Loại Cấu trúc Cách

dùng
Loại If+ S+ V(-s/es), Diễn tả sự If you freeze water, It
0 S+V(-s/es) thật hiển becomes a solid.
nhiên, đặc If you don’t drink water,
điểm thường you die.
thấy, thói
quen, …của
một cá nhân.
Loại If+ S+ V(-s/es), Điều kiện có If she studies hard, she
1 S+ will/can/shall+V thể xảy ra ở will pass the exam.
hiện tại hoặc If he does homework,
tương lai và he won’t get yelled.
kéo theo một He won’t get yelled if he
kết quả trong does homework.
tương lai.
Loại If+ S+V2/ed, Giả thiết If I were taller, I would
2 S+ would/could+ V không có thật buy this dress.
trong hiện tại If he had money, he
và dẫn tới một would buy a house.
kết quả khộng If I had a telephone, I
có thật trong would play game.
hiện tại.
Loại If+ S+had+ V3/ed, Giả thiếtIf you had studied
3 S+ không có thật enough, you would have
would/could+have+ ở quá khứ và passed the exam.
V3/ed dẫn tới một If you had gone out, you
kết quả không wouldn’t have
có thật trong regretted.
quá khứ. If I had done homework,
I could have passed the
exam.
If you had drunk the
water, you wouldn’t
have been thirsty.
Mixe If+S+had+V3/ed, Giả thiết If I had studied enough,
d1 S+would/could+V không có thật I would pass the exam.
trong quá khứ
và dẫn tới một
kết quả không
có thật trong
hiện tại.
Mixe If+S V2/ed, S+ Giả thiết If I knew how to cook, I
d2 would/could/… không có thật would have made you
+have+ V3/ed trong hiện tại dinner yesterday.
 dẫn tới một
kết quả không
có thật trong
quá khứ.

Bài tập
1. If he __________________ (EAT) everything he _____________________
(BE) ill. (3)
2. The police __________________ (ARREST) him if they
__________________ (CATCH) him (1)
3. What __________________ (HAPPEN) if my parachute
__________________ (NOT OPEN)? (1)
4. I __________________ (BE) angry if he __________________ (MAKE)
more mistakes. (2)
5. If he __________________ (NOT BE) late we __________________ (GO)
without him (3).
6. If I __________________ (LEND) you 10 pounds, __________________
(YOU, GIVE) it back to me ? (1)
7. If you __________________ (NOT LIKE) this one, I __________________
(BRING) you another one. (1)
8. If I __________________ (KNOW) that I __________________ (VISIT)
you . (3)
9. I __________________ (NOT DRINK) that wine if I __________________
(BE) you. (2)
10. If we __________________ (HAVE) more rain our crops
__________________ (GROW) faster (3)
11. If you __________________ (PAINT) the walls white the room
__________________ (BE) much
brighter (1).
12. I __________________ (CAN REPAIR) the roof myself if I
__________________ (HAVE) a ladder. (3)
13. You __________________ (NOT HAVE) so many accidents if you
__________________ (DRIVE)
slower (2).
14. What __________________ (YOU, DO) if you __________________
(HEAR) the alarm ? (2)
15. If you __________________ (GO) to Paris where __________________
(YOU STAY ) ? (1)
16. I __________________ (BRING) you something to drink if I
__________________ (KNOW) you were
thirsty (2).
17. If anyone __________________ (ATTACK) me, my dog
__________________ (JUMP) at him (3).
18. If everybody __________________ (GIVE) me 3 pounds we
__________________ (HAVE) enough.
Ex 2
1. If Anne’s father gets seriously ill, they ____________________
(BRING) him to the hospital.
2. If I ____________________ (BE) you I would pay more attention in
class.
4. The manager would have fired him if he ____________________
(HAVE) someone else to replace him.
5. I ____________________ (LIKE) her more if she hadn’t asked such
stupid questions.
6. If you ____________________ (NOT KNOCK) they won’t let you in.
7. If I had missed the bus, I ____________________ (TAKE) a taxi.
8. We will visit the sports centre tomorrow unless it
____________________ (RAIN).
9. I would have helped him if I ____________________ (KNOW) that his
condition was so bad.
10. He ____________________ (NOT GO) to the course if it were not so
interesting.
11. I ____________________ (CALL) if I had had his mobile number.
12. If I ____________________ (WIN) in the lottery I would go on an
extended vacation.
13. If I ____________________ (NOT BE) careful, he would have lost his
job.
14. ____________________ (SHE STAY) at home if I asked her to ?
15. If her daughter ____________________ (WORK) harder she would
pass the exam.
16. If the French lessons had been more interesting , Mary
____________________ (NOT ATTEND) a
different school.
17. He wouldn’t have been so happy if he ____________________ (NOT
HAVE) such a good life.
18. If I were a millionaire I ____________________ (STOP) working at
once.
19. If you ____________________ (MARRY) Peter, you would be happier.
20. I ____________________ (GIVE) you the news as soon as I get it.
3. Finish the sentences , using the correct tense !
1. If I lived in the country
________________________________________________________________
2. The milk would have turned sour if
_______________________________________________________
3. If you took a course in computer programming
_____________________________________________
4. I could have walked more quickly
if_______________________________________________________
5. You job sounds awful ! If I were you
______________________________________________________
6. They would have paid you more if
_______________________________________________________
7. If there was a power strike
_____________________________________________________________
8. If you tell this to anyone
_______________________________________________________________
9. If you don’t like films why
______________________________________________________________
10. I would have been able to win the match
if_________________________________________________
11. If the weather clears up
_______________________________________________________________
12. If John hadn’t eaten those mushrooms
___________________________________________________
13. She would have received the letter if
_____________________________________________________
14. I’ll buy you a box of chocolates
if_________________________________________________________