− √2)− √5
= ×
( √3− √2)+ √5 ( √3− √2)− √5

3( √3− √2− √5)

= 2 2
( √3− √2) −( √5)

3( √3− √2− √5)

=
2 2
[( √3) +( √2) −2× √3× √2]−5

4 / 18
 3( √3− √2− √5)
=
(3+2−2√6)−5

3( √3− √2− √5) √6

= ×
−2√6 √6

3( √18− √12− √30)

= −2×6

3(3√2−2√3− √30)
= −12

3√2−2√3− √30
= −4

2√3+ √30−3√2
= 4

20. We have
√a2 − b2 +a √a2 + b2 −b

÷
2 2
√a2 + b +b a− √a − b
2

2 2 2 2
a+ √a − b a− √a − b

== ×
√a2 + b2 +b √a2 + b2 −b

2 2 2 2
(a) −( √a − b )

=
2 2 2
( √a2 + b ) −(b)

2 2 2
a −( a − b )

=
2 2 2
( a + b )− b

2 2 2
a −a +b
= 2 2 2
a +b −b
2

= b

2
a
3 −7 2x

21. ( 3

4
) (
4

3
) = (
3

4
)

3 7 2x
3 3 3
( ) ( ) = ( )
4 4 4

3+7 2x
3 3
( ) = ( )
4 4

10 2x
3 3
( ) = ( )
4 4

⇒ 2x = 10
x=5
¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
22. Let x = 0.001. Then,
x = 0.001001001 ...(i)
⇒ 1000 x = 1.001001001 ...(ii)

On subtracting (i) from (ii), we get

999 x = 1 ⇒ x = 999
1

¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ 1
Hence, 0. 001 = 999

23. 1251/3 = (53)1/3

= 53 × 1/3 = 51 = 5
5 1

25 2 × 729 3
24. 2 2 4

125 3 × 27 3 × 8 3
5 1
2 3
(5 ) 2 × (9 ) 3
=
2 2 4
3 3 3
(5 ) 3 × (3 ) 3 × (2 ) 3

5 1
2× 3×
5 2 ×9 3
=
4
3×
2 2
3× 3× ×2 3

5 3 ×3 3

5 1
5 ×9
=
2 2 4
5 ×3 ×2
3
5
=
4
2
125
=
16

25. Let x = 0.404040.... = 0.40 . …(1) ¯

¯¯¯
¯

¯
¯¯¯
¯
∴ 100x = 40.40 …(2)
Subtracting (1) from (2), we get
99x = 40
40
∴ x =
99

5 / 18
 −− – –
26. 4√28 + 3√7 + √7 3

1
−−−− – n −
−
=4√4 × 7 + 3√7 + 7 3 [∵ √a = a
1/n
]
1
– –
= 8√7 + 3√7 + 7 3

1
–
=11√7 + 7 3

x +1 x+y y+2 y+z z+3 z+x

27. LHS = ( a

y+1
) (
a

z+2
) (
a

x +3
)
a a a

(ax+1-y-1)x+y× (ay+2-z-2)y+z× (az+3-x-3)z+x [using = am-n]

m

= a

a
n

= (ax-y)x+y× (ay-z)y+z× (az-x)z+x

= a(x-y)(x-y)× a(y-z)(y+z)× a(z-x)(z+x)
2 2 2 2 2 2
=a x −y
⋅ a
y −z
⋅ a
z −x

2 2 2 2 2 2
=a x −y +y −z +z −x

= a0
= 1 = RHS
3
28. 1
−
2
−
√3− √2 √5− √3 √2− √5

1 √3+ √2 2 √5+ √3 3 √2+ √5

= × − × − ×
√3− √2 √3+ √2 √5− √3 √5+ √3 √2− √5 √2+ √5

√3+ √2 2( √5+ √3) 3( √2+ √5)

= − −
2 2 2 2 2 2
√3 − √2 √5 − √3 √2 − √5

√3+ √2 2( √5+ √3) 3( √2+ √5)

= − −
3−2 5−3 2−5

√3+ √2 2( √5+ √3) 3( √2+ √5)

= − −
1 2 −3
– – – – – –
= (√3 + √2) − (√5 + √3) + (√2 + √5)
– – – – – –
= √3 + √2 ⋅ √5 − √3 + √2 + √5
–
= 2√2

29.

∴
1

11
= 0.090909 ... = 0. 09 ¯
¯¯¯
¯

The decimal expansion is non-terminating recurring.

1+ √2
30.
2− √2

1+ √2 2+ √2
= ×
2− √2 2+ √2

(1+ √2)(2+ √2)

=
2 2
2 − √2
2
1×2+ √2+2√2+ √2
=
4−2

2+3√2+2
=
2

4+3√2
=
2

31. 32x+4 + 1 = 2 × 3x+2

⇒ 32x ⋅ 34 + 1 = 2 ⋅ 3x ⋅ 32
⇒ (3x)2 × 81 + 1 = 18.3x
⇒ 81(3x)2 - 18.3x + 1 = 0
Let 3x = a
Thus, we have 81a2 - 18a + 1 = 0
⇒ 81a2 - 9a - 9a + 1 = 0
⇒ (9a)2 - 2 (9a)(1) + (1)2 = 0
⇒ (9a - 1)2 = 0
⇒ 9a - 1 = 0

⇒ 9a = 1

6 / 18
 ⇒ a= 1

⇒ 3x = 1

⇒ 3x = 1

2
= 3-2
3

⇒ x = -2
32. 1

√7+ √6− √13

( √7+ √6)+ √13

1
×
( √7+ √6)− √13 ( √7+ √6)+ √13

[ ∵a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b)]

( √7+ √6)+ √13
= 2 2
( √7+ √6) − √13

√7+ √6+ √13

=
(7+6+2√42)−13

√7+ √6+ √13

=
13+2√42−13

√7+ √6+ √13

=
2√42

√7+ √6+ √13 √42

= ×
2√42 √42

√7×42+ √6×42+ √13×42

= 2
2( √42)

√7×7×6+ √6×6×7+ √546

= 2×42

7√6+6√7+ √546
= 84

2+ √5
33. Given, a =
2− √5

2+ √5 2+ √5
⇒ a= ×
2− √5 2+ √5
2
(2+ √5)
=
2 2
2 −( √5)

4+5+4⋅ √5
=
4−5

–
= −(9 + 4√5)
2− √5
Also, b =
2+ √5

2− √5 2− √5
= ×
2+ √5 2− √5

2
(2− √5)
=
2 2
2 −( √5)

2 2
2 +( √5) −2.2√5
=
4−5

4+5−4√5
=
−1
–
= -(9-4√5)
–
= 4√5-9
We know, a2 - b2 = (a + b) (a - b)
– –
Here, a + b = -9 -4 √5 + 4√5-9= - 18
– – –
a - b = -9 -4√5 - (4√5 -9) = -8√5
Hence, a2 - b2 = -18 (-8√5)
–

–
= 144 √5

4√3+5√2
34. Given,
√48+ √18

4√3+5√2
=
√16×3+ √9×2

4√3+5√2 4√3−3√2
= ×
4√3+3√2 4√3−3√2

2 2
16( √3) +20√6−12√6−15( √2)
=
2 2
(4√3) −(3√2)

16×3+(20−12) √6−15×2
=
16×3−9×2

48+8√6−30
=
48−18

18+8√6
=
30

2(9+4√6)
=
30

9+4√6
=
15

7 / 18
35. 22x - 2x+3 + 3 + 24 = 0
⇒ (2x)2 - 2x × 23 + 24 = 0
⇒ (2x)2 - 2x × 8 + 16 = 0
Let 2x = a
Thus, we have
a2 - 8a + 16 = 0
⇒ a2 - 2(a)(4) + (4)2 = 0
⇒ (a - 4)2 = 0
⇒ a-4=0
⇒ a=4
⇒ 2x = 4
⇒ 2x = 22
⇒ x = 2
–
36. We have a = 2 + √3
1 1 1 2− √3 2− √3
∴ = = × =
a 2 2
2+ √3 2+ √3 2− √3 (2) − ( √3)

2− √3 2− √3 –
= = = 2 − √3
4−3 1

1 – – –
∴ a− = 2 + √3 − 2 + √3 = 2√3
a

√10+ √15 –
37. we have rationalisation factor of denominator is √2
√2

√10+ √15

√2

√10+ √15 √2
= ×
√2 √2

( √10+ √15) √2
= 2
( √2)

√10× √2+ √15× √2

= 2

√10×2+ √15×2

√20+ √30

√2×10+ √3×10
= 2
√2× √10+ √3× √10
= 2
1.414×3.162+1.732×3.162
= 2
4.471068+5.476584
= 2

= 9.947652

= 4.973826
= 4.973

8 / 18
38.

−−
Thus, √23 = 4.795831523......
∵ The decimal expansion is non-terminating non-recurring.
− −
∴ √23 is an irrational number.

39.

The distance 9.3 from a fixed point A on a given line to obtain a point B such that AB = 9.3 units. From B mark a distance of 1
unit and mark the new point as C. Find the mid-point of AC and mark that point as O. Draw a semi-circle with centre O and radius
−−
−
OC. Draw a line perpendicular to AC passing through B and interesting the semi-circle at D. Then BD = √9.3.

9 / 18
40. By long division, we have

¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
∴
1

7
= 0.1428571428...= 0. 142857
Clearly,
¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
2

7
=2× 1

7
= 2 × 0. 142857 =0. 285714
3 1 ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 3 × = 3 × 0. 142857 = 0. 428571
7 7

4 1 ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 4 × = 4 × 0. 142857 = 0. 571428
7 7

5 1 ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 5 × = 5 × 0. 142857 = 0. 714285
7 7

6 1 ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 6 × = 6 × 0. 142857 = 0. 857142
7 7

3− √5 3− √5 3−2√5
41. LHS = = ×
3+2√5 3+2√5 3−2√5

(3− √5)(3−2√5)
=
2 2
(3) − (2√5)

9−6√5−3√5+10 19−9√5
= =
9−20 −11

19−9√5 – b
Now, −11
= a√5 −
11

−19 9 – – b
⇒ + √5 = a√5 −
11 11 11
9 – 19 – b
⇒ √5 − = a√5 −
11 11 11

Hence, a = 9

11
.
b = 19
42. Yes, We can predict the decimal expansions of 2

7
,
3

7
,
4

7
,
5

7
,
6

7
, without actually doing the long division as follows :
2 1 ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 2 × = 2 × 0. 142857 = 0. 285714
7 7

3 1 ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 3 × = 3 × 0. 142857 = 0. 428571
7 7

4 1 ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 4 × = 4 × 0. 142857 = 0. 571428
7 7

5 1 ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 5 × = 5 × 0. 142857 = 0.714285
7 7

6 1 ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 6 × = 6 × 0. 142857 = 0. 857142
7 7

√3+ √2 √3+ √2
43. x = ×
√3− √2 √3+ √2

2
( √3+ √2) 3+2+2√3×2
= =
2 2 3−2
( √3) − ( √2)

5+2√6 –
⇒ x = = 5 + 2√6
1

10 / 18
 –
Similarly, y = 5 − 2√6
– –
Now, x + y = 5 + 2√6 + 5 − 2√6 = 10
( √3+ √2) ( √3− √2)
And, xy = × = 1
( √3− √2) ( √3+ √2)

∴ x2 + y2 = (10)2 - 2(1)2 = 100 - 2 = 98

1
–
√7 − 2

–
1 √7 + 2
= ×
– –
√7 − 2 √7 + 2
44. – –
√7 + 2 √7 + 2
= =
– 2 2 7 − 4
(√7) − (2)

–
√7 + 2
=
3

45. 1

√7− √6

– – √7+ √6 √7+ √6
We need to multiply the numerator and denominator of 1
by √7 + √6, toget 1
× =
√7− √6 √7− √6 √7+ √6 ( √7− √6)( √7+ √6)

We need to apply the formula (a − b) (a + b) = a 2

− b
2
in the denominator to get
1 √7+ √6
=
2 2
√7− √6 ( √7) − ( √6)

√7+ √6
=
7−6
– –
= √7 + √6.
– –
Therefore, we conclude that on rationalizing the denominator of 1
we get √7 + √6 .
√7− √6

46. Given
1 1 1
3 – – 6 –
√2 = 2 3 ; √3 = 3 2 ; √5 = 5 6

LCM of 3,2 and 6 = 6

1 1 2 2 1 1
( × ) 2
6
∴ 2 3 = 2 3 2 = 2 6 = (2 ) = 4 6

1 1 3 3 1 1
( × ) 3
2 3 6
3 2 = 3 = 3 6 = (3 ) = (27) 6

1 1 1

Clearly, (27) 6 > 5 6 > 4 6

1 1 1

So, 3 > 5 > 2 2 6 3

– – –
or √3 > √5 > √2 6 3

– – –
Hence, the correct descending order is √3, √5 and √2. 6 3

47. Given
–
a= 3 − 2√2
a2= (3 − 2√2)
– 2
⇒

2 – – 2
= 3 − 2 × 3 × 2√2 + (2√2)
–
= 9 − 12√2 + 8
–
= 17 − 12√2
1

2
= 1

x 17−12√2

17+12√2
= 1
×
17−12√2 17+12√2

17+12√2
=
2 2
17 −(12√2)

17+12√2
=
289−288
–
= 17 + 12√2
– –
So a 2
−
1

2
= (17 − 12√2) − (17 + 12√2)
a
– –
= 17 − 12√2 − 17 − 12√2
–
= −24√2

48. We know that

√5+ √2
a= .
√5− √2

√5+ √2 √5+ √2
= ×
√5− √2 √5+ √2

2
( √5+ √2)
=
2 2
√5 − √2

11 / 18
 5+2√10+2
=
5−2

7+2√10
=
3

We know that
√5− √2
b =
√5+ √2

√5− √2 √5− √2
= ×
√5+ √2 √5− √2
2
( √5− √2)
=
2 2
√5 − √2

5−2√10+2
=
5−2

7−2√10
=
3
2
7+2√10 49+28√10+40 89+28√10
2
a = ( ) = =
3 9 9

2
7−2√10 49−28√10+40 89−28√10
2
b = ( ) = =
3 9 9

LHS = 3a 2 + 4ab - 3b 2
Substituting the values, we get
89+28√10 √5+ √2 √5− √2 89−28√10
= 3 × + 4 × × − 3 ×
9 √5− √2 √5+ √2 9

89+28√10 89−28√10
= + 4 −
3 3

89+28√10−89+28√10
= 4 +
3
56 −−
= 4 + √10
3

= RHS
5− √21
49. Given, x = 2
1 2
∴ =
x
5− √21

(5+ √21)
= 2
×
(5− √21) (5+ √21)

2(5+ √21)
= 2 2
(5) −( √21)

2(5+ √21) 2(5+ √21) 5+ √21

= = =
(25−21) 4 2

1 5− √21 5+ √21 5− √21+5+ √21 10

∴ x + = ( ) + ( ) = = = 5
x 2 2 2 2

2
1 2
∴ (x + ) = 5 = 25
x

2 1 1
⇒ x + + 2 × x × = 25
x2 x

⇒ (x
2
+
1

2
) + 2 = 25 ⇒ (x
2
+
1

2
) = 25 - 2 = 23
x x

1 1 3
3
x + = 5 ⇒ (x + ) = (5) = 125
x x

3 1 1 1
⇒ x + + 3 × x × (x + ) = 125
3 x x
x

3 1
⇒ (x + ) + 3 × 5 = 125
3
x

1
⇒ (x
3
+
3
) = 125-15 =110.
x

3 1 2 1 1
∴ (x + ) − 5 (x + ) + (x + )
3 2 x
x x

= 110 - 5 × 23 + 5 = 110 - 115 + 5 = 115 - 115 = 0

√2+1 √2−1
50. Given, a = and b =
√2−1 √2+1
2
√2+1 √2+1 √2+1 ( √2+1)
Here, a = = × =
2 2
√2−1 √2−1 √2+1 ( √2) − 1

2
( √2) +1+2√2 2+1+2√2 –
= = = 3 + 2√2
2−1 1
–
∴ a = 3 + 2√2 ...(i)
2
√2−1 √2−1 √2−1 ( √2−1)
b = = × =
2
√2+1 √2+1 √2−1 ( √2) −1
2 2
( √2) + 1 −2√2 2+1−2√2 –
= = = 3 − 2√2
2−1 1
–
∴ ...(ii)
b = 3 − 2√2

From equation (i) and (ii)

– –
a + b = 3 + 2 √2 + 3 - 2√2 = 6

12 / 18
 ab = (3 + 2√2) (3 - 2√2) = 32 - (2√2)2
– – –

= 9 − 4 × 2 = 9 − 8 = 1

∴ a2 + b2 - 4ab = a2 + b2 + 2ab - 6ab

= (a + b)2 - 6ab
2
= 6 − 6

= 36 − 6 = 30

51. Given, a = 1
and b = 1
,
7−4√3 7+4√3

7+4√3 7+4√3
Now, a = 1
=
1
× =
2 2
7−4√3 7−4√3 7+4√3 7 −(4√3)

7+4√3 7+4√3
= =
49−16×3 49−48

1 –
∴ a= = 7 + 4√3
7−4√3

7−4√3 7−4√3
Now, b = 1
=
1
× =
2 2
7+4√3 7+4√3 7−4√3 7 −(4√3)

7−4√3 7−4√3
= =
49−16×3 49−48

1 –
∴ b = = 7 − 4√3
7+4√3

– –
a + b = 7 + 4√3 + 7 − 4√3 = 14
– –
ab = (7 + 4√3)(7 − 4√3)

= 72 -(4(√3))2
–

= 49 − 16 × 3 = 49 − 48

⇒ ab = 1
Now, a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 - 2ab
= (14)2 - 2 × 1
= 196 - 2
∴ a2 + b2 = 194
Also, a3 + b3 = (a + b)3 - 3ab(a + b)
= (14)3 - 3 × 1 (14)
= 2744 - 42
= 2702

52.

Draw a number line and mark a point 0, representing zero, on it. Suppose point A represents 1 unit as shown. Then, OA = 1
Draw a ⊥ AB from A such that AB = O A = 1 unit.
By pythagoras theorem, we have
(OB)2 = (OA)2 + (AB)2
⇒ OB2 = 12 + 12
⇒ OB2 = 1 + 1 = 2
–
⇒ OB = √2
Now, draw an arc with centre O and radius OB cuts the number line at A2
–
Clearly, OA2 = OB1 = Radius of circle = √6
–
Thus, A2 represents √6 on the number line.
Now draw a right angle triangle OB1 OB2 such that B1 B2 = 1
By pythagoras theorem, we have,
2 2 2
OB = OB + B1 B
2 1 2

2
– 2 2
⇒ OB = (√6) + (1)
2

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 –
⇒ OB2 = √7
Now, draw a circle with centre O and radius OB2 We find that the circle cuts the number line at A3
–
Clearly, OA3 = OB2 = Radius of circle = √7
–
Thus, A3 represents √7 on the number line.
Now, again draw a right triangle OB2 B3 such that B2 B3 = 1
By pythagoras theorem, we have,
2 2 2
OB = OB + B2 B
3 2 3

2
– 2 2
⇒ OB = (√7) + (1)
3

⇒ OB =7+1=8 2
3
–
⇒ OB3 = √8

Now, draw a circle with centre O and radius OB3. We find that the circle cuts the number line at A4
–
Clearly, OA4 = OB3 = Radius of circle = √8
–
Thus, A4 represents √8 on the number line.
–
53. i. Given, a = 3 + 2 √2
and = 1

a
1

3+2√2

3−2√2 3−2√2 3−2√2

Now, 1

a
=
1
× =
2 2
=
9−8
3+2√2 3−2√2 3 −(2√2)

1 –
∴ = 3 − 2√2
a
1 – –
a+ = 3 + 2√2 + 3 − 2√2 = 6
a
2
1 2 1
(a + ) = a + + 2
a 2
a
2 2 1
6 = a + + 2
2
a

2 1
⇒ a + = 36 − 2
2
a

2 1
⇒ a + = 34
2
a

ii. Now,
3
1 3 1 2 1 1
(a + ) = a + + 3 × a × + 3 × a×
a 3 a 2
a a
3
1 3 1 1
⇒ (a + ) = (a + ) + 3 (a + )
a a3 a

3 3 1
6 = a + + 3 × 6
a3

3 1
⇒ a +
3
a

= 216 − 18 = 198
–
54. Here x = 2 − √3
2+ √3 2+ √3 2+ √3 –
∴
1

x
= 1
× = 2 2
= 4−3
=2+√3
2− √3 2+ √3 2 − √3

1
⇒ x −
x
– –
= (2 − √3) − (2 + √3)
– –
= 2 − √3 − 2 − √3
–
= −2√3
3 – 3 –
Hence, (x − 1

x
) = (−2√3) = −24√3

3− √5
55. p =
3+ √5

3− √5 3− √5
= ×
3+ √5 3− √5
2
(3− √5)
=
2 2
3 − √5

9+5−6√5
=
9−5

14−6√5
=
4

7−3√5
=
2
3+ √5
q =
3− √5

3+ √5 3+ √5
= ×
3− √5 3+ √5
2
(3+ √5)
=
2 2
3 − √5

14 / 18
 9+5+6√5
=
9−5

14+6√5
=
4

7+3√5
=
2

p2 + q2
2 2
7−3√5 7+3√5
= ( ) + ( )
2 2

49+45−42√5 49+45+42√5
= +
4 4
94−42√5 94+42√5
= +
4 4
47−21√5 47+21√5
= +
2 2

47−21√5+47+21√5
=
2
94
=
2

= 47

56.

8
, we found that the remainder becomes zero and the decimal expansion of 7

8
= 0.875.
We call the decimal expansion of such numbers terminating.
10

3
and , we notice that the remainders repeat after a certain stage forcing the decimal expansion to go on for ever. In other
1

words, we have a repeating block of digits in the quotient. We say that this expansion is non-terminating recurring.
√3− √2
57. a =
√3+ √2

√3− √2 √3− √2
= ×
√3+ √2 √3− √2
2
( √3− √2)
=
2 2
√3 − √2

3+2−2√6
=
3−2
–
= 5 − 2√6

√3+ √2
b =
√3− √2

√3+ √2 √3+ √2
= ×
√3− √2 √3+ √2
2
( √3+ √2)
=
2 2
√3 − √2

3+2+2√6
=
3−2
–
= 5 + 2√6

2 – 2 – –
a = (5 − 2√6) = 25 − 20√6 + 24 = 49 − 20√6

2 – 2 – –
b = (5 + 2√6) = 25 + 20√6 + 24 = 49 + 20√6

So a2 + b2 - 5ab
Substituting the values we get
– – √3− √2 √3+ √2
= (49 − 20√6) + (49 + 20√6) − 5 × ×
√3+ √2 √3− √2

= 98 - 5
= 93
58. Draw a horizontal line X'OX, taken as the x-axis.
Take O as the origin to represent 0.

15 / 18
 Let OA =2 units and let AB ⊥ OA such that AB = 1 unit
Join OB. Then, by Pythagoras Theorem
−− −− −−−−−−
2 2
OB = √O A + AB
−−−−−−
=√22 + 12

–
= √5
With O as centre and OB as radius, draw an arc, meeting OX at P.
–
Then, OP = OB = √5
–
Thus, P represents √5 or the real line.
Now, draw BC ⊥ OB and set off BC = 1 unit.
Join OC. Then, by Pythagoras Theorem
−−−− − −−−−
−−−− −−−−−− – 2 –
2 2 2
OC = √O B + BC = √(√5) + 1 = √6

With O as centre and OC as radius, draw an arc, meeting OX at Q

–
Then, OQ = OC = √6
–
Thus, Q represents √6 on the real line.
Now, draw CD ⊥ OC and set off CD = 1 unit.
Join OD. Then,by Pythagoras Theorem
−−−− − −−−−
−−−− −−−−−− – 2 –
2 2 2
OD = √O C + C D = √(√6) + 1 = √7

With O as centre and OD as radius, draw an arc, meeting OX at R. Then

–
OR = OD =√7
– – –
Thus, the points P, Q, R represent the real numbers √5, √6 and √7 respectively
59. We know that,
5− √3
x =
5+ √3

5− √3 5− √3
= ×
5+ √3 5− √3

2
(5− √3)
=
2 2
5 − √3

25−10√3+3
=
25−3

28−10√3
=
22

14−5√3
=
11

Again,
5+ √3
y =
5− √3

5+ √3 5+ √3
= ×
5− √3 5+ √3
2
(5+ √3)
=
2 2
5 − √3

25+10√3+3
=
25−3

28+10√3
=
22
14+5√3
=
11

14−5√3 14+5√3
x-y = 11
−
11

14−5√3−14−5√3
=
11

−10√3
=
11
7√3 2√5 3√2
60. Given, − −
√10+ √3 √6+ √5 √15+3√2

7√3 √10− √3 2√5 √6− √5 3√2 √15−3√2

= × − × − ×
√10+ √3 √10− √3 √6+ √5 √6− √5 √15+3√2 √15−3√2

16 / 18
 7√3( √10− √3) 2√30−2×5 3√30−18
= − −
2 2 2 2 2 2
( √10) −( √3) ( √6) −( √5) ( √15) −(3√2)

7( √30−3) (2√30−10) 3√30−18

= − −
10−3 6−5 15−18
−− −− −−
= √30 − 3 − (2√30 − 10) − (6 − √30 )
−− −− −−
= √30 − 3 − 2√30 + 10 − 6 + √30
−− −−
= 10 − 9 + 2√30 − 2√30 = 1

5
61. i. 7

¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
ii. 0.714285
iii. Infinite
OR
real
−−−−− −− 5
62. i. ∴ √9 + 2x − √2x =
√9+2x

−−−− − −−−− − −−
⇒ √9 + 2x[√9 + 2x − √2x ] =5
−−−− − 2 −−−−−−− −−
⇒ (√9 + 2x) − √2x(9 + 2x) =5
−−−−−−−−−
⇒ 9 + 2x - 5 = √2x(9 + 2x)
−−−−−−−−−
⇒ 4 + 2x = √2x(9 + 2x)
Squaring both sides,
(4 + 2x)2 = (√2x(9 + 2x))
−−−−−−−−− 2

⇒ 16 + 4x2 + 16x = 18x + 4x2

⇒ 16 = 2x

⇒ x = 8

ii. ap+q
1
1 1 3−5 −2
−
iii. 7 5

1
=7 5 3 =7 15 =7 15

7 3

OR
Yes
63. i. May be rational or irrational
ii. There are infinite irrational numbers
iii. Irrational
OR
yes
64.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
A is true but R is false.

65.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

66. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
67.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
– –
√2 + √3 ≠ 5
– – – –
√3 + √2 = 1.732 + 1.414 = 3.146 ≠ √5 as √5 = 2.236

17 / 18
68.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
172⋅ 175 = 172+5 = 177

69. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
70. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
71.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
p
Irrational number cannot be expressed in the form q
, where p and q are integers, q ≠ 0.

72.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

73. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

18 / 18