BEC405D: Linear Integrated Circuits
Module 2
Part 1: Op-Amp
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Operational Amplifiers: Key Characteristics and Parameters
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Operational Amplifiers: Key Characteristics and Parameters
• Open-loop gain
• Input impedance
• Output impedance
• offset voltage
• CMRR
• Slew rate
• Bandwidth
• Gain bandwidth product
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Virtual ground
• Real ground is when a terminal is connected physically to the ground or
earth.
• Virtual ground is a concept used in Op-Amps in which a node is assumed to
have the potential that of the ground terminal
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Virtual ground
• This means that the differential input voltage between the non inverting and inverting input
terminals is essentially zero.
• even if output voltage is few volts, due to large open loop gain of op-amp, the difference
voltage at the input terminals is almost zero.
• under linear range of operation, there is virtually short ckt between the two input
terminals, in the sense that their voltage are same.
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25
Questions
Design the circuit to obtain:
a) y = -10x1-2x2-5x3
b) Y= 11x1 + 13x2
Dr. Remya Jayachandran
Assistant Professor, ECED, NIE Mysore
remyajayachandran@[Link]
2024-’25